In order to detect a pest in time, you need to carefully examine the entire tree - from stems to leaves. Black aphids are easy to spot, as they are characterized by large aggregations. If you notice on the stems and leaves with reverse side black dots, it's aphids. Often the buds are covered with honeydew - aphid secretions. Signs of aphids damage are also yellow, twisted leaves with spots, inside it is easy to notice small brown and green fleas. Dead and dried tops are evidence of the presence of aphids on a peach.
After an aphid attack, the yield of a peach tree decreases, it becomes more susceptible to frost. Once an enemy is discovered, it must be destroyed. There are many different ways to control pests. So, let's figure out how to deal with aphids on peaches.
Often, gardeners are advised not to immediately resort to chemicals, but to try available agricultural practices. So, first of all, we remove all the weeds, remove all the root greens. Next, we clean the old bark on the trunk and branches. We connect the hose and remove the aphids from the foliage with a stream of water until the bloody color disappears. An excellent remedy is to plant spicy herbs around a peach or nectarine.
Mechanical methods can be applied if the peach tree small size. In this case, you can knock down the aphids with a broom, brush, cut off the foliage with signs of damage and burn it. Be careful, burn foliage should be outside garden plot. In autumn, ash can be sprinkled around the trunk and poured with boiling water. Ash, getting into the roots with water, makes them bitter, which repels the pest. In addition, boiling water destroys the larvae. For the next season, plant dill and mint nearby, then the pest will shun peach trees.
If, nevertheless, to fight aphids on a peach, you had to resort to "heavy artillery" - chemicals - then remember that the poisonous properties persist for 20 days, so it is impossible to process the fruits in the period close to harvesting. You need to fight the pest in early spring, until the leaves have blossomed or immediately when the tree has blossomed. The tree is sprayed with insecticides. These drugs cause paralysis in aphids, and within 3 days they die. The most effective, according to gardeners, are Aktara, DNOK, Konfidor, Karbofos. If you have done the treatment well, then the result will be evident in a week.
Fight aphids folk remedies possible at any time in the development of peach culture. To the most effective recipes can be attributed:
- infusion onion peel. The husk is poured with water and boiled for 20 minutes, covered with a lid and left for 5 days. Then they filter, add laundry soap, pour it into a spray bottle and spray the plant with it. It is not recommended to dilute the decoction with water;
- garlic infusion. Grind a glass of garlic and pour 1 liter cold water insist for 24 hours. Next, add 100 g of laundry soap, dilute with water and use;
- spicy mixture. Mix equal amounts of cinnamon, red and black pepper, mustard, salt, soda and wood ash. 200 g of soap are diluted in warm water, a dry mixture is added there and 9 liters of water are poured. Spraying is carried out twice with an interval of one week;
- tobacco tincture. 200 g of tobacco powder are dissolved in 10 liters of water, infused for 3 days, mixed with soapy water.
Be careful when using chemicals so as not to “burn” the tree along with the insects. A young tree may be too receptive to some compounds, so try spraying your chosen liquid on one branch. Wait a day, if the type of branch does not change, then a protective measure can be carried out throughout the tree.
If aphids have already appeared on a peach, and you are thinking about how to process, first give preference alternative means that will inflict minimal harm tree. To chemicals resort in case of emergency.
After all the foliage has fallen from the tree, the plant must be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid. Immediately before flowering, it would be good to spray with Tizol, and after flowering, again with Bordeaux liquid. Also make sure that Aktofit is always available in your first aid kit. It is applied along with laundry soap, how ambulance during aphid attacks.
From this video you will learn how to treat peach leaf curl.
Peach aphid can harm more than 50 types of vegetables (for example, tomato, potato, pepper), green (parsley, lettuce, dill), flower and decorative (gerbera, freesia, tulip, chrysanthemum, gerbera) and fruit (lemon, peach) cultures. Crops are considered unfavorable for the development of the pest population: cucumber and beans.
Damage
Aphids feed on plant sap on leaves and young shoots. Pest feeding leads to loss vitality host plant and can cause its death. With the development of a greenhouse aphid colony, the leaves of the plants first curl, then turn yellow and die, the flowers may fall off, the buds do not bloom. The pest carries about 100 viral diseases, among which mosaic viruses are the most harmful. Aphids secrete excess sugary compounds in the form of honeydew or, as it is also called, honeydew. In the presence of a large amount of sugary secretions on plants, soot fungus can develop on them. Covering plants, the fungus thereby interferes with the process of photosynthesis.
How to recognize peach aphids
Wingless female ovoid, about 2-2.5 mm long. The color of the covers may vary depending on the crop on which the pest develops and can beat: yellow-green, light green, pinkish. Eye color brown-red. Juice tubules are cylindrical, widened at the base, occupying a quarter of the body in length. The tail is finger-shaped, yellow, three times shorter than the tubules.
Larvae do not have white-pollinated spots on tergites.
The winged female is 2 mm long, has a black head, mid- and metathorax, and a yellow-green prothorax. On the dorsal side of the abdomen there is a sclerotized central black spot.
Eggs are oval, black with a sheen.
Winged form of greenhouse aphid The life cycle of a pest
AT closed ground a non-full-cyclic form of the pest develops, that is, colonies are represented only by parthenogenetic ovoviviparous individuals, since full-cyclic development requires the presence of a peach as a second host plant. One wingless female is capable of producing about 20-60 heirs in a lifetime.
The optimal temperature for development is 24-25°C, however, the pest tolerates low temperatures well and begins to multiply already at 5°C. The development of larvae takes about 20-30 days at a temperature of 5-10 ° C, as well as the average life expectancy of an adult. At 24°C, the development of the larva takes 6-7 days. With a reduction in the duration of daylight hours, winged female peach aphids appear.
Prevention and control measures
Biological control measures
Other control methods
Yellow glue traps are used to monitor winged forms of aphids and prevent the spread of the phytophage in the greenhouse.
This pest is also found on apricots, almonds, plums, cherry plums, blackthorns, cherries, cherries, quince, apple trees, but it prefers peach.
Aphid colonies are located on trunks and on the underside of skeletal branches.
They suck the juice from the bark, as a result, the growth and fruiting of fruit trees is inhibited, and the yield is reduced.
The development cycle of the pest is monoecious. Larvae hatch from overwintered eggs in April, at the beginning of flowering of the host plant. Over time, they transform into viviparous founding females, which give birth to several generations of aphids that reproduce parthenogenetically.
The high population density is established in July-August.
Aphids stick around boles and the lower part of the branches. With a strong colonization, individuals secrete sticky substances, from which the bark becomes wet.
Abundant excrement flows to the ground, covering it in the projection of the tree crown with dark spots.
In June, winged female settlers appear in aphid colonies along with wingless virgins, populating healthy trees.
Wingless individuals reach a length of 3.5-5 mm, they have a pear-shaped body, dull gray or brown, the head and spots on the back are black, and the legs are orange-yellow.
In winged individuals, the body length is 3.5-4.5 mm, the head and chest are black, the abdomen is brown or gray-brown, the front wings are brown. Flying from tree to tree, winged females give birth to larvae of ever new colonies.
During the growing season in the conditions of the south, up to ten generations develop. The entire development cycle takes place on one culture and ends with the formation of an amphigonal (oviparous) generation.
In September-November, amphigenic females develop in the colonies. Males rarely appear and females lay unfertilized eggs, placing them on the bark.
After laying eggs, the females die. Freshly laid eggs are large, red, in a few days they become black and shiny.
How to deal with peach aphids?
In order to successfully protect trees colonized by large peach aphids, it is necessary to eradicate wintering pests.
Before bud break, trees are sprayed with ZOV, 76% a.e. (consumption rate - 0.6 liters per 20 liters of water).
After the flowering of fruit trees, one of the pyrethroid insecticides is used against hatching larvae - arrivo, 25% a.e., bliskavka, 10% a.e., decis pro, 25% w.g., karate zeon, 050 microns. s., or drugs of the neonicotinoid group - confidor, 20% v.r.k., confidor maxi, 70% v.g., calypso, 480 k.s., mospilan, r.p.
The intervals between treatments with pyrethroid preparations are 14 days, and with neonicotinoid preparations - 21 days.
Our advice:
Protecting fruit trees chemicals, pay attention to the period of the last treatment before harvest, which is indicated on the package.
In garden plots of small size, natural phytoncidal plants with insecticidal properties can be used to protect trees from aphids.
Tobacco dust has an afidocidal effect (0.15-0.2 kg of tobacco or tobacco dust is poured into 10 liters of hot water and infused for 2 days, 40 g of laundry soap is added before spraying).
Against aphids, the treatment of trees with the biopreparation Aktofit, 0.2% ee, 40-60 ml per 10 liters of water is effective.
Our advice:
Leaves and inflorescences of elderberry are detrimental to aphids (0.8-1 kg of leaves and flowers of elderberry are poured into 10 liters of water, insisted for 3 days, 40 g of soap are added and sprayed).
"Chamomile" method of protection against peach aphids
For the same purpose, medicinal chamomile, Caucasian or Dalmatian is used. Raw materials are harvested during the flowering period.
Leaves and flowers are collected from chamomile, 1 kg of mass is poured into 10 liters of water heated to 60-70 ° C, insisted for 12 hours. 10 liters of water are added to the freshly prepared solution.
The whole plant is taken from the Dalmatian chamomile, only the inflorescence from the Caucasian chamomile. The crushed raw materials (200 g) are poured into 5 liters of water, insisted for 12 hours.
The infusion is drained, and the raw materials are again poured into 5 liters of water and again infused for 12 hours. After straining, the solutions are mixed and used immediately.
The intervals between treatments with tinctures or decoctions from plant materials are shorter than with chemical preparations.
Our advice:
Spraying with natural-based phytoncides is repeated after 5-7 days, trying to apply the working solution both on the upper and lower sides of the branches and stems.
We use laundry soap!
In home gardening, other environmentally friendly protective agents are also used against aphids.
Laundry soap is ground on a grater and dissolved in soft water (rain, river, pond). For 10 liters of water, 200-300 g of soap are consumed.
Soda solution against aphids
Aphids are destroyed by washing the shoots and stems inhabited by it with a 0.5% solution of soda ash with the addition of 0.5% soap (50 g of each agent per 10 l of water).
Igor Shevchuk, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
© Magazine "Ogorodnik"
Photo: pixabay.com
Peach aphid is the most common crop pest. The insect infects the tree at the beginning of May, pests throughout the growing season. The damage is colossal - the buds do not bloom, the fruits fall off, the young shoots die off, the leaves curl, turn yellow. Experienced gardeners tell how to deal with aphids on a peach.
Signs of pests
Peach aphid is a small insect with a body length of not more than 3 mm. The most common species is the large peach, green, black bloody aphid. Pests form entire colonies, giving up to 20 generations for the entire warm season. By the end of summer, winged individuals appear - males and females, capable of migrating to other crops. A photo of pests is presented below.
To calculate the presence of pests on a peach, you need to carefully examine the tree, its stems and leaves:
- black bloody aphids on peach are clearly visible due to the large accumulation of individuals;
- dark dots are placed on the stems, on the back of the leaves;
- buds are covered with honeydew - aphid secretions;
- the tops dry up, die off;
- leaves curl down, turn yellow, spots appear;
- small fleas of brown, green color are visible inside.
On a note!
The peach stops developing, weakens, gets sick, and yields decrease. A tree infected in summer does not tolerate cold winters.
Mechanical, agrotechnical methods of control
You can get rid of aphids on a peach mechanically if the tree is small. Knock down aphids with a jet of water, sweep with a broom, brush, pick off the affected leaves.
- In deep autumn, dig the ground around the peach, sprinkle with a dense layer of ash, pour hot water. Aphids lay their eggs under the bark, at the bottom of the tree. Hot water destroys the larvae, preventing them from developing. Ash penetrates into the juices of the tree, saturates the peach with bitterness. Ash does not affect the quality of the fruit, but makes the tree unattractive to aphids.
- Plant dill in the garden. Umbelliferae attract ladybug, some types of bedbugs that protrude natural enemies aphids. Bushes of peppermint, calendula are planted around the tree. These plants repel aphids with their smell.
Tie a peach trunk with a protective polyethylene belt, coat with resin. The belt prevents ants from reaching the upper branches, which spread aphids throughout the trees of the garden.
Folk recipes
It is possible at any period of the peach growing season:
- Infusion of onion peel repels insects with a pungent odor, allows you to get rid of pests in 1-2 procedures. Pour onion peel with water, boil for 20 minutes. Leave to infuse under a closed lid for 5 days. Strain, add. It is necessary to prepare the right amount of the drug immediately, dilute clean water Not recommended. Spray the peach with a garden spray bottle.
- Grind a glass, pour 1 liter of cold water. Insist for a day. Dilute with water to the desired amount, add 100 g of laundry soap.
- Mix in equal proportions cinnamon, red and black pepper, salt, baking soda, . Separately dissolve 200 g of laundry soap in warm water. Combine with the rest of the ingredients, add 9 liters of water. Spray the peach with a spray bottle. Repeat the procedure after a week.
- Dissolve in 10 liters of water 200 g. Insist 3 days. Add soap base.
Remedies for aphids on peach folk recipes get rid of pests within a week, subject to careful processing. The procedure is carried out twice.
Other popular means:
Professional preparations
How to process a peach from aphids to get quick results, so this
Aphids on peach are not uncommon. This is the most common pest that forms entire colonies. Aphids are large peach, black, green, blood. In this article, we will look at the causes of the appearance of the pest, and also figure out how to effectively deal with aphids.
In order to detect a pest in time, you need to carefully examine the entire tree - from stems to leaves. Black aphids are easy to spot, as they are characterized by large aggregations. If you notice black dots on the stems and leaves on the reverse side, then this is an aphid. Often the buds are covered with honeydew - aphid secretions. Signs of aphids damage are also yellow, twisted leaves with spots, inside it is easy to notice small brown and green fleas. Dead and dried tops are evidence of the presence of aphids on a peach.
After an aphid attack, the yield of a peach tree decreases, it becomes more susceptible to frost. Once an enemy is discovered, it must be destroyed. There are many different ways to control pests. So, let's figure out how to deal with aphids on peaches.
Which processing method to choose
Agricultural technology
Often, gardeners are advised not to immediately resort to chemicals, but to try available agricultural practices. So, first of all, we remove all the weeds, remove all the root greens. Next, we clean the old bark on the trunk and branches. We connect the hose and remove the aphids from the foliage with a stream of water until the bloody color disappears. An excellent remedy is to plant spicy herbs around a peach or nectarine.
Mechanical methods can be applied if the peach tree is small. In this case, you can knock down the aphids with a broom, brush, cut off the foliage with signs of damage and burn it. Be careful, you should burn the foliage outside the garden plot. In autumn, ash can be sprinkled around the trunk and poured with boiling water. Ash, getting into the roots with water, makes them bitter, which repels the pest. In addition, boiling water destroys the larvae. For the next season, plant dill and mint nearby, then the pest will shun peach trees.
Chemicals
If, nevertheless, to fight aphids on a peach, you had to resort to "heavy artillery" - chemicals - then remember that the poisonous properties persist for 20 days, so it is impossible to process the fruits in the period close to harvesting. You need to fight the pest in early spring, until the leaves have blossomed or immediately when the tree has blossomed. The tree is sprayed with insecticides. These drugs cause paralysis in aphids, and within 3 days they die. The most effective, according to gardeners, are Aktara, DNOK, Konfidor, Karbofos. If you have done the treatment well, then the result will be evident in a week.
Folk methods
You can fight aphids with folk remedies at any time in the development of peach culture. The most effective recipes include:
- infusion of onion peel. The husk is poured with water and boiled for 20 minutes, covered with a lid and left for 5 days. Then they filter, add laundry soap, pour it into a spray bottle and spray the plant with it. It is not recommended to dilute the decoction with water;
- garlic infusion. Grind a glass of garlic and pour 1 liter of cold water, insist for 24 hours. Next, add 100 g of laundry soap, dilute with water and use;
- spicy mixture. Mix equal amounts of cinnamon, red and black pepper, mustard, salt, soda and wood ash. 200 g of soap are diluted in warm water, a dry mixture is added there and 9 liters of water are poured. Spraying is carried out twice with an interval of one week;
- tobacco tincture. 200 g of tobacco powder are dissolved in 10 liters of water, infused for 3 days, mixed with soapy water.
How and when to process
Be careful when using chemicals so as not to “burn” the tree along with the insects. A young tree may be too receptive to some compounds, so try spraying your chosen liquid on one branch. Wait a day, if the type of branch does not change, then a protective measure can be carried out throughout the tree.
If aphids have already appeared on a peach, and you are thinking about how to process it, first give preference to alternative means that will cause minimal damage to the tree. Use chemicals if absolutely necessary.
After all the foliage has fallen from the tree, the plant must be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid. Immediately before flowering, it would be good to spray with Tizol, and after flowering, again with Bordeaux liquid. Also make sure that Aktofit is always available in your first aid kit. It is used together with laundry soap as an ambulance for aphid attacks.
Video "How to treat peach leaf curl"
From this video you will learn how to treat peach leaf curl.