The traffic rules of the Russian Federation regulate not only the order and principles of the movement of vehicles and pedestrians on the roads of our country, but also what rights they are endowed with during this movement. According to the provisions of the road legislation, drivers have the right to carry in their vehicles.
The latter is divided into dimensional and oversized, the transportation of each of which is regulated by the road inspection differently. In today's material, our resource will consider in detail the traffic regulations regarding the transportation of oversized items, as well as penalties for non-compliance.
Oversized cargo is large or heavy luggage
In the Russian Federation Traffic Regulations, the concept of “oversized cargo” is interpreted as “oversized or heavy luggage.” Regardless of the interpretation of the definitions, they mean that the cargo exceeds the legal limit for a particular mode of transport.
Before sending any baggage, it is extremely important to determine this norm specifically for your case, so as not to run into trouble from the traffic inspectors. Today, oversized cargo is considered to be luggage that:
- or significantly exceeds the size of the vehicle carrying it, as a result of which it is capable of blocking part of the roadway and creating a potential danger for other road users (large cargo);
- or exceeds the maximum permissible weight parameter for transportation on the transport carrying it (heavy cargo).
- Traffic regulations define these concepts quite clearly, but it is worth understanding that their final interpretation depends on the type of transport used to transport a particular cargo. For example, regarding the carriage of luggage on trucks, oversized cargo is considered to be any cargo exceeding:
- 2.5 meters in height;
- 38 tons by weight;
- 24 meters long;
- 2.55 meters wide.
Of course, if transportation is carried out on a small truck, then the calculation is based on its dimensions. But it is the above-mentioned parameters of oversized baggage that are legally fixed for freight transportation.
Despite the relative subjectivity of the concept of “oversized cargo,” the Russian Traffic Regulations state that it is necessary to consider luggage as such on grounds common to all types of vehicles. More precisely, on the following:
- the cargo being transported protrudes 40 centimeters or more on the sides of the vehicle and more than 1 meter in the back and front;
the transported cargo exceeds the permissible weight for transportation on this vehicle. - That is, in the presence of the above circumstances, the traffic police officer has every right to issue a fine for the transportation of oversized cargo, but only on the condition that its transportation is carried out in violation of the rules established by law.
Transportation rules
Oversized cargo must be transported according to established rules
As noted earlier, the Russian Traffic Regulations specify not only the concept of “oversize cargo,” but also the rules for its transportation. By observing these, you can avoid receiving fines for transporting oversized luggage. The general list of rules for the transportation of “oversize” items is as follows:
- A passenger car can carry cargo not exceeding 2.55 meters in width, 2.5 meters in length and the transport weight permissible for this vehicle. In this case, oversized cargo must be installed in such a way that it does not block the driver’s view of the vehicle and is visible to other road users.
- In addition, a sign must be installed on the vehicle indicating the transportation of oversized cargo. Its size must be at least “40 by 40 cm”, and it must also be reflective.
- For other types of transport, the previously mentioned rules apply, which cannot be violated. In the process of transporting “oversize” items, for example, in a minibus or small truck, it is also necessary to install it on the vehicle.
In rare cases, it is permissible to transport oversized cargo exceeding normal sizes that are established by law. In this case, it is necessary to obtain the appropriate permits, comply with a number of transportation rules and, if necessary, enlist an escort (if the luggage width is more than 4 meters).
Such rules cannot be ignored, since there is some administrative liability for their non-compliance on the territory of the Russian Federation. It is worth noting that when drawing up a protocol, traffic police officers must take into account the permissible measurement error of “+/- 10 centimeters”.
That is, if the size of the cargo transported in a passenger car is 2.58 meters wide and 2.53 meters long, the driver has the right to demand that he be released. In this case, it is worth referring to the corresponding decree of authorized organizations (GOST).
Punishment for violations
For incorrect transportation there is a fine!
For transporting oversized cargo on a vehicle in violation of the rules of this procedure or in greatly exceeding the permissible standards, traffic police officers have the right to impose a corresponding penalty on the driver.
If the rules for the transportation of “oversized goods” are enshrined in the traffic rules of the Russian Federation, then violations for offenses regarding the transportation of such cargo are regulated by the Code on Administrative Offenses(Administrative Code). According to Article 12.21 of the Code, the following types of penalties may be imposed for incorrect transportation of oversized cargo:
- for the driver - either a fine from 1,500 to 2,500 rubles, or deprivation of rights for a period of 2 to 4 months;
- for an official who allows this type of transportation in violation - a fine of 15,000 to 20,000 rubles;
- for a legal entity, that is, an organization whose driver transported cargo in violation of the law - up to 500,000 rubles.
It is worth noting that responsibility is not always imposed on officials and legal entities, as a rule, it is the driver who is punished. Despite this, by decision of a judicial authority or in some other situations, all subjects of legal relations who are in one way or another guilty of incorrect transportation of “oversized items” may suffer.
It is important to understand that the size, severity and other nuances of penalties for such an offense depend on how seriously the rules were violated. The “seriousness” of a violation is determined based on the presence of such circumstances as:
- the presence or absence of warning signs and their compliance with standards;
- correct placement of cargo and its dimensions;
- the speed of the vehicle transporting oversized cargo.
Of course, if the “oversized cargo” was transported without special signs, blocked the driver’s view and was potentially dangerous for other road users, then the penalty may be the most serious. But if the transportation rules were followed, but the special sign was missing, the driver has the right to count on a relatively minor penalty from the traffic police.
In any case, when transporting oversized cargo by one or another type of transport, you must comply with traffic rules. It is important to take into account that some violations during the transportation of such luggage can be dangerous not only for the driver transporting it, but also for other road users. Is the health or even the lives of people worth transporting large cargo? Definitely not.
In general, the rules for transporting “oversize goods” are quite accessible and clearly formulated in the Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation, and the penalties for violating them are in the Code of Administrative Offenses. You can get acquainted with them most accurately if you thoroughly study Chapter 23 of the Traffic Regulations and Article 12.21 of the Code; the main information from these legislative acts was presented in today’s article. We hope the material was useful to you and provided answers to your questions. Good luck on the roads!
What fines are faced for non-compliance with the rules for transporting oversized cargo? Look for answers in the video:
How much can the load stick out from the trailer? Which permissible norm? oversized cargo
- 1 m behind.
on the sides 0.4 - Up to 2m 55cm (2m 60cm - for refrigerators and isotherms) - width (but not more than 40cm from any edge of the vehicle to the edge of the cargo), 4m 00cm - height from road surface right up to high point Vehicle (vehicle) or transported cargo located on the vehicle, 20m 00cm - total length "clean" (vehicle + cargo + trailer = from the beginning of the vehicle to the protruding part of the cargo or trailer), but no more than 2 m of the protrusion of the cargo beyond the vehicle - THIS SIZE TRANSPORTATION. Exceeding the limits of any of the indicators is OVERSIZE TRANSPORTATION.
- rear max 2m, side 40cm
- A load protruding beyond the front and rear dimensions of the vehicle by more than 1 m or from the side by more than 0.4 m from the outer edge of the side light must be marked with the “Large Load” identification signs. When transporting large cargo in the dark and in conditions of insufficient visibility, in addition, the pile must be marked in front - with a flashlight or reflector white, behind - a flashlight or a red reflector.
Transportation of oversized cargo and movement of a vehicle, the overall parameters of which, with or without cargo, exceed 2.55 m in width (2.6 m for refrigerators and isothermal bodies), in height 4 m from the roadway surface, in length (including one trailer) 20 m, or the movement of a vehicle with a load protruding beyond the rear point of the vehicle's overall dimensions by more than 2 m is carried out in accordance with special rules.
In practice, the protrusion of the load to the side is measured from the side lights, the protrusion to the rear - FROM THE EXTREME POINT OF THE BODY (trailer). If the back is more than 1 meter, but less than 2, then you need to mark the load, and not with a red rag, but with a sign or a lantern. If the protrusion is less than 1 meter, you don’t have to do this. If the protrusion is more than 2 meters, then you cannot drive without special permission.
Transportation of large and heavy cargo without special permission and a special pass in the event that obtaining such a pass is mandatory, as well as with deviation from the route specified in the special permit
fine: per driver from 2000 to 2500 rubles. or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of 4 to 6 months. , for officials from 15,000 to 20,000 rubles. , for legal entities from 400,000 to 500,000 rubles. / confiscation of a driver’s license, from July 1, 2008, detention of a vehicle
Transportation of large-sized cargo exceeding the dimensions specified in the special permit by more than 10 centimeters
fine: per driver from 1500 to 2000 rubles. or deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of 2 to 4 months. , for officials from 10,000 to 15,000 rubles. , for legal entities from 250,000 to 400,000 rubles. / confiscation of a driver’s license, from July 1, 2008, detention of a vehicle
Transportation of heavy cargo exceeding the permitted maximum weight or axle load specified in a special permit by more than 15 percent
fine: per driver from 1500 to 2000 rubles. , for officials from 10,000 to 15,000 rubles. , for legal entities from 250,000 to 400,000 rubles.
Violation of the rules for the transportation of large and heavy cargo, except for the cases provided for in parts 1 to 3 of this article
fine: per driver from 1000 to 1500 rubles. , for officials from 5,000 to 10,000 rubles. , for legal entities from 150,000 to 250,000 rubles.
Rules Road Traffic Russian Federation
But I transported such an oversized cargo from St. Petersburg to the Sea of Azov for 2300 km - no problems arose at all. Trailer - 5.3 meters. The boat is 6.2 meters. The protrusion is 0.9 meters - you didn’t even need a sign.
The rules for the transportation of oversized cargo are discussed in Section 23 “Transportation of Cargo” of the Road Traffic Rules and, in particular, 23.4, which prescribes the designation of oversized cargo with special signs. In the dark, as well as in case of insufficient visibility (read: snowfall, fog, rain), use reflectors or flashlights: white in front, red in back.
By oversized cargo, traffic regulations mean one that protrudes beyond the front/rear dimensions of the vehicle by more than a meter, or on the side by more than 0.4 meters from the side lights.
As stated in the traffic rules, the transportation of oversized cargo (including heavy cargo) is separately regulated by requirements, standards and rules. However, you need to know that the leading role still belongs to traffic rules. Therefore, if a controversial situation suddenly arises, you can go to court, which, as a rule, makes a decision based specifically on the points of the traffic rules, and not on some departmental rules.
After the new Rules for the transportation of goods by road have come into force, the well-known Instruction continues to apply, prescribing the rules for the transportation of heavy and large-sized cargo by road on the roads of the Russian Federation, but only to the extent that does not contradict the new Rules. In any case, the loads on each axle should never exceed those permitted by the manufacturer, and it is necessary to take into account the weight of the semi-trailer, which also cannot be more than the maximum permissible values.
Also, every driver must know that transporting large cargo is possible only under conditions when the cargo:
- does not interfere with the driver's view. And the driver must see both the entire road situation ahead and behind with the help of rear-view mirrors;
- does not interfere with control and does not affect the stability of the vehicle;
- does not block external reflectors and lighting devices, license plates and other identification marks for other traffic participants, and does not create obstacles to the perception of hand signals.
- does not pollute the environment, does not create noise, dust, etc.
There are also traffic features in terms of speed limits. Oversized cargo is required by traffic regulations to be transported at a speed of no higher than 60 km/h on roads, and 15 km/h when driving on bridges.
In addition, the driver is prohibited from deviating from the prescribed route, agreed with special authorities.
If any of the conditions stipulated by the traffic rules for the transportation of oversized cargo is violated, the driver must eliminate the violation or stop driving. If this is not done, then a fine or even deprivation of rights will follow, according to Article 12.21 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
For example, for transporting heavy or large cargo without a special permit (if one is required), as well as in case of deviation from the route specified in the special permit, the driver can be fined in the amount of 2,000 rubles or more, or deprived of his driver’s license for up to 6 months , and also detain the vehicle. For officials and legal entities, fines are much higher - up to 20,000 and even up to 500,000 rubles, respectively.
When transporting cargo exceeding the dimensions specified in the special permit by more than 10 cm, the driver may be fined up to 2,000 rubles or deprived of his license for up to 4 months. An official will be fined up to 15,000 rubles, a legal entity - up to 400,000 rubles. And also - to detain the vehicle.
If the maximum weight or axle load exceeds those specified in the special permit, drivers, officials and legal entities will also face fines, as in the previous situation. But there is no provision for deprivation of rights and delay of the vehicle.
Since a car is not a luxury, but a means of transportation, its scope of use is not limited to trips to and from work, or country walks with the whole family. Even the smallest compact hatchback can be used to transport a wide variety of useful items. Which, in fact, is what many people do.
However, drivers often break the rules:
- they overload their cars - by doing this they only make it worse for themselves;
- luggage is placed incorrectly;
- they try to transport objects that exceed the size of the car, and so on.
The Code of Administrative Offenses is not too strict with such violators, since the fine is very small - 500 rubles (12.21 part 1). There are also more significant ones, but they apply to truck drivers, and we talked about these fines on the pages of our automobile portal website.
How to avoid fines? Let’s try to figure it out in this article about how to properly transport cargo in a passenger car.
SDA - transportation of goods
Section 23 of the Traffic Regulations of the Russian Federation, articles 23.1-23.5, is devoted to this topic.
First of all, we read that overload should not be allowed. If the maximum permitted weight is, for example, one and a half tons, then it cannot be exceeded, since this will not only lead to damage to the vehicle suspension or increased fuel consumption, but also to deterioration in driving characteristics:
- management will become more complicated;
- a shift in the center of gravity, the car may tip over if the driver does not adhere to the speed limit;
- increasing the stopping distance.
In paragraph 23.2 we read: the owner of the car is obliged to make sure that the load is well secured before starting the trip. Indeed, at speed, luggage placed on the roof is strongly affected by the headwind and can move or even fall onto the asphalt, thus creating an emergency situation and obstacles for other drivers.
Important information is contained in paragraph 23.3: the load is secured so that it:
- did not block the view;
- did not complicate the management process;
- did not negatively affect the stability of the car on the highway;
- did not pollute the environment, did not generate dust and did not leave marks on the coating.
Also here is another important requirement - lighting devices and registration plates should not be closed. If this cannot be avoided, then the luggage is placed in such a way that it does not interfere with the correct perception of hand signals by other drivers.
Accordingly, if it is not possible to properly place the luggage, you need to either stop and take measures to eliminate this problem, or completely abandon further movement.
Requirements for the dimensions of transported cargo
Often drivers passenger cars have to be transported different kinds products that exceed the dimensions of the vehicle. We can talk about anything: pipes, reinforcement bars, lining, long spare parts for agricultural equipment (knives for combines, reaching 5-6 meters).
What to do in this case?
We find the answer in the traffic rules:
If an object protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle by more than one meter in front or behind, or by more than 0.4 meters on the sides, then it must be marked with a special sign - “Large cargo”. If you don’t have such a sign with you, then just tie a piece of red cloth. At night, reflectors and white reflective lights are hung in front, and red ones in the back.
The height of such a loaded vehicle should not be more than 4 meters from the road surface. It would seem that something so big can be placed on the roof of your Lada or Opel? But those people who have ever transported polystyrene foam will agree that it can be folded to a fairly large height, although you will have to go very, very slowly.
Thus, if you do not want to fall under the provisions of Article 12.21 of the Administrative Code. Part 1 and pay a fine of 500 rubles, then adhere to these rules. As a last resort, you can always call a cargo taxi - many people do it this way.
Transport services have received one of the leading roles in modern world. It is no longer possible to do without organizations and firms involved in the transportation of people and goods. Construction, production, trade, everyday life - everything depends on the ability to deliver the necessary things and objects to the appointed place on time. Therefore, in our article we will talk about an indispensable type of service - the transportation of oversized cargo by road. More precisely, about the rules governing the delivery of objects custom size and weight on a car or truck.
To transport oversized items, a number of rules must be followed
Definition of oversize
Oversized cargo - transported objects that do not correspond to the dimensions of the vehicle and protrude beyond its limits. If the rules for transporting such items are not followed, emergency situation on road.
There are two types of oversized:
- large - objects exceed the size of a vehicle and partially block the roadway;
- heavy - the load weighs more permissible value the vehicle used.
Traffic regulations requirements precisely establish the dimensions and weight, the excess of which determines the transported object into the category:
- height from 250 cm;
- weight over three tons;
- cargo over 24 meters in length;
- width is more than 255 cm.
Oversized cargo includes cargo whose dimensions do not exceed 2.5 m, 13.6 m and 2.55 m (height, length and width, respectively).
If during transportation an object protrudes from the side of the car by more than 40 cm, and 1 meter from the back or front, such cargo is also classified as oversized.
Objects over four meters in width are transported only when accompanied by traffic police officers.
Cargo longer than 24 meters falls under the definition of oversized
Traffic rules and requirements There are traffic rules regulating the delivery of large cargo in passenger cars and trucks. The rules are described in section 23 “Transportation of goods,” paragraph 4. It states that in situations of insufficient visibility on the road, oversized cargo must be marked with special symbols. Namely: lights, stickers or reflective elements behind the red or orange color
, front - white. Previously, the transportation of oversized cargo was regulated by the Instruction, which prescribes requirements regarding permissible load
on the car axle, restrictions on the weight and size of objects, the weight of a semi-trailer, etc. However, now, after the recent entry into force, it is also necessary to take into account the Regulations for the carriage of large goods.
Requirements for drivers and fines
Drivers transporting oversized cargo by road must take into account and comply with all traffic regulations regarding such manipulations.
- During transportation, the transported objects must not interfere with the view of the road and sidewalks from behind, in front or to the sides.
- The load must be secured securely. Poor quality fixation can lead to instability of transport and accidents on the road.
- The luggage must not impede movement or otherwise impede driving.
- Reflectors, identification signs and other markers must be in a clear visible space for other road users.
- Transported oversized cargo must not cause harm environment, litter the road and roadsides, impede the movement of other cars, make noise, create a lot of dust, etc.
- For cargo protruding beyond the body by more than two meters, there are separately developed traffic rules.
There is also a limitation on the speed of transport during the transportation of heavy and large objects. Traffic rules It has been approved that oversized cargo can be transported at a speed of no more than 60 km/h on the highway and within the city, and 15 km/h on the bridge.
It is important that the transport driver does not deviate from the given route, which was previously agreed upon with the Federal Automobile and Road Service by the traffic police. If problems arise during the flight, the driver undertakes to solve them or stop further progress. Ignoring the problem may result in deprivation of your driving license for up to six months and a fine.
Punishment is assigned to the driver if the transportation of oversized cargo was carried out without documentary permission (if it was required), or if the person deviated from the laid path. Or if the protrusion of the object beyond the boundaries of the body exceeds that indicated in the document by more than ten cm. A fine is issued if the norms for the load on the vehicle’s axle are exceeded (the weight of the load is greater than that stated in the document).
Financial penalties for legal and individuals differ significantly. A “private trader” will lose up to 3,000 rubles for a violation; an official will lose about 20 thousand. Entity may receive a fine of up to half a million.
Reflectors must be installed in a visible place on the vehicle
Oversized cargo designation
As was said, any large object transported by road must be marked. This allows you to reduce the risk of an accident to zero. These designations include:
- square metal shield with diagonal reflective red stripes, sign dimensions 40x40 cm, the shield is often replaced with a similar sticker;
- "oversized" sign;
- road train sign;
- long sign;
- reflectors.
The “road train” sign can be installed in the form of a shield or sticker
Organization of transportation of oversized items
Massive heavy objects, large equipment, and special equipment can only be transported after receiving special permission. For this they provide:
- “metrics” of transported cargo;
- route;
- cargo documentation.
It may take up to 30 business days to obtain a permit, so you must apply in advance. This is required in order to study the information and the declared route. If there are communications that interfere with the progress of the route, the route or mode of transport may be changed.
The movement of a convoy with cargo also requires compliance with the following rules:
- Escort vehicles must be equipped with warning signs;
- it is important to maintain a safe distance between transport units of the convoy;
- when transporting dangerous luggage, there must be a spare empty vehicle in the convoy;
- All vehicles involved in transportation must undergo technical inspection and obtain permission to fly.
You can be refused transportation if:
- there are more safe way transport oversized cargo to its destination (railway, air or sea transport);
- the cargo can be disassembled into its components without damage;
- there is no way to ensure the safety of the cargo and others along the route (dangerous road, route through locality etc.).
Transportation of large objects requires strict adherence to the rules: obtaining permission, route planning, size control (protrusion beyond the body, height and weight), and so on. Failure to comply with the requirements may result in deprivation of your driver's license for up to 6 months and fines. For a number of reasons, services may refuse permission to transport oversized items.