Today photography as an art is at the peak of its popularity. With the development of technology, the availability of information, shooting people and objects with a camera is filled with a completely new meaning. Another 2-3 decades ago, the services of a photographer were resorted to only in the most special occasions, and this kind of photography, as was in demand as much as possible. And if in those days you allow yourself a real reflex camera could only a select few, today the opportunity to self-actualize with the help of photography is available to most of those who wish. Genre photography is also gaining popularity, when a photo artist sets himself the task of not only capturing the events that are taking place, but also making each picture artistically filled. After all, life itself throws up stories that you want to sing in monochrome or color: the touching fragility of the bride, the insecurity of the newborn, the beauty of the native land, wisdom reflected in the eyes surrounded by wrinkles, the play of sunlight on the wooden floor ...
It is probably impossible to say exactly how many species there are, and Examples of works by the best photographers often combine several directions, combining techniques that are completely different types shooting. And, nevertheless, among the whole variety of styles, several of the most popular can be distinguished.
Reportage
With the emergence of new trends in the art of photography, the classics do not lose their relevance. This kind of photography, as a reportage, will probably always be relevant. Photojournalists have always been and will be where the most fateful events take place, so that the entire planet can learn about them in a timely manner. Reportage photography, like journalism in general, can also be subdivided into subspecies, depending on the subject of photography.
The most common type of photography here is news photography, reflecting current events in the world. Among those who cover the news, military correspondents are a little aloof, because their work is full of dangers and risks, and what not everyone can handle often gets into the lens of their cameras.
All subspecies have one thing in common - impartiality, atmosphere, the need to maintain maximum objectivity.
Wedding
Once upon a time, a wedding photo session could well be attributed to reportage photography. Today this type of photography has been completely modernized. Modern newlyweds pay Special attention the first - a wedding photo album. Quite often a whole team of professionals is working on it. The task of a wedding photographer is to notice and reflect the depth of feelings that lies in two hearts. Therefore, such trifles as clenched fingers, fluttering eyelashes, worried glances often fall into his frame ... And how eloquent are the goosebumps!
A true professional will definitely notice everything important, while not forgetting about the main thing. After all, in no case should he miss the unique moments of painting in the registration book, putting on rings, and the first marital kiss.
Children in the frame
It is not known exactly how many types and genres of photography there are, but children's photosets can be safely called one of the most popular. It would seem, what could be simpler? Brightly dressed models with funny curls do not need the services of make-up artists, costume designers and decorators. The charm of childhood just asks for a shot! And even professional models can envy the variety of emotions that only kids are capable of. However, this type of photography requires more skill from the photographer than any other type and genre of photography. WITH illustrative examples impudent childish posturing or, conversely, a stubborn unwillingness to pose, is familiar, probably, to everyone who has tried at least once to capture his own child on camera. Therefore, professionals often use various means to find common language with small models: Turns on the right music, lets you play with props, treats you to sweets, and decorates the lens and camera with funny faces and animals. But what can I say, even if the well-known supposedly flying out bird was invented many years ago in order to attract baby attention to the lens!
But those who managed to reach mutual understanding with the kids are well aware of how grateful this audience can be. Children are beautiful in their spontaneity, interesting in themselves, therefore their photographs - dirty, playing, disheveled, crying and laughing - often look like illustrations for good old fairy tales.
Love story
New types of photography are also gaining popularity. An example of this is Love story captured on film love stories. As props, cute trinkets are often used that are important for two lovers: notes, plush toys, seashells picked up on the beach, discs with special songs ...
Items that have become common for two help to emphasize the mood, for example, paired jewelry or two tubes stuck in one glass.
Landscape photography
Such types of photographs as a landscape will never lose their relevance ... The plot is provided by nature itself, and the horizon of a tropical island and the usual view from the balcony can become a source of inspiration. Here, perhaps, like in no other genre, work with light is important - so that the sky does not lose depth, so that bright sun rays do not give too harsh shadows, so that not a single detail escapes ...
A subtype of landscape photography can be called travel shots, which will subsequently take their place in a travel album, helping to preserve memories of inaccessible mountains, gentle sea, and distant shores.
Still life
Once upon a time, this type of photography could be called almost educational. They resorted to it mainly to hone the skill of composing a composition and working with shadows.
Today this type is extremely popular not only among photographers, but also among those who create handmade masterpieces. Craftsmen strive to present their goods the best way resorting to the help of professionals.
Fauna in the lens of a photographer
Human-animal friendship attracts keen eye a photographer a long time ago. Animals often pose with pleasure.
In addition, it is not uncommon for cute fluffy faces to penetrate into other types and genres of modern photography, for example, in portrait photography. And if a few years ago 99% of the popularity belonged to cats, today at the works of masters you can often see such exotic things as snakes, iguanas, scorpions, owls.
Attracted by photographers and dogs. For example, the northern beauties of huskies, Samoyeds and Malamutes, possessing absolutely incredible facial expressions.
Thematic sets
One more the new kind photographs - thematic shooting. Here the photographer can show his talent from all sides. He cannot do without decorations and props. The idea is to create a series of pictures that share a common plot. Often, the basis is a famous fairy tale, movie, history. Models can try on completely incredible roles: The Mad Hatter and Alice, Vakula and Oksana, Snow White and the dwarfs ...
Themed photography techniques often penetrate into other types of photography: nursery, wedding, and portrait photography. An indicator of special skill here is one's own vision, an unusual interpretation, and not a simple illustration of the plot.
Surrealism
Not so long ago, the types and genres of modern photography were replenished with a completely extraordinary direction. It's about surrealism. Many fans of this art call it not just photography, but the creation of new worlds. Of the craftsmen working in Russia today, Oleg Oprisko occupies a special place. He managed to create his own kinds of photographs. Examples of Oleg's work allow you to see familiar things in an incredible, magical perspective.
No less famous photographer Katya Plotnikova, who also works in this genre. From her works incredible fairies and outlandish animals look at us.
High and low key
These types of photography (photographs) are presented mainly in portrait and subject genres. Rather, high and low keys can be called photographing techniques, and not types of shooting, however, most experts consider them a special direction in photography. When working in this genre, the master focuses on working with light and shadow. Shooting in low and high key is carried out in a special studio equipped not only with lighting devices, but also with special reflective screens.
High key implies special color scheme snapshot. Its main tone is white, and the dark areas, in the language of professionals, are within the second stage of the light gray color of the seven-step density scale.
The low key, on the other hand, glorifies deep black. Only that part of the image that carries the main semantic load remains highlighted to light gray.
Macro world
Such genres of photography (with examples of photos), such as macro photography, can mislead the layman with their uniqueness. Sometimes it is difficult to understand what is shown in the picture: the delta of a huge river or the circulatory system of a newborn, scraps of ripening fields from a bird's eye view, or a pattern on the wing of a moth?
For macro photography, special lenses with magnifying lenses are used. The skill of the photographer, who has managed to discern the smallest, allows the common man to see what is often hidden from his sight.
Astrophotography
At all times, the starry sky attracted people! Not surprisingly, it often finds its way into camera lenses. And unusual celestial phenomena such as eclipses, the arrival of comets and asteroids, the special color of the moon and incredible brightness Milky way, certainly do not leave indifferent fans of astrophotography.
Nude
Some types of modern photography have their origins in ancient times. Talking about shooting in the style of "nude", one cannot but recall the great artists of the past centuries, who glorified the natural beauty of the human body. In a broad sense, the main subject of photography in this genre is the nude body. However, many masters often cover up the nakedness of models with draperies and translucent veils, curtains, screens, thus leaving some kind of understatement and intrigue in the picture.
This genre is special. In it, like in no other, it is necessary to feel the line between art and vulgarity.
Street photo
Speaking about what types of photography there are, it is worth mentioning another unusual genre. It's about street photography. This direction appeared quite a long time ago, more than a century ago. Street photography ideologists call this genre the most sincere and reliable, and the work of a photographer here requires special skill. After all, it is designed only to follow the life of the city, to notice the most interesting and bright moments, to discover unusual images.
Street photography tells us not only about the characters, but also about their life in the environment. Everything is important here - buildings and trees, birds and trash cans, umbrellas over cafe tables, rushing taxis, street vendors ...
Photography and its perspectives
Contemporary art lives a special life, absorbing and reflecting all aspects of the surrounding life. Types and genres of photography are replenished with new directions and trends every day, complementing each other. The development of technology allows not only to get acquainted with creativity the best masters the world, but also to use the achievements of science for their own creative needs. The production of photographic equipment, optics, lighting fixtures... In the arsenal of the modern photographer, there are many programs for processing and editing images. All this greatly expands human capabilities and allows every photography enthusiast to find his own path in art.
Photography today is more than just a way to capture an important moment in life. Thanks to the huge amount of technology high class and special programs, everyone got the opportunity to make filming their hobby. Art photography as an art form is quite versatile. Even a beginner will be able to show imagination at his pleasure. Moreover, everyone will find their favorite genre.
A bit of history
Today, every home has a digital camera. Yet a hundred years ago photography was a real luxury. Few people know that an ordinary snapshot is an image painted with light. This unique discovery came from several scientists. Before photography appeared in the form in which many know it, a lot of work was done. The history of photography is interesting and exciting.
Attempts to obtain photographs were recorded as early as the 17th century. But they cannot be called successful. Art photography dates back to 1839. For the first time, the French scientist Louis Daguerre managed to obtain a clear image of a person. In this case, the exposure time did not exceed a minute. Since then, photography has been improved many times. Today we have the opportunity to create real masterpieces with minimum costs time.
How do I create a unique snapshot?
Anyone can take a camera and take pictures of everything without preliminary settings. In this case, you will most likely not be able to get a beautiful picture. For those who want to become a real photographer, first of all, you should learn how to correctly select the content of the frame. The light must be selected correctly, the lens must be adjusted. These rules are the same for any technique, regardless of whether you have to shoot with the old Zenith or the latest digital camera.
It is impossible to become a professional photographer from the very first days. You will have to take a huge number of pictures before a real masterpiece is born. In this regard, digital technology has many advantages. An unsuccessful frame can be deleted at any time. Every novice photographer should select for himself the genres of photography art, which he will pay attention to in the first place. To become a professional, you must not be sprayed. It is rare to find a specialist who would be well versed in all branches of a particular field of activity.
Portrait
Portrait photography was born when people learned to take the first pictures. Here, artists tried to repeat the images of painting. The first portraits were quite expensive. Only aristocrats could afford them. They took pictures both independently and with their family members. Some old photographs have survived to this day and are now in museums around the world.
A portrait is not just about a face. If a person is depicted at full height, this is also considered a portrait shooting. Any school of photography primarily includes this genre in its course. Models can be filmed both outdoors and indoors. It is important to
the main emphasis fell on the person. No details should distract attention.
We should also mention studio shooting. This kind portrait photography is relatively young. Previously, stars were shot in this way for fashion magazines. Today everyone can please themselves with a photo session in the studio. In this case, artistic photography consists in correct selection background and lighting arrangement.
Still life
This genre of photography also evolved from painting. The artists depicted beautifully laid out fruits and vegetables in their paintings. The image was supplemented beautiful fabric and utensils. As soon as the first school of photography appeared, still life began to enjoy popularity. From the French "nature morte" literally means " inanimate nature». Professional photographers, like artists, are able to beautifully convey to the viewer the meaning of the existence of certain inanimate objects.
For a long time still life belonged to an unclaimed genre. The technique and art of photography were taught in schools for informational purposes only. With development information technologies still life has become very popular. With its help, photographers hone their professional skills. Besides, how can you remember an online store without product photos? After all, the image of this or that product is a still life.
Today still life takes one of the first places among all genres. The history of photography tells us that the emotional power of images of objects was previously not inferior to portrait photographs. At the moment, this trend has been lost. But without a still life, the existence of online stores would be impossible.
Landscape
The classic genre that involves shooting nature is called a landscape. This branch of the photography industry can be called the most emotional. It is from nature that every novice photographer can draw inspiration. And some of the pictures are so amazing that it's hard to take your eyes off them.
It is difficult for a beginner to master the landscape from the very first days. Everyone can take photos of the landscape. But the point is not to capture the moment. The state of mind of the photographer should be conveyed through the image. The process of finding a good shot can be complicated by various natural phenomena. Unlike in a studio, outdoor work can be disturbed by bright sun, precipitation or strong winds. Sometimes a photographer has to work for weeks to get a really worthwhile shot.
Architecture
Like previous genres of photography, architecture was born almost immediately. There is a huge resemblance to the landscape. The only difference is that the objects are various buildings and structures. There are also distinctive features... Great attention is paid to the right choice shooting points. The most profitable way to rent a building is from a hill. For example, one house can be photographed from the roof of another.
Architecture is one of the more complex genres. Finding the desired position is often made difficult by traffic and weather conditions... In addition, it is not always possible to convey detail through the camera lens. An expensive technique is needed to photograph architecture.
Sequential shooting
Today this genre is quite widespread. And reportage photography began to enjoy popularity only in the second half of the 20th century. Few people know that pictures of various events and holidays are a reportage.
It is believed that the photographer is simply filming this or that event. In fact, reportage is an opportunity to convey not only the essence of certain actions, but also the attitude towards them. If we consider different genres of photography, then the reportage most accurately conveys the character of the photographer, his emotional state and professionalism. If a protest is being filmed, for example, the photographer is able to show both sides in a positive light. An objective view of things is one of the most important character traits that a real photojournalist should have.
Household or genre photographs
Transfer using the camera Everyday life refers to genre photography. Quite often, the images are documentary. Genre photos are inherently very similar to reportage ones. A professional must convey life exactly as it is. The photo may show children playing, a grandmother cleaning the yard, a beggar begging for alms, etc.
The difference between genre photography is the ability to convey the emotional state of not only the photographer, but also the subjects themselves. You can see joy, tears, disappointment and anger in the picture. It can be both street photography and indoor photography.
Interior photography
Today one cannot do without this genre of photography, although it is quite young. Already finished interior created by professional designer, has its own emotional load. In this case, the task of the photographer is to convey the idea completely without distortion. Interior photography is closely related to design. No professional could create a portfolio of their work without the help of an experienced photographer.
Angle is of the utmost importance in portrait photography. The correct point determines how the room will look in the picture. In addition, one element allows you to brighten up the entire space. Therefore, the photographer should pay special attention to the most beneficial interior details.
Reproduction
This genre of photography is not artistic. Despite this, he has essential... There are a huge number of scanners with different technical characteristics... But the photographer will be able to convey the essence of the picture more correctly. In addition, many old images require special treatment. Do not touch the paint again. Photography is the ability to accurately transfer an image onto paper. And some pictures are made with such high quality that it can be quite difficult to distinguish the photo from the original.
Nude photography
The nude human body is a popular subject of photography today. In fact, this genre originated a long time ago. Everyone knows that artists loved to portray their women without clothes. As soon as the first artistic photographic portrait appeared, the nude style was born. This genre has occupied one of the most important places for many centuries.
Most often, girls are the objects of photography. It can be either street photography or studio photography. The naked body in the pictures can only cause positive emotions... No anger or disgust.
Nu style is often intertwined with everyday photography. These genres of photography coexist perfectly. For example, a naked girl may be depicted going about her daily activities or sunbathing on the beach.
Avant-garde
As with any other area of life, you can find a non-standard approach to photography. Avant-garde is a special genre of photography. It is characterized by going beyond conventional aesthetics. To achieve his goals, the photographer can use the most non-standard means.
The avant-garde does not have any specific features like other genres of photography. Therefore, the professionalism of the picture is often difficult to track. The photographer can depict a "second reality" that has nothing to do with the real world. The subject of shooting in this case can be people, animals, household items and plants. And they will be depicted in an unusual form for others.
Macro photography
This genre is very popular among novice photographers. It provides for obtaining an image at a certain scale. Many people consider macro photography as an opportunity to photograph close to the subject. But it is not so. A high-quality picture can be obtained with special lenses. The technique for transferring objects on a large scale is quite expensive.
Macro photography allows you to capture the life of insects, small animals, as well as microorganisms. Even a mosquito or a flea can be photographed with an expensive lens.
Non-standard genres of photography
There are types of filming that are not generally accepted in professional circles. First of all, they include a self-portrait. Not a single photographer will be able to shoot himself qualitatively. This genre is more suitable for amateurs. With the development of information technology, self-portrait began to enjoy immense popularity. At the same time, in order to create a picture, a regular mobile phone is most often used.
You can also shoot landscapes with your smartphone. The photos come out pretty good for a home album. High-quality professional images must be created using the appropriate technique, which is not cheap. It is still advisable to start acquaintance with photography with a semi-professional SLR camera from the middle price category. Such equipment allows a novice photographer to get an idea of the genres of photography, and also learn the basics.
One of the most serious and responsible genres in photography is art photography... Shooting, processing and decoration of artistic photographs is considered a rather complicated process, but the masters of the Fotosharm studio do it perfectly well. In our own studio, you can create unique pictures with your participation. We will be happy to help you choose a style, outfit, composition, our photographers and stylists do their job flawlessly, which is confirmed by numerous reviews of satisfied customers.
It is not difficult to make art photography in Moscow, in our city there are many workshops offering such services, but it is the Fotosharm studio that offers these services at the lowest prices, while the quality of the finished photos is in no way inferior to the rest. Our studio makes beautiful art photographs of girls, boys, pregnant women and children. We do not dwell on one thing; people of absolutely any age, both men and women, can come to us. We select an image for each person, taking into account individuality and personal wishes. In addition to studio shooting, we can do art photo in Moscow on the street or in a park, that is, in an open space.
Our studio is engaged in the creation of staged art photographs not only for individuals, but also during the holidays. One of the most popular types of photography is artistic wedding photography. In order to take a unique photograph, we:
- we create the appropriate atmosphere;
- coming up with a memorable plot;
- we provide costumes, accessories, various items that complement a particular image;
- we perform several staged scenes;
- we carry out a photo session in nature or against the backdrop of urban landscapes;
- we embody any ideas of our clients into reality.
Sometimes, young people want to dilute a large number of photos from their weddings with something interesting and unusual, and our salon is ready to help them with this. Various images, in which the groom, bride and guests are reincarnated, will give a lot of smiles and warm moments when viewing these photos.
A photographic portrait for men and women is far from just a photograph of a person. A high-quality portrait that can be done in our studio consists of many criteria, including: light, position of the body, head, eyes, composition, all this is taken into account by our masters and you will undoubtedly be surprised by the result. This portrait will take center stage on the wall of your living room or among other photographs. For any advice, please call the phones listed on the website or come to the address: Moscow, st. Butyrskaya, 8 (metro Savelovskaya). Everyone is happy to help you.
The first fixed image was taken in the year by the French Joseph Nicéphore Niepce, but it has not survived to this day. Therefore, the first photograph in history is considered to be the "view from the window" taken by Niepce in 1826 with the help of a tin plate covered with a thin layer of asphalt. lasted eight hours in bright sunlight... The advantage of the Niepce method was that the image was embossed (after etching the asphalt), and it could be easily reproduced in any number of copies.
Artists reacted to the invention of photography in different ways. The main stumbling block in the debate about the artistic nature of photography and the role of the photographer as an artist, creator of a work of art, has become an extraordinary accuracy in conveying details, an accuracy with which the most skillful painter could not compete. Some enthusiastically welcomed light painting, others, on the contrary, saw in the camera an object that impassively captures reality without any application of human hands. But at the dawn of its existence, photography did not pretend to be a work of art, and until the end of the 1840s one cannot speak of intentional photography.
3. Shooting of architectural structures
This is a genre of photography depicting buildings and their complexes, bridges, etc. As a rule, it aims to obtain a documentary photograph that creates the necessary representation of appearance the subject or its details. The most important is the choice of the shooting point in terms of height, distance and angle of view. This is what determines the overall composition of the frame, perspective, and the ratio of plans. In urban environments, in the absence of sufficient space, the choice of a is greatly facilitated by the use of a wide-angle or ultra-wide-angle lens.
5. Shooting sports and moving objects
A feature of such photographs is the speed of movement. It is important to show the dynamics of movement. Sports are photographed only with short exposures - no more than 1/100 sec, and often 1/500 - 1/1000 sec. Such shooting requires cameras equipped with fast shutters and fast lenses.
6. Filming children
There are slight similarities in photographing children and sports. This is impetuosity. Children do not sit still, so the most in an easy way is shooting children busy with something (watching a play, listening to a fairy tale, playing). At these moments, children do not focus their attention on an incomprehensible interesting "thing" near your face, they are absorbed. It's just a treasure trove of interesting expressions! :)
7. And finally - reportage shooting
This is the so-called method of capturing an event without interfering with its natural course. is a series of pictures taken during an event, when the photographer is limited by the time and scenario of what is happening. Thus, the reportage puts the photographer in a certain time frame and scenario. The reportage method of shooting excludes directing, although in some situations the photographer can provoke people or the situation a little. But this does not happen often - the art of reporting is that, without directing a shot, shoot it impromptu, in the course of the action, precisely finding a point, a plan, a moment.
In my opinion, the ideal photography of this genre is one that could illustrate any topic in the news under the heading “no comments”. The snapshot should all speak for itself.
Photo artists
People who are involved in staging artistic photographs are called photo artists.
He, unlike just a photographer, pays special attention to special means People who are involved in staging artistic photographs are called photo artists.
He, in contrast to a simple photographer, pays special attention to special means of production, applies certain techniques (choice of lighting, composition techniques, effector optics, post-production processing, etc.).
So - lighting
Photographers know that if the light source is behind it, the frame is flat. Ideal for, say, landscapes is light from the side (back-side or front-side).
If we talk about the shooting time, then ideally, of course, evening and morning. At this time, the light is softer and more diffused. When the sun is at its zenith, the color temperature is noticeably higher and its spectrum is dominated by blue and blue tones; in the morning and evening light, as mentioned above - yellow and orange, and in the shadows - from blue to blue.
Photo by Roger Fenton
Artists reacted differently to the invention of photography. The main stumbling block in the debate about the artistic nature of photography and the role of the photographer as an artist, creator of a work of art, has become an extraordinary accuracy in conveying details, an accuracy with which the most skillful painter could not compete. Some enthusiastically welcomed light painting, others, on the contrary, saw in the camera an object that impassively captures reality without any application of human hands. But at the dawn of its existence, photography did not pretend to be a work of art, and until the end of the 1840s one cannot speak of intentional photography.
However, the development of photographic techniques had a beneficial effect on the attitude of artists towards photography and the first attempts to create works of photographic art. Artistic circles reacted with approval to the appearance in the early 1840s of the techniques of I. Bayard and G. F. Talbot. Numerous photographic societies, organized in the 1850s by major English and French photographers, spearheaded the struggle for the art of photography. On the initiative of photographic societies, the first exhibitions devoted to photography were organized, and the first photographic magazines began to be published.
In 1851, the Heliographic Society was created in France, one of the founders of which was the painter E. Delacroix. Three years later, this association was transformed into the French Society of Photography, which still exists today. England made an invaluable contribution to the development of artistic photography, where the London Photographic Society was founded in 1853, and at about the same time the "For the High Art of Photography" movement arose. The contemporaries of this movement were the Pre-Raphaelites, who admired photography precisely because of its high accuracy, which at that time was considered a drawback in artistic photography.
Some artists are seriously interested in the novelty, and among them it is worth mentioning D. Ruskin, D. G. Rossetti, J. Ingres. True, then many did not have a trace of the initial admiration. For example, D. Ruskin, who highly appreciated the emergence of photography in the 1840s, wrote in his Lectures on Art in 1870: “... Photos are in no way superior to the fine arts in either quality or usefulness, because by definition art is“ human labor guided by human intent. ”
In the 19th century, art photography tried to imitate painting in the classical composition of landscapes, still lifes, and portraits; as well as painting, she drew inspiration from legends (for example, photographs of the Pre-Raphaelites and photographers close to them), created allegorical compositions (in this genre, the Englishman O. G. Reilander was especially successful). The imitation of painting in many ways served the photographers as a kind of protest against the direct recording of events, naturalistic copying of reality using photographic technology. Painting techniques have become a way for photography to achieve artistry, imagery of paintings.
By the mid-1920s, pictorial (painting, imitating painting) directions had exhausted their aesthetic potential. Gradually photography found its own expressive means: photomontage, invented back in 1851, made it possible to carry out the most bold ideas authors, and in the 20s of the XX century photographers began to actively experiment with angles.