The stress in the word should be put correctly. Correct stress in words. How to put stress correctly

dispensary

beet

apostrophe

newborn

PARTNER

pamper

blinds

calls

CRIMES

The stress in Russian, unlike, for example, French or Polish, is free. It can fall on any part of the word: be at its beginning, stem or end. Therefore, difficulties with its correct placement may be not only for those for whom Russian is a foreign language, but also for native speakers.

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Difficulties and annoying mistakes

Almost every person felt uncertain about how to correctly emphasize a particular word. V - words with a movable accent. This means that its arrangement can change when the word form changes.

Therefore, people often doubt how to pronounce correctly: from the airport or airport, catalog or catalog, cakes or cakes, to cork or cork - that is, to put an emphasis on the second or third syllable. Poured in words and will include on the end or on the basis? The list of doubts goes on.

A textbook example of a deep-seated error among the masses is collocation you pr A you who persist in saying you are right, or RINGS instead of calls... In an official speech, reports, etc. often instead of CONTRACT CAN Hear CONTRACT. You can make a list of “ office and stationery»Words that are incorrectly pronounced by quite literate people, moreover, in their own language. Errors are repeated, fixed and become typical.

Correct speech says a lot about degree of education of a person, professionalism, intelligence and personal qualities... How can you avoid annoying mistakes?

What to do?

How to put correctly stress in borrowed words x in languages ​​with static stress is easy to remember, since there is a single spelling rule. For example, in French, which have become part of our everyday life: blinds, chassis, coupe, - the stress always falls on the last syllable.

In Russian, there is a single rule about how to put stress in "difficult" words, absent. Of course, how to check for correct stress using orthoepic dictionary, everyone knows. For reference, both electronic and paper versions can be used. But not everyone knows that there are other methods. With their help, you can not only check word stress, but also to fix in memory correct pronunciation.

You can check the correct stress using the spelling dictionary.

Memory is different

Experts highlight different types memory. Each of them plays a role in the formation of human literacy:

1. Visual memory will help preserve the visual image. Correct stress, highlighted with a bright marker, will be remembered for sure. The list can be hung both at home and in the office.
2. Always putting emphasis correctly in "difficult" cases will help auditory memory... To do this, you need to say the words out loud several times or even sing them. The arrangement will "settle" in the memory. It's no coincidence that the lines of hits are so easy to remember.
3. Motor memory with the help of physical organs of speech will help to remember , how the correct stress is put in a particular case. The word must be clearly pronounced aloud several times. Muscle memory will retain the pattern of the movement made.

Attention! All methods of memorization are based on certain types human memory. Usually, each person has a particular type of memory. Therefore, it is important to know which memory you have most developed.

Memorization methods

Always in sight

Easier to memorize words with correct stress accompanied by funny pictures... They can be printed or drawn and kept in a conspicuous place.

Words with the correct stress of frequently used words business can be included in such a list and hung at your home or office:

• rolled O G;
• turn on AND T;
• virgins E blade;
• provide E reading;
• quart A l;
• move A secrecy;
• pri I AM v;
• wednesday A m;
• money A mi;
• Great Danes O R.

Before making a speech or a report, the owner of the list just has to run through the list with his eyes, and in the word he will include the stress on the last syllable and will remain in memory.

Correct stress in words.

Attention! Literate public speech with a well-thought-out logic of construction, correct pronunciation and intonation will make the desired impression on the audience.

Funny rhymes

Placement syllable accent very important for the formation of poetic rhyme. Therefore, rhyme can be used to determine the stress, which is the norm, in case of doubt. In most cases, rhyming verses will help determine the stress in words.

Funny memory rhymes – good way remember how to pronounce words that cause difficulty. For example:

• My blouse is off A, it turned out that it was not the same.
• I will go to Courchevel to eat shchav there E eh
• I drank in a hurry A doused with water A sit down!
• One who loves t O mouths, won't wear shorts!
• If you are with money A mi - let's go to Miami!
• I took into account our agreement and made up the Great Danes O R!
• Little came today I AM p, and yesterday the table came I AM R.
• Ouch! Just look: there is a graff on my wall AND ty!
• My ears are ringing or is someone ringing for me AND T?
• He got tired and sat down on a stump, tightened his rem E ny.

As you can see from the amusing rhymes, it is not at all difficult to determine the normative stress in "insidious" words. Similar poems for training memory can be found on the Internet, special literature, or come up with yourself. By this in an easy way memorization is often used by graduates when passing the Russian language.

Accents are a sore spot even for a literate person. The spelling of words can be memorized, memorized, memorized. At least there is time to "think". WITH oral speech, alas, such tricks will not work. We are talking about the most controversial stresses that seem to be making fun of us.

For those who are preparing for the main school exam

Right: quarter

We are forced to dispel one of the myths of the stress of the Russian language. From somewhere came the belief that if we are talking about part of the year, then there will be a quarter, and if about a part of the city - a quarter. In fact, this is not the case. Correctly pronounce "kvartal" with the stress on the last syllable in all its possible meanings.

Right: contract

Cold-bloodedly we cross out the option with the stress on the first syllable, although, of course, such stress is permissible in everyday speech. And this is not even a new norm of the last five to ten years, as many think. The variant "agreement" is also found in dictionaries of the last century. But we are in favor of literacy, which means that it is better (and necessary) to pronounce in any circumstances, even in an informal conversation, namely “agreement”.

Right: fetish

And let's add some fetish! The word came to us from the French language. Even if you only speak English, German or Esperanto, you must have heard out of your ears somewhere that in French the stress (mostly) falls on the last syllable. Fortunately, the original stress has survived. Why fortunately? Because we do not have to memorize another unplanned stress that does not correspond to the rules. The main thing to remember is that a fetish is something French. And right there, let us recall the common erroneous word "jAlyusi". The word is French, so the emphasis falls again on "and": blinds.

Right: religion

In the Constitution Russian Federation there are many useful articles that we should know. For example, article 28, which guarantees freedom of religion. Or is it religion? So you want to read your rights and stumble. In general, remember: we have freedom of religion. And only so.

Right: phenomenon

Here, as they say, everything is complicated. There are words that you just need to learn by heart. And a "phenomenon" from among them. Some dictionaries share the use of the word: “phenom” is an exclusively scientific term, and when we talk about something extraordinary or about someone with outstanding abilities, talents, then the options may be different - phenomEn. But still preferred option- with an emphasis on the second syllable, regardless of the meaning. Be a Phenomenon, use this word correctly.

Right: catalog

The age of catalogs with cosmetics and clothing has supplanted online shopping, but the problem with the pronunciation of the word remains. There are no stylistic differences. The only correct option in the past and today is the catalog.

Right: in airports

Avid and desperate travelers will not let you cheat: at the airport Ah is a common mistake among visitors to these places. You can, of course, prohibit anyone who mispronounces from crossing the threshold of the airport, but these are too harsh measures. Let's just remember. The word has about the same problem as the plural of "tortes" or "scarfs" (with "bantas" in the bargain). I really want to shift the emphasis on the last syllable, and many even do not deny themselves this. Not us! It is correct to speak at the airport, in the airports, and if we want to indicate our location inside, it will be at the airport U - with the letter "y" at the end, and even with an accent on it. However, about this "Mel" in detail.

Right: newborn

The case when ignoring the letter Y leads to an error. If it had been written, then the question - where to put the emphasis - would not arise. The only correct option: newborn.

Right: more beautiful

Compliments must be spoken correctly! And then suddenly you have a secret grammar-nazi in front of you. In the adjective "beautiful", the stress falls on the second syllable. The same stress is retained in its short forms and in comparative... So it's not that hard to remember. And do not forget that in writing there is no "prettier", and in speech it is better not to abuse the "y" at the end.

Right: simultaneously

Right: simultaneously

The adverb "simultaneously", like the adjective "simultaneous", is an amazing word in which the stress in modern Russian can fall on both the third and fourth syllables, that is, the options are equal. The playwright Yevgeny Grishkovets wrote about this in the play of the same name (and it is called "Simultaneously").

In the dictionary "Russian word stress" by M. V. Zarva, which is recommended for media workers, the right options is considered "simultaneously". The old dictionaries of Dahl and Dolopchev give the same variants. But already the modern Orthoepic Dictionary of the Russian Language and the Dictionary of the Difficulties of the Russian Language call permissible two forms of pronunciation - at the same time. The main thing is not simultaneously. Although if you have to choose, we still recommend "at the same time".

A.P. Chekhov once said splendidly: "In fact, for an intelligent person to speak badly should be considered as indecent as not being able to read and write." And one cannot but agree with this. A person learns to speak from the first days of his life: first he isolates his name from the general cacophony of surrounding sounds, then the words that are pronounced most often. Later, the child begins to reproduce words, repeating them exactly as he hears from loved ones.

But, unfortunately, not everything that we learn from others corresponds to the norms of our native language! Science is intended to help understand the rules of pronunciation orthoepy(greek orthós- "correct" and épos- "word"), one of the sections of which is the study of the arrangement of stress in Russian speech.

Words to remember with stress

Look into the spelling dictionary, and you will be surprised to find out how many mistakes we all make in our everyday speech! Here and there we hear ugly every day: “n O nyala "," vz I AM la "," sn I AM la ".

But, after all, you just need to remember one simple rule: In feminine verbs in the past tense, the ending -а becomes stressed... Memorize and enjoy the correct pronunciation of words such as: understood A, stripped off A, took A, lied A, lied A, waited A, drove A, took A, called A .

There are not so many exceptions to remember: Art A la, sl A la cr A la, cl A la and all words with a prefix you-(you drink - in NS saw, in NS whip - in NS zero).

Another pitfall is the use of plural nouns. Here, a mistake lies in wait for us even at the stage of the formation of the plural. For some reason, many people turn the word "dog O p "in" contract A", And" professor "and" doctor "turn into monstrous" professor A"And" doctor A". In fact, everything " easier than a steamed turnip»:

1. Most masculine plural nouns end in -ы.
2. The ending is always unstressed!

Do you remember? Now you should have no problem with words like: aerop O rt - aerop O mouths, prof E quarrel - prof E quarrels, d O ktor - d O ctor, bow - b A nty, scarf - w A RF, Great Danes O p - Great Danes O ry, lift - l AND ft, cake - t O mouths, buhg A lter - buhg A lters

We are all proud that the Russian language is rightfully considered one of the richest languages ​​in the world. But penetration into speech foreign words- the phenomenon is inevitable and quite natural. Few people know that in true Russian there are no words starting with the letter " A «.

Most words starting with the first letter of the alphabet AND that has Greek origin, and some came to us from Turkic (for example: watermelon, arshin, argamak). The fashion for the use of the French language among the upper classes, which began during the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna and ended during the period Napoleonic Wars, has enriched our speech with a huge number of gallicisms.

The current generation is observing how the Russian language is actively enriched with words of English-speaking origin. Alien words that have settled in our dictionaries, for the most part, retain the stress in their usual place.

So for French borrowings, the stress falls on the last syllable, for Latin - on the penultimate. It is best to check the correctness of stress in words of foreign origin using dictionaries, but those words that are tightly included in our everyday life must be remembered: the alphabet AND t, apost O f, def AND with, blind AND , rolled O g, necrol O g, quart A l, part E p, esp E rt, fet AND w, f O rzats, fax AND mile.

You should also remember the norms for setting stress in the following adjectives: Have honny, sl AND new, gr Have shevy, ukraine AND nskiy, mosaic AND chny, wholesale O oh, a long time ago AND shny.

The most popular words with stress in the Olympiads

Learning how to place the stress correctly can be fun. Often, knowledge of the rules of the Russian language is not enough. Many accents only need to be memorized by referring to special spelling dictionaries.

When preparing high school students for passing the exam usually asked to study up to 500 of the most common word forms, which can cause difficulties with correct setting accents, but their number is not limited to this. The study of stress norms is a laborious process, but the result can exceed all expectations: our speech will not be full of illiterate I AM la "," pr O cents "," contract A", Which means that we will not be ashamed in front of the classics of Russian literature.

In many words. But do not despair: there is something to strive for.

For a start, a little bit of theory. The difficulty in correctness lies, I repeat, in the absence of uniform rules. There are cases when it depends on the meaning. When declension or conjugation of words, the stress can move - this also complicates the correctness of its formulation. In most cases, you just need to remember it, and if difficulties arise, you should contact spelling dictionary... I will try to partially fulfill its function.

Let's start with the most simple words, which we constantly hear and ourselves regularly use in speech: contract, catalog, quarter, store, medium, shoe.
Photo: pixabay.com

As mentioned above, it is necessary not to be mistaken with the stress in the case of declension of words: for example, volka, thief.

When stating words in plural the stress often changes: director A, lace, orphans. But: AIRPORTS, CONTRACTS, ACCOUNTING.

For the convenience of memorizing the listed words, I will highlight in separate groups falling nouns on the first syllable:

• genesis, dogma, knowledge, spark, icon painting, compass, marketing, phOrzats;

and on the last syllable:

• apostrophe, dispensary, bustard, blinds, vent, kilometer, flint, koklyush, stolYar, christian, chassI.

Nouns with a different emphasis that are not included in the two upper groups, I will indicate here: religion, nap, pullover, rozhEnitsa, fairy.

Photo: pixabay.com

Separately, I will note the "vegetable" nouns: rubber, rhubar, sorrel, but fir, beet; and adjectives: grosh, slav, but cedar.

Undoubtedly, in the formulation of stress in other adjectives, mistakes also often occur: erbovy, wholesale, port, soil, price.

About short forms Let's not forget too: deafs, gORs, rare, but rude, bright, friendly.

We will also not disregard the participles and other parts of speech, their forms: breathing, enviable, toothed, more beautiful, mosaic, newborn, great-grandfather, arriving, accepting, discerning, small, Ukrainian.

Photo: pixabay.com

I would also like to single out separately the so-called "wires" and "wires": a water pipeline, a gas pipeline, a garbage pipeline, an oil pipeline, an overpass, but an electric pipeline. In this case, it is important to understand the meaning of the word.

I will be a little original and mark separately a group of words that would be useful for use in any entertainment facility, using the example of the following text.

Photo: pixabay.com

This girl loved to spend her leisure time in this bar. As soon as she sat down at a table, next to which a young couple was fighting nicely, the barman put in front of her as usual: a plate on which there were digested potatoes, a scrap of bread and barrel beer in decorative dishes, being able to immediately unleash her skillfully. To the girl's question, he, without hesitation, replied: "The dancer will be able to arrive only in the morning." A few hours later, she borrowed some money and sent the man sitting at the next table to choose for her best cakes this institution. The girl believed that her years were not lived in vain.

Words with a "controversial" accent that will work for the lexicon of a lawyer, I have collected in the following text.

It was necessary to notify the plaintiff about the supremacy of the international agreement. In the course of the proceedings, the evidence base against the defendant was strengthened. In particular, it became known that the concentration of illegally obtained monetary resources was created by him in order to reward the activities of his employees. It was also decided to compel the defendant to testify, for this it was necessary to mention criminal liability for refusing to give them. They accepted the petition of the witness, for the preparation of which he needed to deepen his knowledge of jurisprudence.

There are also words that can be accentuated according to your choice, for example: tworog or curd, extended or extended (nails, but not extended in any way), given or given.

We simply memorize the presented examples of the correctness of the stress in words, and for others, we refer to the orthoepic dictionary and also memorize.