Almost every master has an electric jigsaw (jigsaw). After all, wood is the most convenient material for home crafts. However, today the jigsaw is not the only one in the teeth, and the secret of new opportunities lies in the saw blades - jigsaw files. In this article, we will introduce you to the saw blade standards and their areas of application.
The modern craftsman makes high demands on the tool with which he works. He is interested in productivity, geometric accuracy of the cut, as well as the end result - the quality of the cutting line. To choose the right file for your jigsaw, you must take into account a number of criteria: the material to be processed; the pitch of the saw teeth and their shape; shank type; the width and thickness of the saw blade, as well as the material from which it is made.
Processed material
Different materials create different strength cutting resistance. Therefore, for each of them, the optimal strength and geometric characteristics of the saw blade have been developed. So the first search criterion is by destination. There are files for wood and for metal, for wood with the inclusion of metal, as well as many types of files special purpose- for stainless steel, abrasive materials, laminates, ceramics, cement, for various types of plastics and fibrous materials.
Tooth shape
According to the shape of the teeth, the saw blades can be conditionally divided into four types, which are schematically shown in the figure. The possibilities of the file depend on the size and shape of the blade and the size of the teeth. The large number of fine teeth ensures accurate sawing, but the work progresses slowly. The small number of coarse teeth results in a fast but coarse cut. The geometry of the tooth is largely determined by the saw blade technology.
Saw blade geometry
The teeth are milled, set. The teeth are alternately bent in different directions. The width of the run is considered normal if it is equal to one and a half of the thickness of the web. The setting prevents excessive heating of the saw blade and helps to remove sawdust trapped between the saw and the kerf. Used to quickly cut hard and soft wood, non-ferrous metals and plastics.
The teeth are milled, wavy. Cloth The spreading is performed not through one tooth, but in groups deviating from right to left. The saw blade is designed for a straight and clean cut when cutting in a straight line on aluminum, non-ferrous metals and plastics.
The teeth are ground, with conical ground. Conical saw blade for non-cutting edge for clean cuts in wood and plastics.
The teeth are ground, set. Saw blade for fast cutting of wood with a coarse cutting line. Used for cutting soft wood(5-50 mm), blockboard, chipboard and fiberboard.
Tooth pitch
In our country, step (t) is the distance between the tops of the teeth. In some countries, the pitch is designated TPI (teeth per inch) and is measured by the number of teeth per inch (for example, TPI = 7, i.e. 7 teeth per inch). When cross-cutting wood, it is convenient to use a saw with a large tooth t = 3.5-6.5 mm (TPI = 7-3.5), in ordinary carpentry work - with an average tooth t = 3-3.5 mm (TPI = 9 -7), for critical sawing - with a fine tooth t = 2-3 mm (TPI = 13-9). In this case, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the material to be cut. Sawing is easier if at least 5-8 teeth are involved in the work at the same time. If this rule is not followed, the blade will vibrate during operation, and the cutting line will turn out to be crooked and torn.
Saw blade width
The width of the saw blade determines the quality and speed of cutting when moving in a straight line, as well as the ability to cut curves. The wider the saw blade, the more stable it is: it allows a high cutting speed and deviates less from the cutting plane. Use narrower saw blades to cut curved lines because they fit better into curves. It is important that the teeth of such a saw blade are located on the jigsaw drive axis. This increases the controllability of the tool: it can more accurately follow the intended cutting line.
File thickness
The thickness of the saw blade affects the stability of the saw blade when cutting in a straight line and ensures that the cut is perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece. However, it is better to use circular saws for cutting thick workpieces that require high accuracy of the relative position of surfaces.
Saw blades for sawing wood
Below are the saw blades for wood from Wilpu. The numbers in brackets indicate the corresponding Bosch counterpart. 
Precise cut, also suitable for plastic. High carbon steel saw blade with pointed teeth and tapered grinding. Provides a clean cut in softwood and chipboard up to 30 mm thick, as well as in plastics. (Wilpu НС 12 / Bosch Т101 В)
Bi-metal saw blade. The bimetallic saw blade is very durable, made by laser welding: the rear part is made of flexible high-carbon steel, the cutting part is made of high-quality high-speed steel (HC 12 bi / T101BF)
Saw blade with reverse system teeth. Reverse teeth ensure the saw blade cuts in reverse. At the same time, the visible cutting line remains clean and free of chips. Scope - veneered boards (HC 12 R / T101BR)
Clean line for curved cuts. When the saw blade width is halved, the teeth are located on the longitudinal axis of the jigsaw. With the help of such a blade, you can cut along a very steep curve, as well as in a circle (HC 12 K / T101 AO)
Saw blades for floor coverings... Special saw blade designed for materials such as laminate and parquet, the teeth are directed in the opposite direction and the distance between the teeth is less than with traditional saws (HC 19 R bi / T101 BIF)
Wood sawing expert. New generation of saw blades: teeth with special geometry and triple sharpening. Very spicy! (NS 123 / T234 X)
The universal saw blade. A saw blade for all occasions: this universal tool for rough and fast cutting of wood up to 5 cm thick. The saw is made of high-carbon steel, the teeth are set and ground. Cuts quickly and cleanly (HGS 14 / T144D)
Saw blades for wood up to 120 mm thick. The geometry of the teeth is the same as the universal saw blade, however, the blade length is 155 mm. This saw can be used to cut a bar with a thickness of 120-130 mm (HGS 54 / T744D)
Specialized saw blades
If there is a need to cut materials such as glass, stone or metal, you will need special saw blades with the appropriate characteristics. Obviously, the saw teeth must be harder than the material being cut. However, solid materials have big disadvantage: they are fragile, which causes frequent breakdown saw blades. For such cases, manufacturers produce bimetallic blades. They are 2/3 of resilient high carbon steel and one third of hardened high speed steel. These files provide an optimal price-quality ratio and quickly pay off due to their long service life.
Saw blade for softwood and insulating materials. These saw blades have a tooth pitch of 1.2 to 2 mm; with their help it is convenient to cut softwood, as well as various insulating materials (HW12 / T119A
File for sheet metal... For cutting thin sheet metal with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, saw blades with a small pitch and a corrugated blade are intended. Since the pitch is only 0.7 mm, a clean cut is obtained (MG107 / T118G)
File for plexiglass and metals. Plexiglass, polycarbonate, non-ferrous metals and aluminum up to 30 mm thick are not a problem if you use such a saw blade with a clearance angle and sharp teeth (MC 12 bi / T101A)
File for steel. A bimetal file with a corrugated blade is intended for cutting thin sheet metal, multilayer materials, pipes and aluminum profile(MG11 bi / T318AF)
File for multilayer materials. A special bimetallic blade is designed for cutting workpieces up to 120 mm thick, consisting of different materials (metal, insulating material). Highly flexible (MG 51 bi / T718HF)
File for wood with metal. This saw blade with a tooth spacing of 1.8 to 2.5 mm is intended for sawing wooden structural elements containing nails and other metal elements(MG 1014 bi / T111HF)
Saw blade with a special tooth system. Universal saw blade with special tooth system M-shaped... The saw blade quickly cuts material (wood and metal) when moving both forward and backward (ST-006 bi)
File for rubber, carpets and leather. The waved jigsaw file is designed for sawing materials such as cardboard, leather, rubber, expanded polystyrene up to 120 mm thick, as well as carpets (313 AW / T313AW)
Saw blade shanks
Suitable for tools: AEG, Bosch, Metabo
Suitable for tools: AEG, Atlas Copco, Bosch, Black & Decker, DeWalt, Elu, Festool, Flex, Hitachi, Holz-Her, Kress, Mafell, Makita, Metabo, Protool
Match instruments: Black & Decker, Skil, Ryobi
Match tools: Fein ASt (e) 636,638; MOt 6-17-1
Match instruments: Fein ASt (e) 649; MOt 6-18-1, Spitznas
Match tools: Makita
Jigsaw accessories
Leading toolmaker companies produce accessories for their power tools. Such nice additions include a device that prevents the top layer of material from chipping: it is mounted on a base plate. And the support panel itself can be made of different materials, which resists slipping when cutting.
It will not be superfluous in the workshop and a parallel stop, which provides cutting of the same type of rails; the distance between parallel lines can be varied up to 140 mm. And the circular cutter will provide the possibility of precise processing of radius surfaces. Additional equipment significantly expands the capabilities of the tools and gives a new impetus to creativity.
Several illustrative examples different work files
Cuts were made in the veneer panel using a saw blade with teeth pointing up (right) and using a saw blade with teeth pointing towards reverse side(left)
If you do not have a saw blade with the teeth pointing in the opposite direction when cutting a veneer panel, stick Tesa adhesive tape along the cutting line, this will help to get a clean edge.
With the help of a simple stop, consisting of a bar and two clamps, you get a precisely calibrated straight saw line.
Use the circular cutter for circular sawing.
It is just a DIYer's dream - a sawing table, for example from Neutechnik.
Special clamps will protect the panels being cut from monstrous cracks.
Description of jigsaw files
T 101 AO- Jigsaw blades BOSCH 101 AO are designed for working with soft wood, plywood, coated boards (1.5-15 mm), for curved cuts.
T 101 B- Jigsaw blades BOSCH T 101 B are designed to work with soft wood, chipboard, blockboards, fiberboard (3–30 mm), polymer / epoxy materials.
T 101 BR- The saw is used for working with soft wood, chipboard, fiberboard. Saw pitch - 2.5 mm, length - 75 mm.
T 101 D- The file is used for working with soft wood, fiberboard, chipboard. Saw pitch - 4.0 - 5.2 mm., Length - 74 mm.
T 127 D- Use these saws for cutting hollow profiles no more than 30mm with a metal thickness of 3mm to 15mm.
T 111 D- Usage: quick rough cut of plywood, plastic, wood 5-60mm thick.
T 244 D- The saw is used for making straight and curved cuts in soft wood, fiberboard, chipboard, plywood. Saw pitch - 4.0 - 5.2 mm., Length - 74 mm.
T 144 D- Jigsaw blades BOSCH T 144 D are designed for working with soft wood (5-50 mm), chipboard, blockboards, fiberboard
T 118 A- For straight cuts in thin sheet metal (1-3 mm).
T 118 B- For straight cuts in metal sheets of medium thickness (2.5-6 mm).
T 119 B- For straight cuts in softwood (2-15 mm), plywood, chipboard, blockboards, fiberboard.
T 119 BO- For curly cuts in softwood (2-15 mm), plywood, chipboard, blockboards, fiberboard.
T 111 C- For straight-line fast cuts in softwood (4-50 mm), chipboard, blockboards, fiberboard.
T 123 X- Usage: metal sheets with a thickness of 1.5-10mm, profiles and pipes (also made of aluminum) with a diameter of up to 30mm.
T 344 D- Usage: cutting softwood with a thickness of 10 - 85mm, blockboards, chipboard and fiberboard. Used for fast cuts.
T 301 CD- Usage: cutting softwood 10-85mm thick, blockboard, chipboard and fiberboard.
T 345 XF- Usage: construction wood with nails (less than 65 mm), plastic, sheet metal, wood materials, profiles and pipes (aluminum and not only) from 3 to 10 mm in diameter.
T 234 X- Usage: softwood 3-65mm thick, fiberboard, chipboard, blockboards.
T 318 A- Usage: metal sheets 1-3mm, profiles and pipes.
T 301 DL- Designed for fast, thin cuts in hard and soft wood, chipboard, fiberboard (10 to 85 mm thick), laminated plastic (4 to 40 mm thick).
Hitachi and Bosch saws
How to work with a jigsaw
Most of the work can be done with even the simplest models. But technology has stepped forward and such a tool has become more convenient and versatile. For a long time there have been hacksaws with electronic control and pendulum blade travel. Choosing the right jigsaw is complicated only by the abundance of proposals. Electronics and pendulum movement have become standard. Top Models have a simple and reliable saw blade replacement.
1.
The base plate of the jigsaw has a stepless tilt angle adjustment up to 45 °. Additional equipment allows you to make oblique cuts ("mustache").
2.
The base plate also moves in the longitudinal direction, which makes it possible to saw close to the edge, for example, when working directly against a wall.
3.
The jigsaw compass allows you to cut circles, large holes and make precise rounds. The basis of the compass is an adjustable bar.
4.
The rip fence is indispensable for long straight cuts. It is mounted on a support board. The stop has an adjustable stop for the distance from the edge of the part.
Features and equipment of the jigsaw
Thanks to the eccentric transmission of the hacksaw, the rotational movement of the motor is converted into a vertical stroke of the slider. The saw blade is installed in the slider. The frequency of the back and forth motion of the blade indicates the cutting speed. The speed can be electronically controlled. Wood is cut at a faster speed, plastic and metal at a slower rate.
If you want to achieve the best results and have a versatile tool, then it is better to buy an electronically controlled model and special blades. The pendulum motion allows the saw blade to move not only vertically, but also to move back. This ensures a better path of the blade into the material and the cutting speed is increased many times over.
The markings and the cut itself are always visible during work. The modern tool is already equipped with local blowing and dust extraction. The base plate in most models changes its angle to the canvas and allows you to make cuts with a "mustard", and if you move it back, you can work right along the edge.
5.
If the distance to the outer edge is too large or the edge is not parallel to the cut, then the stop bar in the desired position is fixed with a clamp on the part
6.
A special workbench fixes the jigsaw permanently, which allows you to cut small parts... They can also be led with parallel emphasis.
7.
An additional guide clasp makes it easier to guide thin fabrics. It can be equipped with its own web tensioner.
8.
The protective protector, pressing against the surface of the material at the cutting point, prevents the material from tearing off along the cutting edge.
Jigsaw guides and accessories
A jigsaw is a tool for free hand guidance, and in most cases this is how it is used. However, it is possible to make the job easier if long straight and round cuts are needed. A compass, rip fence and stop bar will solve the problem. Slow blade feed gives better results as it is flexible and prone to lateral slippage and texture following, especially in hard wood. The workpiece to be sawn is always secured. If the parts are so small that they cannot be secured, then the tool itself is permanently installed. The necessary tools are offered for this.
9.
Soft materials such as rubber, leather, styrofoam, and carpets don't cut, they cut special knives(often with a sawtooth blade).
10.
Even hard materials such as glass and ceramics will not make the jigsaw difficult. Use special carbide coated blades.
11.
To avoid scratching the surfaces, a plastic shoe is placed on the base plate. Self-adhesive felt will perform the same function.
12.
When finishing round cuts, the rasp and grinding attachments will help. Instead of a standard blade, they can be installed in a jigsaw.
Quality cuts
Saw blades in such a tool work in tension, which leads to their straightening and correct geometry cuts. But at the same time, the edges are obtained without chips only from the bottom. This must be taken into account when cutting furniture boards. Special canvases and experience will allow you to cope with this problem.
The teeth of a regular jigsaw blade look up, so the material breaks out when returned, which leads to chips on furniture boards. If the part has to be cut from the front side, then they put a special saw blade with reverse position teeth. In this case, the jigsaw is tightly pressed against the surface.
When it is not possible to cut from the back of the part, and chips along the edges cannot be avoided, gluing adhesive tape along the marking of the part will help. The tape will prevent large edge chips. After finishing work, it is carefully removed.
Http://remstd.ru/archives/kak-rabotat-elektrolobzikom/
What files exist for a jigsaw and how to choose the best option for a particular case, every craftsman who has this tool in his household should know.
There are many factors that influence the choice of a cutting blade: the material to be cut, its thickness and density, the required cut quality, etc. In order not to be mistaken when buying, you should consider specifications files, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of a particular model.
Cutting blade material
The first thing to look for when choosing a file is the material from which it is made. Each cutting blade from renowned manufacturers has its own markings. Knowing how to decipher it, you can easily determine whether the file is right for you for the upcoming work.
The marking indicating the material of manufacture of the canvas is as follows:
- HCS. Such files belong to the woodworking tool. They are made of high-carbon steel with ductility and resilience. They can cut wood, chipboard, plywood and plastic. When choosing such a canvas, one should pay attention not to its hardness, but to its flexibility.
- HSS. Hardened steel products that can be operated at high speeds. They are used for processing durable materials, including metals of various densities. Despite all its toughness, hardened steel is quite brittle and must be handled with great care.
- BIM. Bimetallic blades, which are made from a mixture of high-carbon and hardened steel, due to which they have all the advantages of the first two types. Depending on the shape and size of the teeth, they can be used for both wood and metal work.
- HIM. They are made of high-strength alloys, due to which they are characterized by high strength and rigidity. Mainly used for sawing ceramic tiles.
The color of the file can also indicate the material of manufacture and the purpose of the file:
- white (BIM) - for cutting wood and metal;
- gray (HCS or BIM) - for processing wood and materials based on it;
- blue (BIM or HSS) - for cutting metal;
- black (HIM) - for special tasks (sawing ceramic tiles, durable steel, etc.).
Jigsaw files marking
Saw blades designed for woodworking are marked with the letters HCS.
The tail of any jigsaw blade is marked with letters and numbers. The first is the letter "T" or "U", which denotes the type of attachment of the blade to the tool: T-shaped or U-shaped. It is followed by numbers indicating the length of the file:
- 1 - short canvas (up to 7.5 cm);
- 2 - standard cutting element (7.5-9.0 cm);
- 3 - extended file (9-15 cm);
- 7 - long file (more than 15 cm).
The longer the product, the thicker the workpiece can be cut with it.
After the numbers, there are again letters that indicate the size of the teeth:
- A - the smallest teeth (great for cutting laminate);
- B - larger teeth (used for processing wood, fiberboard, chipboard and plywood);
- C and D are the largest rough cut teeth.
Some manufacturers use two letters instead of one letter at the end (for example, T101BR). The second letter means:
- О - for curly cutting;
- R - with a reverse tooth (improves the cut quality);
- F - bimetallic products(considered the most durable and reliable);
- X - a universal blade (it can cut both wood and metal);
- P - thick files (used for corner cutting).
For example, the marking T118AF means that the selected model has a T-shaped mount and fine teeth, its length is up to 7.5 cm, and the material of manufacture is bimetal.
The choice of the file according to the purpose
When choosing a cutting blade for a jigsaw, you need to know what material it will work with. This tool is able to cut not only wood and materials based on it (chipboard, fiberboard, plywood, etc.), but also plastic, slate, brick, metal and even tiles. At the same time, for each material to be processed, there is its own type of saw, with which the jigsaw will work with the best efficiency. There are also universal cutting blades that are equally well suited for, for example, wood and metal.
Wood saws. Depending on the purpose, such products are divided into two groups:
- for fast cutting;
- for a clean cut.
If you are faced with the task of sawing a large amount of wood, while spending a minimum of time, then the best option would be a cutting blade with large teeth.
The larger the teeth, the faster the cut will go. However, with an increase in the speed of work, the cleanliness of the cut decreases, so here you have to choose between speed and quality.
If speed of work is in the first place, then the best option would be a canvas with the marking T101D. With it, you can quickly cut wood up to 7.5 cm thick, for thicker material you can purchase the T244D or T344D model.
For a clean cut good option is the file T101B. It is often used for professional purposes when assembling furniture and for other work that requires a high-quality cut. This product can also cut thick workpieces, but you will spend twice as much time on it than using, for example, the T244D model.
The canvas on the laminate. When laying the laminate, it is important that the cut is free of burrs. This can be achieved with the T101BR file, which is equipped with a reverse tooth. However, if you do not have this model at hand, and you need to cut the laminate with something, you can do with the usual T101B canvas. Only in this case, before starting work, it is recommended to paste over the place of the intended cut with ordinary tape, which will save the processed material from chips, burrs and other defects.
Metal saws. They have fine teeth and a blue tail. If you will work with metal 3 mm thick, buy the T118A file. It is also suitable for cutting plastic. For thicker material it is recommended to use a T123X cutting blade and T227D for aluminum.
Tile saws. Marked as T150RIFF or T130RIFF. Instead of teeth, carbide spraying acts as a cutting part. You need to know that using a jigsaw for cutting tiles is recommended only in extreme cases, since the work will be slow and dusty. For lack of specialized tool for cutting tiles, it is better to use a regular glass cutter.
Cutting blade shape
A certain shape of the teeth is suitable for various tasks, which differs not only in the type of sharpening, but also in the setting method:
- Milled set teeth. This blade is perfect for cutting wood. Divorce is carried out by analogy with a conventional hacksaw. This allows the kerf to be slightly widened, thereby preventing overheating and jamming of the tool in the thickness of the tree.
- Wave-set milled teeth. In this case, not a single, but a group setting is performed (for example, 4-6 teeth each). These saws are used for cutting metals.
- Ground teeth without setting. The best option for fine cutting. This blade allows you to achieve high quality cuts in wood, laminate and plastic.
- Set teeth with grinding. Such a product is used for fast cutting when there are no special requirements for the quality of the cut.
The jigsaw can be called a versatile tool that allows you to make straight and curved cuts in a variety of materials - from soft wood to steel and glass. It is worth noting that the tool itself is universal, but not its equipment: the cutting of each material is realized using a specific type of blade. However, in order to choose the right file, you need to find out what criteria to use during the selection. In this article we will talk about what jigsaw blades are, what types of jigsaw files are, and how to insert a file into a jigsaw.
Jigsaw blades types and features
If you walk into a store and say you need jigsaw saws, the seller will show you a variety of different options... They come in a variety of lengths, widths, and thicknesses, and have different tooth sizes and shank types.
Jigsaw blades, based on the material being processed, are classified into:
- jigsaw file for metal. Such blades are created from high-speed steel. They can cut different types metals, including aluminum and non-ferrous metals
- jigsaw file for wood. These files are most often made from high carbon steel or chrome vanadium steel. They are designed to work with soft varieties timber and wood-based panels
- files for glass and ceramics. These blades are made from an alloy of tungsten carbide, which has high strength. You need to purchase such a canvas if you need to implement a large amount of work using hand jigsaw e.g. with ceramic tiles
- universal files. They are made from high speed steel for sawing wood, metal and plastic materials.
By the type of operations performed, the files are divided into two categories:
- for straight cuts. These blades have a wide back, which makes it possible to guide it in a specific direction to obtain a straight cut
- for a curved cut. The back of such canvases is narrower than the shank, as a result of which it is easy to direct them in different directions. It turns out a smooth curly cut.
If you look closely at jigsaw blades, you can see that they have different set-ups and cutting edge geometries. The type of wiring depends not only on the cleanliness of the cut, but also on what material such a file can be used for. Allocate:
- milled with classic routing. The classic setting is teeth alternately bent in different directions, by analogy with a hand hacksaw. This type of setting reduces the heating of the saw during cutting, because the saw is practically frictionless in a fairly wide kerf. However, it will not be possible to get a neat cut, but the cutting speed is high. They cut with such files different varieties wood, plastic and non-ferrous metals
- milled with wavy routing. In such a file, the teeth are directed in groups of several pieces. It is noteworthy that each tooth has a different deviation from the central axis with its nearest neighbors. The cutting edge of the saw blade resembles a wave. The use of such a blade helps to carry out a clean cut in wood, chipboard or plywood, as well as in non-ferrous metal and plastic.
- ground with a classic layout. The teeth of these canvases are set apart and sanded. The cut with such files is quite wide. Such canvases help to quickly and fairly cleanly cut wood and its derivatives - chipboard, fiberboard
- with conical grinding without setting. The blades of such saws do not have a set of teeth, but their segments are ground, as a result of which a thin cutting line and an even cut are achieved. With the help of such files, you can gently saw wood, laminate, and polymer materials.
The most significant parameter for a file is the steel grade from which it is made. The files have the following markings:
Main characteristics
However, the high quality of steel is not a guarantee that the saw will cope with the tasks set. An important role is also played by:
- dimensions of workpieces. Before buying, you need to decide on the size of the workpieces to be sawn. For a bar with a cross section of 50X50mm and a furniture board, you should use different saws. For timber, saws with a working part size from 51 to 126 mm are suitable. While cutting sheet metal requires short blades (51mm), long saw blades (106mm) are more suitable for cutting pipes.
- type of cut. An important criterion for choosing a saw blade is the cutting geometry. The blade for a straight cut perfectly holds the direction, but it will not work to create even a small radius with it, because it has a wide back. For such work, a special thin SAW for curved cutting is perfect.
- cleanliness of the cut. The quality of the cut plays a very important role in the furniture making process.
- tooth shape. The cut quality indicator directly depends on the geometry of the tooth. The larger the pitch of the teeth, that is, the gap between neighboring peaks, the faster and rougher the line will be
- set of teeth. To give the blade more "space", its teeth must be parted. In this case, it will cut at a higher speed, but the cutting line will not be very accurate either.
- progressor files. Varying tooth size from shank to end is a sign of versatility. With an increase in the thickness of the processed material, more large teeth is connected to work.
Shank types
An important parameter in choosing a saw blade for a jigsaw is the type of its shank. There are such shanks:
Fastening jigsaw files
The accuracy of the device and the level of its performance directly depend on the features listed above. However, there are other factors on which the convenience of working with a jigsaw depends. In the process of working with a jigsaw, each master is faced with replacing the saw blade. The most common shank type is European or Boshev. It features a cross-shaped configuration. Such canvases can be bought in every store, this is their main feature.
Most often, there are such methods of fastening the canvas:
- frontal attachment to the jigsaw
- quick-clamping fastening in the jigsaw.
In more budget options a block, tightened with two screws, with a cut clamps the canvas. These screws are located in the frontal plane. This system has high compatibility, but is inferior in other parameters. For example, a crooked fastener can cause it to skew. If this happens, you need to carry out additional wedging. The impact of the saw on the workpiece with the butt end causes the front block to break in half or to break the screw threads. Such problems can arise with an illiterate handling of the tool.
The most convenient are jigsaws equipped with a quick-clamping system for the blade.
The essential difference from “conventional cartridges” is that there is no versatility. Only blades with the same shank are suitable, in addition there is a backlash. However, this often does not play a big role, because the choice of canvases is simply huge. since there are a huge number of canvases. The disadvantage of quick-release locks is the limited thickness of the canvases. It is quite easy to insert the blade in such jigsaws.
Fastening the blade in jigsaws with the method of fastening with locks implies the following sequence of work:
- open protective shield devices
- turn the lever on the rod to insert the blade
- after lowering the lever, you need to smoothly move the file into the clamp. However, it should be borne in mind that the file must have a thickness corresponding to the slot.
In order to insert the web into an apparatus with a screw fastening system, you need to do the following:
July 19The combination of accurate cutting of workpieces with a good working speed is possible only with the right choice of a cutting blade for each specific operation. When choosing files for a jigsaw, you need to understand their technical parameters and the key differences between them.
When purchasing consumable accessories for a jigsaw, they first study the marking of the product, then they look at the shape of the shank, the geometry of the blade, the type and size of the teeth.
Types of paintings - decoding of inscriptions
Some manufacturers use the European standard from Bosch to classify products, others indicate it in addition to their marking.
The inscriptions indicate the purpose of the file for any material:
- Wood - Medium density softwood and composite boards.
- Hardwood - laminated hardwood.
- Fiber, Plaster - fiberglass products.
- Acrylic - polycarbonate, plexiglass.
- Metal - galvanized profile, sheet metal, pipes.
- Inox - stainless steel.
- Alu is aluminum.
- Soft-material - cardboard, rubber, carpets, polystyrene.
Inscriptions indicating the grade of steel used in the manufacture:
- HSS is a high quality grade for fast cutting of hard materials.
- HCS - alloy steel for cutting wood and composites.
- Bi-Metal (BM) is a blade consisting of the previous two alloys and is suitable for most applications.
- HM - carbide-tipped file for cutting blocks and ceramics.
Marking specifying the type of work:
- Clean - for a clean cut.
- Basic is a common file suitable for a variety of tasks.
- Speed - for fast and straight cutting.
- Flexible - flexible metal file.
- Progressor is a versatile blade with teeth of different shapes.
- Special - canvas for plastic, ceramics or other specific materials.
Jigsaw blades for wood
Fast cutting of a bar or board, which does not require smooth edges, is performed with a long blade with large teeth, with a wide working part and a fair spread. Such a canvas is useful for construction work in which speed is important. For example, when breaking an old window or cutting battens.
It is better to cut along the fibers with a blade with oblique incisors, and across - with straight ones. A cut in a thick board will move less from the vertical if you use a file with large teeth without setting.
Saw blades for fine cutting of wood have small teeth and a small set. These canvases can be used to gently cut a furniture panel or parquet board. A minimum of chips on the laminated panel is ensured by jigsaw files, on which the cutters are located in two rows.
The blade with a reverse incline of the cutters cuts the material on the downward stroke of the pendulum, which allows you to mark and saw from the face surface. In fact, this is not very convenient - you have to hold the jigsaw harder, overcoming the pushing of the blade out of the cut line.
Figured cutting is performed with narrow saws with a semicircular back side. These blades have small teeth and a short length. They pass curved sections without chipping and easily turn in the cut.
Electric jigsaw blades for metal
For cutting profiles and sheet metal, there are blades with a wavy arrangement of teeth, reminiscent of hacksaw files for metal. Their incisors are small and separated in groups of several. Special bimetallic blades with large teeth in the middle part and small ones along the edges are used for cutting sandwich panels.
Files for polymers
Thin plastic, ebonite, plexiglass and textolite are cut with a cloth for metal. Thick plastic workpieces are cut with a saw in wood, turning off the jigsaw pendulum and setting low speed. A curvilinear cut of polymeric materials is performed with a narrow canvas for wood.
Window sills and PVC pipes are cut with a large-toothed file at a medium stroke rate or a fine-toothed file at a low speed, excluding material heating.
Special jigsaw blades
For cutting drywall and materials containing cement, blades with carbide tips are intended. They cut well thermal insulation mats... Sawing tiles or cutting fiberglass-reinforced plastic is possible with a blade without cutters, coated with a carbide compound. The jigsaw blade used for rubber, carpet, cardboard and similar soft materials is similar to the blade of a knife.
The length of the file is selected based on the thickness of the material being processed. The tip of the blade must always come out of the cut, regardless of the stroke of the pendulum.
In a home workshop, a set of 6-10 files is enough. To begin with, you can purchase an inexpensive set of canvases for various purposes and master the subtleties of work. Then, based on your experience, choose the right files for your jigsaw.