Our public learned about this disease relatively recently - and it was a real shock. Until now, most people do not understand the full depth of the problem and consider it the result of ordinary stupidity. In fact, it is a nervous disease that, without timely and proper treatment, leads to death.
Anorexia nervosa
The word "anorexia" literally means "lack of appetite". Moreover, the patient does not just "eat badly" - he avoids food, as something dangerous, extremely harmful. The purpose of this behavior is weight loss, fat loss. And beyond the goal of anorexic is beauty.
It should be clarified here that we can trace a similar scenario in hundreds of thousands of perfectly healthy people who simply monitor their appearance. Many of us periodically go on a diet, restrict ourselves in nutrition, trying to lose weight and become more beautiful.
But with anorexia, perception is impaired! The patient is not able to adequately assess his own condition: even with complete exhaustion, he notices "excess weight" on himself and tries to get rid of it. Easy to feel the difference in perception healthy person and a patient with anorexia: the latter admires himself, rejoices in what he has achieved and makes plans for future weight loss, and those around him, seeing him, experience horror, even disgust.
Since nutrition is the basis of the normal functioning of the body, nervous breakdown with anorexia, a metabolic disorder quickly joins. Soon, a person's health is completely undermined: he simply cannot eat normally, vital processes are interrupted or proceed pathologically.
The activity of the cardiovascular system is disrupted, hair falls out, the skin loses its tone, hormonal regulation is upset, the digestive system stops absorbing food. Women are disturbed menstrual cycle, reproductive function. At some point, these violations become irreversible.
How do people get anorexia?
Who is anorexic
It's wrong to think it's pure female disease. Although in most cases anorexia nervosa occurs in young women - up to 24 years. But both children and people over 24 years old, including men, can be affected by it.
Causes of Anorexia Nervosa
The main cause of the disease is the instability of the psyche which leads to obsession with the idea of weight loss. This can happen if self-esteem is reduced, a person does not feel in himself the strength to arrange his own life safely, looking for support in external factors, strongly inspire.
Then, especially popular today, the idea of the equivalence of beauty and harmony can become overvalued (in the pathological sense of the term). Indeed, in modern culture there is a clear connection between success, wealth and the appearance of a person. According to these rules, a woman should be very slim and young (this is one of the reasons why girls get anorexic more often than boys, for whom there are slightly different “ideals”)). Often this image is strengthened, exaggerated. But what is possible on the stage, on the podium, especially in the photo, cannot always be realized in everyday life.
In addition, there are other factors that may predispose to the development of anorexia nervosa. For example, cases of similar disorders in relatives, violence, disorders of the metabolism of neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) and a tendency to depression and so on. But, strictly speaking, these factors do not cause anorexia itself, but lead precisely to the psychological instability on the basis of which this disease grows.
Signs of the development of anorexia
It is difficult for others to recognize anorexia on initial stages. You need to be aware of the spiritual movements of a person in order to notice that he is carried away by the idea of \u200b\u200bweight loss and this passion is pathologically enhanced. That is, he not only decided to lose a couple of kilograms, but loses control over himself, ceases to adequately perceive his condition.
But, if there is a person from the “risk group” next to you - a young girl whose personality has not yet been formed, whose emotional condition not yet stable - you need to monitor the following:
- Exaggerated attention to appearance - one's own or ideal images (models, actresses). The girl begins to spend more time in front of the mirror than usual, posing, examining herself. One can notice parallels of comparison with certain ideals - their images can be in plain sight, for example, next to a mirror;
- The desire to lose weight leads to radical decisions, opinions. The girl generally refuses to eat, reports that most products are very harmful. If she did eat (under pressure from the family, for example), then she can close herself in the bathroom or toilet and induce vomiting. Such patients come up with various excuses not to participate in feasts, not to eat with other people;
- Constant attention to your own weight, weighing;
- Denial of nutritional problems - if you assume that the patient does not control his condition, cannot adequately assess his diet and its consequences for the body, you will receive a violent rejection in response;
- Depressed state. There may be violent outbursts of resentment, anger, euphoria, and then again depression;
Of the objective signs that you need to pay attention to, you can name weight loss. Different indices can be used to calculate the weight norm. For example, the Quetelet index, which is obtained by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters) (60 kg: (1.7m x 1.7m) = 20.8). The norm of the Quetelet index lies between 18.5 and 25. If this index is below 17.5, the body weight is insufficient.
Development of anorexia - symptoms
When efforts to lose weight bring tangible results (the patient loses about 20% of the weight), anorexia progresses. Instead of loosening the restrictions, the person is tightening up their diet. Already during this period, disturbances in the functioning of the whole organism become noticeable.
Dehydration leads to a sharp deterioration in the condition of the hair and skin, the bones become more fragile - fractures and the appearance of joint diseases are possible. The cardiovascular system can not cope, which is expressed in a violation of the heart rhythm, pressure fluctuations. The girls stop menstrual cycle. Immunity drops critically. And so on.
These symptoms can no longer be ignored. And you need to take Urgent measures- start treatment. After all, life in this state is already subjected to mortal danger. And, after a year or, at most, two, the changes become irreversible and we are no longer talking about life, but about prolonging life.
The question is when will death and what will cause it is secondary (no matter how scary it may sound!). Much more important is how to save life and bring it closer to normal (after all, it will not be possible to fully restore health). Even if the patient himself wants to change his fate, he is no longer able to eat normally, gain weight. It requires constant and very thorough treatment.
Treatment of anorexia nervosa
Based on the above, it is clear how important it is to start treatment as early as possible. Close people should not turn a blind eye to even the most fleeting suspicions and signs that may indicate the development of anorexia. It is difficult to prevent the occurrence of this severe disorder. But curing it is almost impossible. Such a patient will experience psychological and physical difficulties all her life, for example, as people who use drugs.
So the first and best thing to do is follow the development of a teenager's personality . We need to help him overcome uncertainty, dissatisfaction with himself. Excessive perfectionism, exactingness - can also become harbingers of anorexia. Therefore, it is important to learn to accept not only victories, but also defeats.
If anorexia nervosa is already in the second stage (weight loss, about 20%) - it is also treated with psychotherapy . There are both individual sessions and classes with the family, group trainings.
Health food , which is prescribed to patients - is designed to normalize metabolism and promote weight gain to normal levels. It must be understood that the body of an anorexic is no longer able to absorb any food. Therefore, a diet selected by a doctor is required.
Can be assigned medicines - antidepressants. For example, fluoxetine. Perhaps the introduction of solutions containing vitamins that eliminate dehydration.
It must be understood that anorexia nervosa can recur. In other words, in such a patient, after therapy, breakdowns may occur, which will again lead to critical weight loss.
What to do if a loved one has anorexia nervosa
A few tips to help you navigate and do the right thing if you suspect loved one this disease:
- Do not try to appeal to the "reason" and "common sense" of the patient! He, as if, speaks a different language - he does not understand and does not accept your arguments.
- Don't let yourself be convinced! People with anorexia can talk very passionately, logically and defend their opinions with pathos.
- Do not trust everything that the patient says and does! In order to achieve "his goals", a person in this state is able to change his own principles - to lie, for example. Even having sincerely promised something, he may not keep his word - the disease often turns out to be stronger. The patient may pretend to agree with you, lulling your vigilance.
- Don't wait - go to the doctor right away! And, you need to immediately go to a psychotherapist. Preferably to someone who specializes in anorexia. It is better that your fears turn out to be groundless than that you waste time. Even if you cannot persuade the patient to visit a doctor, go to the appointment yourself and discuss with the specialist what you should do next.
Hello everybody! Today I will tell a story from my life. What a stupid girl I was, how I brought myself to anorexia and how I got out of there. It all started back in 2003, at that time I was 15 years old. I was a 1st year student at the Polytechnic College. I was a happy life girl, studied well, rejoiced at new acquaintances and friends. Everything was amazing.
And so, somehow talking on the phone with her classmate, she told me "Well, you're complete". I don’t remember what exactly the conversation was about, like about the upcoming holidays on February 14 and March 8. But can you imagine, these words turned my life upside down for several years….
Now a little about me.
I was the most ordinary child, of average build. I've never been skinny, but I've never been fat either. Just a fat kid. Somewhere from the age of 12, with the beginning of the cycle, my forms began to become rounded. Plus, malnutrition prevailed in our family, a lot flour products and sweets. And now, at the age of 15, with a height of 165 cm, the weight was 63 kg. Yes, a lot, but not critically. Well, yes, plump, as my classmate told me.
But what is most interesting, before her words, I did not notice this at all, but I simply did not think about weight, not about myself and not about the people around me.
It's now, I can analyze it so calmly, but then after these few words I was wedged. I began to consider myself, people, and of course, I saw a bunch of shortcomings in myself. And my butt is big, and my face is thick, and this is not like that. Yes, I was actually ashamed to go out into the street))
And since mid-February 2003, I began to lose weight and transform.
Where did I start?
And everything is very simple, I went to Rospechat and bought several magazines about weight loss. At that time I didn’t have the Internet, as well as the computer itself. How did I live without them.
After reading these magazines from cover to cover, inspired by the examples of others, I decided to use the calorie calculation method for my weight loss. It seemed to me the most simple and effective. I found the calorie content of products in the same magazines, and we even had a book on baby food, and there was also a detailed table with calories. And of course, now I studied all the labels.
Ration for the day in the early stages.
I have determined for myself daily allowance at 1300 kcal, again thanks to the same magazines. And here is an example diet:
Breakfast : porridge + sandwich
Snacking in college: tea + bun
Dinner: soup with bread or second dish with meat + cereals
Snack: fruit
Dinner: cottage cheese with sour cream + kefir + cookies
In principle, the menu I had was not bad. I had to give up only the abundance of pastries, waffles, gingerbread, etc. I adhered to my diet strictly, as I wanted to quick results. And for me it was not so difficult.
Result.
The result was not long in coming, by April I weighed 58 kg. All parameters have decreased, many told me that I began to look good. The boys made signs of attention.
I was also very pleased with myself.
Here's what happened next, it was my biggest mistake - I Could NOT stop. On the same diet, I lost weight up to 55 kg, but it seemed to me insufficient. I reduced calories to 1000 per day, then to 800, and there were days when I ate 500-600 kcal. You can imagine how small that is for a teenage girl. And by August 2003, I began to weigh 42 kg!!!
If you want to describe to you a girl of 42 kg with a height of 165, so:
- Appearance: a walking skeleton covered in leather. The bones stick out wherever they can - collarbones, ribs, pelvic bones. The face is very thin, the cheeks are sunken, the eyes are bulging.
- Body condition- constant weakness, all the time you want to sleep.
- Mood- almost always not very much, you don’t want anything, nothing makes you happy.
There was one more problem - I have stopped menstruating. That's the only thing that really upset me. Because I always dreamed of a family and children.
The attitude of others and relatives.
In September, I started studying. Many were in a slight shock from my appearance, someone silently watched, someone asked what was the matter with me. Even my history teacher was personally interested in my condition. I answered something in general phrases, like everything is fine, I just lost weight, an active life and all that nonsense.
Of all my relatives, my mother was the most worried about me. And when I told her that I didn’t have my period for half a year, she sounded the alarm. And thanks to her, I recovered. I wouldn't be able to do it alone.
Anorexic life.
To tell you the truth, no one has given me such a diagnosis. But most likely this is only because I did not go to the doctor. But approximately from the autumn of 2003 to the spring of 2004, I was in the weight of 41-43 kg. I ate almost everything, but very little. In the morning, 3 spoons of porridge, a thin slice of bread with butter, I drank tea without sugar at school and could eat coleslaw with carrots. And in the evening again 3 tablespoons of porridge with a piece of chicken / meat or vegetables. To the surprise, I didn't feel hungry, I just ate so as not to faint (this happened a couple of times). I was very afraid of sweets, if you ate a waffle, a gingerbread, then a half or a quarter)). And the biggest fear in all this was that If I eat a little more, I will definitely become fat immediately. And yes, I didn’t feel too thin, I considered myself normal.
How did it all end?
As I wrote before, my mother helped me a lot. She herself went to a pediatric gynecologist-endocrinologist on the issue of the absence of a cycle. I flatly refused to go with her.. The doctor turned out to be very understanding and competent, she asked my mother to talk to me, to say: " That if it goes on like this, I may die, that I will not be able to study, work, I will not be able to give birth to a child. She ordered to urgently start eating, gradually adding portions. She even wrote on the sheets of food that I need to eat. And prescribed treatment for the cycle. And of course she asked me to come to her myself.
And after that, I started eating more.. I don’t even know what influenced this decision more. It's just that I was not satisfied with the current life and the fear that I would not be able to realize myself as a person and as a woman, including. At the same time, it was hard to see that you were getting better, and again I began to dislike myself and wanted to cut down on food. This was such a chatter for about six months, until I started eating normally without painful fear of extra pounds.
But I still count calories.. I could already do this in my mind. My daily allowance was about 1000 calories. I tried to eat every two hours, slowly increasing portions. The cycle was restored to me with the help of hormonal injections and pills.
At 17, I weighed about 52 kg.
Plus, due to the fact that more nutrition began to flow, I began to stretch in height, by the age of 18 my height was 169 cm and weight 55 kg. And I ate 1200-1500 calories a day. I felt great, there was an interest in life. And at the age of 19 I went to study in another city and began new life. But I counted calories for a long time, probably up to 22 years.
A few of my tips:
- Girls, I beg you do not eat less than 1000 kcal . This is a minimum, less is generally not physiological for the body and it begins to break down. And so, there are many methods on the Internet for individual calorie counting.
- Try to get your calories due to complex carbohydrates, proteins, and not at the expense of sweets, cakes, rolls, etc. Since hunger will come very quickly and there is a great chance to break loose. And yes, don't forget the fats. As my doctor said: "10 gr. butter a day a woman is vital.
- Eat more often, but in smaller portions. Great if there are five meals . Again, this creates a feeling of constant satiety and plus speeds up the metabolism.
- Exercise for at least an hour a day you can at home, you can just walk . It is very important.
- And finally, do not compare yourself to other people and do not take to heart what other people tell you . If you are going to lose weight, then it should be only for yourself and your health.
Conclusion.
The technique itself calorie counting i sure i recommend. This way to lose extra pounds is very effective and fast, and at the same time you can eat everything. Only this matter needs to be approached competently and without fanaticism. Don't repeat my mistakes.
My other reviews:
The desire to lose weight is well known to most women, some think that “anorexia” is a synonym for “thinness”, but literally “anorexia is a lack of appetite”, so anorexia pills do not burn fat, they discourage appetite. How simple, you take a pill against appetite and melt before your eyes! It's close to disaster here. The danger of drugs that cause anorexia does not appear immediately, and most women who take them think they can control this process. This is not true. It is important to know in advance everything about their insidiousness and not to step on a crooked path leading to serious consequences for health and appearance. In fact, anorexia is already a psychological condition that dictates a certain lifestyle. The well-known Tara Reid has been struggling with this disease for many years, so far unsuccessfully, unfortunately. Tara is already happy to be cured herself, but even experienced specialists do not give guarantees. Why is this happening and where is the main danger of anorexia-causing pills? pharmacist Olga Tkachenko. Information for reflection especially for all those who doubt and for those who are ideal - Tara Reid and her ilk.
Anorexigenic drugs and what they are eaten with
Anorexia drugs are a drug group of drugs that quickly suppress appetite. The brain receives a signal of satiety and appetite disappears. The peculiarity of the group is that over time, the body itself stops asking for food. She doesn't feel the need. At this stage, the danger increases many times over. Surely the aforementioned Miss Reed missed her chance for a quick cure right here. All drugs that cause anorexia disrupt digestion! ! Constipation is a direct continuation of taking these pills!
The most popular include several drugs that discourage appetite, all of which are prescribed strictly by a doctor. Self-administration can lead to extremely negative consequences. Nothing is worth it, and then desperately fight for life.
Amph…….n
The medicinal substance belongs to list A. For those who do not understand what it is about, an explanation must be made: this drug Amph ... .. he was classified as a poisonous and narcotic substance. Its main task is the treatment of people with severe obesity. A frequent side effect is irritability and disruption of normal sleep, constipation or, conversely, diarrhea. They can become permanent.
Preparation hair dryer ... ... in
This is another well-known remedy that affects appetite. Fen ... ..in is also included in the list of toxic and potent substances. Dangerous because of the ability to quickly cause euphoria and addiction. Almost all patients experience disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, depression, severe drowsiness.
Sibutramine tablets
Tara Reid, not the skinniest star who suffered from drug anorexia. Breast - the result of plastic surgery
Sibutramine preparations are also often on the banned list, but this does not stop anyone. The instructions indicate that the remedy is prescribed only in combination with a diet and strict physical activity for people whose BMI - “body mass index” - is about 30. After taking it, you can often experience severe tachycardia, increased pressure, dry mouth, prolonged, uncontrollable constipation and hemorrhoids. The person becomes nervous, normal sleep disappears, dizziness. Sometimes taste sensations may change, sweating appears, and epileptic seizures are possible. It can be seen that not only the gastrointestinal tract, but also the nervous system is already beginning to suffer. Anorexia is also considered a side effect.
fluoxetine
If Tara Reid is still in front of your eyes, then another popular drug is brought to your attention - flu ... ... n.
Flu…….n for weight loss is the way to the psychiatrist's office!
If you read the instructions for Flu ...... y, then mental disorders and depression serve as indications for admission. The decrease in appetite goes in parallel and against the background of the fact that flu ... ... n significantly inhibits the reaction, the process of losing weight is uncontrollable. It seems that the weight is lost, but there is no joy anymore. If you accidentally forget yourself and drink a glass of alcohol, then even loss of consciousness is possible. Become a satellite dizziness, apathy, decreased vision, rash, constipation or, conversely, prolonged diarrhea. Girls, do you still want to become thin like Tara Reid? Flu…….n is released only strictly by prescription and its intake must be monitored by a doctor. It is the doctor who will prescribe fl ...... n in the right dose and help you competently refuse it. Yes - yes, just take and stop taking the flu ... ... but you can’t. Outbursts of aggression and other manifestations of mental disorders are possible. Flu…….n is also used by psychiatrists to treat anorexia.
Sometimes women believe that short-term use does not do much harm. They start taking drugs abruptly in high doses and stop it just as abruptly. It's much more harmful than it looks. The same fluoxetine in normal doses causes a decrease in sexual function up to its complete cessation, and in elevated doses it can generally incline to suicidal thoughts. It’s unlikely that Reid thought about such consequences, right? Did you draw any conclusions after reading? And most importantly, a skinny cow is not yet a gazelle!
With Bromo .... m jokes are bad!
In any case, if you decide to lose weight with the help of pills, then be sure to read the instructions for contraindications, overdose and side effects and think, maybe the gym will be more useful ?!
So now - not to lose weight?
The desired weight for each woman is different. It is impossible to have standard parameters with different height, constitution, heredity and figure. There are even concepts of "heavy" or "light" bone. If weight loss or sports passion has gone too far, no matter whether anorectic pills, fluoxetine were used, or nervous exhaustion contributed, then the health outcome will be unpredictable. The lack of normal nutrition affects everyone in their own way. The development of events will look something like this: inevitable problems with the gastrointestinal tract will cause a violation of the water balance and, as a result, the load on the heart and blood vessels will increase dramatically. There will be weakness in the muscles, constipation will be a constant phenomenon. The stomach and intestines will no longer be able to function normally. Hormonal background will completely change, and the body will switch to "survival mode". It means that menstruation will stop, childbearing function will become impossible, you simply won’t want to have sex. - anemia and irregular heartbeat. A “pleasant” addition will be split ends or actively falling hair, sagging breasts, protruding collarbones, dull skin that has lost its elasticity with wrinkles that will arise against the background of hormonal imbalance and due to loss of body fat and you immediately understand, but it’s true: “Skinny cow – not a gazelle at all!” And one far from perfect day, a life partner will say: “Honey, we don’t go anywhere together. I don’t want to answer questions about how I brought you to such a life. It’s unpleasant to receive this, because you wanted attention, not criticism, right? Is Tara Reid still your idol? …
The Hunger Games Let Them Talk 31 10 2013
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Dear friends! The medical information on our website is for informational purposes only! Please note that self-medication is dangerous for your health! Sincerely, Site Editor
Anorexia in men has its own characteristics:
- Anorexia in men is often associated with various mental disorders - schizophrenia, neuroses.
- Men do not talk about their desire to lose weight. They are more secretive, unlike women who are constantly discussing ways to lose weight.
- Men are more purposeful, they firmly adhere to the word given to themselves to refuse certain products. They are less likely to have food breakdowns.
- A large percentage of sick men refuse food for ideological reasons. They are supporters of cleansing the body, raw food, veganism, sun-eating or other nutrition systems.
- Anorexia affects not only young men who strive to meet the standards of beauty, but also men over 40, who are fond of cleansing the body and various spiritual practices. You can often hear phrases from them that “food is a hindrance to spiritual development”, “refusal of food prolongs life and purifies the spirit”.
- Asthenic and schizoid features predominate in the character of patients, in contrast to women, who are characterized by hysterical features.
- Crazy ideas about imaginary fullness sometimes serve as a distraction for a man. At the same time, he tends to ignore real physical flaws, sometimes disfiguring his appearance.
Factors that provoke anorexia in men
- Growing up in an incomplete family in an atmosphere of excessive guardianship from the mother's side. The boy is afraid that with weight gain he will grow up and lose the love of his relatives. Staying thin, he tries to avoid responsibility and hardships. adult life. Such men continue to live with their parents into adulthood.
- Critical statements from others regarding excess weight. This can cause psychological trauma.
- Participation in certain sports requiring tight control over body weight - sports dancing, ballet, running, jumping, figure skating.
- Professions related to show business- Singers, actors, fashion models. People engaged in these professions sometimes pay excessive attention to their appearance, which causes thoughts about their own imperfection and excess weight.
- Self-punishment. Boys and men wear themselves out by reducing their feelings of guilt for unrevealed aggression towards their father or forbidden sexual desire.
- Schizophrenia in one of the parents, the tendency to which is inherited. The risk of anorexia nervosa is high in young men whose parents suffered from anorexia, phobia, anxiety depression, psychosis.
- Homosexuality. In specialized publications, a cult of lean male bodies is created, which encourages young men to refuse food.
- Painful attention to one's appearance.
- Tendency to eat normally once and then starve for weeks.
- Tendency to hide food. To reassure relatives that the patient is "eating normally", he may hide or throw away his portion of food.
- Decreased sexual interest and potency, which is analogous to female amenorrhea (absence of menstruation).
- Traditional ways to lose weight - refusal to eat, excessive physical exercises and vomiting, enemas, colon therapy. However, painful attachment to vomiting is less common than in women.
- Unmotivated aggression. Rude attitude towards close people, especially to parents.
- Refusal to be photographed. Patients argue it by the fact that in the photographs their "completeness" is more noticeable.
- Hypochondria. A man is overly worried about his health, he suspects that he has serious illnesses. Natural sensations (especially the feeling of filling the stomach) seem painful to him.
- Changes in appearance appear after a few months - weight loss (up to 50% of body weight), dry skin, hair loss.
- The tendency to alcoholism is an attempt to cope with emotions and drown out thoughts about food and weight loss.
Men with anorexia do not perceive their condition as a problem. They justify fasting in every possible way by cleansing the body and striving for enlightenment. Their relatives are more likely to seek medical help. If this does not happen in time, then the man ends up in the hospital with cachexia (extreme exhaustion) or in a psychiatric hospital with an exacerbation of mental illness.
Treatment of anorexia in men includes psychotherapy, drug treatment and reflexology. Together, these measures lead to recovery of more than 80% of patients.
1. Psychotherapy is an essential part of the treatment. It allows you to correct the thinking of the patient and helps to eliminate psychological trauma leading to an eating disorder. With anorexia in men have proven their effectiveness:
- psychoanalysis;
- behavioral therapy;
- family psychotherapy with relatives of the patient.
- Antipsychotics Clozapine, Olanzapine are used for the first 6 months of treatment. They promote weight gain and reduce delusions about fullness. The dose of the drug is determined individually. After reaching the therapeutic effect, it is gradually reduced. If an exacerbation occurs, then the dose is increased to the initial one.
- Atypical antipsychotics Risperidone, Risset eliminate the negative manifestations of the disease, but do not reduce performance, do not interfere with work and study. Take drugs constantly or only when symptoms of the disease occur. Treatment with atypical drugs can last from 6 months to one and a half years.
- Vitamin preparations. B vitamins normalize the functioning of the nervous system, helping to eradicate the root cause of the disease. Vitamins A and E improve the production of hormones, contribute to the restoration of the skin and its appendages, as well as the mucous membranes of internal organs.
4. Trainings on the organization of a healthy diet. Special training programs will help the patient to create a menu in such a way that all the nutrients enter the body and there is no discomfort.
5. Intravenous nutrition or the introduction of food through a tube. These methods are applied at an extreme degree of exhaustion in patients who categorically refuse food.
Anorexia in a child, what to do?
Anorexia in a child is a more common problem than is commonly believed. 30% of girls aged 9-11 limit themselves in food and follow a diet in order to lose weight. Every 10th has high risk the development of anorexia (in boys, this figure is 4-6 times lower). However, in childhood the psyche is more amenable to influence and in the early stages, parents can help the child avoid the development of the disease, while remaining slender.Causes of anorexia in a child
- Parents feed the child, forcing them to eat too large portions. The result is an aversion to food.
- Monotonous nutrition, which forms a negative attitude towards food.
- Transferred severe infectious diseases- diphtheria, hepatitis, tuberculosis.
- Psycho-emotional stress- sharp acclimatization, death of a loved one, divorce of parents.
- The abundance of harmful and sweet foods in the diet disrupts digestion and metabolism.
- Excessive guardianship and control by parents. It often occurs in single-parent families where a child is brought up without a father by his mother and grandmother.
- Dissatisfaction with their appearance, which is often based on criticism from parents and ridicule from peers.
- Hereditary predisposition to mental illness.
What are the signs of anorexia in a child?- Eating disorders - refusal to eat or a certain set of foods (potatoes, cereals, meat, sweets).
- Physical signs - weight loss, dry skin, sunken eyes, bruising under the eyes.
- Behavioral changes - sleep disturbances, irritability, frequent tantrums, poor academic performance.
- Make eating an enjoyable experience. Create comfort in the kitchen. While the child is eating, take a few minutes to sit next to him, ask how the day went, what was the most pleasant event today.
- Start eating healthy as a family. For example, instead of pies, cook baked apples with cottage cheese, instead of frying potatoes or fish, bake them in foil. Focus not on the fact that this is losing weight, but that proper nutrition is the basis of beauty, health and vigor. Slimness is just a pleasant consequence of a healthy lifestyle.
- Observe family rituals related to food. Bake the meat grandma's recipe, marinate the fish, as is customary in your family. Share these secrets with your child. Rituals make the child aware of being part of the group and give a sense of security.
- Go shopping together. Make a rule: everyone buys a new, preferably "healthy" product. It can be yogurt, exotic fruit, the new kind cheese. Then at home you can try it and decide whose choice is better. Thus, you instill in the child the idea that healthy food brings pleasure.
- Don't insist on yours. Give your child a choice, strive for a compromise. This applies to all aspects of life. A child who is overly controlled in everything takes control of what is left for him - his food. Avoid categorical requirements. If you think it's cold outside, then don't yell for your daughter to put on a hat, but offer the child an acceptable choice: headband, hat, or hood. The same applies to food. Ask what the child will be, offering a choice of 2-3 acceptable dishes. If the daughter flatly refuses dinner, move the dinner to more late time.
- Involve your child in the cooking process. Watch cooking shows together, choose recipes on the Internet that you would like to try. There are a huge number of delicious and healthy low-calorie meals that do not increase the risk of getting better.
- Encourage dancing and sports. Regular physical training increases appetite and contributes to the production of endorphins - “happiness hormones”. It is desirable that the child engages in for his own pleasure, as professional activities aimed at winning competitions can provoke a desire for weight loss and cause anorexia and bulimia.
- Consult a beautician or fitness trainer if the child is dissatisfied with their appearance and weight. Children often ignore the advice of their parents, but listen to the opinions of unfamiliar experts. Such specialists will help to create a program proper nutrition, which improves skin condition and prevents weight gain.
- Listen carefully to the child. Avoid categorical judgments and do not deny problems: “Don't talk nonsense. You are of normal weight. Argument your arguments. Together, calculate the formula for the ideal weight, find the minimum and maximum values \u200b\u200bfor this age. Promise to help in the fight for the ideals of beauty and stick to your word. It is better to cook a diet soup for your child than a rebellious daughter fundamentally skips a meal consisting of a high-calorie roast.
- Find areas where your child can fulfill himself. He should feel successful, useful and irreplaceable. To generate interest in various types activities, visit a variety of events with your child: exhibitions, competitions of dance groups and sports. Encourage him to try his hand at a wide variety of sections and circles. Genuinely praise every small accomplishment. Then the idea will take root in a teenager that success and positive emotions can be associated not only with physical attractiveness. And new acquaintances and vivid impressions will distract from thoughts about the imperfection of your body.
- Help your child to get complete and versatile information. If your child wants to stick to a diet, then find detailed instructions on this topic. Be sure to read the contraindications together, read about the dangers and consequences of this diet. For example, it has been proven that supporters of protein diets are at risk of getting cancer. The more your child knows, the better he will be protected. So, from a misunderstanding of the danger of the problem, many girls are persistently looking for advice on the Internet “how to get anorexia?”. In their view, this is not a serious mental illness, but an easy path to beauty.
How to avoid relapse of anorexia?
Relapses of anorexia after treatment occur in 32% of patients. The most dangerous are the first six months, when patients are highly tempted to refuse food and return to old habits and the old way of thinking. There is also a risk that in an attempt to stifle their appetite, such people will become addicted to alcohol or drug use. That is why relatives should pay maximum attention, try to fill their life with new impressions.How to avoid relapse of anorexia?
Scientists agree that anorexia is chronic disease, which is characterized by periods of calm and relapses. This food addiction compared with diabetes: a person must constantly monitor his condition, follow preventive measures, and when the first signs of the disease appear, start drug treatment. Only in this way is it possible to stop the return of anorexia in time and prevent a relapse.
The desire to lose weight can be so unbearable that thoughts on how to become anorexic do not leave the girl long time. Given the trends in the fashion world and the preferences of modern men, it is easy to explain the desire to become slim, up to excessive thinness. We will help you figure out what information about this disease is true, when you can become anorexic at home, what you need to do and how to motivate yourself.
Despite the motivation to achieve results as quickly as possible, weight loss will take time, during which you need to go through several main stages. Consider how to bring yourself to anorexia for any girl?
The progression of the disease has 3 stages:
- Dyscorphomanic form. At this stage, the girl suspects that her weight is somewhat abnormal and she looks full. It indicates the presence of a dyscorphomanic type of the disease for a long time looking at the reflection in the mirror. This is followed by a quick enumeration of diets, the girl can only view or use them. Every day a woman talks about being overweight - now psychological problem already born;
- anorexic form. Constant fasting leads to weight loss. Often anorexia worsens over months. After losing part of the weight, usually already 30%, there is a euphoric desire to continue losing weight. The diet turns almost into a hunger strike, while the brain does not even show the desire to eat. It is likely that in addition a person exhausts himself with physical exertion;
- cachectic. The ability to sensibly assess their weight disappears. The body begins to falter, hypotension appears, the menstrual cycle is delayed or stops completely, sexual desire decreases. All organs suffer, so the presence of other diseases is detected during the diagnosis.
Before becoming an anorexic, a girl must go through all 3 stages.
For 2-3 days
It doesn’t take 2 days to become typical anorexics, but it’s quite possible to start with a diet in a few days. Already in such a short period of time, the body is able to get rid of annoying kilograms.
Consider what anorexics eat using the example of a 3-day "liquid" diet:
- Sour-milk drinks -, milk,;
- Cocoa;
- Broths, but only low-fat;
- Tea without sugar;
- Kvass.
For more than 3 days, such a diet is contraindicated, since the amount of calories is scanty. Between the implementation of the diet, you need to adhere to a different diet; it is not recommended to carry it out more than 1 time per week.
During the week
Anorexic girls often adhere to the so-called. It is designed for weekly use. The bottom line is that each day is assigned a certain color and you can only eat foods of the specified color. The anorexic diet is quite strict, but for beginners, a mild form is suitable, which is the “color” diet.
Colors for days of the week:
- Monday - white, (mostly dairy products) except for chocolate;
- Tuesday - red (tomatoes, watermelon, bell pepper etc.);
- Wednesday - green (cabbage, cucumbers, greens, etc.);
- Thursday - orange (melon, tangerines, oranges);
- Friday - purple (eggplant, grapes, plums);
- Saturday - yellow (bananas, apricots, corn);
- Sunday is a fasting day, they drink exclusively mineral water.
A heavier diet for a week involves compiling a diet in such a way that the daily calorie intake is around 500 kcal. Before you become an anorexic, you need to study the characteristics of the body and find out the foods that you are allergic to.
For example, consider how women become anorexic in a week using a diet:
- Breakfast - coffee without sugar and an apple;
- Lunch - 1 orange;
- Dinner - vegetable soup with beans, for the second salad;
- Dinner - carrots 100 gr, but always grated, so that they can be absorbed faster.
In 2 weeks
Often diets are made for a longer time with alternating products. There is a great option for how anorexic women lose weight - this is. There are also products with carbohydrates, but they are in small quantities. The diet is designed for 12 days:
- Day 1 - per day 1 liter of kefir;
- Day 2 - 6 oranges, it is better to eat them for 5 times, and for lunch 2 pcs;
- Day 3 - 0.5 kg of cottage cheese, always fat-free;
- Day 4 - 0.5 kg of squash game (cook without vegetable oil);
- Day 5 - 1 kg of apples after peeling, usually trimmings are 200-300 g, so you can take 1.2-1.4 kg of regular apples;
- Day 6 - 1 bar (100 g) dark chocolate;
- Day 7 - 300 g half-skimmed cheese;
- Day 8 - 1 liter tomato juice and 150 g of vegetable salad;
- Day 9 - 400 g of lean boiled meat (chicken, veal, rabbit);
- Day 10 - vegetable salad;
- Day 11 - 0.5 kg of cottage cheese;
- Day 12 - 1 kg of plums.
Stories of anorexics often point to the effectiveness of another diet, girls claim to lose about 7 kg in 2 weeks.
A typical diet broken down by day:
- Water. It should be slightly carbonated. It is optimal to drink 1.5 liters throughout the day;
- Milk and large but unsweetened fruit. The fat content of milk is 0.1%, and any fruit is an apple, grapefruit;
- Repeat the diet of the first day;
- Unsweetened tea, vegetable salad. Drink 500 ml of tea without adding sugar, eat carrots, herbs and fresh cabbage in the form of a salad to remove your appetite, you can season 1 tbsp. vegetable oil;
- Milk. 1 l 0% fat milk;
- Egg, tea, broth. During the day you can eat 1 boiled egg, unsweetened and light tea, broth with vegetables (cabbage, peas, potatoes, chicken breast) and 1 large fruit. All these products should be consumed in 4 doses;
- Yogurt, tea and cottage cheese. Everything should be fat-free, and the tea should not be strong;
- The diet of the first day;
- Milk and fruit. 1 liter of low-fat milk and 1 large fruit;
- The diet of the first day;
- Salad of vegetables and herbs. Add to salad leafy greens and vegetables (celery, dill, parsley, etc.), you can add 25 g of vegetable oil. You should get 1 liter bowl per day;
- Milk. 1 l with 0% fat content;
- Egg, cottage cheese and mineral water. It is desirable that the egg be hard-boiled, fat-free cottage cheese 100 g, you can drink as much water as you like;
- Ration of the first day.
Definitely, anorexic women weigh much less after such a diet: the number of kilograms thrown off depends on the girl’s body and her previous weight. The rule applies than large quantity fat, the faster weight loss. For a thin girl weighing 45 kg, losing 3 kg will be more difficult than for a full 90 kg woman to lose 7 kg.
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Per month
Famous and beautiful anorexic models have been on diets all their lives and use 2 or 7 day courses quite aggressively, so monthly programs have been developed. In between them, more short-term and light / hard diets are performed.
The main feature of the diet for a month is calorie restriction, that is, you can eat anything, but only within the specified calories. To do this, you will have to carefully study the calorie content of all products and approach the choice qualitatively. Mostly eat vegetables and unsweetened fruits.
So, the home formula for becoming anorexic is:
- 1, 2, 8, 9 days - 500 kcal;
- 3, 30 days - 300 kcal;
- 4, 7, 13 days - 400 kcal;
- 5, 19, 25, 26 days - 100 kcal;
- 6, 12, 18, 23, 27, 28, 29 days - 200 kcal;
- 11, 24 days - 150 kcal;
- Day 14 - 350 kcal;
- 15, 22 days - 250 kcal.
After a short time, the girl becomes anorexic, as the manic desire to lose weight gradually intensifies, the first results lead to euphoria.
What Not to Do
Anorexia is a popular disease and girls strive to become one, but there are a number of ways to achieve the goal that are strictly prohibited, as they greatly harm the body:
- Tablets with worms. Pills are often advertised that lead to weight loss, and they really work because the worm appears in the body. It is usually huge. A girl can eat as much as she wants and still lose weight. Such drugs are extremely dangerous, as intoxication and other disorders form over time;
- Antidepressants. Often, anorexics take medications that suppress vigor, reduce appetite, and they themselves expect that in this way they will achieve their goal. In fact, drugs have a number of side effects.
Effects
Losing weight at such a fast rate invariably leads to serious consequences. As the disease worsens, health deteriorates even more, ultimately this can lead to death.
Among the most common consequences of anorexia:
- A girl often loses her hair and teeth, this is due to a lack of calcium in the body and changes in hormonal levels;
- The fragility of bones increases many times, also due to the lack of calcium;
- Pathological abnormalities in the work of the heart. Arrhythmia, extrasystole, weak pulse, ischemia and the rest are common factors of anorexia;
- Depression. Psychological condition human being is very complex, due to a lack of vitamins, the brain is simply not able to focus on important thoughts and digest information normally. The risk of suicide increases exponentially;
- Deviations in digestive tract. The perception of a full-fledged meal practically does not occur, when something is consumed, a gag reflex begins;
- Nervous deviations (breakdowns, lack of logic in behavior). Sometimes this is accompanied by bad habits like drug addiction.
Following the standards of beauty often leads girls to various extremes, in particular anorexia. A woman instead of the expected beauty receives a serious physical and mental disorder. A person cannot get out of this problem on his own, because the disease psychologically affects him from the inside.