Welcome to the site tips for gardeners. Peony is very unpretentious plant, and if all the conditions were met during planting, then the flower can grow in one place without sacrificing decorativeness for up to ten years.
But if you want to rejuvenate the planting, you need to know how to do it right. After all, a peony transplant carried out at the wrong time can cause the death of a flower.
The timing of the transplant of peonies
When can peonies be transplanted? A question that many novice gardeners are looking for an answer to, since the wrong timing can destroy its fragile beauty.
The most the best time for peony transplant completion summer season and the beginning of autumn. If during these terms there is no opportunity to "move" the plant, then it is better to postpone the event until the onset of spring.
When to transplant peonies in the fall? Perfect timing for the renewal of flowers - the last decade of August and the first half of September. During this period, the weather is still warm, and the prolonged autumn rains have not yet begun.
The plant will take root in a new place much better and faster. Flowering in this case can be expected as early as next season. The root system will undergo an adaptation period during the winter and in the spring will begin to actively supply the bush with the necessary nutrients.
If necessary, you can transfer the peony to a new place in the spring. But in this case, the plant will be sick for a long time and you should not expect the appearance of color from the plant. Experienced gardeners practice spring planting peonies only in exceptional cases. For example, if moles or mice began to gnaw at the roots of the plant.
Late spring and even more so summer is the worst time for a transplant. There are no absorbing roots on the rhizome of the plant, and the peony simply cannot receive the nutrition it needs from the soil.
Peony transplant: doing it right
The answer to the question: “When to transplant peonies?” Has been received. Now you need to get acquainted with the stages of the process in more detail.
Peony is transplanted with bushes, unless, of course, a decision has been made to divide the rhizome. But more on that later.
How to transplant peonies correctly? Planting stages:
1. Dig in a bush around the perimeter. Before removing it from the soil, the stems must be cut at least 1/3 of the length and pulled slightly with a rope. Now the plant is taken out by loosening the bush with a garden pitchfork. The flower must be removed carefully so as not to damage the fragile root system.
2. Then in landing pit pour water and place a bush in it. The plant is installed strictly vertically. Now you can start filling. First comes the earth, but it is desirable that either peat or humus be used for the top layer. Then the transplanted plant is watered again.
Choosing a place and preparing a pit for transplanting peonies
The place must be decided in advance. Peonies love to have a lot of light. That is why it is worth giving preference open areas land, but at the same time they should not be blown too much by the winds. Also be sure to read how and when to prune peonies.
The peony grows well in relative shade, but in this case, due to a chronic lack of light, the plant will develop rather slowly. Also, do not expect large flowers, as they will become smaller every year.
The flower is not too picky about the composition of the soil. And, nevertheless, it feels much better on loamy lands flavored with a generous portion of fertilizers and nutrients. When choosing, it is worth remembering that the selected area should be moist (but in moderation), since the plants do not tolerate either excessive drought or moisture.
It is necessary to prepare the pit for the transplant in advance, about a month before the transplant. Then the soil will be able to sink well.
It is quite enough if the depth of the pit reaches fifty centimeters. If there is no natural drainage, then you need to deepen it by another twenty centimeters. Expanded clay or brick chips are suitable as drainage materials.
Nutritious potting soil prepared from the following components (ratio 1: 1):
- The land is soddy;
- sand;
- peat;
- ready-made humus.
It is also necessary to apply fertilizers such as:
- Any superphosphate (100 grams);
- bone meal (350 grams);
- ash (350 grams).
All fertilizers must be mixed beforehand. If there is no opportunity to prepare a pit in advance, then you need to adhere to the following planting technology.
Do not bury the cut, but simply lay it on the surface of the fertile soil (with which the hole was covered) with the buds up and spud. After the earth subsides naturally(after two weeks), the tubers will sink to the required depth on their own.
Dividing a peony, how to do it right
Plants aged 3 ... 4 years are especially suitable for division. They are the easiest to dig up. In addition, there is much more healthy planting material at the exit than when dividing older plants. Also, if you do not know how to care for peonies.
Almost always, at the same time as the peony is transplanted, it is also divided, since this procedure rejuvenates the plant. But there is one more important reason: the transplanted plant, which has a large rhizome with numerous "eyes", gets used to the new place much worse and may even die.
A standard viable division should have three good points of growth and a couple of adventitious roots (five centimeters long and one centimeter in girth). This is perfect planting material, which will be able to provide a young peony with all the substances necessary for growth and development.
Before dividing, the rhizome must be washed under running water, which will expose all points of growth. Then he is left in dark place for two days to dry. During this time, the rhizome will slightly wither and will no longer break when dividing.
For cutting use sharp knife... When dividing, you need to remember that the more kidneys there are on the divide, the large quantity it must have roots. The cut area should be kept to a minimum.
If a rotten place is found, then it must be cleaned off to healthy tissue and sprinkled with crushed coal. The prepared cut is left for three days in a cool room to dry the cut points. Then it can be planted.
Ideally, the bushes should be transplanted in early September, when the rhizome begins to actively sprout - when transplanted, they will become the key to good survival of the bush in a new place.
But, if the bush did not work out in the fall, gardeners transplant the plants in early spring when the ground is still full of moisture, and the bushes are just coming out of wintering. You just need to wait for the first green branch to appear. Gardeners know that the first sprouts of peonies are bright red, as soon as they begin to form into a green branch, it is time to "move".
Photo: Kathrin Ziegler / DigitalVision / Getty Images
Two weeks to prepare
Transplanting peonies does not begin with digging out a bush, but with preparing a site for future planting. The fact is that the flower does not like unstable soil, so a hole must be made for it in advance. A couple of weeks before digging, you need to form large holes under the bushes and pour small pebbles or coarse sand into each. From above, into a hole half a meter deep, you need to pour half a bucket of a mixture of sand and turf. This filling can be replaced with the following composition:
Cup bone meal;
Humus and peat in equal proportions;
A glass of ash;
50 grams of superphosphate.
In every pit, regardless of natural moisture the soil should be poured into a bucket of water and left for a week to shrink the mixture.
The transplanted plant needs to be covered with spruce branches, it will save the peony from frost on the soil, which can happen in spring and early autumn.
Photo: Manuela Schewe-Behnisch / EyeEm / Getty Images
How to "move" correctly
In the fall, the plant needs to be tied up and cut off the leaf, leaving no more than 10 centimeters of the stem. Dig up the soil around the bush and shed plenty of water. And you can only dig out the next day.
There is one more subtlety: you need to dig out the plant with a pitchfork, because the shovel often crushes the rhizome strongly, and the flower is sick for a long time. With an autumn transplant, the root of the flower must be cleaned of the earth, and sometimes - with high acidity of the soil - even rinsed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. It is impossible to clean the soil in the spring, on the contrary, the lump around the root should be as large as possible.
Place the rhizome of the peony in the prepared hole in the center, this will allow the young roots to expand faster and begin to feed the plant. From above you need to water the peony and only then sprinkle it with earth so that a noticeable hole remains, in which water will accumulate at first.
It is important to remember that plant buds should not go more than 5-7 centimeters underground, otherwise they can rot.
Mid-August is the best time in conditions middle lane for dividing, planting and transplanting peonies to a new place. Gardeners who did not transplant because they did not know how and when to transplant peonies will learn a lot from this article.
Choosing a landing site
Peonies can do without transplanting for several decades, so be careful when choosing a place.
Peonies love the sun and tolerate a little shade. Places near buildings are not suitable for them - plants suffer from overheating. Near tall trees and shrubs, they may lack water and food.
A peony can be planted at least a meter from an adult tree (but not under the crown!) If the tree is located from the north or south. The sun, passing through the sky from east to west, illuminates the bush and it develops well.
Bushes that receive direct sunlight only after lunch will not give a high-quality cut, since the peduncles and the flowers themselves will be deformed. On the other hand, the bushes illuminated during the day have straight peduncles and bloom profusely. Their flowers have a typical shape and color for the variety.
Pit preparation
Transplanting peonies in the summer begins with the preparation of a planting pit. The pit needs to be prepared a month before planting so that the soil has time to settle. If the soil settles after planting the peonies, this will adversely affect their condition.
The roots of peonies grow strongly in depth and in width, so dig a spacious planting hole, which they will eventually be able to completely occupy. If the pit is shallow, the roots will stop growing as soon as they reach a solid horizon, and without a developed root system, the peony will not be able to manifest itself in all its beauty.
The optimal pit size is 70x70 cm (diameter and depth). Pieces of broken brick are laid at the bottom of the planting pit or a bucket of sand is poured out. On the basis of the soil extracted from the pit, a nutrient substrate is prepared by adding 2 liters of humus or peat, 200 g of phosphorus fertilizer and 300 g. Higher doses of fertilizer will lead to overgrowth of leaves and weaken flowering.
The substrate is stirred and spilled with water. Then the pit and the adjacent substrate are left to settle and lie down. You will have to return to them only in a month, in mid-August-September, when the time is right for planting peonies.
What if the soil water is close to the surface? Peonies do not like stagnant water, but you should not refuse to plant them.
You can get out of the situation if you plant the plants very shallow. The pit is made only 10 cm deep, but with a diameter larger than usual - about a meter. Drainage is poured onto the bottom, then the substrate (the same as described above). The roots of the peony are kept for 30 minutes in a clay chatterbox, then the cut is placed on top of the substrate and the roots are sprinkled with it. From above, the planting pit is lined with pieces of turf.
What is the standard division
Delenka is the standard planting unit for peonies. It is a piece of rhizome with 3-5 buds and 2-3 roots. A bush grown from such a cut begins to bloom luxuriously in the third year, and the first flowers will appear in the second year. Delenki with fewer kidneys are considered non-standard and have to be grown in a school (more on this below).
Dividing mature bushes requires certain skills. Bushes over five years old form a massive and tangled root system, the intricacies of which can be difficult to understand. When dividing, the rule must be observed: the more buds there are on the divide, the more roots should be on it.
How to divide an old peony bush
- Examine the bush and select the cutting lines, determining with which adventitious roots after division each part of the rhizome will remain. In this case, you can try to loosen the rhizome with your hands until inflection lines appear - along such lines it will be more convenient to dissect the bush. After 1-2 cuts, the situation becomes clearer and even an intricate rhizome can be successfully divided into standard divisions.
- The rhizome is dissected with a chisel or chisel, tapping on them with a wooden hammer.
- Pieces of rhizome are loosened by hands, separating the woven roots.
- Delenki are washed from the remnants of the earth, cut out weak, rotten and growing roots.
- The remaining roots are cut with a garden knife, leaving 15 cm from their length. The cuts should be as smooth as possible.
- Delenki are etched for several hours from root rot in a solution of potassium permanganate (2 g per 5 liters). A more concentrated solution will burn the kidneys. Instead of potassium permanganate, you can use a solution of vitriol (50 g per 5 liters), keeping the plant in it for no more than 20 minutes. Exceeding this time leads to burns and death of the dealerships.
- Many people prefer non-chemical disinfection, for which a tincture of garlic can be used. 200 g of peeled slices are twisted through a meat grinder, poured with a liter of water and insisted for 3 days. The tincture is filtered, stored in the refrigerator in a dense container for no more than three months. To process the parcels of peonies, add 4 tablespoons to a liter of water. tinctures and keep them for half an hour.
- After etching, sprinkle all sections crushed into powder charcoal or a mixture of coal with colloidal sulfur 1: 1.
- The planting material is placed in the shade for 24 hours so that a protective cork layer forms on the sections.
- Delenki dipped in a clay chatter box, which is added a tablet of heteroauxin and a little wood ash. The mixture should have a pasty consistency.
- The delenki pulled out from the chatterbox are laid out to dry. After that, they can be stored for a long time. In this state, they can be sent by mail. Rhizomes treated with a chatterbox after 5 hours can be planted on permanent place or temporarily dig in until the time when the peony transplant begins in the fall.
Growing peonies in a school. Small parcels can be grown up for several years in a school where they will reach standard sizes... A school is a bed with a well-prepared, fertile soil... Sections of rhizomes are planted in a school according to a 20x20 cm scheme, buried in the soil. The soil layer above the buds should be about 3 cm. For the winter, plantings are covered with compost. After a year or two, they can be put in their permanent place.
With this method of planting, the buds are guaranteed to be at the desired depth.
When planting several peonies, they are placed a meter apart. The soil should not be dry for the first few weeks after planting, while the plants are taking root. If the weather is dry in August and September, then after a while the peonies need to be watered.
If not planting is required, but a peony transplant to a new place, then it is simply dug out with a lump of earth and transplanted. Such plants take root without problems and bloom as usual.
Sometimes the question arises - is it possible to transplant flowering peonies or it is better to wait. The flowering period of peonies is short, the bush blooms for only 2-3 weeks, so you should wait until the end of flowering, and then transplant the plant, digging it up along with a lump of earth.
If you needed to transplant a young, but already blooming peony, you need to take into account that transplanting to another place will prevent the blooming of new buds and this year the plant will not look as decorative as always.
Typical mistakes when planting peonies
If the peony long time after planting does not bloom or develops poorly, this means that something does not suit him. Here are a few mistakes that gardeners most often make when planting peonies:
- Wrong choice of location. Bushes should not be in the root growth zone of large trees or in the shade. They need a minimum of 5 hours of direct light to bloom profusely, ideally early in the day.
- Incorrect planting depth. Buried bushes need to be raised and ground under them. If the planting, on the contrary, is too shallow, then the buds freeze every year. To rectify the situation, you need to transplant the peony bush deeper, having previously completely dug it out.
- Excessive amount of humus in the planting pit.
- Too acidic soil... Peonies prefer soil with a neutral solution reaction and develop poorly in areas with acidic soil.
- Too large or small divisions.
Peony transplant - when is it better to do it, in summer or autumn? If you plant or transplant peonies in August, they will take root and have time to take root well before winter. In due time, they will delight the owner with numerous and large flowers. Peonies planted in September will need an additional year to adapt.
Blooming with lush caps of fragrant flowers, a peony pleases us every spring. This unpretentious plant does not require any special efforts on the part of the gardener, but in order for it to please for not only several, but also tens of years, it is necessary to rejuvenate the bush every five years. This procedure means dividing the bush and planting the resulting divisions in a new place. In this article, we will consider in detail how to transplant peonies and how to prepare a place for them.
Such different peonies ...
These perennial plants belong to the Buttercup family and are divided into two main types: tree-like, preserving aerial part throughout the year, and grassy, with foliage dying off in autumn. In the gardens of Russia most widespread got herbaceous peonies blooming from May to late June. These plants with large, highly dissected leaves can reach a height of up to 100 cm and have a fleshy powerful rhizome. At the ends of the stems there are simple semi-double or double flowers. Their color is very diverse.
According to the structure of the flower, peonies are divided into:
- anemone;
- terry;
- semi-double;
- non-double;
- Japanese.
Preferred conditions
Peony is a perennial plant that, with proper care, lives and blooms 20 and more years... But in order for flowering to please every year, you need not only to choose the right place for planting, but also to learn how to transplant peonies.
These flowers need a sunny spot protected from strong winds. Shading, especially in the afternoon, peonies are calm and tolerate it well. For a spectacular flowering, these plants need a mandatory 5-6 hours of sun exposure.
Strongly shaded areas near buildings, large trees and shrubs are unfavorable for peonies. They will, of course, grow, but they are unlikely to bloom.
When to transplant peonies?
This question is asked by many gardeners, believing that they know how to transplant peonies. The most favorable moment for various manipulations with the plant, according to experts, is the time when the suction roots of the flower are actively growing. In our climatic conditions, this is the period from mid-August to the end of September. You can, of course, do this later, but it is better to give the plants more time for normal rooting. This will allow the bushes to develop faster in the future. In no case should the plant be touched during the hot months. Since transplanting a peony in the summer means dooming it to illness and, most likely, death.
Spring transplant
Sometimes it becomes necessary to transplant a peony bush in the spring. This can be done when the snow has already melted and the soil has thawed, and the buds of the plant have not yet awakened. However, many gardeners note that after the spring transplant, the bushes lag behind in development and quite often get sick.
A small note on how to transplant peonies correctly so that they take root well in a new place and make them happy abundant flowering next season. To do this, it is best to take the rhizome of a peony without dividing or disturbing it, transferring it to a new place along with an earthen lump. Thus, you can replant the bushes in spring and autumn.
Do I need to replant them?
These flowers can grow without transplanting for up to 30 years. However, changing conditions on the site lead to the need to move them to another, more favorable place. When transplanting peonies, it is worth remembering that root system they develop rather slowly, and for the first few years the plant will receive nutrients only from the surface layers of the soil. Since peonies can be transplanted in early spring and late autumn, it is important to properly prepare pits for them.
Preparing the place and soil for planting
Peonies are moisture-loving flowers, but they do not tolerate stagnation of liquid and dampness. Therefore, when preparing pits for these plants measuring 600 x 600 x 600 mm, it is necessary to equip them good drainage from gravel, expanded clay or finely crushed brick.
In the event that the soil on the site is acidic, it is necessary to deoxidize it by introducing wood ash or crushed lime (at the rate of 1 glass for each square meter). The most favorable soil for peonies is sandy loam
or loamy, seasoned with well-rotted organic fertilizers (at the rate of about 5 kg for each bush). It is worth noting that the dressing should be quite old, preferably 4-5 years old. except organic fertilizers, 60 to 100 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium chloride, 10 g of ferrous sulfate and 400 g of bone meal are added to each planting pit, which can be replaced with the same amount of dolomite. More than half of such pits are filled with compost, sand, peat and garden soil mixed in equal proportions. After that, fertilizers are applied, watered and mixed, so that the soil is a donkey and there is no direct contact of the plant roots with fertilizers.
Let's consider step by step all the necessary actions:
- Cut the leaves of the plant at a distance of 10-15 cm from the ground.
- Carefully dig in the peony around the perimeter, retreating from the stems by 20-25 cm.
- Use a fork or crowbar to loosen the bush.
- Carefully remove the rhizome of the flower along with the clod of earth.
- Carefully, trying not to damage the roots, shake off the soil.
- Carefully examine the rhizome for decayed, damaged or sore spots.
- Remove all affected areas with a knife and treat the affected areas with chopped activated carbon or wood ash.
- Plant the rhizome in a hole prepared 2 weeks before planting, deepening the "eyes" (buds) 2-3 cm below the ground level and be sure to straighten the roots.
- Cover with garden soil and compact it strongly.
- Water each transplanted plant with 5 liters of water.
- Sprinkle some loose earth on top.
Instead of a conclusion
According to experts, the best time to move peonies to a new place is late summer and early autumn. However, when and how to transplant peonies, each gardener must determine for himself, depending on the tasks to be solved on the site, the needs of the plants, climatic conditions and other factors that are individual and unique in each region.