Today, to understand the dynamics of the social process the greatest interest evokes "charismatic leadership". Nowadays, the charismatic theory of leadership is actively used to explain political processes. developing countries. Here, the deification of leaders and their transformation into dictators often took place.
The word "charisma" comes from ancient Greek and means "to draw attention to oneself." It goes back to the word "charites", which in ancient Greek mythology was the name of the three goddesses of beauty and grace. Also in Ancient Greece people with charismatic qualities were considered the favorites of the gods, who helped their chosen ones achieve extraordinary success.
Charisma is nothing but an attractive force radiated by a personality; the art of captivating others. This explains why people are so divided about who has charisma and who does not. A person in whose presence a feeling of comfort arises, whose words are carefully listened to, who inspires and captivates, in whom there is a certain spark of it, is necessarily endowed with charismatic qualities. But each person has an individual perception of the other. The more common on an emotional level a person discovers in himself with another personality, the more he perceives it as charismatic. If a person causes sympathy, if there is a feeling of spiritual closeness, partners are more ready for an open and sincere relationship. Of course, in this case, it is easier to succumb to influence, especially influence expressed in inspiration and motivation.
« political charisma"- one of those categories, discussions about which are almost constant. In them you can find both "for" and "against". Some scholars speak of the inadequacy and inappropriate use of this concept, others widely use it in the study of contemporary political processes. Most of the explanatory models of the phenomenon of charisma are somehow based on the approach of Max Weber, who introduced this concept into scientific circulation.
The concept of the charismatic personality of M. Weber
Charisma, according to Weber, is the basis of one of the types of legitimate domination - charismatic (along with legal-rational and traditional). Weber points out that the concept of "charisma" "applies to a certain quality of an individual's personality, thanks to which he differs from ordinary people and is perceived as possessing supernatural, superhuman, or exceptional powers." He also explains that "these qualities are not characteristic of an ordinary person, they are attributed to a divine origin or are perceived as exemplary, due to which the individual is considered a leader."
Charismatic domination, according to Weber, implies - on the part of the subordinates - personal loyalty that goes beyond the ordinary, caused by the presence of a special gift or valor in the leader, and trust in order as his creation. At the same time, the charismatic type of domination is also based on personal relations between the ruler and subordinates, and in this respect they oppose the legal-rational as impersonal.
Weber speaks rather cautiously about the legitimacy of the leader's demands. A charismatic is anyone who is able to influence the masses with great emotional force. It can be both prophets and sages, and demagogues. However, the possession of special qualities does not guarantee that dominance will be established, but only increases the chances of submission. In Weber's concept, charisma is not identified with the historical and psychological tradition of the "great man". Thus, he focuses not so much on the political leader as on his administrative staff, and in particular on the relations that develop between them. The masses, in his opinion, are irrational and emotional. Political opinions are formed mainly "at the top", and are not transferred to the leader by voters in the course of delegation of authority. As a result, the "people" in the political process is given a passive role.
For Weber, both the recognition of the followers and the recognition of the leader are fundamentally ambivalent. On the one hand, charisma is an extraordinary personal gift and does not require reinforcement. Justice is revealed only through the personality of the leader, who controls the belief of the followers that he has extraordinary qualities. Therefore, the leader requires others to obey and follow him because of his mission. The mission can be addressed to a specific ethnic, political, professional or other group and means that the charisma will be limited to the boundaries of this group. On the other hand, "the leader's charismatic claims may not be recognized if his mission is not recognized by those to whom he feels himself sent." Only through the recognition of the qualities of the leader by the followers does the recognition of the ideas of the leader occur. To do this, a charismatic leader must justify his demands, continuously prove his abilities by overcoming trials caused by external circumstances, and also demonstrate that submission to him leads to happiness and prosperity. And “if he is plagued by failure for a long time, and besides, his leadership ceases to bring benefits to followers, then his charismatic dominance is likely to disappear.”
The "religious" concept of charisma
The religious concept of charisma is based on the following main provisions. First, it is implied that the charismatic leader does indeed have special, extraordinary qualities bestowed upon him "from above." It should be noted that such a belief is always based on the fact of personal experience, which cannot be proven or verified. Secondly, there is a clear division of the "owners" of charisma, depending on the consequences of their leadership for society.
According to the religious approach, genuine charismatics in the realm of politics are highly moral and religious, which distinguishes them from the "pseudo-charismatic". Thus, Dorothy Emmett criticizes Weber and e-conceptists for ignoring the difference between the two types:
1) a leader who has a "hypnotic" power over followers and receives satisfaction from this;
2) a leader who is able to increase the willpower of people subject to his influence and stimulate them to self-realization.
In the religious concept of charisma, a true charismatic, firstly, has a special “inspiring” ability, that is, it has a significant impact on people, mobilizing them for extraordinary efforts and actions. Secondly, his extraordinary abilities depend on internal qualities who are distinguished by the highest morality and spirituality. Thirdly, the motivation is the desire to “awaken” the morality of other people, and not the desire of the leader to become the object of blind obedience of devotion. As a result, the will of the followers is strengthened, which remain free to realize their own goals.
House theory
House Theory (1977) - good example interactive approach. He emphasizes that charisma is associated with a special type of relationship between leader and followers. Followers think:
1) the leader's ideas are correct;
2) unconditionally accept the leader;
3) feel affection for him, trust;
4) are emotionally involved in the fulfillment of the mission of the organization;
5) set high goals for themselves;
6) believe they can contribute to the organization's success.
This theory considers the traits of a leader, his behavior and situations that contribute to the manifestation of charisma.
Traits of a charismatic leader include:
1) a strong need for power;
2) high self-confidence;
3) conviction in their own ideas. The behavior of a charismatic leader presupposes, first of all:
1. Impression management: The leader gives followers the impression of his competence. Examples: talking about past successes, showing self-confidence, and downplaying failures as irrelevant or trivial.
2. Providing an example, which involves something more than the ability to copy behavior or model your own based on it. Example helps to share the leader's beliefs and values and means that the leader can have a significant impact on the behavior, motivation, and satisfaction of followers. Leading by example may involve working overtime or using a delegating, consultative style in formal organizations. In an informal group, such as a gang, this could be theft, disorderly conduct, or acts of intimidation.
3. Setting high level expectations associated with the work of followers. Expression of confidence that the subordinate can solve the problem; creating an attractive image of the future or vision associated with the values and hopes of the followers; Actualizing the motivation of followers in line with the vision by appealing to their aspirations through pep talks or regular contact that highlights the emotional appeal of job prospects. These may be motives based on the need to achieve or join, the need to achieve the highest results in work or to defeat the enemy or competitor.
For charismatic leadership to emerge, the appropriate conditions must be met. Charismatic leaders rely on appealing to the "ideological goals" of their followers. They connect the vision of the future or mission with the basic, deep values, ideals and aspirations of subordinates. House believes that charisma is most likely to manifest itself in stressful situations when they occur increased loads or crises, leaders who exhibit the traits and behaviors outlined above are more likely to be seen as charismatic. Thus, charismatic leadership will tend to be more political leader v war time or during peacetime crises than to a production manager.
Appealing to workers' ideological goals is especially difficult when the task is repetitive or of little importance to them. But even here it is nevertheless possible.
There have been several studies that have attempted to test House's theory and have generally supported it.
On a conceptual level, House's theory has been criticized on the grounds that it defines charismatic leadership in terms of consequences or results rather than focusing on how people perceive it. The problem is that non-charismatic leaders can be just as effective as charismatic ones.
In a study by Podsakoff et al (1990), followers were asked to describe their manager by completing a questionnaire. For those managers who clearly articulated their vision for the future, modeled desirable behaviors, and had high expectations for the performance of their subordinates (had all three of the behavior characteristics of charismatic leaders), subordinates trusted their boss more, were more loyal, and were more motivated to perform. extra work Or take on more responsibility.
An interesting study of charismatic leadership was carried out by House and colleagues regarding former presidents USA (1991). They tried to test the following hypotheses of House's theory:
1) charismatic American presidents will have a high need for power;
2) charismatic behavior will be associated with the effectiveness of presidents
3) charismatic behavior will be more common among recent presidents than presidents from more distant past.
They singled out 31 presidents who lasted at least two years in office during the first term of the presidency. Then House and colleagues conducted a content analysis of the inaugural speeches of presidents regarding themes and images associated with power. To assess the charismatic behavior of presidents, they studied the biographies of cabinet members to see if the presidents demonstrated high level self-confidence, belief in subordinates, high expectations from subordinates and a pronounced commitment to ideology. The effectiveness of leadership was measured on the basis of assessments of prestige and power made by a group of historians, as well as an analysis of the economic and social decisions of presidents.
This study provided robust data in support of House's theory. The need for power largely predicted the level of charisma of presidents. Charismatic behavior, as well as the frequency of crises, was positively associated with performance ratings of presidents. Charismatic leadership has more often been associated with those presidents who have served in the recent rather than more distant past.
Charismatic qualities
The range of qualities included in the concept of "charisma" is quite wide. The answer to the question of who can be considered a charismatic person depends largely on subjective perception. The charismatic is always in the spotlight, he conquers the hearts of those around him, as if spellbound, listen to every word he utters, guess his every desire from his eyes, his employees achieve amazing success for him. He exudes confidence and optimism, faith, enthusiasm, and this resonates with those around him. A charismatic person is programmed to achieve success - the mental attitude to achieve success becomes a habit.
Charismatic qualities include:
1) personal magnetically attractive force;
2) inspiration experienced from the fulfillment of a vital task;
3) identification of oneself with the work performed (this gives the impression that a person is in his place);
4) disclosure of one's own abilities;
5) self-confidence and peace of mind;
6) the ability to focus one's attention on the most important thing;
7) communication skills and the ability to establish long-term and other interpersonal relationships;
8) the ability to motivate yourself and others;
9) the ability to find the right approach;
10) the ability to set clear goals for yourself and others;
11) charm;
12) activity and energy, the ability to make decisions;
13) the ability to serve as a role model;
14) positive perception of life.
Based on the materials of the book by L.V. Shalaginova« Leadership Psychology» . St. Petersburg, 2007
Good day, dear readers. In this article, you will find the answer to the question " charismatic person What kind of person is this? You will become aware characteristics such an individual. Let's talk about the features of female and male charisma.
General information
The word "charisma" comes from ancient Greece. Charites were the ancient Greek goddesses who had indescribable beauty and the ability to gracefully walk. Charisma is described as attractiveness, the ability to manage people. Charisma helps a person improve his personality. The first definition of this concept was given by Max Weber, who defines it as the ability to look extraordinary, exceptionally, to have a power inaccessible to other people. Such a person has the ability to influence the broad masses, to give her energy.
Today, the concept of charisma is especially popular in business. It allows you to achieve success and personal development.
It is believed that charismatic people have a number of advantages:
- it is much easier for them to move up the career ladder;
- they are easier to build interpersonal relationships;
- they know how to influence the minds of other people.
Charisma is often compared to leadership. After all, a charismatic personality achieves breathtaking heights.
People are not born charismatic. However, they have a number of qualities and features, developing which, charisma is gradually formed.
If we consider the history of mankind, then we will meet with large quantity examples of charismatic personalities. I bring to your attention three charismatic people who have achieved great success, partly with the help of their talents, partly due to charisma.
- Mahatma Gandhi is an ideologist who fought for his people, for their liberation. He was able to bring to the masses the understanding that any world conflicts can be resolved with words, not force. Thanks to this man, the Indian people stopped taking part in the acts of violence.
- Steve Jobs. Thanks to the great work, believing in himself, has made great strides in the production of advanced technology, is valued all over the world.
- Coco Chanel. Made a revolution in fashion and beauty. To this day, she is quoted all over the world, the image is taken for the perfection of beauty and style. She was not only a talented designer, but also a charismatic lady from high society.
Characteristic manifestations
If you are interested in the question of how to understand that a person is charismatic, then certain manifestations may indicate this.
- The ability to dedicate people to your ideas, confidence and determination. When making important decisions, independence allows you to rely on yourself.
- Leadership qualities, the ability to motivate people, organize them, enjoy authority.
- Empathy. The ability to control feelings, the flexibility of thinking, the ability to listen to other people, sympathize with them, understanding their needs, feelings on an intuitive level.
- external attraction. Such an individual is clean, has a confident gait, correct posture.
- Great sense of humor, sharp mind. Such a person is highly intelligent, at the same time has extraordinary thinking, knows how to find creative solutions can talk about difficult topics with humor.
- This individual is true to his convictions, will not succumb to the opinions of others if he does not agree with them.
- Such a person knows how to stand out from the crowd. It can be speech features, special behavior.
- The ability to be a good conversationalist, understand what the dialogue partner is talking about, delve into the essence, try to provide support or assistance, ask questions on the topic, such that the interlocutor is able to answer.
- The ability to give compliments at the right time in the right place under the right circumstances.
- Such an individual will remain patient, even if something goes against his plans. At the same time, he will not give himself away, he will continue to create the appearance that everything is going as it should.
- A charismatic personality looks straight into the eyes when communicating. It is important for her to establish contact with the interlocutor.
- Such a person is able to smile, do it sincerely, truly, rejoice at the events that arise in his life, as well as with friends or relatives.
- This individual is confident in his abilities, in tomorrow. He is harmonious.
- Such a person is able to correctly present himself to society. A charismatic person knows how to retire in time in order to maintain his significance.
- Naturalness, laid-back behavior.
- Easily adapts to a new environment, respects other people, with understanding.
A charismatic person is often a mentor. He has knowledge, knows how to act in any situation. Such an individual does not have such a concept as biological age. Having the ability to convince people, he can be of interest to any age category. At the same time, such an individual may be twice as old or younger than the listeners, but no one will say that he has lagged behind the tendencies of youth or has not matured.
Oratory skills
Undoubtedly, charismatic individuals are fluent in oratory. They can easily speak to people, and diverse ones, reach out to the consciousness of everyone, change their emotional mood, and convey the necessary information.
Of course, you can master the art of oratory, while not having charisma. These are teachers, and heads of departments at the enterprise, managers in commercial organizations. These personalities can convey information to people, however, they are able to activate your subconscious.
Charismatic persons use oratory as a tool necessary for the implementation of ideas, the achievement of goals.
Charisma is personality trait talented person. No need to think that any individual is capable of becoming a charismatic person after reading abstruse books. Some people think they can become charismatic by watching famous people, attempts to repeat their actions, habits. However, it is not. What can not be said about the possibility of improving oratory.
Public speaking helps a charismatic person to express their own emotions.
Differences between female and male charisma
A charismatic man has the qualities of a conqueror, showing his dominant power. He governs, controls, acts directly. Male charisma does not require the presence of hyperactivity when communicating with other people. Much more effective is the ability to concentrate on the interlocutor, to really be present during the dialogue. The force here is not seen as great muscle mass, and internal potential is a resource that allows a man to be responsible for his decisions. A charismatic male person has inner warmth, is able to support in difficult times, empathize. Thanks to these qualities, a charismatic guy enjoys great success at the girls.
A charismatic woman is a symbiosis of contradictory qualities, softness, self-confidence, lightness and firmness, restraint and emotionality. Such a young lady has a lot of strength, but she will not use it in vain. A woman with charisma has natural charm, inner harmony, originality. These qualities are manifested in plasticity, in the look, in the way of speaking.
Now you know what a charismatic person means. As you can see, such people have a number of advantages, they are more successful, both in their personal lives and in their careers. Do not be upset if you do not have such qualities. Remember that the presence of charisma is largely determined by the laying of certain qualities present at birth.
χάρισμα - "mercy, gift"] - the attribution or recognition of a set of such properties, traits and qualities to a person that ensures the admiration of her followers, their unconditional trust and unconditional faith in her unlimited possibilities.This is the endowment (according to a certain circle of adherents or followers) of a person (a charismatic leader - a politician, a preacher, a prophet), an institution, a symbol or a set of actions with the properties of exclusivity, distinction, supernaturalness, infallibility or holiness. The quality of charisma is traditionally considered not so much acquired as bestowed by nature or "otherworldly", mystical forces. Usually, charisma is understood as the emotional and mental abilities of a person, thanks to which he is evaluated as gifted with special qualities and capable of exerting an effective influence on people. Some researchers also highlight the so-called sexual-mystical aspect of charisma. They believe that both of these components work together in a complementary way and, moreover, seem to reinforce each other. Both the sexual and the mystical in a special way bring to reason the state of consciousness, seriously contributing to the emergence of faith in the special qualities of their bearer.
Origin of the term
Word χάρισμα used in ancient Greek mythology to denote the ability to attract attention. The ancient Greek goddesses of beauty, grace and grace were called Charites.
Religion
In the Old Testament
See the Spirit of God (Ruach Yahweh)In the New Testament
In the early Christian tradition charisma is the assistance sent by the Holy Spirit to the chosen people (the "gift" of preaching, miracles, prophecy, etc.).
As a theological term, “charisma” is 9 special gifts of the Holy Spirit, poured out by him on the apostles in the Jerusalem temple on the feast of Pentecost. (See Descent of the Holy Spirit). Charisma, according to some, can be poured out on people at the present time in spiritual communication with the Holy Spirit (for example, during prayer).
These spiritual gifts of the Holy Spirit are classified in three ways:
- the triple gifts of revelation—wisdom, knowledge, and the ability to discern spirits;
- triple gifts of power - faith, miracles and healing;
- triple gifts of speech - prophecy, glossolalia and interpretation of tongues. (The last group of gifts is considered the most common).
Charismatics are Christians who believe in gaining grace (charisma) through rituals and prayers in the form of gifts of the Holy Spirit. Typical of Pentecostals.
Modern usage
The term was introduced into sociology by Ernst Troeltsch. The concept of charismatic authority occupied importance as part of the analysis by the German sociologist M. Weber of the ideal types of states. According to his classical definition: "Charisma is the quality of a person, recognized as extraordinary, due to which it is evaluated as gifted with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically special powers and properties that are not available to other people." The phenomenon of charisma takes place in small and especially large groups, where there is a personification of ideals in the process of cohesion. Charisma most often occurs in extreme historical conditions when the corresponding socio-psychological need is formed. The qualities of a charismatic leader operating in the religious or political arena are sometimes mystified. He is considered a prophet, a giant historical figure, a deliverer, a demigod, carrying out a "great mission", all the successes of his supporters are attributed. Even obvious failures turn into his glorification (flight is perceived as salvation, any losses - as necessary sacrifices or intrigues of enemies, absurd statements - as incomprehensible wisdom).
Among famous history religious charismatic personalities - Jesus Christ, Buddha and Muhammad. Charismatics include the creators of trends within world religions - Luther and Calvin, for example. On the other hand, these are famous statesmen and military figures, such as Genghis Khan, Tigran or Napoleon. In the 20th century, such figures include Hitler and Mussolini, Roosevelt and Churchill, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky, but also Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King. The property of charisma is relatively indifferent to the type of activity and its moral and ethical content: both a saint and a criminal can be a charismatic leader with equal success.
The common expression "He has charisma" means that a person makes a strong impression on others, they succumb to his influence and are ready to follow him.
Contrary to popular misconception, this term should not be used to describe or refer to characteristics inanimate objects. For example: "charismatic design".
see also
Literature
- Lipp W. Stigma und Charisma: über soziales Grenzverhalten. Würzburg: Ergon-Verl., 2010
Notes
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .
Synonyms:See what "Charisma" is in other dictionaries:
- (Greek mercy, grace, deities, gift), exclude. giftedness; the endowment of any person (charismatic leader of a prophet, preacher, politician), action, institution or symbol with special qualities of exclusivity, ... ... Philosophical Encyclopedia
charisma- (from the Greek. charisma gift) endowing the personality with properties that cause admiration for it and unconditional faith in its capabilities. This phenomenon is characteristic of small and especially large groups that tend to personify their ideals in the process ... Great Psychological Encyclopedia
- (charisma) In Christian theology, the term meant the Lord's mercy, God's gift; later Weber (Weber) used it in such a sense as the property of a person, thanks to which he stands out among ordinary people and can be considered as endowed with ... ... Political science. Dictionary.
- (Greek charisma mercy divine gift), exceptional giftedness; a charismatic leader is a person endowed with authority in the eyes of his followers; charisma is based on the exceptional qualities of his personality of wisdom, heroism, holiness... Big encyclopedic Dictionary
- [gr. charisma grace, gift] endowing the personality with properties that cause admiration for it and unconditional faith in its capabilities; high talent, personal attraction. Dictionary foreign words. Komlev N.G., 2006. charisma, j. (fr. ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Giftedness, grace, attractiveness, charm, mercy, luck, gift Dictionary of Russian synonyms. charisma n., number of synonyms: 14 grace (29) ... Synonym dictionary
charisma- uh. charisme gr. charisma. Noms donnés à des dons spirituels extraordinaires octroyés transitoirement par l Esprit Saint a des groupes ou à des individus en vue du bien général de l Eglise chrétienne An extraordinary spiritual gift… … Historical dictionary gallicisms of the Russian language
We tend to think that charisma is something that cannot be measured or accurately described in words. However, in the West there are researchers who study the behavior charismatic people. And based on their data, it follows that charisma can be measured. Moreover, charisma can be pumped and developed in oneself.
What is charisma? Qualities of a charismatic personality
Charisma is the ability of a person to win over other people, motivate them and become a leader in a particular area of life. Charisma helps to achieve tasks and gently influence other people. Other people themselves are happy to help a charismatic person.
Important components of charisma:
- power;
- presence in the present moment;
- friendly attitude;
Olivia Fox Cobain writes about this in her book Charisma. According to the author, charisma is read, among other things, by our non-verbal signals (body language). Body language subtly conveys our surroundings. A charismatic person clearly knows and acts in accordance with them, but not forgetting the interests of other people. This quality is also called.
Charismatic speaker and storytelling skills
Charismatic people can easily hold the attention of a large audience. That is why such people can often easily gather a fairly large audience and it is interesting to talk about some of their ideas. In many ways, they are helped not only by what they say, but also by how they say it. This is what development consultants often talk about. You can pump up your speaking skills in public with the help of training and special techniques, such as.
Charismatic people, as well as charismatic speakers, are not born, but become. Well-known charismatic personalities were not immediately so, but formed their skills and abilities through constant training. For example, with constant public speaking, participation in literary discussion clubs and so on. Approximately in this style, for example, acted.
If traced, then he became an outstanding speaker only over time. Although he had some inclinations of charisma, apparently, given by nature.
The development of oratory is closely related to the development of charisma. You may be interested in our materials on this topic:
Every person has. Charisma is not some separate quality, but a combination of qualities that help a person move forward in business. In her book, Olivia Fox Cobain tells us that the same person in different situations may or may not be charismatic. This is influenced by the situation and some internal factors.
For example, any physical discomfort suppresses charisma. It could be:
- lack of sleep;
- hunger;
- cold;
- runny nose;
- etc.
A big role is played by facial expressions, gestures, micro-gestures and so on. At the same time, a charismatic person is not prone to such states as.
At present, the concept of "charisma" is interpreted as a special quality inherent in nature, which distinguishes people from the general mass and attracts other people to them.
WHAT IS CHARISMA?
So, this is a special property, thanks to which a person is evaluated as gifted with special qualities and capable of exerting an effective influence on others. The concept of "charisma" originates from ancient Greek mythology - it means to attract attention. And the Charites are the ancient Greek goddesses of beauty, grace and grace.
The classic definition of charisma is given by the German sociologist M. Weber: “Charisma is the quality of a person, recognized as extraordinary, thanks to which she is evaluated as gifted with supernatural, superhuman, or at least specifically special powers and properties that are not available to other people.”
Among the well-known charismatic personalities are the founders of world religions - Buddha, Moses and Christ. Charismatics include the creators of directions within world religions - for example, Luther and Calvin. On the other hand, these are great statesmen and military figures, such as Genghis Khan or Napoleon.
In the twentieth century, such figures include Hitler and Mussolini, Lenin and Trotsky, but also Gandhi and Martin Luther King. The property of charisma is relatively indifferent to the type of activity and its moral and ethical content: both a saint and a criminal can be a charismatic leader with equal success.
The expression "He has charisma" means that a person makes a strong impression on others, they succumb to his charm and are ready to follow him.
From the point of view of psychology, charisma is a combination of internal psychological qualities and external behavioral skills to influence people. These include high self-confidence, will, perseverance, determination, sociability, eloquence, the ability to inspire and motivate others, incl. own example, the ability to set the right goals for yourself and others and achieve them, and many others. others
It is believed that charisma is given (or not) to a person by nature. However, some charismatic traits and skills can be developed in oneself with purposeful efforts (up to certain limits, due to an innate set of qualities)
SIGNS OF CHARISMA
Emotional sensitivity
Charismatic people are able not only to infect with their emotions, but also to subtly feel the initial emotional mood of other people, as well as build interaction based on this mood. They quickly establish emotional contact with people, so that the other person very soon begins to feel like "the only person in the room", and who doesn't like being that?
emotional control
Charismatic people know how to control their emotions. The emotional state becomes their tool, they use it for their own purposes, from which, however, their emotions do not lose their sincerity.
Ability to express your thoughts
Almost all charismatic people are good speakers, so they influence the interlocutors not only with the help of emotions, but also with the help of words.
social sensitivity
Charismatic people are sensitive social interactions, know how to listen and be on the same wavelength with their interlocutors. Therefore, such people are almost always tactful and attentive to their surroundings.
Self-control in communication
This is an important skill of charismatic people, which allows them to maintain composure and grace in dealing with any audience. They can establish emotional contact with any segment of the population.
DEVELOPMENT OF CHARISMA
So, up to this point, we've been talking about people who are naturally charismatic. But what if your charisma scores are at an average or low level? Is it possible to become more charismatic?
Before you infect with ideas and emotions, you need to catch fire with them yourself
It is impossible to infect other people with something that you yourself are not sure about. Therefore, before infecting others with emotions and instilling self-confidence in them, you need to learn to experience all this yourself.
Stop suppressing your emotions. If something pleases you - laugh heartily, without trying to suppress a giggle, and if it upsets you - do not make an indifferent face, experience the emotion in full.
Of course, not all emotions should be thrown out on interlocutors, this is fraught with eccentricity, and this will not add popularity to you.
All people want to be brave and positive, not to doubt themselves and their abilities. If you experience these emotions and openly radiate positivity and self-confidence, it will be transmitted to those around you.
Proper body language
The position of the body during a conversation, the actions of the hands, facial expressions - all this greatly affects the perception of you by other people. Even if your interlocutor's consciousness does not mark your nervousness and insecurity, the subconscious mind will certainly tell him whether it is worth communicating with you or not.
Fortunately, body language also works in the opposite direction: if you take a more relaxed posture, you begin to feel more relaxed, if you smile, your soul becomes a little brighter.
So watch the position and behavior of your body: do not slouch, even during the most intense conversation, do not fiddle with objects in your hands and do not wrinkle your fingers, try to smile more often and not take closed poses.
Respect the interlocutor and listen to him
If the transfer emotional state not so easy to adjust, it is much easier to learn social sensitivity. All you need to do is stop thinking that you are the most important person in the world and pay attention to the interlocutor.
Listening to other people is a real art. If you listen to another person and are interested in him, he starts to feel special. I don't think I need to explain how cool it feels.
REASONS FOR THE LACK OF CHARISMA
Sometimes it happens that a person strives to achieve something more in life, but all attempts either do not bring the desired result or end in failure. In this case, you need to pay attention to the presence of factors that hinder the development of charismatic qualities. These include:
Fear of responsibility and self-doubt. An insecure leader is not capable of leading. The ever-doubting head of the family cannot rally his neighbors. A complex person is not interested in communication. This interferes with the manifestation of abilities (qualities, talents), thereby reducing the chances of changing one's life. Especially the lives of others.
Inability to communicate. The charismatic is simply obliged to communicate, because this is how he solves most of his problems and moves towards the goal. Fear of communication, including remote communication, awkwardness, if necessary, to ask for a service or distribute responsibilities significantly reduce the chances of success.
No less detrimental to the development of charisma is the inability to listen to the interlocutor and excessive emotionality. Hyperreactions in the form of a scream or an irritable tone have a repulsive effect on the interlocutor. In addition, the fuse of the "screamer" can quickly pass, but remain in the opponent's soul for a long time. Yes, and emotional attacks are often thoughtless and spontaneous. It is difficult to achieve a response with slurred speeches or incompetent statements.
Pessimistic mood. A person who does not see anything good in himself will not see anything good in others. Lack of faith in the future and unwillingness to change hinder the achievement of meaningful results. A pessimist surrounds himself with people with the same attitude.
Therefore, it is very difficult for him to become a leader - he does not believe in it. Fear, worries, anxieties, internal complexes, failures prevent you from standing out from the crowd. That is, the inability of a person to abstract from the past and realize the significance of the present and the prospects of the future.
Wrong prioritization. The desire to embrace the immensity does not always end in success. No absolutely talented people. Therefore, you should not rush to extremes and try to be the best in everything.
Excessive demands on oneself and others. Obsession with the perfect completion of a task of any complexity hinders overall result. Focusing on the little things misses the main task. In addition, such an approach is very exhausting: both mentally and physically.
CHARISMATIC TEST
1. When I listen to cool music, my body automatically starts to sway to the beat.
2. I always try to dress fashionably.
5. When I laugh, everyone in the neighborhood hears it.
4. I always pay attention to details.
5. When I talk on the phone, I express my feelings loudly and openly.
6. I am always prepared.
7. Friends often tell me about their problems and ask for advice.
8. I use to-do lists.
9. I try to work on something until it's perfect.
10. People say I would make a good actor.
11. I make plans and follow them.
12. Sometimes I forget to put food back in the fridge.
13. I'm good at solving charades.
14. People usually think that I'm younger than I really am.
15. At parties, I'm always in the thick of people.
16. When I talk with close friends, I often touch them - hug, pat, put my hand on my shoulder or knee.
Calculate your points for answers 1,3,5,7,10,13,15,16. It's really important questions, the rest simply supplement the test to complicate the conscious selection of answers.
And now the results.
From 0 to 37 points. 25% of people score in this range. Perhaps you are shy by nature or have become so through a strict upbringing. Or you just do not like to attract attention and prefer to spend time alone.
From 38 to 49 points. Most people fall into this category. You can be successful in communication, but not due to natural charm, but due to social skills and intelligence. You can also use non-verbal techniques, but you will have to use them consciously, not instinctively, as more charismatic people do.
From 50 to 60. People with such scores have natural magnetism. You are an extrovert and a natural leader, although there are enemies in your environment as you stand out from the crowd. Sometimes you feel burdened with attention and responsibility for your followers.
From 61 to 72. You are one of the lucky 5% who scored so high. You are one of those people in whose presence the room becomes brighter. You know how to emotionally charge other people and at the same time feel what they experience.
The emotions of people with high scores are transmitted instinctively, even without the help of speech. This confirms the experiment of the same Dr. Friedman.
After creating another test, similar in content to the one above, but consisting of 30 questions, Friedman conducted an experiment on the transmission of emotions by more and less charismatic people.
The scientist selected a few dozen people who scored high on the test, and a few people with the lowest scores. Then he asked all participants to fill out a questionnaire that determined their feelings at the moment: joy, sadness, sadness, anxiety.
Friedman then placed the high-scoring participants in separate rooms and matched up with two low-scoring participants. Participants simply sat together for 2 minutes without talking or even looking at each other.
In just 2 minutes without a word, people with low scores adopted the mood of participants with high scores.
This is high emotional expressiveness, which helps people to infect others with their ideas and moods even without words.