Why global problems require the solution of the whole world. The main problems of the modern world

Global problems of our time is a set of the most acute, vital universal problems, the successful solution of which requires the combined efforts of all states. These are problems on the solution of which further social progress, the fate of the entire world civilization depends.

These include, first of all, the following:

prevention of the threat of nuclear war;

overcoming the ecological crisis and its consequences;

· resolution of energy, raw materials and food crises;

Reducing the gap in the level of economic development between the developed countries of the West and the developing countries of the “third world”,

stabilization of the demographic situation on the planet.

combating transnational organized crime and international terrorism,

· Health protection and prevention of the spread of AIDS, drug addiction.

The common features of global problems are that they:

· acquired a truly planetary, global character, affecting the interests of the peoples of all states;

· threaten humanity with a serious regression in the further development of the productive forces, in the conditions of life itself;

· need urgent solutions and actions to overcome and prevent dangerous consequences and threats to the life support and security of citizens;

· require collective efforts and actions on the part of all states, the entire world community.

Ecological problems

The irresistible growth of production, the consequences of scientific and technological progress and unreasonable use of natural resources today put the world under the threat of a global environmental catastrophe. A detailed consideration of the prospects for the development of mankind, taking into account actual natural processes, leads to the need to sharply limit the pace and volume of production, because their further uncontrolled growth can push us beyond the line, beyond which it will no longer be in enough all necessary resources necessary for human life, including clean air and water. Consumer society, formed today, thoughtlessly and non-stop wasting resources, puts humanity on the brink of a global catastrophe.

In recent decades, the general condition has deteriorated markedly water resources - rivers, lakes, reservoirs, inland seas. Meanwhile global water consumption has doubled between 1940 and 1980, and, according to experts, doubled again by 2000. Under the influence of economic activity water resources are depleted, small rivers disappear, water withdrawal in large reservoirs is reduced. Eighty countries, which account for 40% of the world's population, are currently experiencing water shortage.

sharpness demographic problem cannot be assessed in abstraction from economic and social factors. Shifts in growth rates and population structure are taking place in the face of persistently deep disproportions in the distribution of the world economy. Accordingly, in countries with a large economic potential the overall level of spending on health care, education, and the preservation of the natural environment is immeasurably higher, and, as a result, life expectancy is much higher than in the group of developing countries.

As for the countries of Eastern Europe and the former USSR, where 6.7% of the world's population lives, they lag behind economically developed countries by 5 times

Socio-economic problems, the problem of the growing gap between highly developed countries and third world countries (the so-called `North - South` problem)

One of the most serious problems of our time is the problems of socio-economic development. Today there is one trend - the poor get poorer and the rich get richer. The so-called `civilized world` (USA, Canada, Japan, Western European countries - about 26 states in total - about 23% of the world population) currently consumes 70 to 90% of the goods produced.

The problem of relations between the `First` and `Third` worlds was called the `North - South` problem. Regarding her, there is two opposite concepts:

· The reason for the backwardness of the countries of the poor `South` is the so-called `Vicious circle of poverty`, in which they fall, and the offset of which they cannot begin effective development. Many economists of the `North`, adherents of this point of view, believe that the `South` is to blame for their troubles.

that the main responsibility for the poverty of the countries of the modern `Third World` is precisely the `civilized world`, because it was with the participation and under the dictation of the richest countries in the world that the process of forming the modern economic system took place, and, naturally, these countries found themselves in a deliberately more advantageous position, which today allowed them to form the so-called. `golden billion`, plunging the rest of humanity into the abyss of poverty, mercilessly exploiting both the mineral and labor resources of countries that are out of work in the modern world.

Demographic crisis

In 1800, there were only about 1 billion people on the planet, in 1930 - 2 billion, in 1960 - already 3 billion, in 1999 humanity reached 6 billion. Today, the world's population is increasing by 148 people. per minute (247 are born, 99 die) or 259 thousand per day - these are the modern realities. At This is why world population growth is uneven. The share of developing countries in the total population of the planet has increased over the past half century from 2/3 to almost 4/5. Today, humanity is faced with the need to control population growth, because the number of people that our planet is capable of providing is still limited, especially since a possible lack of resources in the future (which will be discussed below), coupled with a huge number of people inhabiting the planet, can lead to to tragic and irreversible consequences.

Another major demographic shift is the rapid process of “rejuvenation” of the population in the group of developing countries and, conversely, the aging of residents of developed countries. The share of children under 15 in the first three post-war decades increased in most developing countries to 40-50% of their population. As a result, at present, it is in these countries that the largest part of the working population is concentrated. work force. Ensuring the employment of the huge labor resources of the developing world, especially in the poorest and poorest countries, is today one of the most acute social problems of truly international significance.

In the same time the increase in life expectancy and the slowdown in the birth rate in developed countries have led here to a significant increase in the proportion of elderly people, which entailed a huge burden on the pension, health and care systems. Governments are faced with the need to develop a new social policy capable of solving the problems of population aging in the 21st century.

Resource exhaustion problem (mineral, energy and other)

Scientific and technological progress, which gave impetus to the development of modern industry, required a sharp increase in the extraction of various types of mineral raw materials. Today every year the production of oil, gas, and other minerals is increasing. Thus, according to scientists' forecasts, at the current rate of development, oil reserves will last an average of another 40 years, natural gas reserves should last for 70 years, and coal - for 200 years. Here it should be taken into account that today humanity receives 90% of its energy from the heat of combustion of fuel (oil, coal, gas), and the rate of energy consumption is constantly growing, and this growth is not linear. Alternative energy sources are also used - nuclear, as well as wind, geothermal, solar and other types of energy. As seen, the key to the successful development of human society in the future can be not only the transition to the use of secondary raw materials, new energy sources and energy-saving technologies(which is certainly necessary), but, first of all, revision of the principles on which the modern economy is built, not looking back at any restrictions in terms of resources, except for those that may require too much money that will not be justified later.

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

federal state budgetary educational institution higher professional education

discipline: Social global studies

GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF HUMANITY AND THE WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION

Completed:

D.M. Sosedko

Krasnodar, 2014

Introduction

1. Development of globalization

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

Introduction

In the process of historical development human activity there is a breakdown of outdated technological methods, and with them the outdated social mechanisms of human interaction with nature. At the beginning human history predominantly adaptive (adaptive) mechanisms of interaction acted.

Man obeyed the forces of nature, adapted to the changes taking place in it, changing his own nature in the process. Then, as the productive forces developed, the utilitarian attitude of man to nature, to another man, prevailed.

The global situation in which humanity finds itself reflects and expresses the general crisis of human consumer attitudes towards natural and social resources. Reason pushes humanity to realize the vital need to harmonize connections and relationships in the global system "Man - Technology - Nature". In this regard, understanding the global problems of our time, their causes, interconnections, and ways to solve them is of particular importance. Thus, global problems are called those that are of a universal nature, affect the interests of humanity as a whole and each individual person almost anywhere in the world. For example, the threat of a thermonuclear catastrophe, the threat of degradation of the natural environment and ecological suicide of mankind, the food problem, the problems of combating diseases dangerous to mankind, etc.

All these problems are generated by the disunity of mankind, the unevenness of its development.

Their solution involves the unification of the efforts of a large number of states and organizations at the international level.

1. Development of globalization

The global problems of modernity should be understood as a set of problems on the solution of which the further existence of civilization depends.

Global problems are generated by the uneven development of different areas of the life of modern mankind and the contradictions generated in the socio-economic, political, ideological, socio-natural and other relations of people. These problems affect the life of mankind as a whole.

The global problems of mankind are problems that affect the vital interests of the entire population of the planet and require the joint efforts of all states of the world for their solution.

Scientists identify two main sources of global problems of our time:

1) deepening contradictions between man and nature, which lead to the emergence of environmental, food, energy, natural and raw materials problems;

2) the expansion of the zone of contradictions between peoples, people in general, which leads to the emergence of problems of war and peace, the protection and development of the spiritual environment, demographic development, the fight against international terrorism, the spread of dangerous diseases.

One of the first, back in the 20s of the XX century, pointed out the threat of global problems of our time, scientist Vladimir Vernadsky.

In the second half of the 20th century, among the global problems of mankind, the subject of consideration was the theory of globalistics - the system scientific knowledge about the origin and current state of global problems, their classification and substantiation of practical socio-economic and political ways to solve them. The theory of global studies includes the conclusions made by famous scientists Niels Bohr, Bertrand Russell, Albert Einstein, as well as theses from the speeches of the Delhi Six countries and the Club of Rome, which has been operating since 1968. In general, the theory of globalistics as a separate scientific discipline was formed in the second half of the 60s of the XX century and went through three stages in its development:

1) the stage of the late 60s - early 70s, when attention was focused on the study of two global problems of our time: space exploration and protection environment;

2) the stage of the second half of the 1970s, when global modeling of the state and prospects for the development of world politics and world economic relations began in the context of global contradictions. It was during this period that the first attempts were made to compile a hierarchy of world problems;

3) a stage that began during the 80s of the XX century, when political and statesmen many countries of the world, the first international documents aimed at their practical solution are being developed.

Modern globalistics explores, first of all, complex problems, the solution of which will make it possible to find a practical way to solve the global problems of mankind, namely:

1) comparative analysis the main socio-cultural values of modern civilizations, the formation of a new universalism through awareness of the complexity of planetary existence;

2) comparative analysis of strategies between civilizational interaction;

3) substantiation of the concept of humanitarian consensus in the process of harmonizing the values of different civilizations;

4) comparative analysis of possible alternative ways of globalization.

2. Classification of global problems of modernity and humanity

There are many classifications of global problems of our time. One of the most popular is the one proposed by the Norwegian sociologist J. Galtung, who identified four critical situations in the second half of the 20th century:

1) the crisis of violence and the threat of violence, which now manifests itself in the threat of international terrorism;

2) the crisis of poverty and the threat of poverty;

3) the crisis of exclusion of individuals and social groups and the threat of general suppression of human rights;

4) environmental crisis and the threat of local disruption of the ecological balance.

More traditional is the classification proposed by the Polish political scientist Artur Wodnar, who distinguishes:

1) nuclear threat of destruction of civilization;

2) the problem of the depletion of natural resources, in particular energy;

3) environmental problems;

4) the food problem, i.e., the problem of providing food to the population of the Earth, which is constantly growing;

5) the demographic problem, i.e., the problem of reproduction and migration of the population, the formation of its educational potential, employment;

6) a health problem;

7) the problem of using outer space for peaceful purposes.

It would also be advisable to classify the global problems of mankind according to their nature:

1) problems of a predominantly socio-political nature (preventing a nuclear war, ending the arms race, etc.);

2) problems of a predominantly socio-economic nature (overcoming economic and cultural backwardness, solving the problem of poverty, ensuring efficient production, solving the global energy, ethical, raw materials and food crises, optimizing the demographic situation, especially in developing peaceful exploration of outer space and the oceans);

3) socio-environmental problems (environmental pollution, the need for rational use of the Earth's natural resources);

4) human problems (ensuring his fundamental rights and freedoms, overcoming alienation from nature and politics, the state).

3. Global problems of mankind

Range of interests related to ensuring peace and international security. For a long period, the system of international security was based on the nuclear deterrence of military powers. However, over time, the understanding came that a nuclear war cannot be a means of achieving foreign policy goals in an environment where the global interdependence of states has increased. The cessation of the confrontation between East and West gave rise to certain hopes for safe world. However, further developments have revealed new sources of instability and tension in the world.

The growth of international terrorism, the spread of Islamic fundamentalism, the increase in the number of local conflicts and "hot spots" on the planet - all this indicates the emergence of new dangers, threats and risks for the world community.

As before, the problem of disarmament, especially nuclear missiles, remains acute. Today, the stockpiles of weapons accumulated in the world make it possible to repeatedly destroy all of humanity. World military spending annually is about one trillion dollars. Now the world spends 60 times more on each soldier than on the education of one child. In developing countries, the rate of military spending is twice the rate of economic growth, which greatly complicates the solution of social problems.

The uncontrolled spread of weapons in the world expands the zones of terrorism and crime, contributes to the "militarization" of people's consciousness, and generates violence in everyday life.

The solution of the disarmament problem would make it possible to avert the danger of nuclear war from mankind, to free up colossal human, material and financial resources for the needs of sustainable economic and social development peoples and countries. However, numerous difficulties and obstacles still stand in the way of disarmament, among which are the enormous inertia of the arms race, the resistance of the military-industrial complexes, the large-scale international arms trade, local wars and armed conflicts, the growth of terrorist and criminal organizations, etc.

Among the global socio-economic problems, three can be distinguished - the problem of economic backwardness, demographic and food problems.

The first of these three problems is manifested in the enormous backwardness of the developing countries, their inability to establish efficient production, provide themselves with food, eliminate poverty, solve numerous social problems. The gap in all socio-economic indicators between these countries and the highly developed states reaches colossal proportions and continues to widen. This deepens the division of the world into rich and poor countries, creates tension in relations between them, and gives rise to the instability of the world system as a whole. The solution of this global problem requires, on the one hand, broad progressive reforms in the backward countries themselves and the modernization of their national economies. And on the other hand, the provision of effective assistance to these countries by the world community, the revision and cancellation of part of external debts, the provision of gratuitous loans and soft loans, the restructuring of international trade on more equitable principles, the creation and establishment of a new world economic order.

Two other global problems, demographic and food, are closely connected with the problem of economic backwardness. As a result of the "population explosion" in the second half of the XX century. world population has more than doubled during this period to beginning of XXI in. 6 billion people. At the same time, more than 80% of population growth is in the developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. According to some forecasts, in the near future more than 90% of the world's population will be concentrated in these countries.

This demographic situation is whole line negative consequences: uneven distribution of the population in relation to vital resources, increased destructive impact on the environment, overpopulation and growing poverty in backward countries, the emergence of uncontrolled migration flows, the deterioration of people's living conditions, etc.

The "population explosion" especially exacerbated the food problem in developing countries. According to the UN, 800 million people here live on the verge of starvation, and 40 million die of starvation. It has been calculated that a 20-30% decrease in the world's food resources, with a continuous increase in population, will have catastrophic consequences for developing countries. Already, the global grain deficit is 10-12 million tons annually.

The solution to this global problem, first of all, is connected with the creation of highly efficient agricultural production in developing countries. The implementation of the so-called "green revolution" in them (a sharp rise in agricultural production based on the widespread use of advanced technologies) would make it possible to feed the population 2-3 times more than the current one. It should also be borne in mind that the current opportunities for obtaining food in the world as a whole are far from being fully realized. So, of all the areas suitable for agriculture, only 40% are used for their intended purpose.

It is possible to significantly increase the production and extraction of food in the oceans. Finally, it is necessary to revise the largely unfair system of distribution of food supplies in the world, to expand food aid to economically backward countries.

Global socio-environmental problems are being brought to the fore today due to the growing danger of destruction of the natural human environment. Modern ecological crisis expressed in pollution of the air and water basins of the Earth, global climate change, deforestation, disappearance of many plant and animal species, soil erosion, reduction of fertile land, etc.

At present, about 1 billion tons of waste, including toxic ones, are emitted into the atmosphere, water and soil every year. Deforestation is 18 times higher than its growth.

One centimeter of black soil, which has been accumulating for 300 years, is now being destroyed in three years. The greenhouse effect, "ozone holes", "acid rain", poisoned rivers and lakes, flooded vast territories, ecological disaster zones - all these are the consequences of the destructive human impact on the environment.

Solving environmental problems involves the development and implementation of environmental programs at the national, regional and international levels.

Of particular importance are the joint activities of the countries of the world community to improve the composition of the atmosphere, preserve the ozone layer of the planet, rational use natural resources, the establishment of international environmental standards and control in the field of environmental protection, the introduction of waste-free and environmentally friendly technologies, the creation of environmental protection systems, etc.

In modern conditions, an integral integral part environmental policy is becoming the domestic and foreign policy of the states of the world community, the main content of which is the optimization of socio-natural processes, environmental protection.

A necessary condition for the effectiveness of environmental policy is the creation of environmental legislation that provides for liability for its violation and a broad system of measures to encourage environmental protection (for example, the introduction of tax incentives for environmentally friendly industries).

An important task today is the development of environmental education, which is understood as the process of acquiring knowledge about environmental problems, their causes, the need and possibility of their solution. The expansion of the environmental education system should contribute to the formation of environmental consciousness and environmental culture. It is also necessary to constantly and truthfully inform people about the state of their environment.

Global social and humanitarian problems cover a wide range of issues directly related to Man. These are the material and spiritual insecurity of life, the violation of the rights and freedoms of the individual, the physical and mental ill health of a person, grief and suffering from wars and violence, etc.

Natural disasters, local wars, bloody ethnic conflicts sometimes lead to real humanitarian disasters, the elimination of the consequences of which requires the combined efforts of the countries of the world community. The growing flows of refugees, the total number of which reaches 50 million people worldwide a year, create serious difficulties for many countries (providing huge masses of people with food, housing, their employment, the danger of the spread of epidemics, crime, drug addiction, etc.). Largely similar problems are generated by illegal migration, which overwhelms the prosperous countries of the world.

Environmental pollution leads to growth serious illnesses people, in particular cardiovascular and oncological. Of particular danger today is AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), from which about 6 million people have already died. The World Health Organization (WHO) is also concerned about an unhealthy lifestyle, the spread of drug addiction, alcoholism, smoking, an increase in mental disorders, etc.

In Russia, the aggravation of these and many other problems has led to a decrease in the average life expectancy of the population. If in 1987 it was 74.6 years for women and almost 65 years for men, then in the second half of the 1990s. - for about 72 years for women and only 58 years for men. Some researchers consider such a high difference in life expectancy between men and women to be a specifically Russian phenomenon and explain it mainly by the spread of drunkenness and alcoholism. Thus, global problems are closely intertwined with each other and, in the end, all of them "go out" to the Human.

They are based on contradictions on a planetary scale that affect the very existence of modern civilization. Awareness of the growing threats to humanity has prompted many scientists around the world to join forces to study global problems and find ways to solve them. In 1968, the Club of Rome emerged - an international non-governmental organization that brings together scientists, political and public figures from many countries of the world.

The founder of this organization was a prominent Italian economist, businessman and public figure A. Peccei (1908-1984). Gained widespread fame research projects Club of Rome "Limits to Growth" (1972), "Humanity at the Turning Point" (1974), "Goals for Humanity" (1977), "Third World: Three Quarters of the World" (1980) and others.

They forced us to take a fresh look at many aspects of modern civilization, to change traditional ideas about the possibilities of economic growth and the use of natural resources.

The conclusions and recommendations of the scientists of the Club of Rome, their forecasts and initiatives in the field of planetary modeling, the construction of the first computer "models of the world", the development of specific issues of the future society had a great impact on the world community and stimulated activity aimed at solving the global problems of our time.

4. Ways to solve the global problems of mankind

The solution of these problems is today an urgent task for all mankind. The survival of people depends on when and how they begin to be solved. There are the following ways to solve the global problems of our time:

1) Prevention of a world war with the use of thermonuclear weapons and other means of mass destruction that threaten the destruction of civilization. This implies curbing the arms race, prohibiting the creation and use of weapons systems of mass destruction, human and material resources, the elimination of nuclear weapons, etc.;

2) Overcoming the economic and cultural inequality between the peoples inhabiting the industrialized countries of the West and East and the developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America;

3) Overcoming the crisis state of interaction between mankind and nature, which is characterized by catastrophic consequences in the form of unprecedented environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. This makes it necessary to develop measures aimed at the economical use of natural resources and the reduction of pollution of soil, water and air by waste products of material production;

3) Decrease in population growth rates in developing countries and overcoming the demographic crisis in developed capitalist countries;

4) Prevention of the negative consequences of the modern scientific and technological revolution;

5) Overcoming the downward trend in social health, which involves the fight against alcoholism, drug addiction, cancer, AIDS, tuberculosis and other diseases.

Specialists pin certain hopes on the restructuring of technologies, the use of clean energy sources, the use of resource-saving production cycles, the transition to an ecological economy that involves spending on protecting and restoring the environment.

Measures are also needed to optimize the demographic situation, establish a mechanism for rational use of natural resources, develop international cooperation in the field of environmental protection, and ensure the priority of universal human interests and values.

The development by the world community of a strategy for the survival of mankind will make it possible to avoid a global catastrophe and continue the forward movement of modern civilization.

Conclusion

According to many social scientists, no matter what individual problem we take from the global system, it cannot be solved without first overcoming spontaneity in development. earthly civilization without moving to coordinated and planned actions on a global scale. Only such actions, as emphasized in the futurological literature of recent decades, can and must save society, as well as its natural environment. globalization society universal

In the conditions prevailing by the beginning of the 21st century, humanity can no longer function spontaneously without the risk of catastrophe for each of the countries. The only way out is in the transition from self-regulating to controlled evolution of the world community and its natural environment.

At present, to achieve this goal, humanity has the necessary economic and financial resources, scientific and technical capabilities and intellectual potential. But to realize this opportunity, new political thinking, good will and international cooperation based on the priority of universal human interests and values are needed.

Bibliographic list

1. Global problems, their essence and search for solutions: Material for discussions

a set of problems of mankind, on the solution of which social progress and the preservation of civilization depend:

preventing a world thermonuclear war and ensuring peaceful conditions for the development of all peoples;

bridging the gap in economic level and per capita income between developed and developing countries by eliminating their backwardness, as well as eliminating hunger, poverty and illiteracy on the globe;

stopping rapid population growth ("demographic explosion" in developing countries, especially in Tropical Africa) and eliminating the danger of "depopulation" in developed countries;

prevention of catastrophic environmental pollution; ensuring the further development of mankind with the necessary natural resources;

prevention of immediate and long-term consequences of the scientific and technological revolution.

Some researchers also include the problems of healthcare, education, social values, relations between generations, etc. among the global problems of our time.

Their features are: - Have a planetary, global character, affect the interests of all peoples of the world. - Threaten degradation and/or death to all mankind. - They need urgent and effective solutions. - They require the collective efforts of all states, the joint actions of the peoples for their resolution.

Major global issues

Destruction of the natural environment

Today, the biggest and most dangerous problem is the depletion and destruction of the natural environment, the violation of the ecological balance within it as a result of the growing and poorly controlled human activities. Exceptional harm is caused by industrial and transport disasters, which lead to the mass death of living organisms, infection and pollution of the world's oceans, atmosphere, and soil. But even more negative impact is caused by continuous emissions. harmful substances into the environment. Firstly, a strong impact on people's health, all the more destructive because humanity is increasingly crowded in cities, where the concentration of harmful substances in the air, soil, atmosphere, directly in the premises, as well as in other influences (electricity, radio waves, etc.) very high. Secondly, many species of animals and plants are disappearing, and new dangerous microorganisms are emerging. Thirdly, the landscape is deteriorating, fertile lands are turning into piles, rivers into sewers, the water regime and climate are changing in places. But the biggest danger is global climate change (warming), possible, for example, due to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This can lead to the melting of glaciers. As a result, huge and densely populated areas in different regions of the world will be under water.

Air pollution

The most common atmospheric pollutants enter it mainly in two forms: either in the form of suspended particles or in the form of gases. Carbon dioxide. As a result of fuel combustion, as well as the production of cement, a huge amount of this gas enters the atmosphere. This gas itself is not poisonous. Carbon monoxide. Combustion of fuel, which creates most of the gaseous and aerosol pollution of the atmosphere, serves as a source of another carbon compound - carbon monoxide. It is poisonous, and its danger is aggravated by the fact that it has neither color nor smell, and poisoning with it can occur completely unnoticed. Currently, as a result of human activity, about 300 million tons of carbon monoxide are released into the atmosphere. Hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere as a result of human activities are a small fraction of naturally occurring hydrocarbons, but their pollution is very important. Their entry into the atmosphere can occur at any stage of production, processing, storage, transportation and use of substances and materials containing hydrocarbons. More than half of the hydrocarbons produced by humans enter the air as a result of the incomplete combustion of gasoline and diesel fuel during the operation of cars and other means of transport. Sulphur dioxide. Atmospheric pollution with sulfur compounds has important environmental consequences. The main sources of sulfur dioxide are volcanic activity, as well as the processes of oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur compounds. Sulfur sources of sulfur dioxide have long surpassed volcanoes in intensity and are now equal to the total intensity of all natural sources. Aerosol particles enter the atmosphere from natural sources. Aerosol formation processes are very diverse. This is, first of all, crushing, grinding and spraying, solids. In nature, this origin has mineral dust raised from the surface of deserts during dust storms. The source of atmospheric aerosols is of global importance, since deserts occupy about a third of the land surface, and there is also a tendency for their increased share due to unreasonable human activities. Mineral dust from the surface of deserts is carried by the wind for many thousands of kilometers. Volcanic ash that enters the atmosphere during eruptions occurs relatively rarely and irregularly, as a result of which this aerosol source is significantly inferior in mass to dust storms, its significance is very large, since this aerosol is thrown into the upper layers of the atmosphere - into the stratosphere. Remains there, for several years, it reflects or absorbs part of the solar energy, which in its absence could reach the Earth's surface. The source of aerosols is also the technological processes of people's economic activities. A powerful source of mineral dust is the building materials industry. The extraction and crushing of rocks in quarries, their transportation, the production of cement, the construction itself - all this pollutes the atmosphere with mineral particles. A powerful source of solid aerosols is the mining industry, especially in the extraction of coal and ore in open pits. Aerosols enter the atmosphere when spraying solutions. The natural source of such aerosols is the ocean, which supplies chloride and sulfate aerosols, formed as a result of the evaporation of sea spray. Another powerful mechanism for the formation of aerosols is the condensation of substances during combustion or incomplete combustion due to lack of oxygen or low combustion temperature. Aerosols are removed from the atmosphere in three ways: dry deposition by gravity (the main route for large particles), deposition on obstacles, and sedimentation. Aerosol pollution affects weather and climate. Chemical inactive aerosols accumulate in the lungs and lead to damage. Ordinary quartz sand and other silicates - micas, clays, asbestos, etc. accumulates in the lungs and penetrates into the blood, leads to diseases of the cardiovascular system and liver disease.

Soil pollution

Almost all pollutants that are initially released into the atmosphere end up on land and water. Settling aerosols may contain toxic heavy metals - lead, mercury, copper, vanadium, cobalt, nickel. Usually they are inactive and accumulate in the soil. But acids also get into the soil with rain. By combining with it, metals can turn into soluble compounds available to plants. Substances that are constantly present in the soil also pass into soluble forms, which sometimes leads to the death of plants.

Water pollution

The water used by man is eventually returned to the natural environment. But, apart from evaporated water, it is no longer pure water, but domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewater, usually not treated or treated insufficiently. Thus, there is pollution of freshwater reservoirs - rivers, lakes, land and coastal areas of the seas. There are three types of water pollution - biological, chemical and physical. Pollution of the oceans and seas is due to the entry of pollutants with river runoff, their precipitation from the atmosphere, and, finally, due to human activities. A special place in the pollution of the oceans is occupied by pollution with oil and oil products. Natural pollution occurs as a result of oil seepage from oil-bearing layers, mainly on the shelf. The greatest contribution to oil pollution of the ocean is made by sea transportation of oil, as well as sudden spills of large quantities of oil during tanker accidents.

Ozone Layer Problems

On average, about 100 tons of ozone is formed and disappears every second in the Earth's atmosphere. Even with a small increase in the dose, a person has burns on the skin. Skin cancer diseases, as well as eye diseases, leading to blindness, are associated with an increase in the intensity of UV radiation. The biological effect of UV radiation is due to the high sensitivity of nucleic acids, which can be destroyed, which leads to cell death or the occurrence of mutations. The world has learned about the global environmental problem of "ozone holes". First of all, the destruction of the ozone layer is the increasingly developing civil aviation and chemical industries. Applications of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture; chlorination drinking water, the widespread use of freons in refrigeration, fire extinguishing, as solvents and in aerosols has led to the fact that millions of tons of chlorofluoromethanes enter the lower atmosphere in the form of a colorless neutral gas. Spreading upwards, chlorofluoromentormethanes under the action of UV radiation are destroyed, releasing fluorine and chlorine, which actively enter into the processes of ozone destruction.

air temperature problem

Although air temperature is the most important characteristic, it certainly does not exhaust the concept of climate, for the description of which (and corresponds to its changes) it is important to know a number of other characteristics: air humidity, cloudiness, precipitation, air flow, etc. Unfortunately, data that would characterize changes in these quantities over a long period on the scale of the entire globe or hemisphere are currently absent or very scarce. Work on the collection, processing and analysis of such data is underway, and if there is hope that soon it will be possible to more fully assess climate change in the twentieth century. Precipitation data seem to be better than others, although this characteristic of the climate is very difficult to objectively globally analyze. An important characteristic of the climate is "cloudiness", which largely determines the influx of solar energy. Unfortunately, data on changes in global cloudiness for the entire centennial period not available. a) The problem of acid rain. When studying acid rain, one must first answer two basic questions: what causes acid rain and how it affects the environment. About 200 mil. Solid particles (dust, soot, etc.) 200 mil. tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2), 700.mil. tons of carbon monoxide, 150.mil. tons of nitrogen oxides (Nox), which in total is more than 1 billion tons of harmful substances. Acid rain (or, more correctly), acid precipitation, since the fallout of harmful substances can occur both in the form of rain and in the form of snow, hail, causes environmental, economic and aesthetic damage. As a result of acid precipitation, the balance in ecosystems is disturbed, soil productivity deteriorates, metal structures rust, buildings, structures, architectural monuments, etc. are destroyed. sulfur dioxide is adsorbed on the leaves, penetrates inside and takes part in oxidative processes. This entails genetic and species changes in plants. First of all, some lichens die, they are considered "indicators" of clean air. Countries should strive to limit and gradually reduce air pollution, including pollution that goes beyond the borders of their state.

The problem of the greenhouse effect

Carbon dioxide is one of the main culprits of the "greenhouse effect", which is why other known "greenhouse gases" (and there are about 40 of them) account for only about half of global warming. Just as in a greenhouse, a glass roof and walls allow solar radiation to pass through, but do not allow heat to escape, so does carbon dioxide along with other “greenhouse gases”. They are practically transparent to the sun's rays, but they delay the thermal radiation of the Earth and prevent it from escaping into space. The increase in the average global air temperature must inevitably lead to an even more significant decrease in continental glaciers. Climate warming is leading to the melting of polar ice and rising sea levels. Global warming can cause a shift in the main areas of agriculture to temperature, large floods, persistent droughts, forest fires. Following the upcoming climate change, changes in the position of natural zones will inevitably come a) reduction in coal consumption, replacement of its natural gases, b) development of nuclear energy, c) development of alternative types of energy (wind, solar, geothermal) d) global energy savings. But the problem of global warming to some extent at the moment is still compensated due to the fact that another problem has developed on its basis. Global dimming problem! At the moment, the temperature of the planet has risen by only one degree in a hundred years. But according to the calculations of scientists, it should have risen to higher values. But due to global dimming, the effect was reduced. The mechanism of the problem is based on the fact that: the rays of sunlight that must pass through the clouds and reach the surface and, as a result, raise the temperature of the planet and increase the effect of global warming, cannot pass through the clouds and are reflected from them, and therefore never reach the surface of the planet. And it is thanks to this effect that the atmosphere of the planet does not heat up rapidly. It would seem easier to do nothing and leave both factors alone, but if this happens, then human health will be in danger.

The problem of overpopulation

The number of earthlings is growing rapidly, albeit at a constantly slowing pace. But each person consumes a large number of various natural resources. Moreover, at present, this growth is primarily in the underdeveloped or underdeveloped countries. However, they are guided by the development of the state, where the level of well-being is very high, and the amount of resources consumed by each inhabitant is huge. If we imagine that the entire population of the Earth (the main part of which today lives in poverty, or even starves) will have a standard of living as in Western Europe or the US, our planet just can't take it. But to believe that the majority of earthlings will always vegetate in poverty, ignorance and squalor is unfair, inhumane and unfair. The rapid economic development of China, India, Mexico and a number of other populous countries refute this assumption. Consequently, there is only one way out - birth control with a simultaneous decrease in mortality and an increase in the quality of life. However, birth control runs into many obstacles. Among them are reactionary social relations, the huge role of religion, which encourages large families; primitive communal forms of management in which large families benefit; illiteracy and ignorance, poor development of medicine, etc. Consequently, backward countries have, in front of them, a tight knot the most difficult problems. However, very often in backward countries those who put their own or tribal interests above state interests rule, they use the ignorance of the masses for their own selfish purposes (including wars, repressions and other things), the growth of armaments and similar things. The problem of ecology, overpopulation and backwardness is directly related to the threat of possible food shortages in the near future. Today in a large number of countries due to rapid population growth and insufficient development of agriculture of modern methods. However, the possibilities of increasing its productivity, apparently, are not unlimited. After all, an increase in the use of mineral fertilizers, pesticides, etc. leads to a deterioration in the environmental situation and an increasing concentration of substances harmful to humans in food. On the other hand, the development of cities and technology takes a lot of fertile land out of circulation. Especially harmful is the lack of good drinking water.

Problems of energy resources.

Artificially low prices misled consumers and triggered the second phase of the energy crisis. Today, energy obtained from fossil fuels is used to maintain and increase the achieved level of consumption. But since the state of the environment is deteriorating, energy and labor will have to be spent on stabilizing the environment, which the biosphere can no longer cope with. But then more than 99 percent of electrical and labor costs will be spent on environmental stabilization. But the maintenance and development of civilization remains less than one percent. There is no alternative to increasing energy production yet. But nuclear energy has come under a powerful press of public opinion, hydropower is expensive, and non-traditional types of energy production - solar, wind, tidal - are under development. What remains is ... traditional thermal power engineering, and with it the dangers associated with atmospheric pollution. The work of many economists have shown: electricity consumption per capita is a very representative indicator of the standard of living in a country. Electricity is a commodity that can be spent on your needs or sold for rubles.

The problem of AIDS and drug addiction.

Fifteen years ago it would hardly have been foreseen that the means mass media there will be so much attention to the disease that has received the short name AIDS - "acquired immunodeficiency syndrome". Now the geography of the disease is striking. The World Health Organization estimates that at least 100,000 cases of AIDS have been detected worldwide since the start of the epidemic. The disease was found in 124 countries. Most of them are in the USA. The social, economic and purely humanitarian costs of this disease are already high, and the future is not so optimistic as to seriously count on a speedy solution to this problem. No less evil is the international mafia and especially drug addiction, which poisons the health of tens of millions of people and creates a fertile environment for crime and disease. Even today, even in developed countries, there are countless diseases, including mental ones. In theory, hemp fields should be guarded by workers of the state farm - the owner of the plantation. The foreman's are red from constant lack of sleep. Understanding this problem, one must take into account that in this small North Caucasian republic there is no poppy and hemp planting - neither public nor private. The Republic has become a "transshipment base" for Datura dealers from various regions. The growth of drug addiction and the fight against the authorities resembles a monster with which he fights. This is how the term “drug mafia” arose, which today has become a synonym for millions of ruined lives, broken hopes and destinies, a synonym for a catastrophe that has befallen a whole generation of young people. In recent years, part of the drug mafia's profits has been spent on strengthening its "material base". That is why the caravans with the "white death" in the "golden triangle" are accompanied by detachments of armed mercenaries. The drug mafia has its own runways and so on. A war has been declared against the drug mafia, in which tens of thousands of people and the latest achievements of science and technology are involved on the part of governments. Among the most commonly used drugs are cocaine and heroin. The health consequences are exacerbated by the use of two or more types of different drugs alternately, as well as by special dangerous ways reception. Those who inject them into a vein face a new danger - they put them at great risk of contracting acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which can lead to death. Among the reasons for the growing addiction to drugs are young people who are unemployed, but even those who have a job are afraid of losing it, whatever it may be. There are, of course, reasons for a “personal” nature - there is no relationship with parents, no luck in love. And drugs in a difficult moment, thanks to the "concerns" of the drug mafia, are always at hand ... The "White Death" is not satisfied with the positions won, feeling the growing demand for their goods, the sellers of poison and death continue their offensive.

The problem of thermonuclear war.

No matter how serious dangers for mankind may be accompanied by all other global problems, they are even remotely incomparable in the aggregate with the catastrophic demographic, ecological and other consequences of the world thermonuclear war, which threatens the very existence of civilization and life on our planet. Back in the late 70s, scientists believed that a world thermonuclear war would be accompanied by the death of many hundreds of millions of people and the resolution of world civilization. Studies on the likely consequences of a thermonuclear war have revealed that even 5% of the nuclear arsenal of the great powers accumulated to date will be enough to plunge our planet into an irreversible environmental catastrophe: the soot rising into the atmosphere from incinerated cities and forest fires will create a screen impenetrable to sunlight and will lead to a drop in temperature by tens of degrees, so that even in the tropical zone a long polar night will come. The priority of preventing a world thermonuclear war is determined not only by its consequences, but also by the fact that a non-violent world without nuclear weapons creates the need for prerequisites and guarantees for the scientific and practical solution of all other global problems in the conditions of international cooperation.

Chapter III. The relationship of global problems. All global problems of our time are closely connected with each other and mutually determined, so that their isolated solution is practically impossible. Thus, ensuring the further economic development of mankind with natural resources obviously presupposes the prevention of increasing environmental pollution, otherwise this will lead to ecological disaster on a planetary scale. That is why both of these global problems are rightly called environmental and even with a certain reason are considered as two sides of a single environmental problem. In turn, this environmental problem can be solved only on the path of a new type of environmental development, fruitfully using the potential of the scientific and technological revolution, while preventing its negative consequences. And although the pace of ecological growth over the past four decades as a whole in developing times, this gap has increased. Statistical calculations show that if the annual population growth in developing countries were the same as in developed countries, then the contrast between them in terms of per capita income would have been reduced by now. Up to 1:8 and could be in comparable sizes per capita twice as high as now. However, this "demographic explosion" in developing countries, according to scientists, is due to their continuing economic, social and cultural backwardness. The inability of mankind to develop at least one of the global problems will most negatively affect the possibility of solving all the others. In the view of some Western scientists, the interconnection and interdependence of global problems form a kind of “vicious circle” of disasters insoluble for humanity, from which there is either no way out at all, or the only salvation lies in the immediate cessation of ecological growth and population growth. This approach to global problems is accompanied by various alarmist, pessimistic forecasts of the future of mankind.

Christianity

Christianity originated in the 1st century in Israel in the context of the messianic movements of Judaism.

Christianity has Jewish roots. Yeshua (Jesus) was brought up as a Jew, observed the Torah, attended the synagogue on Shabbat, observed holidays. The apostles, the first disciples of Yeshua, were Jews.

According to the New Testament text of the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 11:26), the noun "Χριστιανοί" - Christians, adherents (or followers) of Christ, first came into use to refer to the supporters of the new faith in the Syrian-Hellenistic city of Antioch in the 1st century.

Initially, Christianity spread among the Jews of Palestine and the Mediterranean diaspora, but already from the first decades, thanks to the sermons of the Apostle Paul, it gained more and more followers among other peoples (“pagans”). Until the 5th century, the spread of Christianity took place mainly within the geographical boundaries of the Roman Empire, as well as in the sphere of its cultural influence (Armenia, eastern Syria, Ethiopia), later (mainly in the 2nd half of the 1st millennium) - among the Germanic and Slavic peoples, later (by the XIII-XIV centuries) - also among the Baltic and Finnish peoples. into new and modern times The spread of Christianity outside Europe was due to colonial expansion and the activities of missionaries.

Currently, the number of adherents of Christianity around the world exceeds 1 billion [source?], of which in Europe - about 475 million, in Latin America - about 250 million, in North America - about 155 million, in Asia - about 100 million, in Africa - about 110 million; Catholics - about 660 million, Protestants - about 300 million (including 42 million Methodists and 37 million Baptists), Orthodox and adherents of the "non-Chalcedonian" religions of the East (Monophysites, Nestorians, etc.) - about 120 million.

Main Features of the Christian Religion

1) spiritualistic monotheism, deepened by the doctrine of the trinity of Persons in the single essence of the Godhead. This teaching gave and gives rise to the deepest philosophical and religious speculations, revealing the depth of its content over the centuries from new and new sides:

2) the concept of God as an absolutely perfect Spirit, not only absolute Reason and Omnipotence, but also absolute Goodness and Love (God is love);

3) the doctrine of the absolute value of the human person as an immortal, spiritual being, created by God in His own image and likeness, and the doctrine of the equality of all people in their relationship to God: all the same, they are loved by Him, as children by the Heavenly Father, all are destined for eternal blissful existence in union with God, everyone is given the means to achieve this destiny - free will and divine grace;

4) the doctrine of the ideal purpose of man, which consists in infinite, all-round, spiritual improvement (be perfect, as your Heavenly Father is perfect);

5) the doctrine of the complete dominance of the spiritual principle over matter: God is the unconditional Lord of matter, as its Creator: He has entrusted man with dominance over the material world in order to fulfill his ideal purpose through the material body and in the material world; Thus, Christianity, dualistic in metaphysics (since it accepts two foreign substances - spirit and matter), is monistic as a religion, for it puts matter in unconditional dependence on the spirit, as a creation and environment for the activity of the spirit. Therefore it

6) equally far from metaphysical and moral materialism, and from hatred towards matter and the material world as such. Evil is not in matter and not from matter, but from the perverted free will of spiritual beings (angels and humans), from which it passed to matter (“Cursed is the earth in your deeds,” God says to Adam; at creation, everything was “great good ").

7) the doctrine of the resurrection of the flesh and the bliss of the resurrected flesh of the righteous together with their souls in the enlightened, eternal, material world and

8) in the second cardinal dogma of Christianity - in the doctrine of the God-Man, of the Eternal Son of God, who was truly incarnated and incarnated to save people from sin, damnation and death, identified by the Christian church with its Founder, Jesus Christ. Thus, Christianity, for all its impeccable idealism, is a religion of the harmony of matter and spirit; it does not curse or deny any of the spheres of human activity, but ennobles them all, inspiring to remember that all of them are only means for a person to achieve spiritual god-like perfection.

In addition to these features, the indestructibility of the Christian religion is facilitated by:

1) the essential metaphysical nature of its content, which makes it invulnerable to scientific and philosophical criticism, and

2) for the Catholic Churches of East and West - the doctrine of the infallibility of the Church in matters of dogma by virtue of the Holy Spirit acting in it at all times - a doctrine that, in the correct understanding, protects it, in particular, from historical and historical-philosophical criticism.

These traits, carried by Christianity through two millennia, despite the abyss of misunderstandings, passions, attacks, sometimes unsuccessful defenses, despite all the abyss of evil that was done and is done supposedly in the name of Christianity, lead to the fact that if the Christian teaching could always be accepted and not to accept, to believe in it or not to believe it, then it cannot be refuted and never will be possible. To these features of the attractiveness of the Christian religion, it is necessary to add one more and by no means the last: the incomparable Personality of its Founder. To renounce Christ is perhaps even more difficult than to renounce Christianity.

Today in Christianity there are the following main directions:

Catholicism.

Orthodoxy

Protestantism

Catholicism or Catholicism(from the Greek καθολικός - worldwide; for the first time in relation to the church, the term "η Καθολικη Εκκλησία" was used around 110 in a letter from St. , formed in the 1st millennium on the territory of the Western Roman Empire. The final break with Eastern Orthodoxy occurred in 1054.

Orthodoxy(tracing paper from Greek ὀρθοδοξία - “correct judgment, glorification”)

The term can be used in 3 close, but distinctly different meanings:

1. Historically, as well as in theological literature, sometimes in the expression "Orthodoxy of Jesus Christ", denotes a doctrine approved by the universal Church - as opposed to heresy. The term came into use at the end of IV and was often used in doctrinal documents as a synonym for the term "catholic" (in the Latin tradition - "catholic") (καθολικός).

2. In modern broad word usage, it denotes a direction in Christianity that took shape in the east of the Roman Empire during the first millennium AD. e. under the leadership and with the title role of the See of the Bishop of Constantinople - New Rome, which professes the Niceno-Tsaregradsky Creed and recognizes the decisions of the 7 Ecumenical Councils.

3. The totality of teachings and spiritual practices that the Orthodox Church contains. The latter refers to the community of autocephalous local churches having Eucharistic communion with each other (lat. Communicatio in sacris).

It is lexicologically incorrect in Russian to use the terms "orthodoxy" or "orthodox" in any of the given meanings, although such usage is sometimes found in secular literature.

Protestantism(from lat. protestans, genus n. protestantis - publicly proving) - one of the three, along with Catholicism (see Papacy) and Orthodoxy, the main areas of Christianity, which is a collection of numerous and independent Churches and denominations, associated with their origin with the Reformation - a broad anti-Catholic movement of the 16th century in Europe.

Olga Nagornyuk

Problems of modern society: what will be the consequences?

The problems of modern society are mostly caused by the consumer attitude of a person to the environment and changing life priorities. Once upon a time, man fought for survival by hunting wild animals and growing bread, today his goal has become to gain wealth and power.

Characteristics of modern society

Sociologists studying the problems of modern society have called it post-industrial, not finding a better word to describe the existing model of relations. The post-industrial form of unification of people was preceded by agrarian and industrial systems.

The first existed from the moment when homo sapiens began to cultivate the land, trying to secure food and a minimum livelihood. The second appeared with the development of production, when agriculture faded into the background, and industry came to the fore.

The transition to a service society marked the emergence of a post-industrial formation, in which informatization and technological innovations come first.

The characteristic features of modern society are the globalization of the economy and the predominance of the service sector over industry and agriculture. When we talk about the service sector, we mean, first of all, informatization. In other words, in modern society, the main source of income is not production, but information resources.

Global problems of modern society

It would seem that progress and a shift in emphasis towards information technology should have a positive impact on the state of society. However, the result was ambiguous.

Information is not able to feed and provide for the urgent needs of a person - this is the prerogative of the agricultural sector and industry, and they have not gone away, they just moved from one country to another.

Have you noticed that there are practically no goods made in the USA on sale, but a lot of products imported from China? The developed countries, pursuing the goal of reducing the cost of their products due to inexpensive labor and reducing the environmental burden on their territories, they transferred most of their production to the countries of the "second" and "third" world.

Threat to ecology

However, this did not solve environmental problem: states do not exist in isolation from each other, and the greenhouse effect has the same Negative influence to all countries.

Where is the exit? Switch to environmentally friendly modes of transport - electric cars and bicycles, switch to natural sources of energy, generating it from the power of wind and solar heat.

There are developments in this direction, but transnational corporations hamper the introduction of environmental technologies, since they receive huge profits from the sale of oil used in the production of gasoline and diesel fuel.

overpopulation

Another problem of modern society is overpopulation.

Scientists warn: exceeding the population of 12 billion will lead to the destruction of the planet's ecosystem, as a result, about 5 billion people will be on the verge of death due to heat and hunger.

Today, more than 7 billion people live on the planet, according to UN forecasts, at the current rate of population growth in 2100, the number of inhabitants of the Earth will reach 11 billion.

Both fantastic (migration to other planets) and striking in their cruelty (the third world war) are called as ways to solve this problem.

However, the most optimal way to control the population is called birth control. The ethical side of this issue may cause indignation in someone. However, here humanity will have to choose the lesser of evils: to prevent the birth of a child or to let him be born in order to die in agony.

Lack of energy resources

Lack of energy resources can cause the collapse of civilization. The reserves of oil, coal and gas in the bowels of the planet will be enough for mankind for about 170 years.

Without these minerals, power plants will stop, production will stop, virtual information exchange will become impossible; humanity, deprived of the benefits of civilization, will be on the verge of extinction and degradation.

How to avoid it? Develop alternative sources energy. But research in this direction is moving slowly for the reasons we mentioned above.

Social problems of modern society

The development of society has led to a shift in priorities and the substitution of moral values for material ones.

Desire to provide for yourself and your loved ones comfortable conditions existence has grown into a thirst for profit, status and position in society are valued above moral qualities, and developed countries largely survive at the expense of third world countries, using their labor and natural resources.

Changing the Scale of Values

Arguing their actions with the human right to freedom of choice, some states have legalized prostitution and drugs, thereby forming in the minds of the younger generation new system values, where the sale of one's own body is equated with the work of a doctor and teacher, and marijuana smoking becomes the norm.

High crime rate

The world still has a high level of crime. According to this indicator, the absolute leader is Honduras, where there are 90 premeditated murders per 100,000 people. There is a pattern: the lower the level of spirituality in society and the degree of development of this society, the higher the crime there.

The functions of the formation of spirituality in society have always been assigned to the family, the church and art. If modern parents begin to put the principles of honesty and humanity into their children's heads, spiritual fathers will be an example for their flock, and writers will begin to focus not on circulation and income, but on high artistry of works, we will have a chance to revive spirituality and overcome crime.

Prostitution and drug addiction

Drug addiction and alcoholism is a social evil, which is based on dissatisfaction and the desire to get away from problems. In fact, a person experiences spiritual devastation, and society is to blame for this, which created conditions in which a person loses his “I”, starting to seek solace or new emotions in a dose of alcohol or heroin.

Someone, wanting to earn extra money, put a drug addict on a needle, someone was indifferent to his fate and he turned away from his comrade without making an attempt to save - human indifference kills. Lack of spirituality leads to loss of compassion and degradation of society. Hence the rest of human troubles: AIDS, the growth of prostitution, kidnapping.

Are the problems of modern society solvable? Yes, we are resolving. We see this on the scale of individual, quite prosperous countries: Sweden, Switzerland, Norway.

Does humanity have a chance to survive? It has. But for this you need to stop mindlessly chasing profit, hiding behind social slogans and ostentatious charity, and throw all available resources into the fight for the environment, help backward countries and the revival of spirituality.

Is humanity ready for this? We will know the answer to this question over time.

Take it, tell your friends!

See what "GLOBAL PROBLEMS" is in other dictionaries:

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