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There are very simple experiments which children will remember for the rest of their lives. The guys may not fully understand why this is happening, but when time will pass and they will be in a lesson in physics or chemistry, a very clear example will surely pop up in the memory.
site collected 7 interesting experiments that will be remembered by children. Everything you need for these experiments is at your fingertips.
Refractory ball
It will take: 2 balls, candle, matches, water.
An experience: Inflate the balloon and hold it over a lighted candle to demonstrate to the children that the balloon will burst from the fire. Then pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it and bring it back to the candle. It turns out that with water, the ball can easily withstand the flame of a candle.
Explanation: The water in the ball absorbs the heat generated by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.
Pencils
You will need: plastic bag, pencils, water.
An experience: Pour half of the water into a plastic bag. With a pencil we pierce the bag through in the place where it is filled with water.
Explanation: If you pierce a plastic bag and then pour water into it, it will pour out through the holes. But if you first fill the bag with water halfway and then pierce it with a sharp object so that the object remains stuck in the bag, then water will hardly flow out through these holes. This is due to the fact that when polyethylene breaks down, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, the polyethylene is tightened around the pencils.
Unbreakable ball
You will need: balloon, a wooden skewer and some dishwashing liquid.
An experience: Lubricate the top and bottom with the product and pierce the ball starting from the bottom.
Explanation: The secret to this trick is simple. In order to preserve the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, which are located at the bottom and top of the ball.
Cauliflower
It will take: 4 glasses of water, food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.
An experience: Add food coloring of any color to each glass and place one leaf or flower in the water. Leave them overnight. In the morning you will see that they are colored in different colors.
Explanation: Plants absorb water and thus nourish their flowers and leaves. This is due to the capillary effect, in which water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. This is how flowers, grass and large trees eat. Sucking in the colored water, they change their color.
Floating egg
It will take: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.
An experience: Carefully place the egg in a glass with a simple clean water... As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, the egg might be rotten and shouldn't be returned to the refrigerator). Pour warm water into the second glass and stir 4-5 tablespoons of salt in it. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools down. Then dip the second egg into the water. It will float near the surface.
Explanation: It's all about density. The average density of the egg is much higher than that of plain water, so the egg sinks downward. And the density of the brine is higher, and therefore the egg rises up.
Crystal lollipops
It will take: 2 glasses of water, 5 glasses of sugar, wooden sticks for mini-kebabs, thick paper, transparent glasses, a saucepan, food coloring.
An experience: In a quarter glass of water, boil the sugar syrup with a couple tablespoons of sugar. Pour some sugar onto the paper. Then you need to dip the stick in syrup and collect the saccharins with it. Next, distribute them evenly on a stick.
Leave the sticks to dry overnight. In the morning, dissolve 5 glasses of sugar in 2 glasses of water over the fire. You can leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but it should not cool down too much, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it into jars and add different food colors. Dip the prepared sticks into a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and bottom of the jar, a clothespin will help with this.
Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick with a seed of sugar grains.
Lit match
Will need: Matches, flashlight.
An experience: Light a match and keep 10-15 centimeters away from the wall. Shine a flashlight on the match, and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem obvious, but I never thought about it.
Explanation: Fire does not cast a shadow, as it does not interfere with the passage of light through itself.
Entertaining experiences for preschoolers, experiments for children at home, magic tricks for children, entertaining science... How to curb the ebullient energy and irrepressible curiosity of the baby? How to make the most of the inquisitiveness of the child's mind and push the child to learn about the world? How to promote development creativity child? These and other questions will certainly arise before parents and educators. This work contains a large number of various experiences and experiments that can be carried out together with children to expand their ideas about the world, for the intellectual and creative development of the child. The described experiments do not require any special training and almost no material costs.
How to pierce a balloon without harm to it?
The child knows that if a balloon is punctured, it will burst. Stick a piece of scotch tape on both sides of the ball. And now you can safely pierce the ball through the tape without any harm to it.
"Submarine" No. 1. Grape submarine
Take a glass of fresh soda or lemonade and toss a grape into it. It is slightly heavier than water and will sink to the bottom. But gas bubbles, similar to small air balloons... Soon there will be so many of them that the grape will float.
But on the surface, the bubbles will burst, and the gas will fly away. The heavier grape will sink to the bottom again. Here it will again be covered with gas bubbles and will float up again. This will continue several times until the water "runs out". According to this principle, a real boat emerges and rises. And the fish has a swim bladder. When she needs to plunge, the muscles contract, squeeze the bladder. Its volume decreases, the fish goes down. But you need to get up - the muscles relax, dissolve the bubble. It increases and the fish floats up.
"Submarine" No. 2. Egg submarine
Take 3 cans: two half-liter and one liter. Fill one jar with clean water and lower it into it a raw egg... It will sink.
Pour a strong solution of sodium chloride into the second jar (2 tablespoons per 0.5 l of water). Put the second egg in there - it will float. This is due to the fact that salt water is heavier, therefore it is easier to swim in the sea than in the river.
Now put an egg on the bottom of a liter jar. Gradually adding water from both small jars in turn, you can get a solution in which the egg will neither float nor sink. It will hang suspended in the middle of the solution.
When the experiment is done, focus can be shown. Adding salt water will make the egg float. Adding fresh water - so that the egg will sink. Outwardly salty and fresh water no different from each other and it will look amazing.
How to get a coin out of the water without getting your hands wet? How to get out of the water dry?
Place a coin at the bottom of a plate and cover it with water. How to remove it without getting your hands wet? The plate must not be tilted. Fold a small piece of newspaper into a ball, set it on fire, throw it into a half-liter jar and immediately place it down with the hole in the water next to the coin. The fire will go out. The heated air will escape from the can, and due to the difference atmospheric pressure inside the can, water will be drawn into the inside of the can. Now you can take a coin without getting your hands wet.
Lotus flowers
Cut flowers with long petals out of colored paper. Using a pencil, twist the petals towards the center. Now put the multi-colored lotuses on the water poured into the basin. Before your very eyes, flower petals will begin to bloom. This is because the paper gets wet, gradually becomes heavier and the petals open.
Natural magnifier
If you need to make out any small creature, such as a spider, mosquito or fly, this is very easy to do.
Plant the insect in three-liter jar... Tighten the neck with cling film from above, but do not stretch it, but, on the contrary, push it so that a small container is formed. Now tie the film with a string or elastic band, and pour water into the recess. You will have a wonderful magnifying glass through which you can perfectly see the smallest details.
The same effect will be obtained if you look at an object through a jar of water, fastening it to back wall jars with transparent tape.
Water candlestick
Take a short stearin candle and a glass of water. Weight the lower end of the candle with a heated nail (if the nail is cold, the candle will crumble) so that only the wick and the very edge of the candle remain above the surface.
The glass of water in which this candle floats will be a candlestick. Light the wick and the candle will burn for a long time. It seems that it is about to burn down to water and go out. But that won't happen. The candle will burn out almost to the very end. And besides, a candle in such a candlestick will never cause a fire. The wick will be extinguished with water.
How to get drinking water?
Dig a hole in the ground about 25 cm deep and 50 cm in diameter.Place an empty hole in the center Plastic container or a wide bowl, place fresh green herbs and leaves around it. Cover the hole with clean plastic wrap and cover its edges with earth so that air does not escape from the pit. Place a pebble in the center of the plastic and lightly press down on the plastic over an empty container. The water collection device is ready.
Leave your design until evening. Now gently shake the soil off the film so that it does not fall into the container (bowl), and look: there is clean water in the bowl.
Where did it come from? Explain to your child that the heat of the sun has caused the grass and leaves to decompose, giving off heat. Warm air always rises. In the form of evaporation, it settles on a cold film and condenses on it in the form of water droplets. This water drained into your container; remember, after all, you slightly pushed the film and put a stone there.
Now you just have to come up with interesting story about travelers who went to distant countries and forgot to take water with them, and start an exciting journey.
Wonderful matches
You will need 5 matches.
Break them in the middle, bend them at right angles and place them on a saucer.
Place a few drops of water on the folds of the matches. Watch. Gradually, the matches will begin to straighten out and form a star.
The reason for this phenomenon, called capillarity, is that the wood fibers absorb moisture. It creeps further and further along the capillaries. The tree swells, and its surviving fibers "get fat", and they can no longer bend much and begin to straighten out.
Washbasins chief. Making a washbasin is easy
Babies have one feature: they get dirty whenever there is even the slightest opportunity for that. And driving the child home to wash all day is quite troublesome, and besides, children do not always want to leave the street. The solution to this issue is very simple. Make a simple washbasin with your child.
To do this, you need to take a plastic bottle, make a hole on its side surface about 5 cm from the bottom with an awl or nail. The work is done, the washbasin is ready. Plug the hole with your finger, pour water to the top and close the lid. Unscrewing it slightly, you get a trickle of water, screwing it up - you "turn off the tap" of your washbasin.
Where did the ink go? Transformations
Drop ink or mascara into a bottle of water to make the solution pale blue. Put a pill of crushed activated carbon... Close the neck with your finger and shake the mixture.
It will brighten before our eyes. The fact is that coal absorbs dye molecules on its surface and it is no longer visible.
Making the cloud
Pour into a 3 liter jar hot water(about 2.5 cm.). Place some ice cubes on a baking sheet and place them on the jar. The air inside the can, rising up, will begin to cool. The water vapor contained in it will condense to form a cloud.
This experiment simulates the process of cloud formation during cooling warm air... Where does the rain come from? It turns out that the drops, when heated on the ground, rise upward. There they get cold, and they huddle together, forming clouds. When they meet together, they enlarge, become heavy and fall to the ground in the form of rain.
I don’t believe my hands
Prepare three bowls of water: one with cold water, one with room temperature, and one with hot water. Have your child place one hand in a bowl of cold water, the second - with hot water... After a few minutes, have him submerge both hands in water. room temperature... Ask if it seems hot or cold to him. Why is there a difference in hand feel? Can you always trust your hands?
Water absorption
Place the flower in water tinted with any paint. Watch how the color of the flower changes. Explain that the stem has conductive tubes through which water rises to the flower and colors it. This phenomenon of water absorption is called osmosis.
Vaults and tunnels
Glue a tube slightly larger in diameter than a pencil out of thin paper. Insert a pencil into it. Then carefully fill the pencil tube with sand so that the ends of the tube protrude outward. Take out the pencil and you will see that the tube remains uncrumpled. Grains of sand form protective vaults. Insects caught in the sand get out from under the thick layer safe and sound.
All equally
Take a regular coat hanger, two identical containers (it can also be large or medium-sized disposable cups and even aluminum cans for drinks, however, the top of the cans must be cut off). In the upper part of the container, on the side, opposite each other, make two holes, insert any rope into them and attach to a hanger, which you hang, for example, on the back of a chair. Balance containers. And now pour berries, or sweets, or cookies into such an impromptu scale, and then the children will not argue who got the most goodies.
"Nice and Vanka-Vstanka". Obedient and naughty egg
First try placing a whole raw egg on a blunt or sharp end... Then start experimenting.
Poke two matchhead-sized holes in the ends of the egg and blow out the contents. Rinse the inside thoroughly. Let the shell dry well on the inside for one to two days. After that, close the hole with plaster, glue and chalk, or with whitewash so that it becomes invisible.
Sprinkle about one quarter of the clean, dry sand in the shell. Seal the second hole in the same way as the first. The obedient egg is ready. Now, in order to put it in any position, it is enough to slightly shake the egg, holding it in the position that it will have to take. The grains of sand will move, and the placed egg will keep balance.
To make a "vanka-vstanka" (tumbler), instead of sand, throw 30-40 pieces of the smallest pellets and pieces of stearin from a candle into the egg. Then put the egg on one end and heat it up. The stearin will melt, and when it hardens, it blinds the pellets together and glues them to the shell. Mask the holes in the shell.
It will be impossible to lay the tumbler. An obedient egg will stand on the table, on the edge of the glass, and on the handle of a knife.
If your child wants to, have them paint on both eggs or glue them funny faces.
Boiled or Raw?
If there are two eggs on the table, one of which is raw and the other is boiled, how can you tell? Of course, every housewife will do this with ease, but show this experience to the child - it will be interesting for him.
Of course, he is unlikely to associate this phenomenon with the center of gravity. Explain to him that in a boiled egg the center of gravity is constant, so it is spinning. And in a raw egg, the internal liquid mass acts as a brake, so a raw egg cannot spin.
"Stop, hands up!"
Take a small plastic jar of medicine, vitamins, etc. Pour some water into it, put in any effervescent tablet and close it with a cap (screwless).
Place it upside down on the table and wait. Gas released at chemical reaction pills and water, will push the bottle out, there will be a "crash" and the bottle will be thrown up.
"Magic Mirrors" or 1? 3? 5?
Place two mirrors at an angle greater than 90 °. Place one apple in the corner.
This is where the real miracle begins, but only begins. There were three apples. And if you gradually decrease the angle between the mirrors, then the number of apples begins to increase.
In other words, the smaller the angle of convergence of the mirrors, the more objects will be reflected.
Ask your child if you can make 3, 5, 7 from one apple without using cutting objects. What will he answer you? Now put on the above experiment.
How to wipe off a green knee from the grass?
Take fresh leaves any green plant, be sure to put them in a thin-walled glass and pour a small amount of vodka. Place the glass in a pot of hot water (in a water bath), not directly on the bottom, but on a wooden circle. When the water in the saucepan has cooled, remove the leaves from the glass with tweezers. They will be discolored and the vodka will turn emerald green as chlorophyll, the green plant dye, has been released from the leaves. It helps plants “feed” on solar energy.
This experience will be useful in life. For example, if a child accidentally stains his knees or hands with grass, you can wipe them off with alcohol or cologne.
Where did the smell go?
Take corn sticks, put them in the jar, which was previously dripped with cologne, and close it with a tight lid. After 10 minutes, opening the lid, you will not feel the smell: it has been absorbed by the porous substance of the corn sticks. This absorption of color or odor is called adsorption.
What is elasticity?
Take a small rubber ball in one hand, and a plasticine ball of the same size in the other. Throw them to the floor from the same height.
How did the ball and the ball behave, what changes have occurred to them after the fall? Why doesn't the plasticine bounce, but the ball bounces, perhaps because it is round, or because it is red, or because it is rubber?
Encourage your child to be a ball. Touch the baby's head with your hand, and let him sit down a little, bending his knees, and when you remove your hand, let the child straighten his legs and jump. Let the baby jump like a ball. Then explain to the child that the same happens to the ball as to him: he bends his knees, and the ball squeezes a little when it falls to the floor, he straightens his knees and bounces, and in the ball what is pressed in straightens. The ball is resilient.
A plasticine or wooden ball is not elastic. Tell your child: "I will touch your head with my hand, but do not bend your knees, be not elastic."
Touch the child's head, and let him not bounce like a wooden ball. If the knees are not bent, then it is impossible to jump. You can't straighten your knees that have not been bent. The wooden ball, when it falls to the floor, is not pressed down, which means it does not straighten, therefore it does not bounce. It is not elastic.
The concept of electric charges
Inflate a small balloon. Rub the ball on wool or fur, and even better on your hair, and you will see how the ball will begin to stick to literally all objects in the room: to the closet, to the wall, and most importantly, to the child.
This is due to the fact that all items have a certain electric charge... As a result of contact between two various materials separation of electrical discharges occurs.
Dancing foil
Slice aluminum foil(shiny chocolate or candy wrapper) in very narrow and long stripes. Run the comb through your hair and then bring it close to the sections.
The stripes will start to "dance". This attracts positive and negative electrical charges to each other.
Hanging on your head, or can you hang on your head?
Make a light top out of cardboard by placing it on a thin stick. Sharpen the lower end of the stick, and stick the tailor's pin (with a metal, not plastic head) into the upper end so that only the head is visible.
Descendants of Sherlock Holmes, or In the Footsteps of Sherlock Holmes
Mix oven soot with talcum powder. Have a child breathe on a finger and press it against a sheet of white paper. Sprinkle the prepared black mixture over the area. Shake the piece of paper so that the mixture covers well the area where your finger was applied. Pour the rest of the powder back into the jar. An obvious fingerprint will remain on the sheet.
This is explained by the fact that our skin must have a little fat from the subcutaneous glands. Everything we touch leaves an imperceptible mark. And the mixture we made adheres well to fat. Thanks to the black soot, it makes the print visible.
It's more fun together
Cut out thick cardboard circle by encircling the rim of the teacup. On one side, in the left half of the circle, draw a figurine of a boy, and on the other side, a figurine of a girl, which should be located upside down in relation to the boy. Make a small hole on the left and right of the cardboard, insert the elastic bands with loops.
Now stretch the elastic bands in different directions. The cardboard circle will spin quickly, pictures with different sides will combine and you will see two figures standing side by side.
Secret thief of jam. Or maybe it's Carlson?
Grind the lead with a knife. Have the child rub the prepared powder on his finger. Now you need to press your finger to a piece of scotch tape, and stick the scotch tape to white sheet paper - your baby's fingerprint will be visible on it. Now we will find out whose prints remained on the jam jar. Or maybe it was Carloson who flew in?
Unusual drawing
Give the child a piece of clean, light, solid color (white, blue, pink, light green).
Pick the petals from different colors: yellow, orange, red, blue, blue and green leaves different shades... Just remember that some plants are poisonous, such as aconite.
Throw this mixture onto the fabric laid on cutting board... You can either spontaneously sprinkle petals and leaves, or build a conceived composition. Cover it with plastic wrap, secure on the sides with buttons and roll it all out with a rolling pin or tap on the fabric with a hammer. Shake off the used paint, stretch the fabric over thin plywood and insert into the frame. The masterpiece of a young talent is ready!
It turned out to be a wonderful gift for mom and grandmother.
Every child has a desire to learn about the world around him. Experiments are a great tool for this. They will be of interest to both preschoolers and children of primary school age.
Safety rules for conducting home experiments
1. Cover the work surface with paper or polyethylene.
2. During the experiment, do not bend over close to avoid damage to the eyes and skin.
3. Use gloves if necessary.
Experience number 1. Dancing raisins and corn
Need: Raisins, corn kernels, soda, plastic bottle.
Experience: Soda is poured into a bottle. The raisins are lowered first, then the corn kernels.
Result: The raisins move up and down with the bubbles of sparkling water. But upon reaching the surface, the bubbles burst and the grains fall to the bottom.
Let's talk? You can talk about what bubbles are and why they go up. Pay attention that the bubbles are small in size, but they can carry along with them raisins and corn, which is several times larger.
Experience number 2. Soft glass
Needed: glass rod, gas burner
Experience progress: the rod heats up in the middle. Then it is torn into two halves. The half of the rod is heated by the burner in two places, gently bent in the shape of a triangle. The second half also heats up, one third is bent, then a ready-made triangle is put on it and the half is bent completely.
Result: the glass rod turned into two triangles interlocked with each other.
Let's talk? As a result of thermal action, hard glass becomes ductile and viscous. And you can make different shapes from it. What Causes Glass to Become Soft? Why does the glass no longer bend after cooling down?
Experience number 3. Water rises on a napkin
You will need: a plastic cup, a napkin, water, felt-tip pens
The course of the experiment: the glass is filled with water by 1/3 part. The napkin is folded vertically several times to form a narrow rectangle. Then a piece of about 5 cm wide is cut from it. This piece must be expanded to make a long segment. Then step back from the bottom edge about 5-7 cm and begin to put large dots with each color of the felt-tip pen. A line of colored dots should form.
Then the napkin is placed in a glass of water so that the lower end with the colored line is about 1.5 cm in the water.
Result: water quickly rises up the napkin, painting over the entire long piece of napkin with colored stripes.
Let's talk? Why isn't water colorless? How does it go up? The cellulose fibers that make up the tissue paper are porous, and water uses them as a way up.
Did you like the experience? Then you will also like our special materials for children of different ages.
Experience number 4. Rainbow out of the water
You will need: a container filled with water (bath, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.
The course of the experiment: a mirror is placed on the bottom of the container. The light from the flashlight is directed towards the mirror. The light from it must be caught on paper.
Result: A rainbow will be visible on the paper.
Let's talk? Light is the source of color. There are no paints and markers to color the water, sheet or flashlight, but suddenly a rainbow appears. This is a spectrum of colors. What colors do you know?
Experience number 5. Sweet and colorful
You will need: sugar, colored food paints, 5 glass glasses, a tablespoon.
The course of the experiment: a different number of spoons of sugar is added to each glass. In the first glass, one spoon, in the second - two, and so on. The fifth glass remains empty. In glasses, put in order, pour 3 tablespoons of water and mix. Then a few drops of one paint are added to each glass and mixed. In the first red, in the second - yellow, in the third - green, and in the fourth - blue. Into a clean glass with clear water start adding the contents of the glasses, starting with red, then yellow and in order. It should be added very carefully.
Result: 4 multi-colored layers are formed in the glass.
Let's talk? Large quantity sugar increases the density of water. Therefore, this layer will be the lowest in the glass. The red liquid has the least amount of sugar, so it will end up on top.
Experience number 6. Gelatin figurines
You will need: a glass, a blotter, 10 grams of gelatin, water, animal molds, a plastic bag.
The course of the experiment: pour gelatin into 1/4 cup of water and let it swell. Heat it in a water bath and dissolve (about 50 degrees). Pour the resulting solution onto the bag in an even thin layer and dry. Then cut out the figurines of the animals. Put on a blotter or napkin and breathe on the figures.
Result: The figures begin to bend.
Let's talk? Breathing moisturizes the gelatin on one side, and because of this, it begins to expand and bend. Alternatively: take 4-5 grams of gelatin, let it swell and then dissolve, then pour onto a glass and put in freezer or take it out to the balcony in winter. After a few days, take out the glass, remove the thawed gelatin. It will have a clear pattern of ice crystals.
Experience number 7. Hairstyle egg
You will need: an egg shell with a conical part, cotton wool, felt-tip pens, water, alfalfa seeds, an empty toilet paper roll.
The course of the experiment: the shell is installed in the coil in such a way that the tapered part is down. Cotton wool is placed inside, on which alfalfa seeds are poured and watered abundantly with water. You can draw eyes, nose and mouth on the shell and put it on the sunny side.
Result: after 3 days, the little man will have "hairs".
Let's talk? For grass to germinate, soil is not required. Sometimes even water is enough for sprouts to appear.
Experience number 8. Draws the sun
You will need: flat small objects (you can cut figures out of foam rubber), a sheet of black paper.
The course of the experiment: in a place where the sun is shining brightly, put black paper. Lay out stencils, figures, children's tins loosely on the sheets.
Result: When the sun goes down, you can remove objects and see the prints of the sun.
Let's talk? Black color fades when exposed to sunlight. Why did the paper remain dark in the places of the figures?
Experience number 10. Color in milk
You will need: milk, food colors, a cotton swab, dishwashing detergent.
The course of the experiment: a little food coloring is poured into the milk. After a short wait, the milk starts to move. It turns out patterns, stripes, swirling lines. You can add a different color, blow on the milk. Then a cotton swab is dipped in dish soap and lowered into the center of the plate. The dyes begin to move more intensively, mix, forming circles.
Result: various patterns, spirals, circles, spots are formed in the plate.
Let's talk? Milk is made up of fat molecules. When the agent appears, the molecules break apart, which leads to their rapid movement. Therefore, the dyes are mixed.
Experience number 10. Waves in a bottle
You will need: sunflower oil, water, bottle, food coloring.
The course of the experiment: water is poured into a bottle (slightly more than half) and mixed with a dye. Then ¼ cup is added vegetable oil... The bottle is carefully rolled up and placed on its side so that the oil rises to the surface. We begin to swing the bottle back and forth, thereby forming waves.
Result: waves are formed on the oily surface, like at sea.
Let's talk? The density of oil is less than that of water. Therefore, it is on the surface. Waves are upper layer water moving due to the direction of the wind. The lower layers of water remain stationary.
Experience number 11. Colored drops
You will need: a container with water, containers for mixing, BF glue, toothpicks, acrylic paints.
Experience: BF glue is squeezed out in a container. A certain colorant is added to each container. And then they are alternately placed in water.
Result: Colored droplets are attracted to each other, forming multicolored islands.
Let's talk? Liquids with the same density are attracted, and with different density repel.
Experience number 12. Draw with a magnet
Need: magnets different forms, iron filings, a sheet of paper, a paper cup.
The course of the experiment: put the sawdust in a glass. Place the magnets on the table and cover each with a sheet of paper. A thin layer of sawdust is poured onto the paper.
Result: Lines and patterns form around the magnets.
Let's talk? Every magnet has a magnetic field. This is the space in which metal objects move as the attraction of a magnet dictates. A circle is formed near the round magnet, since its field of attraction is the same everywhere. Why does a rectangular magnet have a different sawdust pattern?
Experience number 13. Lava lamp
You will need: Two glasses, two effervescent aspirin tablets, sunflower oil, two types of juice.
The course of the experiment: the glasses are about 2/3 full of juice. Then sunflower oil is added so that three centimeters remain to the edge of the glass. An aspirin tablet is thrown into each glass.
Result: the contents of the glasses will begin to fizzle, boil, and foam will rise.
Let's talk? What kind of reaction does aspirin cause? Why? Do the layers of juice and oil mix? Why?
Experience number 14. Box rolls
You will need: shoebox, ruler, 10 round markers, scissors, ruler, balloon.
Experience progress: a square hole is cut in the smaller side of the box. The ball is placed in the box so that its hole can be pulled out of the square a little. You need to inflate the balloon and pinch the hole with your fingers. Then put all the markers under the box and release the ball.
Result: While the balloon is deflating, the box will move. When all the air is gone, the box will travel a little more and stop.
Let's talk? Objects change the state of rest or, as in our case, uniform movement in a straight line if force begins to act on them. And the desire to preserve the previous state, before the impact of force, is inertia. What is the role of the ball? What force prevents the box from moving on? (friction force)
Experience number 15. false mirror
You will need: a mirror, a pencil, four books, paper.
The course of the experiment: the books are stacked, and a mirror is leaning against them. Place paper under its edge. Left hand placed in front of a piece of paper. The chin is placed on the hand so that you can only look in the mirror, but not at the sheet. Looking in the mirror, write your name on the paper. Now look at the paper.
Result: Almost all letters are inverted, except for symmetrical ones.
Let's talk? The mirror changes the image. Therefore, they say "in a mirror image." So you can come up with your own, unusual cipher.
Experience number 16. Living mirror
You will need: a straight transparent glass, a small mirror, scotch tape
The course of the experiment: the glass is attached to the mirror with tape. Water is poured into it to the brim. You need to bring your face closer to the glass.
Result: The image is reduced. By tilting your head to the right, you can see in the mirror how it tilts to the left.
Let's talk? Water refracts the image, and the mirror distorts a little.
Experience number 17. Flame print
You will need: can, candle, sheet of paper.
The course of the experiment: the jar must be tightly wrapped with a piece of paper and kept in the candle flame for several seconds.
Result: removing the sheet of paper, you can see an imprint on it in the form of a candle flame.
Let's talk? The paper is tightly pressed against the can and does not have access to oxygen, which means it does not burn.
Experience number 18. Silvery egg
You will need: wire, a container of water, matches, a candle, a boiled egg.
The course of the experiment: a stand is created from the wire. Boiled egg it is cleaned, put on the wire, a candle is placed under it. The egg is evenly turned over until it is smoked. Then it is removed from the wire and lowered into the water.
Result: After a while, the top layer peels off and the egg turns silvery.
Let's talk? What changed the color of the egg? What has it become? Let's cut it open and see what it is like inside.
Experience number 19. Saving spoon
You will need: A teaspoon, a glass mug with a handle, twine.
The course of the experiment: one end of the string is tied to a spoon, the other end to the handle of the mug. The twine is thrown over forefinger so that there is a spoon on one side, a mug on the other, and is released.
Result: The glass will not fall, the spoon, having risen up, will remain near the finger.
Let's talk? The inertia of a teaspoon saves the mug from falling.
Experience number 20. Painted flowers
You will need: flowers with white petals, water containers, a knife, water, food coloring.
The course of the experiment: containers must be filled with water and a certain dye must be added to each. One flower should be set aside, and the rest should be trimmed. sharp knife... This must be done in warm water, obliquely at an angle of 45 degrees, by 2 cm.When moving flowers in a container with dyes, you need to pinch the cut with your finger so that air locks... After placing the flowers in a container with dyes, you need to take the deferred flowers. Cut the stem lengthwise into two to the center. Place one part of the stem in a red container, and the other in a blue or green container.
Result: the water will rise up the stems and color the petals in different colors. This will happen in about a day.
Let's talk? Examine each part of the flower to see how the water rose. Are the stem and leaves painted over? How long will the color last?
We wish you an exciting pastime and new knowledge while conducting experiments for children!
Experiments were collected by Tamara Gerasimovich
Equipment and reagents: beakers, conical flask, metal support, porcelain cup, crystallizer, knife, metal tray, test tube racks, test tubes, matches, tweezers, pipettes, handkerchief; water, dry fuel, 3 tablets of calcium gluconate, potassium carbonate, ammonia 25%, hydrochloric acid (conc.), phenolphthalein, metallic sodium, alcohol, stationery glue, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ferric chloride solutions ( III), KCNS, sodium fluoride.
Event progress
Chemistry is an interesting fascinating science. With the help of chemistry, our life becomes more interesting and varied.
Without chemistry, the whole world would become dim.
We drive, live and fly with chemistry,
We live in different parts of the Earth,
We clean, erase, remove stains,
We eat, sleep, and wear our hair.
We treat with chemistry, glue and sew
We live side by side with chemistry!
Though there are no miracles in the world.
Chemistry provides the answer.
“There are miracles in the world.
And, of course, there are a lot of them! "
Do not violate teachers' advice:
And even if you are not a coward,
Do not taste substances!
And you do not think to smell them.
Understand that these are not flowers!
Don't take anything with your hands
You will get burned, blisters!
Tea and delicious sandwich
They very much ask for your mouth.
Do not lie to yourself -
You can't eat and drink with us!
This, friend, is a chemical room,
There are no conditions for food.
In a flask - like marmalade,
Do not taste the substances!
Even poison smells sweet.
In the chemistry room
A lot of stuff:
Cones, test tubes,
Funnel and tripod.
And you don't need to pull
Waste pens
And then you spill it by accident
A valuable reagent!
"Pharaoh's Serpents"
Experience: put a tablet of dry fuel on a stand, put 3 tablets of calcium gluconate on it and set it on fire. A light gray mass is formed that resembles a snake.
"Smoke without fire"
Experience: (The experiment must be carried out in a well-ventilated room or in a fume hood) pour potassium carbonate into a large flask (300-500 ml) so that it covers its bottom with an even layer, and carefully add a 25% ammonia solution so that it moistens it ... Then slowly (be careful!) Add a little concentrated of hydrochloric acid(white "smoke" appears). What do we see? There is smoke, no fire. You see, in life there is no smoke without fire, but it does happen in chemistry.
"Flame on the water"
Experience: add phenolphthalein to a cup of water. Cut a piece from metallic sodium or lithium and carefully put it in water. The metal floats on the surface, hydrogen ignites, and the resulting alkali makes the water turn crimson.
"Volcano"
Mighty nature is full of miracles,
And on Earth are subject to her alone
Shining stars, sunsets and sunrises
Wind gusts and surf ...
But we, now you will see for yourself
Sometimes we also own miracles.
Experience: pour ammonium dichromate on a tray, add alcohol, set it on fire.
"Fireproof scarf"
children's answers).
Our flying carpet flew away
We don't have self-assembly either,
There is a handkerchief, it will light up now,
But, believe me, it will not be able to burn out.
Experience: moisten a handkerchief in a mixture of glue and water (silicate glue + water = 1: 1.5), dry slightly, then moisten with alcohol and set on fire.
"Orange, lemon, apple"
Experience: first, a glass with a solution of potassium dichromate is shown to the audience, which orange... Then, alkali is added, it turns "orange juice" into "lemon". Then, the opposite is done: from " lemon juice"-" orange ", for this a little sulfuric acid is added, then a little hydrogen peroxide solution is added and the" juice "has become" apple ".
"Wound healing"
There are three vials on the table: "iodine" (FeCl3 solution), "alcohol" (KCNS), " living water"(NaF).
Here's another fun for you
Who gives a hand to cut off?
It's a pity for the hand to be cut off,
Then a patient is needed for treatment!
We operate without pain.
The truth will be a lot of blood.
Each operation requires sterilization.
Help, assistant,
Give alcohol.
One moment! (gives alcohol- KCNS)
We will grease with alcohol abundantly.
Don't turn around, patient
Give me a scalpel, assistant!
("Scalpel" is a stick dipped in FeCl3)
Look straight in a trickle
Blood flows, not water.
But now I will dry my hand -
Not a trace of the cut!
"Iodine" - FeCl3 solution, "alcohol" - KCNS, "living water" - NaF.
"We are magicians"
Colored milk.
View document content
"Entertaining experiments in chemistry"
INTERESTING EXPERIENCES
in chemistry for children
Target: show interesting experiences in chemistry
Tasks:
motivate students to study chemistry;
to give students the first skills in handling chemical equipment and substances.
Equipment and reagents: beakers, conical flask, metal stand, porcelain cup, crystallizer, knife, metal tray, test tube racks, test tubes, matches, tweezers, pipettes, handkerchief; water, dry fuel, 3 tablets of calcium gluconate, potassium carbonate, ammonia 25%, hydrochloric acid (conc.), phenolphthalein, metallic sodium, alcohol, stationery glue, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ferric chloride solutions ( III), KCNS, sodium fluoride.
Event progress
Chemistry is an interesting fascinating science. With the help of chemistry, our life becomes more interesting and varied.
Without the chemistry of life, believe me, no,
Without chemistry, the whole world would become dim.
We drive, live and fly with chemistry,
We live in different parts of the Earth,
We clean, erase, remove stains,
We eat, sleep, and wear our hair.
We treat with chemistry, glue and sew
We live side by side with chemistry!
Though there are no miracles in the world.
Chemistry provides the answer.
“There are miracles in the world.
And, of course, there are a lot of them! "
But before proceeding with the practical part of the event, listen to the comic safety rules.
Entering our chemical room,
Do not violate teachers' advice:
And even if you are not a coward,
Do not taste substances!
And you do not think to smell them.
Understand that these are not flowers!
Don't take anything with your hands
You will get burned, blisters!
Tea and delicious sandwich
They very much ask for your mouth.
Do not lie to yourself -
You can't eat and drink with us!
This, friend, is a chemical room,
There are no conditions for food.
Let the smell of vobla in the test tube,
In a flask - like marmalade,
Do not taste the substances!
Even poison smells sweet.
In the chemistry room
A lot of stuff:
Cones, test tubes,
Funnel and tripod.
And you don't need to pull
Waste pens
And then you spill it by accident
A valuable reagent!
"Pharaoh's Serpents"
In India, in Egypt, you can watch the dances of snakes to the tune of spellcasters. Let's try and make the "snakes" dance, only we will have fire as a spellcaster.
An experience: put a tablet of dry fuel on the stand, put 3 tablets of calcium gluconate on it and set it on fire. A light gray mass is formed that resembles a snake.
"Smoke without fire"
The old saying goes "There is no smoke without fire", let's check it out.
An experience: (The experiment must be carried out in a well-ventilated room or in a fume hood) Pour potassium carbonate into a large flask (300-500 ml) so that it covers its bottom with an even layer, and carefully add a 25% ammonia solution so that it moistens it. Then slowly (be careful!) Add a little concentrated hydrochloric acid to the flask (white "smoke" appears). What do we see? There is smoke, no fire. You see, in life there is no smoke without fire, but it does happen in chemistry.
"Flame on the water"
Can you cut metal with a knife? Can he swim? Can water burn?
An experience: add phenolphthalein to a cup of water. Cut a piece from metallic sodium or lithium and carefully put it in water. The metal floats on the surface, hydrogen ignites, and the resulting alkali makes the water turn crimson.
"Volcano"
Mighty nature is full of miracles,
And on Earth are subject to her alone
Shining stars, sunsets and sunrises
Wind gusts and surf ...
But we, now you will see for yourself
Sometimes we also own miracles.
An experience: Sprinkle ammonium dichromate on a tray, add alcohol, set fire to it.
"Fireproof scarf"
Remember the magic items from fairy tales ( children's answers).
Our flying carpet flew away
We don't have self-assembly either,
There is a handkerchief, it will light up now,
But, believe me, it will not be able to burn out.
An experience: moisten a handkerchief in a mixture of glue and water (silicate glue + water = 1: 1.5), dry slightly, then moisten with alcohol and set on fire.
"Orange, lemon, apple"
And now the next magic, from one juice we get another.
An experience: first, a glass with a solution of potassium dichromate, which is orange in color, is shown to the audience. Then, alkali is added, it turns "orange juice" into "lemon". Then the opposite is done: from "lemon juice" - "orange", for this a little sulfuric acid is added, then a little hydrogen peroxide solution is added and the "juice" became "apple".
"Wound healing"
There are three bubbles on the table: "iodine" (FeCl solution 3 ), "alcohol" (KCNS), "Living water" (NaF).
Here's another fun for you
Who gives a hand to cut off?
It's a pity for the hand to be cut off,
Then a patient is needed for treatment! (the bravest boy is invited)
We operate without pain.
The truth will be a lot of blood.
Each operation requires sterilization.
Help, assistant,
Give alcohol.
One moment! (gives alcohol- KCNS) We will grease with alcohol abundantly.
Don't turn around, patient
Give me a scalpel, assistant!
("Scalpel" is a stick dipped in FeCl 3
)
Look straight in a trickle
Blood flows, not water.
But now I will dry my hand -
Not a trace of the cut!
"Iodine" - FeCl solution 3
, "Alcohol" - KCNS, "living water" - NaF.
"We are magicians"
And now you yourself will become wizards. We will now conduct an experiment.
Colored milk. I suggest you get blue milk. Does this happen in nature? No, but we will succeed, only you can't drink it. Merge copper sulfate and barium chloride together.
Dear Guys! So our miracles and entertaining experiments are over. We hope you like them! If you know chemistry, it will not be difficult for you to unravel the secrets of "miracles". Grow up and come to us to study this very interesting science- chemistry. Until next time!
Pour water into a glass, always to the very edge. Cover with a sheet of thick paper and gently hold it, very quickly turn the glass upside down. Just in case, do it all over the basin or in the bathroom. Now take your hand away ... Focus! still remains in the glass!
It's about pressure atmospheric air... The air pressure on the paper from the outside is greater than the pressure on it from the inside of the glass and, accordingly, does not allow the paper to release water from the container.
Rene Descartes' experience or pipette-diver
This entertaining experience is about three hundred years old. It is attributed to the French scientist René Descartes.
You will need a plastic bottle with a stopper, an eyedropper, and water. Fill the bottle, leaving two to three millimeters up to the edge of the neck. Take a dropper, put some water in it and dip it into the neck of the bottle. It should be at or slightly above the level in the bottle with its upper rubber end. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that from a light push with a finger, the pipette is immersed, and then it slowly floats up. Now close the cap and squeeze the sides of the bottle. The pipette will go to the bottom of the bottle. Release the pressure on the bottle and it will float up again.
The fact is that we slightly squeezed the air in the neck of the bottle and this pressure was transferred to the water. penetrated into the pipette - it became heavier (since water is heavier than air) and drowned. When the pressure ceased, the compressed air inside the pipette removed the excess, our "diver" became lighter and floated up. If at the beginning of the experiment the "diver" does not obey you, then it is necessary to adjust the amount of water in the pipette. When the pipette is at the bottom of the bottle, it is easy to see how the increased pressure on the walls of the bottle enters the pipette, and when the pressure is released, it leaves it.