And the first question that arises when dealing with a similar problem is what should be the temperature in the room. In order to correctly navigate the situation and make an adequate decision, it is necessary to rely on existing regulations. What determines the temperature regime in the apartment The air temperature in the room depends not only on the influence of the human factor, but also on external weather conditions. Influence of climate In different regions, external temperature indicators can vary significantly. Accordingly, the requirements for the norms of space heating in the southern and northern regions in the autumn winter period will differ significantly. Dependence on the season summer season in high-rise buildings, room temperature is practically never low when it comes to middle latitudes and southern regions.
What temperature should be in the apartment during the heating season
Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of June 10, 2010 N 64. The values \u200b\u200bof the optimal and permissible air temperature in the premises are given in Appendix No. 2 to SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10 (“Optimal and allowable norms temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in the premises of residential buildings”). Name of the room air temperature in degrees Celsius optimal allowable Cold period of the year Living room 20-22 18-24 18-26 Bathroom, combined bathroom 24-26 18-26 Inter-apartment corridor 18-20 16-22 Vestibule, stairwell 16-18 14-20 Storerooms 16-18 12-22 Warm period of the year Living room 22-25 20-28 The management company is obliged to provide temperature mode not only in apartments, but also in stairwells, attics and basements.
What temperature should be in the apartment in winter?
The temperature cannot be checked close to the floor or ceiling, nor to walls or windows. Inspection standard: 1 meter from outer wall, 1.5 m from the floor. In the event that there are deviations from these requirements, the payment for this service should be reduced by 0.15% per hour of non-compliance with these standards.
If there are deviations from the norm If the temperature indicators should not be below the permissible level, then they can exceed the norm, but not more than 4 degrees. If the batteries do not warm up well, then you need to write a complaint to the DEZ with a request to check. The specialist who will perform the verification draws up 2 copies of the verification act, one of which will remain with the owner.
After that, the utility responsible for the situation must take measures to correct it. The measures are quite urgent and should be taken within 1-7 days from the date of signing the act.
What is the optimum temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm according to the law
Attention
The procedure in this situation is provided for by the Rules for the provision of public services. The owner of the apartment should report the violation to the emergency dispatch service of the managing organization in writing or by phone. The dispatcher is obliged to register the appeal, while he must report his full name, number and time of registration of the message.
Info
On the fact of the appeal, the Criminal Code conducts an inspection, having coordinated the time with the owner of the premises. Important: if the owner has not appointed his own time for the inspection, then it must be carried out within two hours from the date of registration of the appeal. Based on the results of the check, an act is drawn up. If the fact of providing a low-quality service is established, then the act indicates what violations were identified, what methods and tools were used to measure, the date and time of the audit.
All persons participating in the examination sign the document, 1 copy remains to the owner.
What should be the temperature in the apartment during the heating season of 2018
A rare person perceives the onset of cold weather with enthusiasm. For most, this means everyday fatigue due to a lack of vitamins and short daylight hours, an extra sweater on the body, and, as a rule, more than one, lack of sleep, a lot of inconvenience, and, finally, the desire to build a cozy lair out of blankets and rugs, in which to wait out the unfavorable for life season. In many ways, this condition can be due not only to the individual factors mentioned above, but also to the banal discrepancy between the temperature, whether it is on the street or in the apartment, to the needs of a person. “Sick building syndrome” and temperature norms Not many people know about it, but unsuitable living conditions, when it comes to the apartment in which they live, are not only tiring and inconvenient, but can also lead to the development of quite serious health problems. and even chronic diseases.
What are the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season according to SanPin?
At normal temperatures, a person should not feel the need to use warm clothes while in the apartment, but too high temperature readings are also unacceptable. The concept of comfortable temperature in an apartment is determined not only by subjective feelings, but also by established hygiene standards. We will consider them below. What temperature should be in the room in winter - the norm different state health.
According to the accepted sanitary and hygienic parameters, the temperature norm in winter should be in the range from 19 to 21 degrees. Exists established standards for individual rooms of the dwelling. How many degrees should be in the house depends on which section of the apartment we are talking about.
The temperature regime in the apartment is the norm (sanpin)
Important
Moreover, they are determined separately for each room in the apartment. Thus, the permissible temperature in the living room during the cold season is 18-24˚С, and in the inter-apartment corridor - 16-22˚С. The temperature of water heating radiators should not exceed 90°C.
See also: Recalculation for heating - in what cases is it possible and how to do it? What can affect the temperature in the apartment? Temperature in living rooms depends on several factors. Not only hot batteries, but also the care of the owners to reduce heat loss will help maintain the required temperature. Therefore, it is important to know what measures to preserve heat in the room should be carried out and what to pay attention to:
- The volume of heating radiators. Obviously, the larger the battery, the warmer the room. But it is undesirable to arbitrarily increase the number of radiator sections.
- 1 What determines the temperature regime in the apartment
- 1.1 Climate influence
- 1.2 Dependence on the season
- 2 Comfortable temperature in the apartment
- 3 What temperature should be in the room in winter - the norm
- 4 Hypothermia, symptoms and consequences
- 5 Overheating of the body, symptoms and consequences
- 6 What to do if the temperature in the apartment is below normal in winter
In winter bad weather, you often have to feel discomfort when you are in an apartment, associated with a clear lack of space heating. In this case, it becomes necessary to find a way out of the situation by contacting the services responsible for maintaining optimal temperature regime in residential premises. This moment becomes especially relevant if children or people with health problems live in the apartment.
On the contrary, on some days it may exceed optimal level, which should be within the limits not exceeding 25 degrees. At night, the temperature in the house is slightly lower than during the day. In winter, without heating, living quarters would be too cold, making it impossible to live in them.
V cold period have to rely on the work of public services. Temperature standards should not be lower than 19 degrees for any region. Comfortable temperature in the apartment Do you need help? Consult with our lawyer for free! Laws in our country change very often! Get the most up-to-date information by phone! Just call by phone from any region of Russia: Or contact our online consultant! The feeling of comfort in the room is associated with the absence of overheating and hypothermia.
The air exchange rate is a characteristic determined by the ratio of the air removed or supplied from the room per hour of time to the volume of this room. back to contents How to measure the coolant? The heat carrier in the central heating system is hot water flowing from the tap. You can measure its temperature different ways, but the simplest is to measure the temperature with a thermometer tap water poured into a glass. Pipe temperature measurement is also possible. The value of this parameter should be equal to 50-70°C.
back to contents Responsibility of public utilities for violation of the temperature standard If the temperature in the room is below normal in winter, what should I do? By law, citizens have the right to demand a reduction in heat payment by 0.15% for every hour that utilities do not comply with your management company temperature standards.
If you want to know how to solve your particular problem, please use the online consultant form on the right or call free consultation: back to contents Temperature norms in rooms The standard that establishes the permissible temperature values for residential premises during the cold season is “GOST R 51617-2000. Housing and communal services. Are common specifications". It requires compliance with a temperature range of 18-25 degrees Celsius.
Within this range, the norm is set for each type of room in the room. So, in the living room the temperature should not be below 18 ° C, and in the bathroom - below 25 ° C. Deviations to the lower side are allowed only at night (0.00 - 5.00) by no more than 3 ° С.
SanPiN, in turn, declares an upper temperature limit. For example, for a living room it is 24 ° C.
Causes of cold weather in the room:
- parameters of the coolant at the entrance to the house. If the water temperature and its pressure are below normal, then it will naturally be cold in the house, and in this case all claims should be addressed to Thermal Networks;
- coolant permeability. Possibly formed airlock or the pipe is clogged with rust somewhere, this can also cause a decrease in temperature;
- various SNiPs.
It is not news to anyone that most of the modern housing stock in Russia was built during Soviet Union. V different years there were various building codes and regulations, for all kinds of engineering surveys, selection building materials etc.
In winter bad weather, you often have to feel discomfort when you are in an apartment, associated with a clear lack of space heating. In this case, it becomes necessary to find a way out of the situation by contacting the services responsible for maintaining the optimal temperature regime in residential premises.
This moment becomes especially relevant if children or people with health problems live in the apartment. And the first question that arises when dealing with a similar problem is what should be the temperature in the room. In order to correctly navigate the situation and make an adequate decision, it is necessary to rely on existing regulations.
What determines the temperature regime in the apartment
The air temperature in the room depends not only on the influence of the human factor, but also on external weather conditions.
Climate influence
In different regions, external temperature indicators can vary significantly. Accordingly, the requirements for space heating standards in the southern and northern regions in the autumn-winter period will vary significantly.
Dependence on the season
In the summer season, in high-rise buildings, room temperature is practically never low when it comes to middle latitudes and southern regions. On the contrary, on some days its indicator may exceed the optimal level, which should be within the limits not exceeding 25 degrees.
At night, the temperature in the house is slightly lower than during the day.
In winter, without heating, living quarters would be too cold, making it impossible to live in them. In the cold season, you have to rely on the work of utilities. Temperature standards should not be lower than 19 degrees for any region.
Comfortable temperature in the apartment
The feeling of comfort in the room is associated with the absence of overheating and hypothermia. At normal temperatures, a person should not feel the need to use warm clothes while in the apartment, but too high temperature readings are also unacceptable.
The concept of comfortable temperature in an apartment is determined not only by subjective feelings, but also by established hygiene standards. We will consider them below.
What temperature should be in the room in winter - the norm
The optimum air temperature in the apartment during the winter period should be designed for a safe stay indoors for people of all ages and various health conditions.
According to the accepted sanitary and hygienic parameters, the temperature norm in winter should be in the range from 19 to 21 degrees.
There are established standards for individual rooms of a residential building.
How many degrees should be in the house depends on which section of the apartment we are talking about.
It is customary to adhere to the following indicators:
Kitchen - recommended temperature - 19 - 21 degrees, maximum - 26 degrees, bathroom - 24 and 26, respectively, bedroom, hall - 20 and 24, corridor - 18 and 22. If it is necessary to check the compliance of these indicators with regulatory parameters, measurements should be carried out in a place where there are no drafts and the battery is not located close.
Hypothermia, symptoms and consequences
When the body becomes cold in the room, a feeling of chills occurs. Increased drowsiness may develop, performance may decrease. There is a desire to wrap up, put on warm clothes. The fastest supercooled are small children and the elderly.
The consequence of hypothermia can be colds, problems with the heart and blood vessels.
Constant low temperature indoors can adversely affect human health!
Overheating of the body, symptoms and consequences
Overheating of the body can occur when the temperature in the room exceeds the 25-degree mark. If you stay in a very warm room all the time, you may experience symptoms of heat stroke - nausea, dizziness, fainting.
Like hypothermia, children and the elderly are more susceptible to overheating. The consequence of overheating can be serious problems with the cardiovascular system, constant severe drowsiness, irritability, and decreased immunity.
What to do if the temperature in the apartment is below normal in winter
If during the winter period the temperature in the room does not reach the established norm, it is necessary to contact the municipal service with a request to take temperature measurements in the room.
In case of confirmation of the fact of violation of temperature standards, the problem must be eliminated without fail. If the utilities refuse to resolve this issue, you should contact the higher authorities.
After all, hypothermia, like overheating, adversely affects human health. Among other things, the norms depend on gender. Women require higher temperatures than men. Extremely carefully you need to observe the temperature regime in the apartment where the children live. They cannot yet regulate their temperature, therefore they are prone to rapid overheating and freezing compared to adults. As a result, the thermal norm for them should be stable and be about 22 degrees. In accordance with current sanitary standards, central temperature control systems must maintain indicators of at least and no more than 22 degrees, and any deviations from this value have a bad effect on well-being. To maintain a normal temperature, certain conditions must be observed.
What temperature should be in the apartment in winter?
Therefore, you should defend your rights and contact the regulatory authorities. Conclusion current standards and standards are obliged to the management company at the place of residence.
As a result, in case of identified cases of non-compliance with the quality of heating services, it is necessary to report to this organization and, if necessary, draw up an act. If it concerns a private residential building, then it is necessary to control the supplied heating devices, increasing the efficiency of the batteries or change the radiators to modern efficient devices.
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The temperature in the apartment
The temperature cannot be checked close to the floor or ceiling, nor to walls or windows. Inspection standard: 1 meter from the outer wall, 1.5 m from the floor.
Important
In the event that there are deviations from these requirements, the payment for this service should be reduced by 0.15% per hour of non-compliance with these standards. If there are deviations from the norm If the temperature indicators should not be below the permissible level, then they can exceed the norm, but not more than 4 degrees.
If the batteries do not warm up well, then you need to write a complaint to the DEZ with a request to check. The specialist who will perform the verification draws up 2 copies of the verification act, one of which will remain with the owner.
After that, the utility responsible for the situation must take measures to correct it. The measures are quite urgent and should be taken within 1-7 days from the date of signing the act.
What are the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season according to SanPin?
The minimum temperature in corner apartment is an indicator of 20 ° C. For the staircase at the entrance of a residential building, the temperature standard is set in the range of 14-20 ° C, and for the inter-apartment corridor - 16-22 ° C.
Attention
Since heating in an apartment or other premises is a service that the relevant services are required to provide, you will find the article on consumer protection, which can be read here, useful. More detailed standards for all types of premises are set out in the Sanitary Rules and SanPiN norms.
So, at the workplaces of industrial premises, a temperature of 16 ° C to 24 ° C is required, depending on the energy consumption of the work. In attics and basements apartment buildings the temperature should not fall below 4 °C.
What temperature should be in the apartment during the heating season
Place furniture and equipment at a minimum distance of 1 meter from radiators. It is recommended to adjust the temperature curve of the heating system in individual rooms using manual or electronic thermostats.
When installed even on an old heater, the electronic head can be set to a temperature of up to 0.5 degrees, and program thermal power for a whole week, taking into account the time of day and the habits of local residents. Modern thermostats will also regulate heat output according to external conditions- warming or cooling outside, sunlight etc.
e. You don't need to turn off the heat completely, all you have to do is lower the temperature, for example by setting the economy mode to 15°C. Lowering the temperature even by 1°C increases the heat savings by 5-7.5%.
The optimum temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm according to the law
To correct the situation, you can:
- close the valve in front of the radiator;
- install an air exchanger.
By closing the ball valve in front of the battery, you will reduce the amount hot water which is being served. The recuperator will allow the air flows to circulate correctly, and the air flow will enter the housing already warmed up. The optimum temperature in heating season Kaya is clear from the above, the comfortable value in the apartment is set by SNIP at 20-22 degrees. Possible indicators are defined within the limits of 18-26 degrees, in accordance with the purpose of housing.
Kitchen, living rooms and bathrooms have different standards. The errors correspond to 3 degrees of decrease and 4 degrees of increase in indicators.
Unfortunately, according to the current legislation, when the apartment is 15 degrees above zero, you cannot make claims against the management companies.
The temperature in the winter in the apartment: normal
In the event that the temperature standards in the apartment during the heating season are not observed, it is necessary to demand a recalculation of payment for the corresponding service. Her pay should be reduced by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance.
Normal temperature in winter in an apartment All temperature standards in a residential area are determined and regulated by GOST 30494-2011 “Indoor microclimate parameters”. First of all, the temperature should be comfortable for those who live in the apartment.
Inside the dwelling, these norms are different, although there are average temperature for an apartment. In general, the normal temperature is 20-22 degrees. Naturally, the beginning of the heating season should begin long before the onset of frost, that is, a stable minus.
"Heating" in the apartments begins before the onset of winter. This happens after the thermometer is not constantly less than +8 degrees.
What is the optimum temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm according to the law
- 1 Temperature standards
- 1.1 Medical temperature standards in a residential area
- 2 Heat rate control
- 3 Factors affecting temperature
- 4 Indoor climate control
- 4.1 How to increase or decrease the temperature
- 5 Optimum temperature during the heating season
- 6 Responsibility of public utilities in case of violations of the norms
- 7 Conclusion
The amount in payment receipts increases quarterly, especially during the crisis period for the country. But at the same time, the quality of public services leaves much to be desired.
Difficult times come for tenants when the heating is turned off. In such a situation, the management companies responsible for the provision of hot water in apartment buildings, often work in bad faith and strive to evade responsibility.
The measuring distance should be more than half a meter from outer wall and heating appliances, and its height must exceed 60 centimeters. You can download a sample temperature control report here.
If, during self-measurement, you have established that the temperature norm is lowered, you should inform the Emergency Dispatch Service about this. If the violation of heat supply is not caused by natural factors (for example, an accident on a heating main), the dispatcher calls an emergency team to the house, which is an official measurement report.
The measurement must be carried out by a registered device that has all the necessary technical documents.
Climate is understood not only as a temperature regime, since this is only one of many components. The concept also includes the humidity of the air itself, both indoors and outside, as well as the value of atmospheric pressure.
It is these factors in their totality that can directly affect the change temperature norm in residential premises. Hot countries with high air humidity have higher temperature standards for residential premises. The Nordic countries, in comparison, have significantly lower temperature norms, due to the cold climate type. Change of season Given the change in season, the temperature in the room can also vary significantly. For example, in winter time, the temperature will not be as high as in summer. If we take the European climate, then the acceptable temperature in the cold season here will be from 19 to 22 degrees.
During the period of correction of violations, the standards change and the charges for the apartment are recalculated taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bhousing. The heating service must be uninterrupted.
Permissible breaks should not exceed 24 hours per month (this is in total). If the reduced temperature persists for a long time, then you need to call the control room. If a blockage is found during the inspection, it must be eliminated. In the case when the reasons are not found, you need to write a statement to the management company or housing and communal services. Where else can you go:
- prosecutor's office;
- society for the protection of consumer rights;
- housing inspection.
During the proceedings, it is necessary to present acts, statements with appeals, as well as copies of title documents. On the video about heating standards If you approach the process correctly, you can defend your rights.
If you want to know how to solve your particular problem, please use the online consultant form on the right or call the free consultation phone numbers: to the contents -2000. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions".
It requires compliance with a temperature range of 18-25 degrees Celsius. Within this range, the norm is set for each type of room in the room. So, in the living room the temperature should not be below 18 ° C, and in the bathroom - below 25 ° C. Deviations to the lower side are allowed only at night (0.00 - 5.00) by no more than 3 ° С. SanPiN, in turn, declares an upper temperature limit. For example, for a living room it is 24 ° C.
For many Russians, paying utility bills is associated with constant stress, especially in winter. After all, often the residents of houses, in most cases old building, complain about the cold in the apartment, but at the same time they have to pay for the missing heat in full.
Insufficient space heating is caused by the fact that for some reason the coolant does not warm up as it should. To control this issue, the temperature norm in the apartment during the heating season was introduced. She helps with the help of government normative documents prove that it is not the tenants who are too thermophilic, and the public utility is not able to troubleshoot in time.
Factors affecting temperature
The final temperature in the apartment can depend on many factors. The main and most significant are the following:
- The climate in the region;
- Season;
- Human factor: number of residents, their age and subjective preferences;
- The location of the apartment, its technical features and the condition of the heat carriers.
Since each parameter affects the final result in its own way, we will study them in more detail.
Climatic conditions
Depending on the region in which the consumer's home is located, the temperature level inside is also set. So, in remote regions in the north it is quite cold, and in the southern latitudes, the home temperature will be significantly higher. In addition, it is important to take into account the humidity of the outdoor air, Atmosphere pressure and the amount of precipitation outside the window.
Season
The time of the year has the most direct impact on the climate in the apartment: in summer the temperature will be high, and in winter it will drop significantly. In the spring, public utilities stop the heating season, which also affects the thermometer readings. If the autumn turned out to be cold, it can be cold in the apartment almost the same as in winter.
According to GOST R 51617-2000 “Housing and communal services. General technical conditions "the temperature in the apartment should be within 18-25 degrees Celsius
In most Russian regions, the optimum temperature in a residential area is in the following range:
- from 19 to 23 o - in the winter months;
- from 24 to 27 o - in the summer months.
Despite the fact that the difference of 3-4 degrees at first glance seems insignificant, in fact, these changes are very noticeable. In winter, due to the lack of ventilation, the air becomes drier, and the temperature seems to be lower than it really is.
Housing Features
A few more components comfortable atmosphere in the house are the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, the height of the ceilings, the location of the dwelling and even the presence of furniture. An apartment with high ceilings will warm up worse due to large area. And in the corner apartment it will be a little colder than in the central one - the latter is protected from the wind by neighboring apartments.
They also influence specifications housing. Among them:
- Battery size. The larger the radiator, the higher the room temperature will be. However, experts do not recommend residents to change the number of battery sections on their own. Due to such manipulations, the pressure in the heating system may drop, and the radiators will not fully warm up.
- Energy saving double-glazed windows. In the room where such a double-glazed window is installed, it is much warmer than in the rest. This design reliably protects from cold and wind, but at the same time easily passes the sun's rays inside.
- Wall insulation. Walls finished inside or outside heat-insulating material, will help reduce heat loss in the room.
- Additional elements. If you install a heat-reflecting screen next to the battery, the resulting heat will be directed inside the apartment, warming up the room better. Carpet on the walls or insulated linoleum on the floor will also contribute to the preservation comfortable temperature.
Human factor
Temperature renders different influence for people of different sex and age. For example, men will feel comfortable in colder temperatures than women.
Pets feel warm and in case of cold weather they look for the warmest place
In an apartment where children live, it is very important to regularly check the norm, because the body of babies is not yet able to independently increase or decrease heat transfer. Children tend to freeze or overheat faster than adults, so the average temperature in the children's room should be kept at +22 degrees. The same applies to older people: they are very sensitive to temperature changes.
Temperature standards in the apartment
Standards for the temperature in residential premises during the heating season are legalized, and administrative or criminal penalties may follow for their violation. They are determined by sanitary and building codes and regulations, and are an absolute law for utilities.
At what temperature turn on the heating
The nuances of the beginning of the heating season are provided for by Decree of the Russian Government No. 354 of May 6, 2011. According to him, the batteries in the apartments turn on when the average daily temperature drops below +8 C on. Moreover, this indicator should not change within 5 days.
According to the rules, the heating season begins at an average daily temperature below 8 °C for 5 consecutive days
For example, if for two days in a row the temperature was at +6, and then rose to +9, and in the next two days it fell again to +7, then heating will not be turned on. The batteries are disconnected according to the same scheme: on the street for 5 days in a row the temperature should be above +8 C о.
It is important! As a rule, the heating season in most Russian regions starts in mid-October and ends in April.
Temperature standards
To make it pleasant for tenants to be in their apartment, each room and room should have its own temperature indicators. According to GOST and SNiP, the most comfortable temperature for a person ranges from 19 to 25 degrees.
The standards for residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building can be found in the table below.
| Season | room | Air temperature, C o | |
| minimal | optimal | ||
| Winter/cold spring | from 18 | 20-22 | |
| Bedroom | from 16 | 18-20 | |
| Living room in regions where the temperature stays below -31C for 5 days o | from 20 | 21-23 | |
| Children's room | from 21 | 22-24 | |
| Kitchen, toilet | from 18 | 19-22 | |
| Bathroom / WC | from 18 | 24-26 | |
| Landing | from 14 | 16-18 | |
| Pantry | from 12 | 16-18 | |
| Summer | Living room or any living room | from 20 | 20-25 |
According to SanPin standards, the minimum run-up between temperatures in various premises should not be more than 3 degrees.
It is important! At night, the air temperature outside the windows drops sharply regardless of the season, so slight temperature fluctuations are acceptable at night.
The minimum temperature in a corner apartment is 20 °C
Medical component
We found that the optimum temperature for a living room is 22 C. However, medical standards introduce another very important indicator - air humidity. If it does not exceed 40%, and the temperature standards are observed, then the person in the room will be comfortable. Otherwise, health problems may begin:
- Irritation of the nasal mucosa;
- Mucus production in the nasopharynx;
- Decreased immunity to acute respiratory viral infections;
- Violation of the psycho-emotional state.
More high humidity only allowed in the bathroom. The bathroom must be protected from mold and excessive dampness, so a higher temperature is acceptable here. It neutralizes the harmful effects of water vapor, so the threat to health is excluded.
The cool temperature in the bedroom promotes quick relaxation and deep sleep helping the body to fully rest during the night. The kitchen should not be too hot because the stove and other heating elements the temperature will always rise.
The elevated temperature in the nursery creates the optimal level for the regulation of heat transfer in small tenants. So, in the apartment where the child is currently located, the temperature should be increased by at least 1 degree. During bathing, the temperature in the bathroom should be 28 C.
How to measure the temperature in the apartment
In order to track the deviation from the norms, it is recommended to regularly measure the temperature in living rooms. And it is important to do it correctly, taking into account all the technical requirements. They look like this:
- The measurement is made at the level of 1 m from the outer wall and 1.5 m from the floor covering;
- The presence of factors that can affect the temperature is not allowed in the room: slots, heaters, open windows / doors, direct sunlight;
- Indications are recorded hourly during the day, after which the average is calculated;
- The weather on the day of the inspection must be neutral, with no extreme heat or abnormal cold allowed.
When measuring, a deviation is considered to be a temperature below the standard. In cases where self measurement showed a deviation from the norm, you must contact the dispatch service. After a call to the address of the tenant, an emergency team is sent, which draws up an official inspection report. The document contains the following information:
- Technical description of the apartment, including its location (corner, central), area and other data;
- List of persons who measured the temperature;
- Description of the instrument used for measurements;
- Recorded temperature indicators;
- Signatures of all participants.
The act is filled in two copies: one of them remains in the hands of the owners of the apartment.
It is important! If the measurements showed that the temperature of the water in the radiator during the day was lower by 3 C o, and at night by 5 C o, the management company is obliged to recalculate the cost of utilities. The amount by which the cost of housing and communal services will be reduced depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. The more spacious the apartment, the less you will have to pay.
Air exchange rate in living quarters
In addition to temperature and humidity, one more factor affects the comfort of a person in an apartment. important factor- air exchange. This is a process during which the already exhausted air in the room is replaced with fresh partially or completely. Ventilation is carried out regularly to start air exchange.
This indicator indicates how many times per hour the air in the room is completely replaced with clean air. This value depends on the characteristics of the room and its area. So, if in an hour the volume of air in the room was replaced equal to the volume of the room - this is called a single air exchange. And if the volume of air is updated, similar to only half the volume of the room, this is considered 0.5-fold air exchange.
Air exchange rates
This parameter, like the others, is controlled by SanPiN norms. According to the document, the standards for the types of premises are distributed as follows:
- Residential premises up to 25 m 2 - air exchange of at least 3 m 3 / h per m 2;
- Kitchen with gas stove- 9 m 3 / h per m 2, with electric - 9 m 3 / h per m 2;
- Other rooms up to 20 m 2 - 1 m 3 / h per m 2.
As a rule, residents of apartment buildings do not undertake to independently measure the air exchange rate, since this is a complex procedure that requires additional equipment. Most often, professional bureaus and laboratories are engaged in measurements.
However, if there is no trust in experts or there is a strong desire to fix the indicators on your own, then this can be done in two ways:
- Purchase of the Air Door device. The design is installed in a door or window opening. The fan in its structure draws air into the room, then the multiplicity index is measured.
- Thermal anemometer and balometer. The first device shows the speed at which the air moves in the room, and the second - its volume.
Determination of coolant temperature in batteries
The temperature in the room largely depends on how hot the batteries are in the apartment. For the temperature of the coolant, there are also their own standards and ways to fix the indicators.
The infrared thermometer is designed for non-contact measurement of the temperature of various objects, including heating radiators.
You can measure the temperature of the coolant in several ways:
- Ordinary thermometer. The hot water that flows from the tap in the bathroom is the coolant from the radiator. Therefore, the easiest way is to draw hot water into a glass and measure its temperature by lowering an ordinary thermometer into it.
- Infrared/alcohol thermometer. In this way, the indicator is measured directly on the heating battery. If the procedure is performed with an alcohol thermometer, it is necessary to tightly tie it to the radiator and cover it with thermal insulation from above.
- Electrothermometer. More complex, but the most accurate measuring device. Thermocouples are fixed on the battery, after which the “temperature measurement” function is activated and a measurement is taken.
Each equipment has tolerances: for an alcohol thermometer, a deviation of 2 C o is considered normal, for an infrared thermometer - 0.5 C o.
Central heating
In some situations, after turning on the heating, nothing changes. The apartment is still as cold as before due to the fact that the radiators are not warm enough. There may be several reasons for this, and the most common is the ingress of a large amount of air into the system.
For most heating systems installed in apartment buildings there is no minimum temperature limit. The reference point is the air temperature in the room: if it meets the standards, then everything is in order with the degree of heating of the radiators.
Some heating systems can still be controlled. Thus, the norms existing in the regulatory acts can be applied to structures in which the pipe has a lower central supply to the radiator. These norms depend on the climatic conditions outside the apartment.
You need to focus on the following indicators:
- Outdoor temperature from +6 C o: water inlet - min. +55 C o, output - no more than +40 C o;
- Temperature 0 ... +6 C o: at the inlet - +66 C o, return - up to +50 C o;
- The temperature outside the window is from -5 C o: the beginning is +77 C o, the end is not higher than 55 C o.
Moreover, sanitary standards allowable temperature indicators are provided for two-pipe and single pipe systems heating. The following maximum temperatures are allowed by regulation:
- For two-pipe system– 95 C о;
- For single-pipe - 105 C about.
It is important! If during daytime measurements the average is below the norm by 4 C o, and at night - by 5 C o, you need to contact the public utilities for recalculation of the cost of services.
Hot water supply
In winter, the main indicator of problems in the heating system is the temperature of hot water from the tap. It should be in the range from +64 o to +76 o. To find out the water temperature, the following algorithm of actions is performed:
- A deep bowl is placed in the bath or sink.
- It is immediately necessary to put an alcohol thermometer in the container, then it is filled with hot water.
- The thermometer remains in the water for about 10 minutes, after which you can pour out the liquid and record the temperature.
If the result obtained is 3 degrees less or more than normal, then everything is in order with the temperature.
In winter, the temperature of hot water should be in the range from +64 o to +76 o
And if the temperature during the heating season is below normal
If central heating does not cope with the tasks set, and the apartments are not much warmer than on the street in the cool season, which means that the service is not of sufficient quality. The procedure for resolving the situation is regulated by the Rules for the provision of public services.
According to federal documents, both the owner of the apartment and the tenant can apply to the management company. The tariff will be recalculated by 0.15% for each hour when the specified standards were not observed. The reversal algorithm will be as follows:
- The person living in the apartment notifies the municipal service about the violation of the temperature regime by calling or in writing.
- The dispatcher records the owner's appeal and informs the applicant of his full name, time of registration of the appeal and its number.
- In agreement with the applicant, the date of the inspection is set. Specialists of the UK come to the place and independently measure the temperature.
It is important! If the applicant has not set a convenient date for the inspection, the utility companies are required to start measurements before two hours have passed from the date of registration of the application.
Based on the results, an act is filled out, where, if any, all violations found are indicated. It should also be recorded with which device the temperature was measured and at what time. All those present must sign the document. In the event that the representatives of the Criminal Code refuse to confirm the poor quality of the services provided, a re-inspection begins under the control of representatives of the housing inspectorate.
Responsibility of utilities for violation of the temperature regime
If the public utilities did not carry out an inspection within the agreed time frame, the apartment owner can independently draw up an inspection report with the participation of a representative of the HOA and two neighbors. Witnesses will have to monitor the correctness of the check and the reliability of the data entered into the act.
After drawing up the act, the victim has the right to send a claim to the management company with a document attached and demand a recalculation of the cost of the services provided.
It is important! Based on the complaint, representatives of the managing organization must eliminate all violations found, after which it is necessary to make sure that the situation has improved. After the work has been completed, the public utilities again check the premises and draw up an act where new data is recorded.
How to make a complaint
In the event that the public utilities failed to completely eliminate the problems or completely ignored the claim, the homeowner has the right to send a complaint to higher authorities. Representatives of such cases are involved in:
- Housing Inspection;
- Prosecutor's offices;
- Society for the protection of consumer rights.
It is necessary to send an act with fixed temperature indicators and a letter describing the problem.
To achieve a solution to the problem through the court, you need to prepare:
- Completed certificate of the passed inspection;
- Application issued by the dispatch service;
- Copies of all applications;
- Confirmation of the serviceability of the device that measured the temperature (copies of compliance).
By decision of the court, the representative of the management company is obliged to eliminate all violations within the period specified in the court order.
Recalculation of payment for heating
The recalculation is regulated by the appendix to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 of May 23, 2006. Representatives of the management company have the right to reduce the amount on the account if:
- During the day, the temperature in the rooms in the apartment is less than 17 C corner room- up to 21 C o;
- For one calendar month, the total duration of heating shutdown reached 24 hours;
- At a street temperature of less than -30 C about, the heating norms did not reach +20 C about for an ordinary living room and +22 C about for a corner room.
- There were one-time shutdowns of radiators for at least 15 hours at outdoor air temperatures below 11 C о.
If the temperature in the apartment is below 14 C for several days, citizens have the right not to pay for the service at all. In addition, an application for recalculation is submitted in the event of a breakdown of the heating battery.
By law, citizens have the right to demand a recalculation of heat fees by 0.15% for each hour of non-compliance with the temperature norm
At the same time, a reduction in the cost of services provided may be refused if:
- In the room, heat is lost through cracks or open windows;
- Walls, windows or doors are not insulated;
- Increased air content was recorded in risers.
During the year, a one-time recalculation of the cost of utilities is possible. Experts warn that the recalculation is a lengthy procedure that requires the collection of a large number of documents. Therefore, before starting to deal with the registration process, it is necessary to carefully prepare.
The utility is an organization that is required to monitor the level of customer service and respond to the slightest temperature discrepancies. A homeowner who knows exactly what the temperature should be in each room will be able to quickly respond to problems and regain their rights to receive quality services.
The microclimate in the apartment is determined by many factors. This includes air temperature. The word temperature is of Latin origin and means "normal state". Approximately normal room temperature according to scientific calculations is from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. But, of course, the main requirement for it is to be comfortable for people living in the apartment. In addition, the temperature regime in the house may depend on numerous nuances. It is worth considering them to create a comfortable atmosphere in your home.
Factors influencing the temperature in the apartment
First of all, let's take into account external factors affecting the temperature in the apartment. So, room temperature may vary due to:
- General climatic terrain features;
- change season;
- Age and preference tenants;
- Features specific premises.
How the amount of allocated energy allocated for heating is measured is explained in this article:
Climatic features
The norm of the temperature regime in the room varies for each specific area. So, for example, she will different for northern and southern regions, for east and west. For African countries, it will be one, and for Asian or, for example, European, another.
Climate different countries is different. And climate is not just temperature. This concept also includes the humidity in the apartment and outside, as well as atmospheric pressure. The combination of these factors affects the determination of the norm of air temperature in the room. As a rule, in hotter countries with high humidity air temperature standards for residential premises are higher than for northern countries with a cold climate.
Change of season
Depending on the change of season, the temperature in the apartment may also vary. For example, in winter it will not be too high, but in summer period will grow accordingly. On average, for the European climate, an acceptable temperature in the cold season 19-22 degrees Celsius, and in a roast 22−25. The difference at first glance seems insignificant, but begins to matter with constant exposure.
Human factor
The main purpose of temperature control in an apartment is to create a comfort zone for the people living in it. Someone feels comfortable in the heat and does not think about buying an air conditioner, while someone lives in the cold with the windows open. However, do not forget that human preferences do not always correspond to the correct temperature regime. Overheating of the room, as well as its excessive hypothermia, can be extremely adversely affect human health.
Be sure to take into account the difference in temperature norms for people of different sex and age. For example, comfortable temperature differs for men and women by about by 2-3 degrees. Women are more thermophilic than men.
Particular attention must be paid to the temperature in the apartment where he lives Small child. For example, a baby has not yet developed thermoregulation of the body, so it is very sensitive to temperature changes, quickly freezes and overheats. Therefore, the temperature in the children's room must be stable. On average, it is 20-23 degrees Celsius.
Temperature for each room
Depending on what functionality this or that room performs in the apartment, the norm of the temperature regime changes.
It should also be remembered that too large a temperature difference in different rooms should not be. A difference of 2-3 degrees is considered ideal, so that when moving around the apartment, a person does not feel the difference.
The temperature in the apartment regulated by one of the GOSTs, as well as the rules for the provision of public services. It is noteworthy that this norm it has only a lower temperature threshold of 18 ° C, but it does not have a higher one. That is, the highest standard must be set by ourselves, based on their own preferences and focusing on research in this area.
There is also a table that shows the recommended norms for indoor air temperature for housing, as well as the speed of movement and air humidity.
Despite personal preferences, the temperature norm should still be adhered to at least minimally. This is especially true during the periods of summer and winter, when the temperature in the apartment and on the street are radically different. Therefore, going out into the street and returning home, we constantly exposed to temperature fluctuations. First of all, it is worth considering that the difference between the air temperature inside the apartment and outside should not exceed 4-5 degrees. Failure to do this leads to the fact that the body receives a certain stress. Having, for example, cardiac problems can cause a heart attack. Also, non-compliance with the temperature regime can lead to overheating or hypothermia of the body. Both conditions have dangerous consequences, about which it is worth saying a few more words.
Overheating of the body
Excessively hot atmosphere in the apartment creates conditions favorable for the reproduction of all kinds of bacteria. As a result, we get infectious diseases in a seemingly inappropriate hot season.
First of all, overheating has a detrimental effect on the heart. In conditions of excessive heat, the human body begins to lose moisture, the blood begins to thicken and, accordingly, the heart need to work hard to distill the blood. This can be a serious problem for people with cardiovascular disease.
Also, overheating the body is dangerous. dehydration, because, trying to maintain a balance of external and internal heat, we begin to sweat and, accordingly, lose moisture. Without replenishing it from the outside, we get dehydration of the body, which can lead to serious disturbances in the water and electrolyte balance and nervous system.
For supporting optimum temperature In winter, you need to choose high-quality heating radiators:
Hypothermia of the body
Hypothermia, in medicine hypothermia" is extremely dangerous for human health. Hypothermia affects the entire human body as a whole and can cause serious illness.
With a decrease in temperature, the heat transfer of the body increases; with its prolonged low impact, the body does not have time to compensate for heat losses and maintain a normal temperature. Decreased body temperature is below 36 degrees Celsius.
Hypothermia of the body can cause acute respiratory diseases, as well as diseases of the nervous system. Hypothermia is especially dangerous in little children, since their body does not have adult heat dissipation and therefore cools much faster and suffers more from it.
Summarizing the above, it is worth noting that the ambient temperature has a significant impact on human health. She might like to help him carry on body hardening and vice versa can create conditions for the exacerbation of chronic and the acquisition of new diseases.
That is why you should carefully consider maintaining a comfortable temperature in the apartment. This will be easy to do by following the above recommendations.