Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics under the shade of flowering trees have long become an integral part of the welcome of spring in the Land of the Rising Sun. The financial and academic year begins here on April 1, when the magnificent cherry blossoms are in full bloom. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese are marked by their blossoming. But sakura grows well in cooler regions - certain types can be successfully grown even in Siberia.
We have prepared a hearty, incredibly appetizing and simply elementary dish for you today. This gravy is one hundred percent universal, as it goes with every side dish: vegetables, pasta, or whatever. Gravy with chicken and mushrooms will save you in moments when there is no time or you don't want to think too much about what to cook. Grab your favorite side dish (you can do it ahead of time to keep everything hot), add the gravy and lunch is ready! A real lifesaver.
Agriculture belongs to such types human activity, the successful outcome of which is not always directly proportional to the efforts made. Unfortunately, nature does not necessarily act as our ally in growing plants, but often even, on the contrary, throws up new challenges. Increased reproduction of pests, abnormal heat, late return frosts, hurricane wind, drought ... And one of the springs presented us with another surprise - a flood.
With the coming of the season summer cottage works the question arises of growing strong and healthy seedlings our favorite vegetables: cabbage, tomatoes, sweet peppers, eggplant and many other crops. Along with this, the question arises - how to grow worthy seedlings and in the future to get from it healthy plants and a decent harvest? For example, I have been growing seedlings for a single season and protect my garden from diseases with the help biological products Alirin-B, Gamair, Glyokladin, Trichocin.
I will allow myself to confess my love today. In love for ... lavender. One of the best unpretentious, evergreen and flowering shrubs that can be successfully grown in your garden. And if someone thinks that lavender is Mediterranean, or at least southern, then you are wrong. Lavender grows well in more northern regions, even in the Moscow region. But in order to grow it, you need to know some rules and features. They will be discussed in this article.
Having once tasted such a priceless product as pumpkin, it is already difficult to stop looking for new recipes for serving it to the table. Korean style pumpkin, despite its pungency and spice, has a fresh and delicate taste. After cooking, you will need to cover the salad and let it brew for at least 15 minutes. My butternut squash is very juicy and sweet, so there is no need to crush it. If the pumpkin is of a different variety, then you can knead it with your hands so that it slightly sips the juice.
Salad, as the earliest and unpretentious green culture, has always been held in high esteem by gardeners. Most summer residents usually start spring planting by sowing lettuce, parsley and radish. V recent times striving for healthy eating and big choice greens in supermarkets make gardeners wonder which of these plants can be grown in their beds? In this article, we will tell you about nine of the most interesting, in our opinion, types of salad.
Another “bonus” is always “attached” to the flowering of indoor roses - capriciousness. When they say that it is easy to grow roses in rooms, they are disingenuous. For flowering indoor roses must be created literally ideal conditions... And vigilant care, attention and response to any plant signals is the main guarantee of success. True, no matter how capricious roses are, growing them in a pot format can be quite successful. And attentive flower growers should not be afraid of this.
Pollock is best cooked in a casserole, separating the fillets from the skin and bones. Pieces of fish are mixed with a variegated vegetable set, poured over with a sauce of cheese, sour cream and eggs. This fish casserole has a presentable look, and its taste is a whimsical mixture of subtle nuances. Vegetables and fillets are soaked in sour cream, the cheese will harden with a golden brown crust, eggs will tie all the ingredients together. Pieces of fish are abundantly sprinkled with Italian herbs, and pollock acquires an unusual piquancy.
Despite the fact that the calendar spring begins in March, you can truly feel the awakening of nature only with the appearance of flowering plants in the garden. Nothing testifies to the arrival of spring as eloquently as the clearing of flowering primroses. Their appearance is always a small holiday, because winter has receded, and a new gardening season awaits us. But, in addition to spring primroses, there is still something to see and admire in the garden in the month of April.
Growing rapidly and turning into wild thickets, hogweed disrupts the existing ecosystem and suppresses all other plants. Essential oils contained in the fruits and leaves of hogweed, cause severe forms of dermatitis. At the same time, it is much more difficult to deal with it than with other common weeds. Fortunately, today a tool has appeared on the free sale that can short term rid your site of most weeds, including hogweed.
Carrots happen different colors: orange, white, yellow, purple. Beta-carotene and lycopene predominate in orange carrots, the yellow color is due to the presence of xanthophylls (lutein); white carrots are high in fiber, while purple carrots contain anthocyanin, beta and alpha carotenes. But, as a rule, gardeners choose carrot varieties for sowing not by the color of the fruit, but by the timing of their ripening. About the best early, middle and late varieties we will explain in this article.
We recommend a fairly easy pie recipe with an appetizing chicken and potato filling. Open pie with chicken and potatoes is great hearty dish, which is perfect for a hearty snack, it is very convenient to take a couple of these baked goods on the road. The cake is baked in the oven for one hour at 180 degrees. After that we put it on wooden surface, having previously released it from the form. It is enough to slightly cool the baked goods and you can start tasting.
The long-awaited spring for many indoor plants is the start of an active growing season, and for most, the return of their decorative effect. Admiring young leaves and emerging shoots, one should not forget that spring is also a great stress for all indoor plants. Sensitive and versatile, all indoor crops are exposed to much brighter lighting, changes in humidity and temperature conditions.
You can easily prepare homemade Easter cake with cottage cheese and candied fruits, even without any pastry experience behind you. You can bake Easter cake not only in a special form or in paper mold... For the first culinary experiences (and not only), I advise you to take a small cast iron pan... The cake in a frying pan will not turn out as high as in a narrow form, but it never burns and always bakes well inside! Yeast curd dough turns out to be airy and aromatic.
Mandarin- an evergreen plant that belongs to the Rutov family. The specific Latin name for mandarin is Citrus reticulate. Like orange, lemon, lime, grapefruit, it belongs to the genus Citrus. The life form of this plant is interesting - it can be a shrub and a tree, reaching a height of 5 meters.
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Indoor tangerine
Like other representatives of the genus Citrus, mandarin has long been grown in greenhouses, greenhouses, winter gardens... Despite its size, a tangerine at home can be grown on a balcony or on a windowsill. Currently, breeders have bred many varieties of dwarf and undersized tangerines for home cultivation, maximum height which is 0.6-1.1 m. Indoor tangerine may not belong to dwarf varieties, then the plant needs to be heavily pruned and shaped.
Indoor tangerine very showy potted plant... And not only because of the bright, aromatic and mouth-watering orange fruits that can last for several months. Sometimes the plant delights only in its flowering, because the delicate white mandarin flowers exude an amazing aroma. In some varieties, flowering begins in spring and may continue. all year round. Indoor tangerine grown as a bonsai is a real work of art.
1:882Indoor tangerine fruits set without artificial pollination, usually ripen at the end of the year. Often indoor tangerine bought in a pot in a store with fruits already hanging on it. Despite the fact that they are very appetizing, they are not worth eating. After all, to achieve such a high decorative effect plants receive high doses of fertilizers. The tangerine has beautiful leathery and corrugated leaves.
1:1619Popular tangerine varieties for growing at home
Unshiu is a Japanese variety, the most unpretentious, begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years, in indoor conditions grows to 0.8-1.5 m. Branches well. Blooms profusely in spring; forms fruits in late October-November. Pear-shaped fruits lack seeds.
Kovano-Vasa, Miha-Vasa, Miyagawa-Vasa - dwarf tangerines Vasya groups - suitable for growing on a windowsill, height 40-80 cm. Orange-yellow fruits ripen for the first time in the second year of cultivation, abundant flowering. Like all dwarf varieties, they do not need crown formation.
Shiva-Mikan is an early, compact, fast-growing variety. Small fruits, no more than 30 g
Murcott- The fruits of this compact tangerine variety are very sweet, ripen in summer, taste very sweet, therefore the name of the variety is translated as "honey".
Clementine- a hybrid of mandarin and orange, bears fruit at home in the second year. One adult domestic tree per year produces up to 50 medium flattened orange-red fruits, very fragrant, with a shiny skin. Plants of this variety with numerous seeds are called montreal.
Mandarin home care
Lighting tangerine at home
The first step in successful cultivation indoor tangerine - choosing a place for a plant and its correct lighting.
Indoor tangerine, as well as grown in open ground, necessary good lighting with some direct sunlight. In low light, the plant slows down growth, produces few flowers or does not bloom at all. With a strong lack of light, the leaves of indoor tangerine become faded, new shoots are elongated, thin and painful in appearance. Therefore, it is better to grow a plant in the eastern, southeastern and southern windows, shading from midday direct rays. In summer, the plant can be taken out onto the balcony, gradually accustoming it to the street.
In winter, with a short daylight hours, the indoor tangerine should be exposed in the most illuminated place with direct sunlight. But sometimes even this is not enough: artificial lighting is needed. For this purpose, an ordinary phytolight is suitable, which can be screwed into a chandelier or desk lamp... It is necessary to transfer the plant to supplementary lighting gradually. With a sharp change in the length of daylight hours, it can shed its leaves.
Content temperature
Optimum temperature for indoor tangerine in the summer + 20-25 oC. During the period of budding and flowering, so that flowers do not fall off, it is better to keep the plant at a temperature slightly below + 20 ° C. V winter time to ensure a relative rest period, tangerine is kept at + 5 -10 ° C. A plant that is rested over the winter will bloom and bear fruit better.
How to water and spray tangerines at home
The indoor mandarin, like its wild ancestors, is adapted to withstand dry periods. As a last resort, the plant will shed its leaves to reduce the amount of liquid that evaporates. A common problem when growing tangerine at home, it is excessive watering, which leads to the development of fungal diseases.
The amount of water for irrigation of indoor tangerine depends on several factors:
- the size of the plant;
- the size of the container in which the tangerine grows;
- ambient temperature;
- the duration of daylight hours and the intensity of illumination.
The larger the leaf surface of the indoor mandarin, the stronger the evaporation, and the more it needs watering. Temperature also affects the rate of evaporation: the higher it is, the more the plant loses moisture. The length of daylight hours directly affects the amount of moisture that evaporates. Stomata - formations on the underside of terrestrial plants, which serve for gas exchange, open during daylight hours.
Watering indoor tangerine should be carried out in the first half of the day, when the plant has activated life processes. When the temperature drops, watering is reduced, until it stops for several days during a period when the temperature in the room is only + 12-15 ° C. In this case, the tangerine is not watered big amount water, only to maintain life.
Mandarin at home needs regular spraying of the leaves.... Strongly dry air has a negative effect on the plant and is often a prerequisite for its infestation with spider mites. If the indoor tangerine blooms, then you need to make sure that water does not get on its flowers.
How to feed tangerine at home
Full-fledged tangerine care at home is not possible without additional mineral and organic feeding. The soil in the pot is quickly depleted and washed out during watering, and recreational processes practically do not occur in it, unlike soil in nature.
For feeding, you can use soluble or dry fertilizers. In the spring, with an increase in daylight hours, the feeding for indoor tangerine is increased. It is in the early spring period that vegetative and generative buds begin to develop intensively, at this time the plant requires additional nutrients.
At home, mandarin is fertilized, like everyone else. houseplants, that is, in the morning. The ambient temperature should be at least + 18-19 degrees.
For feeding, soluble fertilizers are often used. They can be used to water the plant, and in a weaker concentration, spray its leaves. For feeding indoor tangerine, any complex mineral fertilizer containing phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium is suitable - the main elements necessary for plants.
Dissolve fertilizers in soft or settled water at room temperature. The main thing is not to increase the dose. If the instructions say: 1 cap of the product per 1 liter of water, do not think that 2 caps will make the solution more useful. This will lead to the opposite effect - chemical burns or toxic poisoning of the plant.
You need to feed the tangerine at home during the period of intensive growth (from March to September) 2 times a week. Less often, but not more often.
Dry fertilizers that are applied to the soil and gradually dissolve, giving the soil trace elements, must be applied even more carefully. Their dignity is that by introducing them in the spring you can long time forget about feeding. However, they can be quickly used by the plant, and it will be difficult to guess about it. The introduction of an additional dose of fertilizer will lead to the above-mentioned overdose.
Organic fertilizers are also needed to grow tangerines. To do this, you can dilute infused cow dung in a ratio of 1/10. The best option will use organic fertilizers in combination with mineral fertilizers for soil fertilization.
Additional home care for tangerine
To form a lush tangerine tree, pinch the tops of its branches.
Caring for a tangerine at home also involves removing dried leaves or stretched twigs.
On the young flowering plants partially remove the flowers so as not to deplete them and to allow several fruits to ripen. One ovary can be left for 15-20 leaves of an adult plant. The less fruit remains on the tangerine, the larger they will be.
Fruit-bearing branches of indoor tangerine are tied, tied to a support, otherwise they may break from the severity of the fruit, and the plant will not have an attractive appearance.
Diseases and pests
Mandarin at home can be affected by the scabbard, red spider mite and mealybug. Spraying the plant with soapy water (2 tablespoons of liquid soap, you can use "Fairy" for 3 liters of water) will help from the scabbard. It is better to clean off the pests by hand beforehand. After keeping the solution on the leaves for half an hour, it is washed off with warm water. When a spider mite is affected, the pest is harvested by hand, after which the leaves and twigs are wiped with a cotton swab moistened cold water or alcohol, then sprayed with a two-day infusion of garlic or onions (crush 200 g and pour warm boiled water). Against mealybugs, removing the pest with a cotton swab and spraying it with garlic infusion 3 times (once every 7 days), or rubbing it with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol (can be replaced with calendula tincture) will also help. In case of persistent damage by any pest, they resort to potent chemicals, which are used according to the instructions.
If watering is incorrect, mandarin leaves become stained and fall off. To prevent or eliminate the problem, follow the rules for watering citrus plants.
Tangerine transplant at home
Correct care for tangerine at home involves a plant transplant. Usually, a transplant is carried out if the plant, in our case a room tangerine, is cramped in a pot. As a rule, young indoor tangerine plants are transplanted annually, plants over 7 years old are transplanted every 2 years. For transplant, use a special potting soil for citrus fruits or make it themselves from sod land (50%) and leaf, humus and sand, taken in equal parts.
For transplanting an indoor tangerine, choose a pot with diameters 5 - 8 cm larger than the previous one. It is forbidden small plant plant immediately in a large pot: this often leads to root rot. Moreover, it is neither aesthetically pleasing nor practical.
Mandarin at home, as in nature, prefers a light substrate with weak acidity. It is imperative to put drainage at the bottom of the transplant tank - this is the prevention of water stagnation and root rot. As a drain, you can use: expanded clay, small stones, fragments of ceramic dishes, pieces of foam.
A transplant of indoor tangerine cannot be carried out during the flowering of the plant. It is better to do this in the spring at the beginning of the awakening of the plant from a relative dormant period.
You cannot feed the plant 2-3 days before transplanting, as well as use fertilizers within 12-14 days after transplanting.
After transplanting, the indoor tangerine is lightly watered to settle the soil. After 30-40 minutes, if necessary, add a substrate to the pot and water it again.
Reproduction of indoor tangerine
At home, tangerines can be propagated in two ways:
- vegetative (rooting of branches);
- generative (growing from a bone).
For rooting cuttings, it is better to use a rooting agent - the survival rate will be 3-4 times higher. To do this, cuttings with 2-3 leaves are dipped in a rooting agent and planted in moist soil, covering from above with a film or cut plastic bottle, be sure to leave holes in them for ventilation. The cuttings take root within a few months.
Growing a tangerine at home from a seed is the longest way of reproduction, especially since some varieties almost do not form seeds. In addition, indoor tangerines grown in this way will need to be grafted, otherwise it will not bloom. For rootstock better fit indoor lemon or home-grown grapefruit from the seed.
Since both methods of reproduction of indoor tangerine take too long, more often amateur flower growers buy already grafted indoor tangerine in the shops.
Homemade orange and tangerine tree looks beautiful and impressive. During its flowering, white fragrant buds are formed. And after a while, tasty fruits are formed. If grown in the bonsai style, you can get a real work of art. The article will tell you about what the plant looks like, what varieties are suitable for the apartment, how to properly organize the care of the house.
Homemade orange and tangerine is a flowering evergreen plant. Belongs to the genus citrus, the calamondin family. The height is 4-5 meters. Productivity ranges from 5,000 to 7,000 fruits per tree. The crown is round and spreading, with a diameter of about 3.5 meters. The bark is light gray. Young shoots are colored in dark green... Leaves are leathery, small in size. They are ovoid, pointed at the end. Photos of a tangerine tree can be seen in specialized literature.
Growing tangerine at home
It is not difficult to grow tangerine, kiwi, pomegranate, persimmon at home. When planted with a bone, the tree begins to bloom and bear fruit after 7-8 years. But such a state can be achieved much faster if, at the 4th year of life, an inoculation from a fruiting tree is carried out. If you don't want to bother with planting and reproduction, it is better to buy a plant in a specialized store or order it online. Usually the fruits are formed without artificial pollination.
To get a good harvest, the plant must be properly looked after and fertilized.
From seed, seeds
Planting a seed is the easiest way to get a tangerine tree at home. But this process is lengthy. In addition, not all varieties form seeds. For planting, you should buy high-quality material that has been properly stored, has not been exposed to direct sunlight and has not been frozen. Seeds need to be washed and dried. Then they are wrapped in a damp cotton cloth. When the seeds increase in size and sprouts begin to hatch, they are planted in a pot with a fertile substrate. As it grows, the plant is transplanted into a larger container. It is better to sow several seeds at once, because the percentage of their germination is average. It is important to consider that the fruits grown from the stone are inedible. Therefore, in order to improve taste get vaccinated. More details on the process can be seen in the video.
Inoculating a tangerine seedling
Grafting a tangerine seedling allows you to get a bountiful harvest. The procedure is carried out from April to May or in the month of August. It is important to get the best stock and cutting from a fruitful, healthy tree. Use biennial or annual grapefruit branches. Thorns and leaves are cut from the cutting. A plant with a well-developed bark is suitable for a stock. The barrel is first wiped from dust and dirt. Then a small T-shaped incision is made on the bark. With a knife, the bark is pushed back and the handle is inserted into the hole. This area is smeared with garden varnish, wrapped with a cloth, leaving only a bud on the surface. Vaccinated homemade tangerine cover plastic bottle or plastic bag to create a greenhouse effect. After three weeks, the branch should take root.
Cuttings for growing a tangerine tree
Often for growing decorative tree use a stalk. A small branch with a leaf can be purchased at a specialist store or cut from an existing tree. The stalk is planted in a fertile, loose substrate. After which it is abundantly watered and covered with a plastic bottle. After 60 days, the branch will take root, leaves will begin to appear. It is allowed to remove the cover only when the plant is fully strengthened. Further care consists in timely irrigation, annual transplantation and feeding.
Crossing mandarin with other citrus fruits
It is easy to get hybrid forms of mandarin at home. To do this, crossbreeding with other citrus plants is carried out. For example, with lemon, orange, grapefruit. When a mandarin is crossed with a North African orange, clementine is obtained. The tree produces medium-sized to small orange-red fruits with a flattened shape. To perform a cross, it is necessary to pollinate the flowers of one plant with the pollen of another. The seeds obtained from the fruit are planted in a box with a fertile substrate. To grow such a hybrid, you need a graft. Without this procedure good harvest not to achieve. If you provide clementine with the necessary conditions for keeping, after a few years the tree will begin to bear fruit.
Features of tree care
When keeping tangerine in the room, it is important to observe the light and temperature conditions.
In order for a young plant to grow stronger, the first three years after planting, all ovaries and flowers are removed. Only in the fourth year is the tree allowed to bear fruit. But since at this age the branches are still weak and thin, it is impossible for more than 6 fruits to form. Every year the plant will be able to produce more and more fruits. It is advisable to tie up shoots during fruiting. If you organize the care correctly, about 60 tangerines can be harvested from one adult tree.
Temperature and lighting
Mandarin is a light and heat-loving plant. Therefore, it should be placed on the east, south or west window. In this case, it is necessary to construct shading from the midday sun. In winter, additional lighting is installed. In summer, the tree is taken out on the veranda or balcony. But to fresh air the plant should be taught gradually. The optimal temperature is +25 degrees in summer and +17 degrees in winter. In order for the tangerine to bear fruit abundantly at an age, experts recommend a cold winter: keep the pot in a room where the temperature does not exceed +12 degrees.
Watering the tangerine tree
In spring and autumn, irrigate once a day with settled warm water. The irrigation regime must be adjusted so as to prevent waterlogging and drying out of the soil so that the tangerine does not shed the foliage. Excess moisture causes root rot, and its deficiency leads to leaf fall. Mandarin tree prefers high humidity so regular spraying will be helpful. It is important to ensure that no water gets on the flowers during spraying and watering. Experts advise placing a pot of wood on a pallet with damp expanded clay, pebbles or moss.
Soil requirements and necessary fertilizers
To grow homemade tangerines, use slightly acidic soil. You can buy ready-made soil for citrus fruits in the store or prepare the substrate yourself from sod and leafy soil, clay, humus and coarse sand. Fertilization begins in June, when the plant enters a phase of active growth. Nutrients are applied twice a month. They are fed after the irrigation procedure so as not to burn the root system. It is better to use infusion of cow dung and yeast as fertilizers. Special formulations for citrus fruits are also suitable. In winter, feeding is not carried out.
Transplanting a tangerine tree
The transplant is performed as the tree grows. For young plant this procedure is carried out once a year. Mandarins over 7 years old are transplanted every two years. The transshipment method is used. New pot should be 6 centimeters larger in diameter than the previous one. WITH 
never land in a large container. This is fraught with root rot. Not worth replanting during flowering. The optimal time for such an event is the beginning of spring. A few days before the planned transplant date, you need to stop feeding.
For the procedure to be successful, you must adhere to the algorithm of actions:
- Water the tree abundantly.
- Remove the plant from the old container.
- Place gently in a new pot.
- Sprinkle with earth.
- Moisten the soil slightly.
Reproduction, pruning, shaping
The tangerine is propagated at home in a generative or vegetative way. The first method involves growing from a bone. The essence of the second is rooting branches. When choosing cuttings, a special rooting solution should be used. Then the survival rate will increase several times. Both methods are time consuming. Therefore, some flower growers prefer to buy an already grafted indoor tangerine in the store.
Usually domestic varieties are undersized. If you shape the crown correctly, you can create a bonsai tree that will become a real decoration of the room. To keep the plant looking neat, you need to control the growth of side shoots and tops. For this, the branches that are lowered down and growing inward are pruned.
Home cultivars
For growing tangerines at home, varieties are used that are stunted and compact. The most popular are Unshiu, Wasse tangerines, Shiva-Mikan, Clementine. Unshiu is a Japanese variety that is characterized by unpretentiousness, early maturity, and good branching. The tree grows up to 1.5 meters. Abundant flowering, falls in the spring season. The fruits ripen at the end of November. The tree is resistant to low temperatures.
Kovano-Wase and Miyagawa-Wase are dwarf varieties that range in height from 40 to 80 centimeters. Forged-Vasya grows no more than 50 centimeters. Differs in abundant flowering. The tree bears fruit in the second year of life, gives orange-yellow fruits of a round-flattened shape. The benefits include frost resistance and high yield... Miyagawa-Wase is the tallest variety in the Wase group. It is characterized by large fruits that have a smooth thin skin and are devoid of seeds. Fruits ripen in September and retain their taste for a long time.
Shiva Mikan is a fast growing, compact variety that produces small but very sweet fruits. Shiva-Mikan tangerines ripen in summer. Often grown in apartments and Clementine - a hybrid of orange and tangerine. The tree begins to bear fruit in the second year of life. One plant bears about 50 orange-red fruits per year. Fruit contains a lot of seeds.
Possible growing problems
If you follow all the rules of care, take into account the characteristics of the variety, there will be no problems when growing a tree. But it's not uncommon for beginners to make mistakes in content. citrus plant within a month. Florists often notice that the foliage begins to turn yellow, curl and fall off. 
This happens for various reasons:
- The tree is aging.
- Lack of light.
- Air is too dry.
- The transplant was performed incorrectly.
- There are drafts in the apartment.
When yellowing starts at the bottom of the crown and spreads upward, it is most likely that there is a nitrogen deficiency. If the young leaves turn yellow and dry first, and then the old ones, this means that the tree is deficient in iron. It happens that the leaves begin to fall off for no apparent reason. In this case, resuscitation and feeding with potassium nitrate should be carried out. If the cancer is cured and the cause of the yellow foliage is removed, the tree will recover quickly.
Mandarin is susceptible to such pests:
- Spider mite. It is manifested by the appearance of light small dots on the underside of the sheet.
- Mealy worm. Looks like a white fluffy bloom.
- Aphid. They are small insects of light green color.
- Shield. A sticky syrup-like bloom forms on the leaves.
Citrus products
Mandarins are considered low in calories, so they are often used in dietary meals. Drinks, juices, classic compotes, lemonade are prepared from this fruit. Isabella and chacha are made from it, alcohol and grapes. There are also recipes for compotes and pomace from dandelions, apples and plums with alcohol. There are many recipes that allow you to create a real dietary treat from healthy tangerine.
For example, crusts and candied fruits are delicious. To prepare them, you should soak the crust in water throughout the day. Then cut it into thin strips. Cook candied fruits in sugar syrup for an hour. Then they are laid out on a baking sheet and left to dry.
In the east, fresh slices of this fruit are added to sweet soups and vegetable salads. Ice cream is made from tangerine, milk, condensed milk, sour cream. The tangerine is peeled and mashed using a blender. Add condensed milk and sour cream. All mix and pour the mass into a container with a lid. Put in the freezer for 6 hours. Every 40 minutes, you need to take out the container and mix the ice cream. It is recommended to serve the dessert with fruit syrup.
The spectacular pot culture - indoor tangerine - fell in love with many flower growers not only for its bright fragrant fruits ripening on New Year's Eve, but also for white flowers that exude a surprisingly delicate, incredibly pleasant aroma during flowering. Some cultivars of mandarin are capable of blooming all year round. Look at the photo, how beautiful the tree looks in the interior of the room. Mandarin is easy to grow and care for, it can be easily planted and propagated even at home. See for yourself.
Biological characteristics and common varieties
Mandarin (Citrus reticulate) belongs to the large group of Citrus fruits. The culture is a tree or shrub, reaching 5 m in nature. Of all citrus fruits, mandarin is the most winter-hardy and productive plant. It is able to withstand a short-term drop in temperature to -12-15 degrees. Mandarin trees begin to bear fruit in the second year of planting. Its flowers are slightly smaller than lemon flowers, but have a more piercing, strong aroma. Plants are usually grown indoors. dwarf varieties not exceeding 40-50 cm.
The tangerine tree can bloom and bear fruit at the same time
Of the common varieties, the following can be noted:
- Mandarin Georgian seedless(Unshiu) - The most common in indoor culture due to its large fruits with a thin skin and juicy sweet pulp. Practically does not form seeds.
- Mandarin Georgian narrow-leaved- the plant produces smaller fruits. The peel is slightly thicker than that of the Unshiu variety. The pulp is sweet, fine-grained and very juicy.
- Mandarin Forged-Wasse- high-yielding, early ripe variety... It bears a lot of fruits even in a domestic culture. Able to bear fruit in the first year of planting.
Planting indoor tangerine
The cultivation of tangerine trees began in ancient China, where orange-yellow fruits were available only to the rich - tangerines. Where, perhaps, the name of the culture came from. In our time, dwarf tangerine plants already on the branches bright fruits, can be easily purchased at many flower shops.
Young tangerine trees for indoor cultivation
After purchase, the plant is recommended to be transplanted into a fresh, suitable substrate for citrus fruits with an acidity of pH 5.5-7.0. The soil can be compiled independently by mixing in a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 0.5 leaf, turf soil, humus and river sand. Take a pot for transplanting only 2-3 cm larger than the previous one - this will stimulate the tangerine to grow.
Features of growing and caring for tangerine
Indoor tangerine trees are very light-requiring. It is recommended to place them no further than 1 m from the window of the east or south side.
Attention! Citrus fruits (and tangerines are no exception) easily get used to the light on the one hand, so sharp turns and rearrangements from one window sill to the other are contraindicated for a tangerine tree. This causes a disruption in the metabolism of nutrients in the leaves, which leads to abundant leaf fall, and in some cases even to the death of the entire plant.
For development and optimal growth, tangerine will need a temperature of + 16-20 degrees in the spring-summer period and + 12-15 - in winter. In summer and during flowering, carefully monitor the temperature indicators near the plant, as overheating threatens with wilting of flowers and fruits.
Mandarin responds very well to spraying
Pay particular attention to the leaf mass: carry out regular spraying and cleaning of the leaf plates. The flowering and yield of the tangerine directly depends on the condition and number of leaves. Watch the soil moisture in the pot: it should not dry out completely. Water only with warm, purified or settled water.
Important! All citrus fruits are excellent air purifiers, as they saturate it with a large amount of phytoncides.
Top dressing
Fertilizing an adult fruiting tangerine tree begins in the summer and continues until the end of September. Give preference organic fertilizers- infused and diluted in a ratio of 1:10 cow dung... In the spring, before flowering, tangerine can be fed 2-3 times with complex fertilizer for citrus fruits.
Reproduction
Indoor mandarin can be propagated in two ways:
- by rooting the apical cutting;
- grafting on the stock.
Cuttings are carried out at the beginning of summer. For rooting, means that stimulate root formation are used, since the cuttings do not give roots well.
Propagation of a tangerine tree by grafting on a stock
Vaccination is more effective and successful. As a rootstock, use self-rooted cuttings of lemon or seedlings of any citrus fruits.
Common diseases and pests
Most often, the plant is exposed to late blight, gray rot and scab. For prevention, it is recommended to carry out regular spraying with systemic fungicides.
From pests to tangerine trees great harm apply scale insects, aphids, spider mite and thrips. To combat them, special natural or chemical insecticides are used.
- one of the most beloved delicacies in new year's eve... The aroma of citrus cheers up, gives the body many useful microelements and pleases with a pleasant, sweet taste. It is possible to grow a "home" tangerine. Moreover, it is simple. The plant will decorate the interior of the room, refresh the air with delicate floral-citrus notes.
Citrus tree small size specially bred for growing in greenhouses, conservatories and rooms. Beautiful ornamental plant is able not only to brighten up the atmosphere of the room, but also to bear fruit. The process of growing a tangerine is very interesting, and what pride comes after the first tasted sweet fruit grown on your own! Growing conditions, planting and caring for citrus - all this can be found in useful material for the grower.
Mandarin was originally native to China. In nature, it reaches a height of 4 to 5 m and grows as a lush tree. Citrus leaves are bright green, juicy and glossy. Interestingly, the plant changes its crown only once every four years. The plant blooms with white inflorescences in May. Mandarin begins to bear fruit at 4-5 years of age. Fruits are round in shape, slightly flattened in the center, bright orange or yellow, ripen in October. The peel is easy to peel, thin or firm, depending on the variety and type.
The tangerine tree belongs to the mulberry family and has many species and varieties.
The house plant belongs to a group called satsum. It is customary to grow them indoors. This is a frost-resistant tree, reaching a height of no more than 2 m. It begins to bear fruit at 3-4 years of age, the fruits are sweet or moderately sweet, depending on the variety in this group. Many gardeners grow tangerines from seeds they get from store-bought fruits. But such bones are not capable of producing sweet and tasty fruits in the future. The fruits from the store are tangerines from the "tangerine" or "noble" group, which are not grown at home, they need a full-fledged climate and a lot of space.
For tangerine cultivation at home, it is advisable to find seed material of the "satsum" group and a variety intended for indoor cultivation. So you don't have to bother with grafting a tangerine or a noble species planted and grown from a "store" seed. Having figured out the intricacies of citrus, you can decide which tangerine to grow at home.
Whichever type of tangerine the gardener chooses for growing, the conditions under which the plant will feel comfortable must be observed. For successful development, you need to choose a good place and provide the tangerine with lighting, humidity and pick up.
Lighting and air temperature:
- Citrus fruits like bright areas where there is a lot of sunlight scattered light. Twelve hour daylight hours - necessary condition for tangerine.
- At home, choose south-facing windows. bones can also be on the windowsill, and protect already grown sprouts from sunburn- put the flowerpot a little further from the window.
- In winter, keep your distance from radiators. Do not expose tangerine to dry air and battery currents. It is more expedient to choose a place near the wall of the room, not far from the window, but at a sufficient distance from the radiators. Lighting plays an important role in plant growth and should not be ignored.
- The room temperature should not fall below 15 ° in winter and below 18 ° in summer. Satsum, tangerine and noble varieties can withstand temperature extremes up to -7 °.
Citrus is very fond of nutritious soil rich in trace elements. Moreover, one mixture is needed for the seeds, and another when transplanting adult plants.
Main condition - good drainage and the nutritional value of the soil.
For the seeds and their germination, a substrate is prepared from sod land, sand, humus and leafy soil. The ratio is 2: 1: 1: 1. You cannot add peat to the soil, it acidifies the soil. For a tree aged one year or more, a substrate is prepared from turf, humus, sand, clay and leafy earth. The ratio is 3: 1: 1: 1: 1. If there is no clay available, it's okay. It is not an essential part of the substrate. Having properly prepared the soil, you can safely plant seeds or replant an already matured tree.
It is very important to provide the plant with sufficient air humidity. This condition is quite difficult to implement at home, especially if the heating system is equipped with conventional radiators. Experienced growers place containers of water next to the tangerine pots, and in winter they put wet towels on the radiators. A prerequisite is a regular sprinkling procedure - this will maintain high humidity and prevent citrus from drying out. As often as possible, you just need to spray water into the air in the room where the tangerine is located.
Tangerine from the bone: planting rules
Mandarin seeds are the most common plant method. You can always get it from a purchased fruit or purchase it from a garden store. Seedlings are bought less often. The process of growing an exotic fruit from a seed is very interesting. It is always pleasant to know that the resulting fruit was grown from scratch - from the seed.
Planting the bone:
- The existing seed material must first of all be prepared. To do this, the bones are placed in wet gauze for several days. should swell and hatch slightly. So they will rise faster, after 3-4 weeks, and not after the prescribed 5-6. Mandarin takes a long time to grow. Therefore, be patient from the beginning.
- Lay a layer of drainage in a flowerpot or any other container. It can be expanded clay, broken brick or pebbles.
- The pot is then filled with the growing medium (see above).
- Plant the bone shallowly - to a depth of 1-2 cm.
- Cover the container with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse climate.
- The seed dish can be placed on the windowsill.
The air temperature must be at least 15 °. The soil must be periodically moistened, but not flooded. Remove the condensation from the film so that the young sprouts are not struck by the fungus. Initially, the bones soaked in gauze will sprout in 3-4 weeks.
Plant maintenance is simple and requires minimal effort, mainly watering and fertilizing. Mandarin will not be a hassle if all growing conditions were initially followed and provided.
- During the summer, citrus should be watered and sprinkled frequently. Overdrying of an earthen coma should not be allowed.
- Make sure that the soil is evenly moist, but not waterlogged.
- For use only settled, warm water. You cannot take it straight from the tap. All sediments that are invariably present in the water will settle in the soil. This adversely affects plant health and soil nutrition.
- Sprinkling procedures are also carried out with warm, settled water. In the hot season, the plant is sprayed 1-2 times a day so that after that direct sunlight does not fall on the leaves.
- In winter, watering and sprinkling are reduced by 2-3 times.
- Top dressing:
- In the spring, it is necessary to introduce and into the soil. The first feeding is carried out after 5-6 full-fledged leaves have formed on the sprout. Better to give preference to mineral complexes for citrus fruits. Well-rotted humus is introduced from organic matter.
- In the fall, feeding is reduced.
- In winter, it is better to refrain from them.
It is important to apply fertilizer before - May-June and before fruit ripening - September. Always observe the measure and adhere to the golden rule of the gardener: in the spring fertilizers are applied with nitrogen compounds, and closer to autumn with phosphorus-potassium compounds.
Every year, in the spring, the sapling should be transplanted into a larger pot.
After 8 years of life, the mandarin is transplanted once every 2-3 years. Method - transshipment of an earthen coma. The fresh substrate is distributed in a circle, in a free space along the diameter of the pot. Young plants should be moved from one flowerpot to another with extreme care, since root system tangerine is very fragile. Many gardeners make saplings to keep the fruit sweet and tasty. However, if the variety and group are selected correctly, this procedure is not necessary. Basically, it is provided if the seeds were taken from a purchased fruit of an unknown variety and group.
At home, mandarin is more likely to infect a spider mite, scale insect or mealy worm. Pests are removed with a cotton swab, and the plant is treated with either herbal solutions or chemical insecticides. Solutions can be prepared from and soap shavings as well. As for chemicals, Fitoverm or Aktellika will help here. Remember that the use of chemistry is justified in case of severe damage to the plant, which rarely happens at home.
Pests often attack tangerines when it is hot in the room and there is low humidity.
If not, the leaves of the tree become stained and fall off. Therefore, it is very important to water the citrus in a timely manner, but not to swamp the soil. Otherwise, the mandarin no longer has enemies and diseases.
It is easy to grow an indoor tangerine at home, if the rules are followed, the tree has enough light and moisture. For 3-4 years of exotic life, the first tasty fruits will appear - the pride of the plant breeder. Good luck growing your tangerine!
More information can be found in the video: