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KHOKHLOMA - AN OLD RUSSIAN FOLK TRADE

Khokhloma - Old Russian folk craft, born in the 17th century on the left bank of the Volga, in the villages of Khokhloma (hence the name of the painting), Big and Small Bezdeli, Mokushino, Sabbash, Glibino, Khryashchi. Currently, the homeland of Khokhloma is the village of Kovernino in the Nizhny Novgorod region.

Golden Khokhloma!

One of the most famous paintings in Russia. Perhaps not, there is a person who has not held a painted wooden spoon in his hands or has not seen the beautiful and surprisingly rich Khokhloma products. But where did this fabulously beautiful painting come from? What craftsman came up with the idea of putting silver on wood, and then varnishing it, achieving a golden glow? This is the subject of the material collected in this paragraph.
Painting wooden utensils appeared in Russia a long time ago - in the 16th century. They let her out in large quantities, hundreds, thousands of pieces, since the tree quickly wore out, and in everyday life, dishes are necessary. It was sold "at Makarii", in Moscow and in Ustyug the Great.
Art historians attribute the origin of the Khokhloma craft to the second half of the 17th century.
The first mention of this village is found in the documents of the 16th century. Even under Ivan the Terrible, Khokhloma was known as forest area called "Khokhloma Ukhozheya" (Ukhozheya is a place cleared from the forest for arable land).
Since ancient times, wooden dishes have been in great use among the Russian people: ladles and brackets in the shape of a floating bird, round brothers, dinner bowls, spoons different forms and sizes have been found in archaeological excavations dating back to the X-XIII centuries. There are samples that date back several millennia.
In ancient times, in the dense Trans-Volga forests near the trading village of Khokhloma, the first settlers who were hiding from persecution were "flown away", that is, fugitives who took refuge here from persecution for the "old faith", from the tsarist tyranny, landlord oppression. Among them were both artists and masters of handwritten miniatures. It was not easy to feed on peasant labor on the meager land, and fugitive people got used to painting wooden dishes, which were sharpened by local craftsmen here from time immemorial. Previously unknown painting fabulously transformed a modest kitchen utensils... But especially beautiful and unique were the various supplies, bowls and brothers that came out from under the brush of one famous master. It seemed that his painting absorbed the sun's rays - golden, which are at noon, and red - cinnabar at dawn.
It was said among the people that the artist painted his dishes not with a simple one, but with a magic brush woven from the sun's rays. The bright, festive tableware was loved not only by the residents of the area, but its fame spread throughout Russia. Seeing the Khokhloma dishes, the tsar immediately guessed who was painting it, and sent guards to the Trans-Volga forests. The warned painter managed to escape, but he taught the local residents the intricacies of an extraordinary craft and left them paints and a magic brush. This is the old legend about the origin of the bright and original art of Khokhloma painting, which is often called golden, fiery, or fiery. And this is no coincidence; Khokhloma's art could not have been born without fire, without tempering products in a Russian oven.
This legend explains how a close relationship arose between the Trans-Volga and northern Old Believers, which had a great influence on the art of Khokhloma.
The proximity to the big river and the fair created favorable conditions for engaging in various trades and trade. On the banks of the river, fairs were held, to which goods were brought from the north and from the south of Russia. The territory of the region looked like a large workshop. The inhabitants of the Zavolzhsky villages, scattered in the Nizhny Novgorod and Kostroma provinces, were engaged in various trades. Peasants who produced the same things settled nearby in nearby villages, and every week they sold their products to a large trading village. Products were brought here from all over the area. They came from Kostroma and Vetluga, brought a variety of items with paintings and carvings. But chips were in great demand - wooden spoons, cups, bowls. Dyers at such fairs bought wooden blanks and sold their products. Turners and spoonmen exchanged their goods for wood for further work. Finished products merchants bought it, loaded it onto carts in summer and sledges in winter, and carried it to the fair "to Macarius."

Christmas balls with Khokhloma painting.

Khokhloma is an old Russian folk craft that was born in the 17th century in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Khokhloma is a decorative painting of wooden dishes and furniture, made in red, green and black on a gold background.
The painting looks bright, although the background is black. Used colors such as ... red, yellow, orange, a little green and blue, and of course a black background. Gold color is often used. Traditional elements of Khokhloma are red juicy berries of rowan and strawberry, flowers and branches. Birds, fish and animals are common

Khokhloma is located in the Russian visual code somewhere between a bear and a balalaika, Kaliningrad amber and St. Petersburg ballet. This is the most Russian, the most kitschy, the most understandable for strangers that we have spawned and learned to export.

It is very important that the center of Khokhloma production is still in the same place where this craft appeared four centuries ago: in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Kovernino, Zavolzhye, Semyonov - in this triangle, linden blanks began to be covered with tin, then with drying oil, then, after firing, with scarlet and black flowers, berries and herbs.

Now the production of Khokhloma is not a workshop, but a whole factory - ZAO Khokhloma painting. Several workshops, a development center, two museums, a canteen and 1,500 employees, including more than 400 master artists. At the same time, the process is automated to a minimum: in the production of khokhloma there is a very large proportion of manual, individual work of the master, which cannot be replaced with a machine just like that. Therefore, the factory is most of all like a commune of artists who just feel comfortable working together.

How the famous painting is made at the largest Khokhloma factory in Russia - read in our club.

The factory gates are already greeted with gold and Slavic script. In my opinion, a wonderful sign for the factory.

Khokhloma in the region began with spoons and spoons, for example, with the legendary (in the sense, mostly fictional) Spoon Seed, which on the territory of the plant is represented by a delicate peach monument.

Later and more realistic story - the founding of the school artistic processing tree by artist Georgy Matveev. It is from him that the history of the "real" Khokhloma is considered.

The museum has a large exhibition about spoons. Here are the manufacturing steps. The thing on the left is called a thump, hence the expression "bang the thumbs" - that is, mess around, because you don't need to cut the chops of great talent and attention.

The early racist spoons were like this. Compared to traditional Khokhloma paintings, they are like rock paintings compared to painting.

Here modern designs to the Olympics.

Experimental workshop at art production- How is that? Unconventional leaf shapes? Inconsistent amount of rowan berries? Blue and pink Khokhloma?

Lathe and spoon shop. Samples of products that are now being produced at the factory, and documentation on them.

All products from the photo above are made on a lathe.

It looks like my desk during a deadline for a large project, only I have printouts, certificates of completion, invoices, press releases, contracts and layouts around me. A very cool workplace.

Blanks are called linen... Before turning the product out of linen, it must lie down for two years.

Master Plyukhina has a day off today.

Small objects are sanded in this drum.

Inside - such pieces of sandpaper.

Wood dust extractor.

Ooh! Hoods-and-and! Weird spider, huh?

Not everything can be made on a lathe. Above complex forms carvers work in the carved-ladle department of the shop.

Everything was like two hundred, three hundred, four hundred years ago.

Unless the work is being carried out according to the drawing.

The main production is an art workshop. On the diagram of the technological process, you can see how the wooden bowl pretends to be either clay (after priming), then metal (after tinning - tinning). The last step is the application of the mark. It consists of three letters, СХР, ("Semenov, Khokhloma painting"), and testifies to the authenticity of the product. And the tin, coated with linseed oil (linseed oil), acquires a golden color after firing.

Explosion and fire hazardous paint preparation. New paints are given to the masters once a week, you always need to write fresh.

Master at work. On a typical day, all tables are, of course, full.

But today most of the artists have a day off.

As a rule, the masters of painting are women. They say that men simply do not have enough perseverance. I’m probably a man: I would have freaked out in half an hour of this kind of work. Note that the master is working not on traditional black and red, but on green painting.

This painting is called "von Lyudmila Zykina" and was invented in 2000 specially as a gift to the singer.

By traditional technology, the product is first painted and then fired to obtain a gold background. It is this technology that determines the limited choice of colors: only these pigments do not change during heat treatment. At least that was the case in the past.

Now the technology allows painting even after firing. For example, these buckets will be first burned and then painted.

And these beauties are already out of the oven.

It is a pity that you cannot buy just a golden spoon, dish or duck without painting. I think they are also very beautiful.

Products with guided belts

What a workplace!

Many have mirrors on their tables: I think that this is not out of vanity, but so that you do not have to constantly twist the product, checking the ornament on different sides.

It is very convenient to remove excess paint on the lampshade, it seems.

Finished goods.

There are even Khokhloma beads, that's really where the small work!

I began to remember what kind of Khokhloma I have at home. I remembered, of course, the Khokhloma children's table and chair (everyone probably had such), but now they are no longer there. There is still a jewelry box and a couple of Khokhloma spoons. They are still used: there are recipes where it is specially written "stir with a wooden spoon", this is where they are needed. There are also a couple of dishes (the company calls them "panels"), but they are used, and not hung on the wall.

Do you have a Khokhloma at home? Wound or kitsch kitsch? Would you buy it yourself?

Khokhloma painting is performed in black (cinnabar and soot) and red paints on a golden background, or vice versa - there is a golden pattern on a black background.

To enliven the pattern, the use of yellow, brown and green colors is allowed. Interestingly, when painting is performed, not gold powder is applied to the tree, but silver tin, after which the tree is covered with a special compound and processed several times in an oven, thus obtaining a honey-golden color, which gives light wooden products the effect of massiveness.

The traditional elements of the Khokhloma painting are twigs and flowers, strawberries and rowan berries. Animals, birds and fish are not uncommon.

How did the Khokhloma painting appear

The history of the origin of the Khokhloma painting still remains a mystery. There are many theories and versions of the origin of Khokhloma, but most widespread got the following two theories. According to one of them, it is believed that the Old Believers who lived in the forest Trans-Volga region were the first to paint wooden dishes "for gold", and the Khokhloma painting, how the craft originated with them.

In ancient times, in small villages, hidden in the wilderness of forests, there were many people who had flown away - people who fled from persecution for the "old faith." Many of these Old Believers were icon painters or masters of book miniatures, who brought with them handwritten books with vivid pictures, ancient icons, brush calligraphy, exquisite pictorial skills and the richest examples of floral ornamentation.

Local craftsmen, in turn, were unsurpassed in turning skills, passing on from generation to generation the art of volumetric carving and the skills of making dish molds. So, at the beginning of the 18th century, the forest Trans-Volga region turned into a real artistic treasury. The Khokhloma art inherited from the local Zavolzhsk craftsmen the unique forms of turning utensils and the flexible plastic of the carved forms of spoons and ladles, and from the icon painters - the skill of pictorial culture, as well as the secret of creating "golden" dishes without the use of gold.

However, there are other documents that indicate that the imitation of the "gilded" wood, very close in spirit to the Khokhloma art, originated even before the appearance of the Old Believers in the 1640s. Even in those days, artisans living in the large Nizhny Novgorod villages of Murashkino and Lyskovo, as well as in the small village of Semenovskoye (now Semyonov, which is one of the centers of Khokhloma), made wooden utensils - dishes, ladles, brothers, painted with tin powder. It is believed that this method of painting wooden dishes was formed from the local Volga region traditions of tableware and was the progenitor of the Khokhloma painting.

There is also a legendary explanation for the appearance of the Khokhloma painting. There was a wonderful icon painter Andrei Loskut. He fled from the capital, dissatisfied with the church innovations of Patriarch Nikon, and began to paint wooden crafts in the wilderness of the Volga forests, and paint icons according to the old model. Patriarch Nikon found out about this and sent soldiers for the rebellious icon painter. Andrey refused to obey, burned himself in the hut, and before his death bequeathed to people to keep his skill. Sparks went out, scattered Andrew. Since then, they have been burning with a scarlet flame, sparkling with gold nuggets bright colors khokhloma.

Technique for performing Khokhloma painting

Where does Khokhloma begin? With whipping baklush, but not in the sense of doing nothing, but in the sense of harvesting blocks from wood, because in ancient times, baklush was called a stump of wood, which was most often made of linden, birch or aspen. After the piece of wood is ready, the master removes the excess wood from it (before this was done by hand, now they use lathe) and gives the product the desired shape. Thus, an unpainted base or "linen" is obtained - cups, spoons, ladles, suppliers, etc.

Then the products are dried and primed with refined liquid clay, which the craftsmen call vapa. After priming, the products dry for 8 hours and then must be covered with several layers of linseed oil (drying oil). To do this, a special tampon made of calf or sheep skin turned inside out is dipped into a bowl of drying oil, and then quickly rubbed into the surface of the product so that linseed oil distributed evenly. In the entire production process, this procedure is the most responsible, it is on it that the quality of future wooden dishes and the strength of the Khokhloma painting depend. During the day, the wooden product is covered with linseed oil up to 3-4 times. The last layer is dried to the so-called "little tack": it means that you need to catch the moment when the drying oil still slightly sticks to your fingers, but no longer stains them.

At the next stage, tinning is performed - aluminum powder is rubbed into the surface of the product. This procedure is also performed manually with a leather swab. After tinning wooden crafts acquire an amazing white-mirror shine and are completely ready for painting. Khokhloma painting uses oil paints and thin brushes made from squirrel tails. Painted products are coated with a special varnish 4-5 times, and between each coating the previous layer is dried. Then they are placed in an oven for 3-4 hours and quenched at a temperature of + 160 ° C until an oil-varnish film is formed. golden color.

Khokhloma ornaments

In Khokhloma, horse painting and "under the background" are distinguished. Horse painting is characterized by black and red colors on a golden background. In painting "under the background", as a rule, golden patterns prevail on a colored background. The main difference between these two types of painting is the technique of their application. When painting on horseback, the drawing is applied directly to the metallized surface, while in painting "under the background" the background is applied, and the drawing remains unpainted, while such a drawing can be supplemented with a so-called postscript - a small pattern over the background.

It should be noted that the painting "under the background" is more complex, such a painting in the old days was used to decorate exclusive gift items, for example, caskets for noblewomen, and expensive furniture.

Of the Khokhloma patterns and ornaments, the following types can be distinguished.

Grass - looks like a pattern of small and large blades of grass or twigs.

Gingerbread - most often found inside bowls or dishes, and is a geometric figure in the form of a rhombus or square, decorated with berries, flowers, grass.

Kudrina is a pattern of flowers and leaves that look like golden curls on a black or red background.

Leaf - images of oval berries and leaves, usually located around the stem.

The types of ornaments listed above are complex, but in some cases the craftsmen use simplified ornaments. One of such ornaments is a speck, applied with a stamp, which is made of specially rolled pieces of fabric or plates of a raincoat mushroom. All Khokhloma products are painted by hand, while painting is not repeated anywhere.

Khokhloma interior

For some reason in recent times very often, when talking about interiors in folk (ethnic) styles, people begin to imagine some unimaginable exotic things: masks of African aborigines, overseas mats under their feet, colorful Japanese screens and even bonsai growing in a bowl. Of course, all this is good, and the cultural traditions of other peoples can be no less attractive than the Russians. But at times it becomes a shame that, unfortunately, we very rarely remember about the interior design made in the original Russian style, which, admittedly, is no less, and sometimes even more original and ethnic than foreign trends in interior fashion.

Designers say that decorating an interior in the Russian style is not an easy task, where sometimes it is so difficult to avoid extremes and "not go too far." After all, through carelessness, you can easily turn your home into a local history museum or a souvenir shop. The main thing here is to choose the key to your interior, and then Russian motives will sparkle in it with bright colors.

As for the Khokhloma painting, it can be safely called a safe bet to create a colorful and colorful interior design. However, it should be noted here that Khokhloma in the interior is quite demanding on the environment, it does not always, not everywhere, and does not fit everything. Of course, there are also such lovers of the Russian folk style who order completely "Khokhloma" rooms for themselves, however, we repeat, this must be done with caution.

In some rooms, Khokhloma painting will be appropriate in any form and practically without restrictions, for example, a children's room and a kitchen. Here, in the Khokhloma style, you can decorate not only a table and chairs, but also washing machine, and a refrigerator and even a computer, which happens quite often today. It is clear that for drawing such patterns on household appliances it is not possible to use the "natural" method of making Khokhloma painting, so here you can use more modern methods, for example, airbrushing.

Chests, cupboards and wardrobes decorated with Khokhloma painting will always be in place in the Russian interior. Cups, dishes and swan ladles will look delightful on the shelves. It is also remarkable that dishes decorated with Khokhloma painting can be not only an element of decor, but also fulfill their intended purpose. Children's room, notes Repair positive, is the best place for traditional Khokhloma nesting dolls. And Khokhloma wall panel will decorate any dining room or living room, invigorating the entire interior, regardless of the style in which it is made.

Khokhloma - an old Russian folk craft; bright, colorful painting on wood with the obligatory presence of a golden color. Not by chance the symbol of Khokhloma is the fiery Firebird, fairy bird with plumage, shining gold. Another name for the painting is “golden khokhloma”.

Khokhloma Firebird.

History

Russia is famous for folk crafts, and Khokhloma - most famous species Russian folk painting.

The history of the craft begins in the 17th century, and its homeland is the left bank of the Volga, Nizhny Novgorod villages and villages. The emergence of fishing on the Nizhny Novgorod land is associated with the appearance in these parts of the followers of the "old faith", hiding from persecution in the forests of the Volga region.

Among the Old Believers there were many icon painters who knew the secret of making "golden" icons without using gold. Wooden icons were first covered with silver powder, then boiled linseed oil - drying oil - was applied to them and sent to the oven. After being processed in the oven, the icon acquired a delightful golden color.

The mass production of wooden tableware, painted using the icon painting technique, began with the appearance of a material that was cheaper than silver - tin, and then aluminum powder. Nizhny Novgorod peasants, who have long mastered the art of volumetric woodcarving, mastered the "gold" painting and turned the dishes they produce into bright and elegant works of decorative and applied art.

Patterns decorated all types of Russian wooden utensils: spoons, ladles, bros, trays, plates, bowls, bowls, toes.

Spoons, bowls and everything in the world.

The Nizhny Novgorod lands are not very fertile, therefore, folk crafts have become a new source of income for the majority of peasants in the villages of the Trans-Volga region. Produced by them the dishes were brought to the large trading village of Khokhloma for further sale. The name of the trade originated from the name of the village. From Khokhloma, elegant dishes were sent along the Volga to other cities and countries.

So, the distribution of products with Khokhloma painting was facilitated by several reasons:

abundance of forest;
the proximity of the Volga - the main trade artery;
the spread of the art of gold painting on wooden products in the Trans-Volga region;
local traditions of the art of volumetric woodcarving.

Already in the 19th century, the glory of the Nizhny Novgorod masters of Khokhloma crossed the borders of Russia, and thanks to the World Exhibition in Paris in 1889, they learned about the golden Khokhloma not only in Europe, but also in Asia and America.

Painting technique

Wooden utensils must not be used unpainted: hot food cracks the wood and the utensils become unusable. Khokhloma painting - the most festive and elegant example of coloring wood products.

Khokhloma tableware production stages:

making utensils of the desired shape;
drying;
white clay primer;
applying drying oil to the surface;
aluminum powder grout;
painting;
applying a special varnish several times;
hardening in an oven until golden brown.

When painting use oil paints: ocher, cinnabar, soot, carmine, red lead. The main background colors are red and black; additional colors: light green, brown, yellow.

The master applies painting to a huge spoon.

Khokhloma products decorate floral ornament, consisting of:

ripe berries: raspberries, mountain ash, currants, strawberries, gooseberries;
stems;
flowers;
leaves.

Floral ornament.

The main types of ornament:

"Grass" - a pattern of blades of grass, which curly, gather to one spine;
"Leaf, under the berry" - a fancy interweaving of leaves, berries, flowers and stems;
"Kudrina" - a painting in which curly golden curls of leaves, flowers, berries are repeated on a red or black background;

Sometimes images of animals and birds are woven into the drawing.

Khokhloma painting centers- the city of Semyonov and the village of Semino, Nizhny Novgorod region. Their enterprises produce both dishes and household items: boxes, tables, cupboards, stools, vases.

At the Nizhny Novgorod fair.

Products with Khokhloma painting are a wonderful gift, bright and festive. Therefore, it is important to be able to distinguish a real Khokhloma from a fake one. An authentic product is warm to the touch and has an even, smooth surface.

One of the oldest crafts of arts and crafts in Russia is the Khokhloma painting. For more than three hundred years, craftsmen have been making incredibly beautiful dishes, which can already be called the hallmark of the Russian people. The process of creating a masterpiece is quite complicated, it includes both the creation of blanks and their processing, as well as further painting. But everyone can master this skill, it is enough just to learn about characteristic features creative process.

Khokhloma painting is one of the oldest crafts of arts and crafts in Russia.

It is customary to apply complex ornaments to products using a stencil, but in order to learn this type of painting, you need to master the basics. The simplest patterns are applied with a brush.

It is better for beginners to master the following ones first:

blade of grass. The pattern is a line curved to the side. The brush is pressed in the center, and pressure is minimized from the edges. There is a smooth but strong thickening;
curl. The element is more complex. The brush is drawn with the same degree of pressure, while the line should be twisted like a snail;
droplet. Ideal for push training. In this case, the brush must be placed with the base of the villi and rotated 180 degrees, slowly removing it from the surface and stretching it forward;
bush. The droplets are drawn in the form of a fan, and a small dot is placed at their base;
leaf. Drawing this pattern is pretty straightforward. You just need to bring out the blades of grass in a mirror image, bending them outward, and fill the void inside with paint of the same color.

Gallery: Khokhloma painting (25 photos)

Master class on Khokhloma painting (video)

Khokhloma elements for preschoolers: step-by-step templates

Even Small child can create a Khokhloma pattern with his own hands, having mastered basic skills... To create a pattern, it is enough to make a stamp from a tube and paper, into which the paint will be dipped. Smaller elements are already painted with a brush.

Even a small child can create a Khokhloma pattern with his own hands, having mastered basic skills

Drawing with children:

lingonberry. With the help of a stamp, red circles are drawn, which do not need to be supplemented with other elements;
currant. Berry circles are gathered near a blade of grass, on which it is necessary to place ash dots with a brush;
Rowan. The berries are drawn with a stamp, and rather narrow and elongated droplets are added with a brush, as well as leaves at the base of the resulting bunch. Additionally, you need to make splashes of gold;
raspberries. With a stamp, six circles are drawn, without observing a certain distance, but slightly overlapping one on one. Glare is added using the blade technique. Additionally, points are set with a brush;
sepal. Blades of grass are gathered together, a twig and leaves are drawn.

We decorate the kitchen board: painting under Khokhloma on wood

Khokhloma painting is more often used when drawing a picture on wood... Craftsmen often resort to decorating with classic patterns. kitchen boards... Such a product can be presented as a souvenir to guests, or you can decorate your own kitchen.

What you need:

cutting board;
glue;
gouache;
egg white;
paper;
pencil;
paint brushes;
paint brush.

Khokhloma painting is more often used when drawing a picture on wood

Progress:

Smear the board with egg white and leave to dry.
Take paper and draw a sketch on it with a pencil.
Now apply gold paint to the board and let it dry.
Transfer the drawing to the board.
Floral ornaments and berries to color in red.
Draw the stalks and veins in thin stripes.
Draw a thin brush around all the contours.
Color the board so that the drawing is on a black background.
After the paint has dried, continue painting.
Add green herb.

After the board has completely dried, apply varnish on its entire surface.

Khokhloma painting on a plate: a step-by-step description

Decorating a plate with an ornament is not at all difficult. The drawn elements look colorful and solemn. Even a schoolboy can cope with this task.

What you need:

acrylic paints;
pencil;
brushes;
palette;
disposable plate;
jar;
ornament.

Decorating a plate with ornament is not at all difficult.

Progress:

Choose a pattern to be applied to the plate. It can be a rooster, a bird, or simple berries.
Transfer the ornament to the plate.
Make Bon red.
Carefully color in all the other elements.
Be sure to make the bezel black as per inside plates and around the edge.
Add droplets along the rim.
Leave the plate to dry completely in a suitable place.
Apply varnish and let the product dry.

Khokhloma box: master class

The very name of this product indicates its nobility and grace. The box turns out to be fabulous, traditionally colorful, but very unusual.

What you need:

paints;
background paint (bronze or copper);
masking tape;
squirrel brushes;
varnish brush;
pencil;
tracing paper;
sandpaper;
box made of wood.

The box turns out to be fabulous, traditionally colorful, but very unusual

Progress:

Plaster all irregularities on the box. Only after the surface is smooth can you start working.
Cover the surface of the product with background paint and wait until it dries.
Draw a drawing on paper, which will later be applied to the box.
After the box is dry, transfer the prepared sketch to it with a pencil. To do this, attach the paper to the box itself with tape.
Trace the outline of the drawing with black paint using the thinnest brush.
Paint over the larger elements with black.
Wait for the black paint to dry.
After that, paint over all the other elements and let the paint dry some more.
Additionally, decorate the product with antennae, droplets.

Apply varnish (at least two layers) to the box and let it dry.

The most popular Khokhloma painting ornaments

Before embarking on such an original dyeing of a jug or plate, you need to find out which of the ornaments are most often used in the creative process.

In most cases, masters resort to applying the following ones:

herbal pattern. The grass in this case only vaguely resembles sedge growing in the meadow. It is applied to products only in black or red, but nevertheless this pattern is perceived as herbal;
saffron milk cap. This is a pattern of individual blades of grass. It is used in the process of framing various kitchen utensils;
Kudrin. The ornament is characterized by all kinds of curls, rings, unobtrusively enveloping berries and flowers. Suitable for painting rounded objects, as well as flat ones, such as chairs and tables;
Gingerbread. it geometric figure, which fits into a rhombus or a square. In the center of the ornament, suns with swirling rays are drawn.

Khokhloma: painting lessons (video)

Painting on wood is a real art, which anyone can master if they wish. Naturally, with the appearance modern materials, the need for hardening such products is no longer necessary. In addition, all blanks can be purchased from specialized stores. At the same time, the creative process becomes as simple as possible, but no less exciting.