Yucca: home care. Indoor yucca: rules for care and reproduction, possible problems when growing

Yucca flower (Yucca) is often found in modern offices and apartments. He has endurance and is not whimsical to growing conditions. You can find comprehensive information about growing yucca and caring for a plant at home and in the garden in the proposed material. Species Represented home flower yuccas that will green the apartment and at the same time will feel great as a container crop in the garden in the summer. It is worth making sure that the growing conditions for yucca meet the botanical requirements of this crop. If you follow this rule, then growing yucca at home will become a simple and exciting process. When propagating this culture, there may be slight difficulties when trying to breed seed way. Cuttings take root perfectly in sand and special soil. How to prune a plant and prepare cuttings for planting is described further on the page.

What does yucca look like and how does it bloom: photo and description of the plant

Family: Agave.

Homeland - North and Central America, India. A houseplant yucca with its appearance strongly resembles a miniature palm tree. Description of the yucca plant: a tree-like plant with a thickened trunk. The leaves are hard, xiphoid, gray, green or variegated, similar to cordilina or dracaena leaves, up to 50-100 cm long, collected in a bundle on the branches of the trunk or at the top. There are also stemless species. The crown consists of several or one rosette of leaves. If you do not know what a yucca looks like, pay attention to the photo below:

Depending on the species, the height of the plant is up to 1 m. natural conditions habitat reaches a height of up to 1.8 m. The flowers are predominantly white, bell-shaped, up to 8 cm long, collected in an inflorescence panicle. In nature, there are other color options for this representative of the flora - creamy greenish or yellowish tones. The plant is characterized by numerous flowers, one yucca can have about 300 flowers. In room conditions, Yucca blooms extremely rarely. Pay attention to how yucca blooms in these photos:

Fetus- dry box or juicy fruit besides, in some varieties it is even edible. It is unpretentious in culture, it reproduces easily. The plant blooms in summer.

Types and varieties of room yucca: photos, names and descriptions of house plants

About 40 species of this attractive evergreen plant of the Agave family are known. The most famous and popular in culture are the following varieties of this plant:

Aloe leaf yucca ‘Marginata’ (Y. aloifolia ‘Marginata’)- unbranched trunk, leaves with teeth along the edge.

This species is native to the arid regions of North and Central America, Jamaica, and Bermuda. Marginata grows quite slowly, over time it takes the form of a spherical compact bush. Its height does not exceed 8 m. With the advent of summer, the plant has an inflorescence up to 45 cm long, on which there are many bell-shaped flowers. In length, they reach up to 3 cm, the color is creamy white with a light purple tint. Pay attention to this variety of yucca, in the photo below.:

Yucca Whippla (Yuccawhipplei). This variety grows in the Northwestern regions of Mexico, Arizona, California.

Belongs to the number of slowly growing, compact representatives of this genus of plants. It is characterized by a shortened stem, hard fibrous leaves, collected in rosettes over 1 m in diameter. The color of the leaves is grayish-green, they reach a length of up to 90 cm, they are distinguished by jagged edges with a prickly spike at the end. AT summer period a peduncle grows up to 2 m long, on which there are many bell-shaped flowers up to 3.5 cm long. Yuccawhipplei flowers have a delicate pleasant aroma, have a creamy white color with a light purple tint. The variety blooms only once, after which it completely dies. At the same time, many new shoots form at the base of the plant.

Yucca shortleaf (Y.brevifolia). A well-known variety under other names is Yucca tree (Yuccaarborescens) and Giant Yucca.

It has the appearance of a large tree, the height of which reaches 4-9 m. The trunk is repeatedly branching, up to 50 cm in diameter. The leaves are densely located on the trunk, hard and short - 15-30 cm in length and up to 1.5 cm in width in the middle , brownish at the edges and pale green at the base. The peduncle of this variety is short, the color of the flowers is pale yellow.

Yucca beak (Yuccarostrata). This representative of the plants of the Agave family has the appearance of a tree that reaches a height of up to 3 m.

The trunk of an exotic tree is thick with a branched crown. It has many leathery thin and elongated leaves. They are quite narrow - at the widest point, the width of the leaves is no more than 1 cm. An inflorescence-panicle with white flowers is located on a long peduncle.

Yucca radiata (Yuccaradiosa). A tree that in natural habitat reaches a height of up to 5-7 m.

It is characterized by the presence of numerous leaves densely arranged on the trunk. The length of the leaves reaches 45-60 cm, while the width is very narrow - up to 1 cm. The leaves taper towards the base, have a sharp top, the edges are white, dense, narrow, covered with many thin "threads". The peduncle reaches a height of up to 2 m, on top of which there is a branched inflorescence with numerous flowers.

Yucca filamentous (Y. filamentosa). The homeland of this variety is the eastern part North America.

This almost stemless plant grows in width thanks to root offspring. The root system is well developed, it penetrates deep into the soil. Yucca radiant (Yuccaradiosa) is one of the most frost-resistant varieties, can withstand temperatures down to -20 degrees. The leaves are bluish-green in color, grow up to 70 cm long, up to 4 cm wide, have a pointed top with slightly lowered edges, on which numerous twisted white threads are located. Peduncle at Yuccaradiosa up to 2 m in height. The plant blooms with drooping yellowish-white flowers up to 8 cm in length. The fruit has the form of a rounded box up to 5 cm in diameter.

Yucca ivory (Yuccaelephantipes)- the base of the trunk is tuberous-thickened.

This variety is native to Central America. The name of the species comes from two roots "elephas" - elephant and "pes" - foot. This name was given to the plant for a reason, the fact is that in old age the trunk really becomes like a huge elephant's leg. The species grows and develops slowly, usually turns into a large lush bush or tree up to 8-10 m in height. The stem is tree-like, multibranched, rosettes with hard and fibrous leaves of light green color 50-100 cm long are formed at its top. Yuccaelephantipes blooms in summer, during this period a meter-long peduncle is formed on the plant, on which there are many hemispherical flowers up to 5 cm long. You can get acquainted with this type of yucca plant in this photo:

Yucca gray (Yuccaglauca). This variety of yucca grows in the western regions of America.

Represents evergreen with a strongly shortened stem, Yuccaglauca reaches a height of up to 2 m. The leaves of the variety are leathery, fibrous, collected in dense rosettes about 90 cm wide. The leaves are bluish-green in color, their length is approximately 60 cm, white or gray at the edges with peeling fibers . With the advent of summer, the plant forms a paniculate inflorescence up to 1 m in length, on which there are many small creamy-white flowers with a brownish or greenish light tint.

This photo shows all types of yucca and their names:

In culture, the most common variety is considered Variegata, characterized by leaves with a yellowish border.

To the number indoor views yucca belongs Yuccaelephantipes (elephant). She is often planted by housewives in the same container with houseplants that are resistant to dry soil.

When compiling floristic compositions, homemade yucca species will look great against the background of the Dollar Tree or Money Tree.

Yucca palm care when grown at home

You need a bright, sunny room. The choice of a pot for growing and caring for yucca palm at home must be taken seriously, growth, development and appearance flower. Experienced flower growers it is recommended to put the pot with the plant in a sunny, well-lit place during the whole daylight hours. The most optimal place for growing yucca in the house are window sills or special floor stands on the east or west side of the house.

If it is not possible to place the yucca in the east or west of the room, you can put it in the southern part of the room, but then in the summer the windows must be shaded to protect the flower from direct sunlight. Only diffused sunlight should fall on the plant, otherwise sunburn is formed.

In summer, it is desirable to take out to the garden, balcony or terrace. AT winter time Yucca may lack natural light. To make up for the lack of light, fluorescent lamps should be placed next to the plants at a distance of about 50-60 cm.

In winter, you can keep in cool rooms, the optimum air temperature in autumn is winter period- 10-14 °С. Sometimes with the onset of the heating season, problems may arise with the plant. Often, flower growers notice that the leaves of the yucca are stretched, become very thinner, and the turgor weakens. To avoid such problems, if possible, use the air conditioner to lower the room temperature or open the windows. It is desirable that the temperature regime does not exceed 18-22 ° C, only in this way the plant will develop well and have a healthy appearance.

For good growing conditions for yucca, high humidity is not required, the best option is moderate humidity - 40-50%. If the air humidity is lower, the plant will feel comfortable even in such growing conditions, but it is necessary to regularly spray the leaves with boiled and well-settled water.

How to care for indoor yucca: how to water and feed the plant

When caring for room yucca at home, it is important for the plant to provide. This indoor flower should be watered abundantly in summer, but after upper layer soil - 4-5 cm, completely dry. It is important to prevent stagnation of water at the level of an earthy coma; all excess liquid should be poured out of the pan every time after watering.

How to water yucca at home in the summer? In the summer, yucca can be periodically watered from the shower, but it is important during this procedure to prevent water from entering the substrate. To do this, you can wrap the pot with polyethylene.

When growing yucca at home during the autumn-winter period, the frequency of watering should be reduced to once every 10-14 days. The plant tolerates drought much better, but overflow can cause rotting of the root system. Too high soil moisture also often causes the development of many diseases and damage to the plant by pests.

Among the recommendations on how to care for yucca at home, experts in the field of floriculture special role in good development and growth of this species, they are given top dressing. You can feed the flower with universal mineral fertilizers, which are sold in flower shops, or you can cook them yourself. As a fertilizer for garden yucca, you can use a mixture of horse or cow manure along with leaf humus.

In the spring-summer period, it is necessary to feed the plants once every few weeks. Feeding is not recommended in winter and autumn.

How to transplant yucca at home

At the bottom of each pot, a drainage layer should be placed, which consists of gravel or crushed stone. For planting young plants prepare the soil from the following mixture:

• sod land;
• leaf land;
• coarse sand;

All these components are taken in a ratio of 2: 2: 2. Prepared containers are filled with this soil mixture. Immediately after planting, young yuccas are well watered so that they take root faster.

How to care for yucca in the garden: planting and care in the open field

Care for a yucca flower in the open field should begin with choosing a place to plant the plant. An excellent choice would be a sunny dry place, you should not plant this garden flower in areas where moisture builds up.

It is important to pay attention so that nearby shrubs and trees do not shade the yucca, because with a lack of sunlight, it stretches, its leaves turn pale and thin. Novice flower growers often do not know how to properly transplant a yucca so that it takes root well. When planting several plants in one area, the distance between them along the top of the soil should be 50 × 50 cm. When transplanting adult plants, the distance between them should be at least 70-100 cm from all sides. You should not plant and care for yucca in the open field during a period when there is a possibility of morning frosts, otherwise they will die. You can transplant them only in the warm season.

Garden yucca care in winter

For many flower growers, especially beginners, the issue of caring for garden yucca in winter is relevant. With the advent of cold weather, garden plants should be sheltered from frost. You can do this in the following ways:

1. At the end of autumn, with the arrival of the first frosts, the garden bush is covered with a wooden box. From above it is covered with insulating materials, for example, old roofing felt or non-woven fabric. A layer of soil is poured over these materials.
2. The lower leaves of the plant are bent to the ground, and the upper ones are collected in a bundle and tightly tied together. In this state, an adult specimen is covered with fallen leaves, and boards are carefully laid on top, which are covered with plastic wrap.

How to trim a yucca at home (with video)

With the help of a procedure such as pruning, you can significantly improve the appearance of the plant. If you still do not know how to trim a yucca at home, it will be useful for you to familiarize yourself with the features of pruning.

It is advisable to prune plants with a height of 60-70 cm and a diameter of about 6 cm. Pruning should be carried out in early spring - in March-April. A few weeks before such care, the yucca must be watered abundantly.

For trimming, you can use only sterile tools, suitable sharp knife treated on all sides with alcohol. When the tools are ready, start trimming, adhering to this scheme:

1. Choose a cut point, stepping back 7-8 cm from the bottom of the leaves.
2. Grab them with your hand, and in one sharp movement make an even cut.
3. Carefully treat the cut site with powdered activated carbon.

A few weeks after such a procedure, new buds form in the upper part of the cut plant - usually from 2 to 5. With a trunk thickness of less than 5 cm in diameter, it is recommended to leave only two buds, and cut off the rest. If the thickness of the trunk is about 6-8 cm, you can leave 4 buds, and cut off the fifth, new tops with leaves will soon grow from them.

You can find the rules and methods for trimming a yucca in the video below:

How to propagate yucca at home with cuttings and stem segments

There are several ways to propagate yucca at home. This type of ornamental plant reproduces by cuttings and offspring, formed at the base of the trunk or at its top.

cuttings

Having an indoor yucca flower in your home, during home care, many flower growers propagate it by cuttings. This method of reproduction is usually carried out during the trimming period of the plant in order to increase its aesthetic properties.

Having chosen this method of reproduction, cut off the top with a sharp knife, and sprinkle the cut with crushed activated charcoal. Such actions, in addition to allowing you to increase the number of yuccas in the garden or in the house, contribute to the formation of more lush bushes.

A few hours after the treatment of the cutting with activated carbon, it can be planted in clean and well-moistened sand. After 2-3 weeks, the cuttings will have roots, after which it can be transplanted into the prepared substrate.

Reproduction by segments of the trunk

In the summer, several pieces of 20-30 cm in size must be cut or sawed off on the side of the trunk. Cut points on the mother plant and cuts should be treated with ash or activated carbon.

Small containers are filled with a mixture of peat and river sand, it is moistened and segments are planted, deepening the cut into the soil. The top of the container is covered with plastic wrap or glass, creating a greenhouse effect. The air temperature inside the container should not fall below 20-25 °C. In order for the segments to take root faster, the soil must be ventilated daily by lifting the film or glass. The substrate must be watered regularly, and after a month, roots will appear on the segments. After the formation of the root system, they can be planted in a permanent place.

How yucca palm reproduces at home with seeds

How does yucca propagate at home with seeds? Yucca seeds are sown in a soil mixture prepared from leafy soil, soddy soil and sand, taken in equal parts. From above, the seed container is covered with glass, which is lifted daily for a while to ventilate the substrate.

After about a month, with such care, the first shoots will appear. After the appearance of sprouts from under the ground, the glass is removed, and a month later the plants dive into pots with the prepared soil mixture.

Yucca pests and methods of dealing with them

Yucca is an evergreen plant that is often confused with a palm tree. To grow yucca at home, you do not need special knowledge or special requirements. mature plant always causes delight and admiration of the guests at home.

• In these regions, it does not require shelter for the winter, but with shelter it can tolerate climate conditions and middle lane Russia.
• Yucca filamentata is a shrub, the leaves have characteristic white or yellow stripes.
• flowers publish pleasant aroma, the peduncle is very large, rises a meter from the rosette of leaves.
• This species can be grown at home.

Also, in the presence of warm conditions, you can grow glorious and gray yucca:

• They are similar in appearance, have creamy white flowers and similar care and growing requirements.

Two types of yucca are grown indoors: elephant and aloe:

• The elephant yucca is called the false palm. It is a low shrub, the leaves are long, the edge is sharp. The name comes from the trunk, which, as it matures, becomes strong and thick, like an elephant's leg. The plant came to us from arid regions where there are few pests, so growing it yourself does not cause problems.
• Aloe leaf yucca is also grown at home, its leaves are leathery, hard. It is more difficult to care for her; as she grows older, this yucca grows into a spherical bush. The trunk is identical to the previous species, however, the aloelous representative is slightly lower.

Indoor yucca has one of several rosettes of leaves. The length of each is from 30 to 80 cm, the width within 6 cm usually grows no more than 2 meters. The upper part of the plant develops too quickly, so the root system does not always have time to provide the plant with moisture and nutrients in full.

houseplant yucca loves Fresh air, so in the summer it can be taken out to the balcony or to the street, but not in the open sun.

The cost of a plant ranges from $10 to $400. per copy, the plant is very valuable, so you can safely give it to dear people.

Indoor yucca is an unpretentious plant; plant care will not take much time. The plant is evergreen, although it has external resemblances to palm trees, dracaena and cordinils, they are still completely different plants.

Since we are most often talking about elephant yucca or aloe, it came to us from arid regions, where there is a small amount of precipitation, but a large amount of sunlight. Therefore, yucca will develop under similar conditions at home, that is, with weak watering and hot air.

Yucca will respond well if it is placed near the southern windows, but if direct sunlight falls on it, then it is better to move the pot away from this place.

If there is not enough light, then the leaves of the "palm tree" will begin to stretch towards the sun and gradually become exhausted.

Watering the plant:

• The main condition for the successful growth of yucca is proper watering.
• It is important that the soil has time to dry out and does not remain wet, you can not fill the soil.
• If the tree is left without watering for a long time, it will be able to tolerate it normally, but if the plant is poured, then this is fraught with problems.
• There is no single system for watering yucca. Much depends on the time of year, the microclimate of the region, the current weather, the humidity of the surrounding air, and the size of the plant and pot.
• In summer, yucca requires abundant watering, each subsequent watering is carried out when the top layer of the earth dries out by 7 cm. If the room temperature is kept at 17 to 20 degrees, then one watering per week is enough. 1 liter of water is enough for a 5 liter pot.
• In spring, autumn and winter, the amount and volume of watering is reduced. Otherwise, you can get rotting of the root system. You can understand this by brown spots on the leaves and their folding.
• A large plant with a large number of leaves quickly evaporates moisture, this must also be taken into account when watering. It is not necessary to spray the plant, even if the air is very dry. It is strictly forbidden to spray the leaves if they are exposed to open sunlight, otherwise you can get burned.
• If in summer the plant does not need additional moisture, then in winter it is better to spray them periodically, especially if the room temperature is high.

Yucca responds well to fertilizers, top dressing is applied two to three times a month during the period of active growth. Yucca is not fertilized until it has had time to adapt to new conditions or after transplantation, as well as during illness.

Plant yucca in light soil with good drainage.

To prepare the mixture yourself, you will need hardwood, soddy land, peat, sand and humus, all in equal proportions. The main conditions for the active growth of yucca are proper watering and plenty of sunlight.

If the plant has grown too tall, then the upper part can be safely cut off and divided into cuttings. On the part that remains, new leaves will soon appear from the lateral buds.

Reproduction is carried out by three methods:

1. cuttings.
2. Part of the trunk.
3. Seeds.

Flower cutting:

• The length of each cutting for further reproduction should be at least 20 cm.
• In order for the cut on the plant to quickly drag on, it is smeared with garden pitch or sprinkled with activated charcoal.
• Rooting of the cuttings can be expected no earlier than in 1.5 months. For the process to take place successfully, it is necessary to maintain an air temperature of 20 degrees and humidity within 80%.
• Before putting the cutting in the ground, its cut is dried, for this it is enough to wait 20 minutes.
• At this time, a greenhouse is being prepared and a mixture of sand and soddy land is made. The stalk can also be dipped into a glass of boiled water. An activated charcoal tablet is placed in the water, which will kill harmful microorganisms.
• To prepare the soil, it is pre-sprayed to create the necessary moisture for the cutting.
• As soon as the first roots appear,. If you delay, the cuttings may rot.

Yucca can also be propagated by part of the trunk, if it has dormant buds.

Part of the trunk is cut off and placed horizontally in the substrate. Wet sand is used as the soil. The trunk is pressed tightly to the ground and covered with glass or film.

Sleeping buds will soon wake up, new shoots will be formed from them. After that, the trunk can be taken out of the sand and cut into the number of shoots. Sections are treated with activated charcoal and dried for 20 minutes. Now each shoot is placed in separate pots.

Rarely gardeners use seed propagation of plants, especially when it comes to house plants.

Yucca gives good seed germination, so if you have seeds, you can take a chance. To begin with, a greenhouse is made, the container is filled with turfy soil mixed with sand. and covered with foil or glass. Every day you need to remove the film for ventilation. From time to time, the earth is sprayed to maintain moisture. The first shoots will appear in a month.

What does it have to do with:

• If the tips of the yucca leaves turn brown and otherwise the plant behaves as before, then most likely the plant is not getting enough moisture (either through watering or through the air). The problem is solved simply: you need to increase the amount or volume of watering or increase the humidity of the air, start spraying.
• If brown spots appear on the leaves, which are dry and brittle to the touch, then we are talking about a low frequency of watering. This means that the plant needs to be watered more often so that the earth ball is constantly moist. But do not forget that the top layer of earth 5-7 cm should have time to dry out.
• If the spots on the leaves are the opposite light color then this is due to the large amount of sunlight. In this case, you need to move the plant to partial shade or make a barrier from the sun.
• If the leaves are not as elastic as before, and the ends have begun to wrap, then this may be due to the low air temperature in the room. You need to find a warmer place in the room: change the side to the south, move the pot closer to the battery and further from the cold glasses.
• If only the lower leaves are affected, and the upper ones continue to develop normally, then you should not worry at all. Such a process constantly accompanies yucca.

The shape of the tree is just formed due to the fall of the lower leaves.

Yucca also has pests, this can be determined by the following signs: the leaves have acquired gray shade, the appearance of specks on the leaves, which eventually unite, a web appeared under the leaves, the leaves became weak, thin, turned pale.

The most common pests of indoor yucca:

• Gray rot.
• Spider mite.
• Mealybug.

Yucca is an expensive self-sufficient plant, it can be used to decorate a room or hall alone, without being supplemented by other plants.

More information can be found in the video.

Houseplant Yucca looks very similar to a palm tree, although in reality it is not. This plant belongs to the Agave family, which belongs to the tree-like plants. Very similar to cordilina or dracaena, clear differences can only be seen when comparing several plants closely.

Yucca - a houseplant that resembles a palm tree

Description of the species

Yucca is ideal as a houseplant. This is one of the most unpretentious plants that require minimal attention and simple care.

The plant looks beautiful and interesting in any interior and adds exotic notes to it. The homeland of the so-called palm is Central and South America.

This plant is divided into the following types:

• treelike;
• stemless.

The plant practically does not bloom in captivity. But if you create conditions as close as possible to those where Yucca was born, you can see how it blooms. And it blooms amazingly beautiful - it throws out powerful vertical peduncles strewn with a mass of buds. The flowers resemble white, yellowish or pinkish bells.

Varieties of Yucca

This plant, which is sometimes called a false palm, can be divided into 4 main types that are most popular: filamentous, aloe-leaved, gray and elephant. Each species has its own characteristics.

1. Aloe leaf yucca is ideal for growing at home. The sword-shaped leaves grow at the top of the flower, the rest of the leaves are belt-shaped or lanceolate. The leaves themselves are arranged in a spiral on the trunk. The length of the leaves is about 60 cm, the color of the plant is green with an olive tint. Can reach 1.5 m in height.
2. The main difference that filamentous Yucca has is large leaves with threads and the almost complete absence of a trunk. Such a plant is difficult to grow at home due to its volume, but it will perfectly get used to the lawn near the house. 70–75 cm long and 4–5 cm wide are the parameters of the leaves of the filamentous Yucca. The leaves themselves have pointed tips and curly white threads on the sides that descend beautifully to the ground. Interesting in green with a yellow tint or white dots.
3. Elephant palm Yucca is also suitable for indoor cultivation, but be aware that it can grow up to 1.5 m in height. In nature, it grows up to 8–10 m. The leaves reach 85 cm in length and 7 cm in width. This tree can be remembered for its thick trunk, reminiscent of an elephant's leg, and rich green color. Elephant Yucca grows for a long time and eventually takes the form of an upright shrub or stunted tree, rarely affected by pests.
4. A feature of the gray palm tree can be considered the almost complete absence of a stem. The leaves of this Yucca, about 60 cm long, are bluish-green in color with a bluish tint and are collected in dense rosettes. Exotics add hanging threads that curl beautifully.

Gray Yucca - a palm tree that has practically no stem

Features of caring for Yucca at home

Yucca tree plant at home can grow up to 2 m tall, and in wild nature its height reaches 12 m. However, no matter how simple the plant is to maintain, it is still necessary to take care of it.

As mentioned above, the flower does not require special gardening skills or a lot of time, but there are still certain care features that must be observed.

1. The main requirement for growing this species is good lighting. At home, the flower receives a huge amount of sunlight, because it grows in hot countries. The ideal location would be a well-lit window on the south side of the house.
2. The second feature is the lack of flowering, although in nature Yucca blooms with a paniculate inflorescence up to 1 m long with many flowers. The only way to see the flowering of a palm tree at home is a warmed balcony or loggia, where the flower will be sent in the winter season.
3. The plant is very popular, and an adult specimen will cost a lot, and it will take a long time to grow it yourself, so this is not an option for impatient gardeners.
4. Another feature is the need for a long daylight hours, at least 15 hours. Therefore, in winter, the flower will need additional lighting. And also we must not forget that the plant does not tolerate drafts, so in the fall it is better to make a secluded and well-lit shelter.

Yucca does not need intense heat - it is better to maintain the temperature around 20-30 C in spring and summer, and -15-20 C in winter.

During the warm season, the plant should be watered frequently, but care must be taken to ensure that the soil dries out between waterings. Special recommendation: when the top layer of the earth dries up, you need to wait 2-3 days and only then water. Water that has dripped onto the tray must be drained.

In winter, you need to take care of the flower a little differently: water infrequently, provided that the room temperature is 23–28 C. If the temperature is below 23 C, then it is recommended to water even less often. It is not necessary to water the leaves of the plant, but it is necessary to wipe the dust from them periodically.

If in winter the air humidity is below 40-45%, then it is necessary to spray twice a day. At humidity above these indicators, it is not necessary.

top dressing

Caring for a young plant implies mandatory feeding, which is carried out in spring and summer. You need to start top dressing in April, and finish in August. The interval between feeding is 2-3 weeks. Fertilizers for decorative deciduous plants fit perfectly. It is best applied to the underside of the leaves. You can not feed a tree when it is sick, or after transplanting.

It is forbidden to feed Yucca immediately after transplantation

First of all, plants planted in purchased soil need additional fertilizers, since nutrients leave it after 1–2 months. If the soil was compiled independently at home, then the flower may not need to be fed for about a year.

Palm transplant

With normal care, Yucca needs to change its place of residence every two years, and this is recommended in the spring. The larger the plant, the more difficult it is to replant, so mature trees change the top layer of the earth every year.

The roots need moisture and air, so the soil must be very loose and nutritious. It is better to make the soil yourself from three components:

1. Compost or sod, for young plants add a little humus. This will provide nutrition.
2. Coarse granulated peat or leafy soil will provide nutrient retention, root fixation and structuring of the substrate.
3. Coarse river sand, pumice or coarse perlite - up to 30% of the total volume will provide drainage and water permeability.

You can make additional drainage from broken bricks, expanded clay or gravel, which is laid on the bottom, but not more than 1/4 of the height of the pot.

The soil should not be alkaline. If during irrigation the water lingers and passes through the soil for a long time, then the earth needs to be changed. And also a transplant is necessary if the plant begins to rot due to inept care.

The question arises, how to transplant Yucca at home. After a suitable soil has been compiled or purchased, it is necessary to transplant the plant. The pot should be larger than the previous one and stand steadily on the surface. You can’t buy too big a pot, because the soil can turn sour. To prevent this from happening, the soil should consist of one-fifth of the cultivator.

At the bottom of the pot you need to pour expanded clay or fine gravel, then add soil. A healthy flower is moved to a new pot along with an earthy clod, soil is added and well tamped. If the roots of the plant begin to rot, then the transplant will be a little more difficult.

The first step is to remove the rotten roots. To do this, the plant and the earth are allowed to dry completely, and then all the earth is removed and the rotten roots are cut off. Wounds should be covered with crushed coal and the plant should also be moved to a new pot with fresh earth.

Yucca breeding

Propagation of Yucca usually occurs in three ways: seeds, cuttings or shoots. Spring time is best for breeding.

Reproduction by seeds

Yucca is very good and easy to propagate by seeds. Before planting, it is necessary to break the hard shell of the seed for rapid germination. Damaged seeds are placed in the soil, which consists of sand, soddy and leafy soil, and covered with film or glass from above. Seeds need regular ventilation, bright light and a temperature of at least 25 C. After a month, the first shoots should appear.

Small plants are transplanted into small plastic cups that are filled with the same earth. The first feeding of young plants is carried out a week after transplantation. To do this, mix a liter of water and 1 gram of nitrophoska. Two weeks later, another top dressing is carried out.

After the formation of 5 leaves, young Yucca can be looked after as an adult plant.

Reproduction by cuttings

The flower grows very slowly, and impatient flower growers use propagation by cuttings. The ideal time for cuttings is in the spring before active growth, but the time from March to August is also acceptable.

The stalk is cut off and dried for 12 hours in a dark and cool place. Leave a few leaves on the handle and fix it vertically at a depth of 4–5 centimeters in perlite, which must be constantly moist.

should be in the range of 20–30 C. Light is required as much as an adult plant. Do not forget to periodically spray the leaves, thereby increasing the humidity. In a month, the cutting will take root.

Reproduction by shoots

Over time, the tree will grow and become too big for the room or house. In this case, you can make two or more flowers from one flower, but in a smaller size. A child lateral shoot is carefully separated from an adult plant.

For rooting, it is placed in a container with water or in wet sand. When roots appear on the shoot, you can transplant it into a pot with prepared soil.

Yucca pests

Yucca can be affected by pests such as:

• ticks;
• caterpillars;
• scale insects;
• thrips.

This houseplant is rarely attacked by pests. When the plant is damaged, small spots appear on the leaves, and cobwebs can be seen on the reverse side.

You need to fight pests by treating the tree with one of the insecticides ("Aktara", "Karbofos"). Iskra BIO will help from spider mites. But first, before treatment with insecticides, you need to wipe the affected areas with a solution of laundry soap.

Palm diseases

Yucca growing at home, with improper care, is subject to some diseases.

1. Brown spots. They are formed due to dry air, improper soil acidity, poor watering, waterlogging or hypothermia of the roots, insufficient drying of the earth. In this case, it is necessary to remove the damaged leaves, change the irrigation regime, be sure to treat the plant with a fungicide.
2. Light spots. Yucca suffers from excess light. It is recommended to place the plant in the shade or slightly cover from the sun.
3. Rotten stem. This is the effect of the fungus on the palm tree, which spreads very quickly. And also the leaves can be pale and soft, and the trunk softens quickly. To prevent rotting of the stem during transplantation, various baking powders should be added to the soil.
4. Yellow leaves. If the leaves turn yellow and fall off at the bottom of the trunk, this is a natural process and no action is needed. Rolled leaves. This is due to hot air or very dry soil. It is advisable to remove the flower away from the battery.
5. Yellow leaves at the base. The reason is the lack of light. In this case, the plant can stretch upwards, this happens in winter or autumn. An additional light source is required.

Flower renewal

If the palm tree grows in unhealthy conditions, it may lose its decorative effect. Her trunk is noticeably stretched or the leaves are damaged. In this case, it is possible to renew the flower, but you should not do this in the year when the plant was propagated.

In February, all shoots of the desired length are cut. To properly trim Yucca, you need to know a few nuances. Provided that the plant has one trunk, it is cut to any height.

If the flower has several trunks, then the difference in their height should be at least 15 centimeters. Cut trunks are processed with crushed charcoal. With sufficient light, new shoots begin to grow in a week. The lowest stem should be closest to the light.

During pruning, do not feed the plant and reduce watering. Watering the plant is necessary when the soil is thoroughly dry. When pruning an old flower, care for it will be different.

After the crown of the tree has been cut off and new young leaves have appeared, it is advisable to transplant the plant and remove part of the roots that have grown greatly. In this case, the transplant takes place in a smaller pot.

Root pruning

When removing a palm tree from a pot, you need to clean the root system from the ground. Carefully cut off the largest and thickest roots and form a new root system of the desired size. Do not reduce it more than twice. Most of the roots in the middle should be completely untouched, so only the lateral roots are trimmed.

The pot is chosen smaller in size, thick drainage is laid on the bottom, and fresh soil is on top. The transplanted palm tree is placed in the shade and not watered for 5-7 days. In dry air, spraying the leaves twice a day is allowed. It is impossible to reproduce a pruned tree for several months after transplantation.

Yucca care at home should be based on the habits and preferences of the plant, laid down in its homeland. The main thing is to follow the basic rules for caring for the plant, and then she will reciprocate: she will delight you with her healthy appearance and exotic beauty for a long time.

Introducing home care for yucca with photos and precise recommendations. We tell you how to properly care for a palm tree: soil, watering, reproduction, transplanting, pruning and other nuances and other growing features.

In room conditions, of all types grown: yucca elephant and aloe. The first is much more popular and can be found more often in homes, offices or shopping centers.

At home, they do not bloom in 99.9% of cases (little light), and garden species have insanely beautiful inflorescences with a delicate aroma that do not leave indifferent every flower lover.

In terms of care, there are no significant differences between the species. Some growers believe that aloe yucca is more capricious than elephant yucca and requires less frequent watering. Read more about them in a separate article at the end of the article.

HUMIDITY. For good flower development, the relative humidity of the air must be at least 40%. At a lower level, spray the air near the plant in the morning and afternoon. It is especially important to spray in winter, as the air is often dried out by heating appliances.

Rinse the palm under a warm shower in the bathroom about once every 15-20 days to wash off the dust. In other cases, the flower does not need spraying the leaves.

• IMPORTANT! If, when watering, water is glass in the pan, then it must be poured out as excess moisture contributes to rotting of the roots, and stagnant water is very dangerous for a flower. An excess of moisture is more destructive than a lack.
• If after 3-4 days after watering the soil has not dried out, then loosen it. Loosening will speed up the drying of the soil and destroy salt deposits. The signal for overwatering is mushroom mosquitoes (small black flies).
• Pay special attention to watering palm trees during cold snaps in spring (heating has already been turned off) and autumn (not yet turned on). At such times, the soil dries out longer, and if the plants are watered prematurely, the roots can rot.

How to transplant yucca at home?

Let your flower always be healthy and beautiful, and care for it easy and pleasant!

Yucca is a truly unique plant. It not only brings beauty and freshness to the house, but is also a very versatile plant. In addition to the listed, rather standard properties, yucca can be used both for food and in technical production.

In care, she is very unpretentious, but you still have to make an effort to get a decent result. The yucca itself comes from North America, few people know about the fact that the first jeans contained the fibers of this amazing plant.

Yucca will easily fit into the interior of any home and you will be amazed at how harmoniously it will turn out.

You will learn how to choose the right variety, care for it and much more below.

Description Yucca

Yucca (lat. Yucca)- perennial tree-like plants native to the subtropical zone of North America; belongs to the agave family and has up to forty species. In the homeland of yucca (Yucca), it is used in various fields. Cut yucca flowers produce juice with a high sugar content.

• Very strong fibers are obtained from yucca filamentus, from which the first jeans were made, even before the use of cotton.
• Although in the US to this day yucca fibers are added to jeans, which makes them more durable and resistant to wear.
• In addition, paper and rope ropes are made from yucca fibers, and in addition it is used for medicinal purposes.

Yucca- These are evergreen plants with a low stem, which either does not branch at all, or branches slightly. In some species, the stem is practically invisible, and large beautiful leaves arranged in a spiral.

The inflorescences are erect, large, up to 2 m long, emerge from the center of the rosette of leaves and look like panicles. Drooping flowers (up to 7 cm long) are bell-shaped, white in color. The 10 cm fruit is a box with black seeds (up to 1 cm in diameter).

In room conditions, yucca is best placed in spacious rooms or a hall, because. it grows up to 4 m in height. Outwardly, the yucca looks like a false palm tree.

Homemade yucca will bloom with white flowers similar to bells, but this will not happen soon, because flowering is possible only in adult specimens.

Indoor yucca is very often used to decorate the interior, and specimens with several growth points are of particular value - in which the trunk branches.

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Types of Yucca home

Yucca room.

Yucca potted is grown as ornamental plant It can also be used for medicinal purposes. The plant is similar to a palm tree, its height can reach 4 m, so it is suitable for placement in large halls.

• For planting this type of yucca, a deep pot with good drainage is required.
• In the summer, the yucca is taken out into the open air, in the winter they are kept indoors with a cool air temperature with fairly bright lighting.
• Indoor yucca will bloom after many years with white flowers.
• It has green, slightly bluish, xiphoid, linear leaves, collected in a bunch at the top of the trunk.

An incredibly beautiful decorative yucca decorates the flower bed with its sharp evergreen leaves in the shape of a sword, and at the time of flowering it attracts with a tall peduncle with large white bells.

It is grown without much difficulty in pots, where it looks very impressive. Young specimens of the age of three are placed in three-liter pots, for an older representative of the genus agave, a ten-liter container is suitable.

Yucca aloe.

This is the most popular yucca among hobby growers. Its main difference from other species is that it does not have side shoots.

On its tree-like trunk, planted with notches left from fallen leaves, rather stiff, green leaves with a bluish tint grow, collected in the form of two or three sparse rosettes.

They are very sharp, you can even cut yourself on them, so it is better not to keep such plants in places where people move. When choosing this type, it is necessary to observe the correct watering regimen, and then it will be possible to grow a healthy and beautiful tree.

Yucca is filamentous.

An inhabitant of the east of North America takes root well at home, as it is resistant to pests, tolerates heat and drought.

This is a stemless plant with bluish-green leaves with a pointed top, with edges pubescent with numerous white, thin, curling threads.

Approximately 200 cm in height, a flower panicle grows, which is made up of yellowish-white, drooping flowers. The fruit has a rounded shape. The plant grows quickly and loves to sprout (stolons). In the conditions of the botanical garden, breeders managed to obtain several varieties of this species.

Elephant yucca.

This is the most interesting species, its height reaches 10 m. amazing plant, the care of which consists in performing some simple rules widely used in industry and medicine.

Ropes are made from strong fibers, and the juice of the leaves of the plant is used as the basis for some hormonal preparations.

The native places of growth of this houseplant are Mexico and Guatemala. The imported stems are cut into fragments, planted in flower pots, they can be bought at any flower shop.

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The soil

This plant needs soil, the acidity of which ranges from 5.7-7.4 pH. From alkaline soils, it is difficult for yucca to absorb many trace elements. There are two soil recipes for this representative of palm trees.

To prepare the first mixture, you need to mix one part of compost, sand (perlite), soddy soil, humus. To prepare the substrate according to the second recipe, it is necessary to mix one part of pebbles or crushed dolomite (fraction 1.2 cm), pine bark (2 cm), coarse peat, coarse perlite, charcoal (1 cm), pumice, and also 0.1 parts of bone meal.

This composition provides a very good outflow of water and prevents soil salinization. As a top dressing for yucca, it is better to use slow-dissolving granular fertilizers. It is better to make them once a year in the spring.

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Lighting

Yucca requires a lot of light and sun. The most successful place for her is the windows of the southern, southeastern and southwestern orientation.

• Good light is especially important for young plants to ensure their proper development. Wherein young plants are more sensitive to sun exposure than adults, so in the hottest time they need to be shaded or moved away from the window.
• The lack of light affects the plant adversely. Shoots ugly stretch and bend. The leaves become thinner, turn pale, begin to turn yellow and fall off. The plant is weakened and pests, such as mealybugs or spider mites, may appear on it.

A sufficient amount of light is needed for yucca in winter, therefore, during this period, it is desirable to organize additional artificial lighting for the plant, bringing daylight hours to 16 hours a day.

Temperature

During the growing season (March to September), the temperature comfortable for yucca is 20-24 degrees. In hotter conditions, increased air humidity is necessary (spraying, placing on a pallet with wet expanded clay). The higher the air temperature, the higher should be its humidity..

• The problem when caring for yucca at home is the need in winter (from October to February) to provide the plant with coolness, a temperature of 8-10 degrees Celsius.
• It is good if the house has a suitable room, for example, a heated loggia, where you can place a yucca at this time.
• If not, then place the pot on the windowsill, moving it closer closer to the glass, and periodically open the window, and if the design of the windows allows, open the sashes for winter ventilation.

At the same time, it must be remembered that yucca endures sudden changes in temperature and drafts painfully and sometimes dies from this.

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How to water yucca?

The answer to this question is given by the yucca itself. The size and age of the plant, the type of pot and soil, the time of year affect the frequency and amount of watering.

On average, you need to water the flower once a week. Leaves and soil serve as watering indicators. Leaves arched down indicate that watering is not yet required for the plant.

The leaves begin to curl into a tube around the center line, and the earth becomes dry by 5-7 cm - the yucca needs to be watered. Timely watering can be plentiful, but the water must be completely absorbed and not drain into the pan.

• If the air in the room is too dry in winter or the plant is taken out into the open air in summer, then it can be sprayed about every other day.
• The flower drinks water with leaves and drops of moisture imitate dew and natural habitat for it. In any case, sensitive leaves occasionally need to be gently wiped clean of dust.
• Water the plant only with settled water at room temperature.

Avoid excess moisture in the soil. High soil moisture can lead to disease in the form of grayish-brown spots on the leaves. Sick leaves will have to be removed, and the flower itself should be sprayed with a fungicide.

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Air humidity

Yucca does not require spraying the leaves, but sometimes it is necessary to arrange washing so that the plant does not become dusty and does not lose its attractiveness. In the summer on outdoors enough rain showers. If in winter the yucca is kept in a room with central heating, then it is advisable to spray at least once a day.

• When spraying yucca in the sun, sunburn spots can occur on its leaves.
• For better decorativeness, the plant must be washed from time to time in the shower or under running water, making sure that water does not fall on the substrate (for example, close the pot with polyethylene).
• The most common types of yucca in indoor floriculture - elephant yucca (Yucca elephantipes) and aloe yucca (Yucca aloifolia) - do not require spraying.
• Yucca doesn't need too much water. In the summer, you can water the yucca only once a week.

In winter, the number of waterings can be reduced to once every 10 days. In general, the basic rules for watering are as follows: From spring to autumn, the soil is constantly kept in a moderately moist state, it is better to dry the plant a little than to fill it.

In winter, the ground should be moistened from time to time, depending on the temperature. The frequency of watering yucca depends on many factors: the size and material of the pot, the size of the plant, the characteristics of the substrate, temperature and humidity.

In the warm season, yucca is watered abundantly - but only after the top layer of soil has dried to a depth of about 5 cm. In hot summer, yucca is watered more often; but do not forget that between watering the earth in a pot should dry out. Yucca at home should be kept in the nutrient mixture. At the same time, a thick layer of drainage should be poured onto the bottom of the pot.

top dressing

Top dressing: once every 2-3 weeks in spring and summer, with an interval of two to three weeks, with a diluted solution of mineral fertilizers. This plant responds well to fertilizing with infusion of mullein, horse manure, leaf humus. top scores give foliar top dressing(solution mineral fertilizer spray the leaves from the underside).

• You can not feed the plant immediately after transplantation, and also if the yucca is sick.
• In general, it should be noted that top dressing is required only from May to September, that is, during the period of rapid growth of the plant.

But in winter, the plant should not only be left alone, but also taken out to a cooler room. Optimum temperature for wintering plants will be 10 ° C.

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YUKCA TRANSFER

A houseplant is transplanted once every two years. When a plant has more than one trunk, you need to seat. And they perform this manipulation in this way:

1. The trunk is divided into several parts along with the root.
2. All places of cuts are sprinkled with crushed activated carbon or covered with garden pitch.
3. Each sprout resulting from division is planted in a separate pot.

You can transplant indoor yucca at any time of the year. But spring is the best time. The plant needs to be prepared for transplanting. To begin with, cut off a third of the foliage, and immerse the root for a couple of hours in warm water.

It is imperative to ensure that the root system is not damaged during transplantation. Yucca loves vitamin supplements, they are applied directly to the new soil.

Important. If you follow all the rules of care and planting, a luxurious beauty grows out of a small yucca, which will become the most beautiful decoration housing.

AFTER THE PURCHASE

When buying a plant, it is transplanted within two days. A new flowerpot for yucca is chosen a few centimeters larger than the old one.

• Clay or ceramic pots are considered to be the best pots for the plant due to their natural origin and drainage hole of a suitable size.
• Although containers made of plastic are also successfully used, having previously made additional holes in them to drain excess water.
• This type of container is more affordable, and in use it is no worse than clay ones.
• When the pot is selected, proceed to planting.
• Drainage is poured at the bottom of the tank, in the form of fine gravel or red brick broken into pieces.
• Then, over the drainage, the prepared soil is poured.
• It is purchased in a specialized store or prepared by hand. The main thing is that there is sand.

From the old pot, carefully remove the yucca. The earthen ball present on the root cannot be removed. The plant is placed in a new pot and covered with substrate on the sides, compacting it with a spatula. The planted plant is watered abundantly.

Next, a pot of yucca is transferred to a dark place. And observe the temperature regime of + 25 ° С. For a week, yucca is sprayed three times a day with water. After a week of adaptation, a sunny corner in the room is chosen for the flower, and it is moved to a permanent place of residence.

For compliance with all conditions, the yucca will thank the owner with luxurious beauty. And will delight for many years.

POT SIZE

Every time it's time to transplant a yucca, one rule should be followed when choosing a pot. The old container fits freely in the new container. And in order not to miscalculate with the size, the ideal distance between the pots in diameter is no more than three centimeters.

Yucca grows slowly. And if you choose a larger pot, then the growth of the plant will stop for a long period until the root system is compacted. And first of all, the crown will suffer. After all, the root will take all the nutrients for itself for growth.

YUCCA TRANSFER IN AUTUMN

As described above, indoor yucca can be transplanted at any time of the year. But it is better not to transplant in the fall, but to give the plant the opportunity to prepare for the rest period.

After all, landing in a new pot will not give a good sleep to the yucca, but will force you to give up all your strength for rooting in a new place of residence. This will lead to flower disease.

Yucca transplantation has been done since February. The main thing is to adhere to strict rules so that the yucca pleases with its beauty, and not with diseases.

As for garden plants. Such specimens are planted only in the spring in order to take root well and get used to new conditions.

Yucca can not be planted in autumn. By frost, she will not have time to grow a root, and may die in frost. And even a good insulation will not save her. The main thing for yucca is to observe the period of its unhurried adaptation to new conditions.

TRANSFER OF GARDEN YUCCA

Garden yucca, after purchase, is immediately planted in a flower bed. The site is chosen from good lighting and protected from drafts. Planted early in the morning or in the evening, after sunset.

Dig a hole 60 cm deep and 80 cm wide for a young plant. The recess is made more by 10 cm if the plant is an adult. The soil for planting is prepared in advance, for this you will need:

• fine gravel;
• sand;
• compost;
• chernozem.

All components are mixed in equal parts and moistened. Part of the substrate is poured into the prepared pit, where the yucca is laid and the rest of the soil is poured on top, compacting with a shovel. Next, a small hole is made around the plant. Settled warm water is poured into it. In the first week, after planting, the plant is sprayed daily.

Mostly, garden yucca does not bloom in our latitudes. But sometimes there are exceptions. In the first year, the plant will not give flowers, this period, the yucca gets used to the new conditions. Ready for flowering, the plant becomes the third year.

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Yucca winter care

Yucca care in winter is significantly different from summer care. Yucca belongs to light-loving plants and in winter, with insufficient lighting, it can lose its lower leaves.

So in winter, you need to choose the most illuminated place in the apartment for her. Yucca care in winter is significantly different from summer care.

• Watering the plant is necessary only when adding the top layer of soil in a pot, but remember that yucca does not like excessive watering.
• The presence of excess moisture in the pot is completely detrimental to its root system.
• Often, excessive watering leads to rotting of the root system and the death of the entire plant.
• Watering should be done only around the circumference of the pot, and when watering, avoid getting water into the outlet and between the stems of the plant, as this can also lead to rotting of the stems.

In winter, yucca does not need additional spraying and dry air is not detrimental to it, although spraying in itself does not cause any harm to the plant.

But it is highly undesirable to spray the plant in direct sunlight, this can lead to burns on the leaves of the plant, and when spraying, it is necessary to ensure that water does not get inside the plant outlet, this can lead to its decay and death.

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Breeding methods

Why propagate the yucca flower? Often in order to acquire a new copy of this beautiful plant or give it to someone.

You can also propagate elephant yucca, for example, in order to plant several plants different size in one pot, so that they create a very effective composition in the form of several tiers of lush greenery.

It should be remembered that the soil for a young yucca rooted in one of the ways described below can be made independently from: leaf ground (2 parts); sod land (2 parts); humus (1 part); sand (2 parts). You can also buy ready-made soil in the store.

It is important to provide the plant with good drainage at the bottom of the growing container, and also remember to add up to 30% coarse sand to the substrate. Experienced flower growers recommend propagating yucca using one of the following methods: offspring; rooting of the top; stem cuttings; seeds; air outlets.

Reproduction offspring

With proper care, yucca can have babies in the first year of life. Separate root or stem processes from false palm even useful - for normal growth and development, you need to ensure that the plant has no more than five shoots at the same time.

The rooting process of the children is as follows: it is advisable to sprinkle the sections on the parent tree and on the offspring itself with crushed charcoal; separated offspring must be planted in containers with wet clean sand, and also watered and covered with a glass jar or plastic bag; it does not hurt to provide young plants with good humidity and a temperature of at least 20 ° C.

It is very important to ventilate the "greenhouse" daily and water the plant as needed; root formation will occur in a period approximately equal to two months; when the yucca is rooted, you need to transplant it into a permanent pot with good soil and pieces of charcoal in it.

Propagation by rooting the apex

Yucca does not like to branch very much and therefore grows most often with one trunk. An adult plant that is well rooted, at least 30 cm high, can be forced to branch. To do this, follow these steps.

In spring or at the very beginning of summer, it is necessary to cut off the top of the yucca 5 to 10 cm long with a sharp and clean knife or blade. It is best for the plant to do this during the growth of the moon. It is important to leave as many leaves as possible on the trunk of a yucca that continues to grow in a pot.

All sections must be sprinkled with charcoal powder. The apical stalk must be held for two hours in the air so that the cut dries out a little. Then you need to plant the cutting in wet sand or place it in cool boiled water.

• To prevent the cutting from rotting, you can add a little charcoal to the water.
• If the lower leaves of the cutting are rotten, an unpleasant odor will spread.
• These leaves must be removed and the water must be replaced with fresh water.
• It is very important that the stem of the cutting does not begin to rot, therefore, when rooting in the ground, it should be watered very sparingly.

When the cuttings grow roots, you can plant it in a permanent place of residence. A plant with a cut off top will grow new shoots from awakened buds. Useful information about the reproduction of the croton flower will help make this process fun and effective. The unpretentious fern can be propagated vegetatively and by spores.

Propagation by stem cuttings

Yucca can be propagated by cuttings, which are taken from a part of the trunk, cut from healthy plant with bare stem. Next, you need to perform the following manipulations: A segment of the yucca trunk must be placed horizontally on the surface of wet sand or loose soil in a pot.

The stalk does not need to be sprinkled with earth, it should only be slightly pressed into the ground. After some time, the dormant buds of the trunk become active and release new shoots, along the way growing roots. Next, the trunk must be removed from the sand, divided with a sharp and clean knife into parts according to the number of shoots and sprinkled with crushed charcoal.

For some time you need to leave the shoots in the air to dry them a little. Then each shoot must be planted in a separate container with soil. You can also purchase a piece of yucca stem from a flower shop.

To determine the top and bottom, as a rule, the top of the handle is filled with wax, which must be removed after planting.

rooting

• Such cuttings take root very easily and quickly as follows: to begin with, the stem segment must be placed with the lower end in a growth stimulant solution for two or three days, “Heteroauxin” is perfect for this;
• then you need to plant the cutting with the lower end into the ground, lowering it to a depth of 3 to 5 cm;
• the earth in a pot with rooting yucca should always be moist, but not wet; after the appearance of the first leaves, watering should be reduced; then the yucca should be watered as the earthen coma dries up.

If the cutting purchased at the flower shop is not marked with wax, it must be rooted according to the scheme described above, placing it horizontally on the ground, and then dividing the resulting shoots.

Reproduction by seeds

In room conditions, yucca, as a rule, does not bloom. For the formation flower buds the plant needs a long cold wintering on the street. However, if the grower was still lucky enough to get seeds from flowering plant or purchased at a flower shop, you can grow yucca from them according to the following scheme.

• It is very important to make sure the seeds are fresh.
• Soak them in warm water overnight.
• Next, you need to prepare the substrate from the following components: 1 part of leafy soil; 1 part of sod land; 1 part coarse sand.
• The container with seedlings must be covered with glass or a plastic bag to create optimal conditions for germination - humidity and heat.
• Every day you need to air the seedlings and wipe the glass with a dry cloth. A month after sowing, you can wait for the first shoots to appear.

Propagation by air layering

In case of rotting of the roots of an adult and tall room yucca, in the presence of healthy light and hard areas, new roots can be grown for it and propagated in the following way:

• On the healthy part of the plant, 10 cm above the rotted part and at least 60 cm below the top, you need to remove the bark around the trunk with a strip 0.5 cm wide.
• The place of the cut and the area slightly higher must be overlaid with wet sphagnum moss and tied with polyethylene on top.
• It is necessary to regularly moisten the moss from the sprayer.
• After two or three weeks, new roots will appear above the bark cut.

For the next two weeks, you need to continue to grow roots in the same conditions, constantly moistening the sphagnum. Next, you need to cut off the top of the yucca with new roots just below the place where the bark was removed.

Then you need to sprinkle the cut with charcoal, dry it a little and plant the cutting in a pot with fresh earth mixed with sand. As you can see, propagating yucca is not at all difficult and even exciting.

Caring flower growers who will spare no time and some effort can get a healthy and beautiful yucca and even create spectacular compositions with it, pleasing to the eye and uplifting.

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Pruning and shaping a lush tree

Prune yucca before the start of active growth at the end of winter - at the beginning of spring. It is worth remembering that after this procedure, the stem of the plant stops its growth. Therefore, it would be advisable to trim the flower when its trunk is at least five centimeters thick.

• For this procedure, use a sharp knife, previously disinfected in alcohol. The cut is made as high as possible from the surface of the earth.
• In order not to damage the growth points, the crown with leaves must be cut off along the entire diameter of the trunk, without breaking off. The cut is treated with crushed activated carbon to avoid the problem of trunk rotting.
• The cropped plant is exposed to a place well lit by the sun and systemic watering is provided. A leafless plant should be watered infrequently - 2 times a week.

After about 3-4 weeks, dormant buds near the cut will begin to wake up. They can be from 2 to 5 pieces. The flower will actively increase the thickness of new trunks.

On plants whose trunk is no thicker than five centimeters, it is recommended to leave two buds. If the thickness of the trunk is greater, five buds are left.

The cut top can be rooted in a container with a moist substrate. Thus, you can get another plant.

letovsadu.ru

Diseases of room Yucca

Description of pests and diseases of palm trees

There are many insects that can damage a palm tree. For example, among them:

• thrips;
• caterpillars;
• spider mites;
• scale insects;
• aphids and the like.

The main mistake due to which infection can occur is excessive watering. To reanimate a palm tree, it is enough to remove the cause that provokes a decrease in natural protection, as well as urgently treat the plant with purchased insecticidal preparations. They are used strictly according to the instructions.

The name of the most common Yucca diseases:

• stem rot;
• botrytis mushroom;
• bacterial burn;
• brown spotting;
• gray spotting;
• root rot.

Treating Yucca palm disease can be tricky, so it's best to make an effort to prevent it. It is often recommended to immediately destroy diseased plants, without wasting time on their restoration. The absence of problems is a sign of proper care. Under good conditions, the likelihood of disease is almost zero.

The trunk is rotting

Against the background of oversaturation with moisture, the lower part of the stem often rots. If the plant is affected by stem rot, then the entire trunk becomes soft, covered with red ulcers. Treatment is impossible, usually the palm tree is destroyed.

White spots

Light spots can appear on the foliage from too bright light.

• If white mycelium is visible on the stem or adjacent soil, this is a symptom of a bacterial burn.
• These are fluffy small formations of white color.
• Then they become hard and dark brown.

Correct agricultural technology is the only preventive method.

Why do leaves turn yellow and dry?

It has been observed that the palm tree naturally sheds leaves from below as it matures. This is manifested in the fact that the lower leaves turn yellow. This yellowness is normal. The fact is that there are also painful spots - they are initially yellow oval.

Then they change. After the yellow one can see brown spots on Yucca and this is indicative of brown spotting. To cure a plant from brown spots, you need to use purchased products, but first you have to arrange care.

Many are interested in why the leaves turn yellow in winter. This comes from frequent watering, which at this time of the year is not required by the plant.

• There is also a problem: the Yucca palm leaves dry only along the bottom of the plant. Apparently she's going to throw them off. In most cases, this is the norm.
• You need to think about why the indoor Yucca dries if the leaves above suffer as well, as this may be a sign of a lack of lighting and a too hot climate.
• There may be dryness along with yellowness. When dryness covers only the leaves at the tips, you should increase the humidity of the palm environment, as well as adjust the care in general.

falling leaves

The only normal thing is that the leaves fall at the very bottom. When a plant loses other foliage, this indicates an incorrect moisture regime. We advise you to revise the watering schedule, eliminate errors. If the roots are not dead, then the plant can be brought back to life.

No flowering

The palm tree usually does not bloom in apartment conditions, just as certain animal species refuse to give birth to offspring in captive conditions. Flowering can be achieved if Yucca is grown in ideal conditions where everything is calculated to the smallest detail. All surrounding data should be as close to nature as possible. Then, perhaps, the palm tree will give the owner flowers - wonderful panicles with bells.

So let's sum it up. Indoor Yucca loves temperatures from 8 to 20 degrees, grows comfortably in bright light and moderate watering. Prefers high humidity and light, well-drained soil. We feed the palm tree in spring and summer, transplant overgrown specimens, and propagate with stem cuttings. Flowering is rare, so at home you can not count on this miracle. That's all we wanted to tell you about the home palm tree, grow it for health, it is very aesthetic and looks exotic in the apartment.

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The chemical composition and medicinal properties of yucca

The chemical composition of yucca is as follows:

• • steroidal saponins- have antifungal properties, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, anti-edematous effect, lowers cholesterol levels in the blood;
  • enzymes- take part in metabolism;
  • antioxidants- take part in the metabolism, neutralize harmful substances in the body;
  • slime- have an enveloping effect, a carrying effect, they are used for gastritis, ulcers, and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • anthraquinones- have anti-inflammatory, astringent and laxative effect on the body;
  • zinc- participates in the synthesis of proteins, enzymes, fats, increases the absorption of vitamin E in the body, regulates blood sugar levels, strengthens the bone tissue of the teeth, maintains healthy skin;

vitamins

• selenium- has antioxidant properties, improves the absorption of vitamins E, C, protects nucleic acids from damage, is useful for muscles and blood vessels. Increases immunity, helps in the fight against viruses, in combination with iodine ensures the normal functioning of the thyroid gland;
• vitamin A- participates in the synthesis of enzymes, sex hormones, rhodospin in the retina;
• vitamin C- improves immunity, participates in the synthesis of collagen, cartilage tissue and has antioxidant properties.

A large number of sapogenins and aglycones are found in yucca leaves. In addition, steroid saponin was found in them in an amount of 1-2%; it is a stereoisomer of sarsapogenin.

Yucca flower extract contains zinc and selenium, steroidal sapogenins, carbohydrates.

The root of the plant has a lot of saponins, which stimulates the production of cortisone in the body and is responsible for the anti-inflammatory qualities of the plant. The root also contains folic acid, vitamin E, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin K, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper.

Important! In indoor growing conditions, yucca blooms extremely rarely. Therefore, when it becomes steadily very warm outside, it must be taken out into fresh air. For five years of compliance with this condition, the plant will accumulate the necessary substances to bloom.

How to prepare and store medicinal raw materials from yucca

• The yucca flower has medicinal properties, therefore, its various parts are harvested in order to later use them as raw materials for medicines.
• Yucca leaves have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. They must be harvested before and during the flowering of the plant.
• Cut leaves are laid out in a thin layer on the surface, leaving to dry in the sun. They must be stored in a well-ventilated area.
• On an industrial scale, harvesting yucca is mechanized. The collected leaves are dried on currents, stored in well-ventilated rooms for up to 5 years.

Root

Yucca root has many useful substances, so it is also harvested. Use for the preparation of medicines you need the root of an adult plant. When digging up the roots, it must be remembered that they go into the ground by 50-70 cm. It is necessary to dig them as deep as possible so that the root system of the yucca is not damaged.

Yucca blooms in the 3rd year of its life. It takes place between the end of June and August. At this time, you can collect the flowers of the plant for harvesting for raw materials for medicines. Dried yucca flowers are stored in a ventilated area.

Did you know? In order for the yucca to overwinter and survive, when cold weather sets in, you need to tie its leaves into a bundle. With this technique, the top will not freeze, and the leaves will not break under wet snow. The roots of the plant go deep, so they are not afraid of either cold or heat.

The use of yucca in folk medicine for diseases

The range of effects of yucca on the body is very wide. This plant is used for the treatment of many diseases: arthritis, gout, polyps in the intestines, prostatitis, flatulence, low blood pressure, etc.

AT traditional medicine yucca is used to combat problems such as dry itchy skin, eczema, psoriasis, neurodermatitis, lichen planus. With viral rashes, the juice of yucca leaves is effective.

Important! People suffering from urolithiasis and cholelithiasis are contraindicated in taking medicines from yucca.

Inflammatory processes

Yucca is useful in inflammatory processes such as arthritis, arthrosis, gout, bursitis. For this, the following recipe:

• crushed yucca roots - 1 tablespoon;
• water - 500 ml.

The crushed roots are poured with water and boiled for 15 minutes. The broth should be insisted for an hour, then drink half a cup 3 times a day.

Eczema and psoriasis

For the treatment of psoriasis, eczema and neurodermatitis, yucca should be taken according to the following recipes:

• fresh yucca leaves - 50 grams;
• water - 3-4 liters.

The leaves are poured with water and brought to a boil. After cooling, the decoction is applied in the form of lotions to the affected areas of the skin..

• Fresh yucca leaves - 10 grams;
• melted lard - 100 grams.

Mix melted lard with leaves, heat the mixture in a water bath for 5-6 hours. Filter through cheesecloth and pour into a jar. After cooling, the ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin.

Gastrointestinal tract

Yucca with peptic ulcer has a good effect on the body. For treatment apply plant leaves - 10 grams of them are poured with water - 500 ml. The mixture is brought to a boil. This decoction should be drunk 3 times a day.

In this way, peptic ulcer, gastritis, Crohn's disease, intestinal inflammation can be cured.

Diabetes

With the help of yucca, diabetes is treated. Preparations, which contain extracts of this plant, are sold in pharmacies. You can also make a decoction of yucca at home.

For decoction of yucca needed for diabetes plant root and stem. Flowers can also be used as they contain zinc.

Raw materials in the amount of 50 grams are poured with 3-4 liters of water, boiled and allowed to cool the broth, after which they are taken orally.

Prostatitis

To get rid of prostatitis with yucca, you need to cook mixture, which includes:

• crushed yucca roots;
• burdock;
• aralia manchurian;
• hydrangea.

Take 2 tablespoons of the mixture, pour them with water in an amount of 500 ml, bring to a boil, boil for 15 minutes. The broth is required to insist 1-1.5 hours and drink 3 times a day for half a glass. The treatment lasts a month.

Use in cosmetology

Extracted from yucca extract, which has a healing, bactericidal effect. The flower extract of the plant is rich in zinc, selenium, sapogenins, so it is added as an ingredient in some cosmetics for skin and hair care.

How yucca is used in industry

Yucca is used in light industry in the US. Filamentous yucca is grown as an industrial plant for the production of strong fibres. These fibers are added to cotton in the production of denim. Thanks to the yucca fibers, jeans are made more durable.

• Also, the fibers of this plant are used in the production of ropes for ropes, brushes, fishing tackle, burlap and in the production of paper.
• Yucca leaves contain steroidal sapogenins, due to which the plant is used in the manufacture of hormonal corticosteroid preparations.
• There are diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, and yucca, due to its pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, is used as a raw material in the latest preparations for the treatment of joints.
• Also included in preparations for the treatment of skin diseases - fungi, juvenile acne and other lesions.

Thus, yucca is used in industrial medicine.

Another industrial use of the plant is a natural red dye is extracted from the root.

Contraindications for use

Yucca contains substances that break down into simple compounds that can harm a person. One of these compounds is hydrocyanic acid, which, with prolonged use of yucca in food, can lead to myelopathy, parasthesia.

A single use of yucca roots in the amount of 400 grams gives a lethal dose of hydrocyanic acid for humans.

Possible side effect of yucca when taking and using it:

• nausea;
• vomit;
• stomach upset;
• diarrhea.