Russian Agricultural Academy
STATE SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTION
ALL-RUSSIAN RESEARCH
INSTITUTE OF VINE AND WINEnamed after Ya.I. POTAPENKO
C A T A L O G
and innovative developments of scientists
GNU VNIIViV Russian Agricultural Academy
NOVOCHERKASSK 2011
1. An unconventional method of breeding grapes for seedlessness .............................. 3
2. Biological features of pollen and ways to increase it
vitality to improve the variety of grapes …………………………. 3
3. New varieties GNU VNIIVIV of the Russian Agricultural Academy ………………………………… .4
4. Grape varieties in the state test …………………………………… .. 6
5. Models that allow you to quickly monitor moisture conditions
vineyards ………………………………………………………………………… ..8
6. Criteria for the suitability of sandy lands for vineyards ……………………… ..8
7. Technology of healing and testing of grape plants at
production of virus-free planting material ………….……………………...9
9. Technology of application of the universal growth regulator emistim
with clonal micropropagation ……………………………………………… ..9
10. Improved technology for obtaining a virus-free planting
material using light biotechnology …………………………………… 10
11. Method of adaptation of grape plants obtained in vitro using
cultures of apical meristems, to non-sterile conditions ……………………… ..10
12. Technology of laying and maintaining basic mother liquors on sandy soils ……… 10
13. Technology of growing seedlings using photodegradable
film and aerosol spraying …………………………………………………… ..11
14. Technology of growing seedlings using gravilen …………………… 11
15. Technology of growing seedlings and planting vineyards ………………… ..11
16. Improvement of the technology for the production of grafted planting
material with the use of physiologically active substances …………………… .12
17. Promising scion-rootstock combinations for grape varieties
interspecific origin ……………………………………………………… .12
18. Industrial technology of cultivation of uncovered vineyards ………… 13
19. Intensive technology of cultivation of non-sheltered vineyards ..................... 13
20. Technology of cultivation of semi-covering vineyards ………………………… .13
21. Technology of cultivation of industrial-type covering vineyards ....... ..13
22. New ways of restoration and reconstruction of grafted vine bushes ... ..14
23. System of protection of vineyards from black spot …………………………… 14
24. At the niversal trailed grape harvester KVP-1 "Don" ......... ... 14
25. Double row tillage machine ………………………………………… .16
26. Solar radiation drying plant (SRSU) …………………………… .17
27. Technologies for the production of high-quality categories of wine products ... 18
28. Methodology for the identification of wine and cognac products on
subject of their compliance with the requirements of regulatory legal documents ... ... ... ..18
UNCONVENTIONAL METHOD OF BREEDING GRAPES FOR SEEDLESSNESS
Developers: Doroshenko N.P., Bernikova N.V.
Target: develop theoretical basis method of selection of grapes for seedlessness using both seedless parents and subsequent culture of isolated ovules in vitro.
Description: the method is based on the prevention of degenerative processes in the ovule when crossing both seedless parents. The studied varietal features of embryogenesis determine the selection of varieties and combinations of crossing. Methods have been developed for determining the timing of isolating ovules, double sterilization of berries and ovules before introducing them into culture (patent No. 2265313), a method for saving the resulting abnormal plants, etc. The effect of growth regulators NAA, kinetin, benzyladenine, crezacin and new preparations of zircon and Super Stim No. 1 on the productive organs of grapes was studied in order to activate the embryonic development of ovules of seedless grape varieties. The nature of the influence of these preparations on the weight of berries, setting, growth and development of ovules in various combinations of crossing was revealed.
The method provides for obtaining hybrid seedlings within one year, increasing the efficiency of crosses and accelerating the selection process for obtaining high-quality seedless grape varieties that are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.
Social effect: Improvement and replenishment of the assortment of seedless grapes, which are in great demand among the consumer.
BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF POLLEN AND METHODS OF INCREASING
ITS VIABILITY FOR IMPROVING THE VARIETY OF GRAPES
Developers: Doroshenko N.P., Soboleva Yu.V.
Target: to develop ways to increase the viability of pollen to increase the efficiency of the breeding process when breeding seedless grape varieties
Description: The previously unexplored features of the formation of the male gametophyte and the possibility of increasing its viability were revealed. It is shown that in years with unfavorable meteorological conditions during the formation of male gametes, it is necessary to increase the viability of pollen of seedless varieties. It was found that such technological methods as conducting green operations, the use of chemical regulation substances plant organism, timely collection of pollen, optimal storage conditions, identification of the most promising pollen varieties contribute to the improvement of its viability.
Practical indicators of implementation: increasing the efficiency and accelerating the breeding process.
Place of implementation: for research institutes and production selection and technological centers specializing in the breeding of seedless grape varieties.
NEW VARIETIES GNU VNIIVIV ROSSELHOZAKADEMIYA
Grape varieties included in State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use
since 2001: Friendship - universal purpose (2002), Platovskiy (2003), Denisovskiy (2006), Augusta, Muscat Aksai - technical purpose, Baklanovskiy (2008) - table purpose and 3 rootstock varieties: Present (2007) ...
| August The variety was bred at VNIIViV of the Russian Agricultural Academy as a result of crossing the varieties SV 12-309 and Kazachka. Bunch medium (150 g) conical, medium to dense. Berry average 1.5-1.8 g, round or slightly oval. Productivity 120-140 kg / ha. Sugar content 21.0 g / 100 cm 3, acidity 8.7 g / dm 3. Tasting assessment at the level of the control variety Cabernet Severny. Possesses increased resistance to frost - minus 27 0 С, fungal diseases with mildew 2.5 points, to powdery mildew 2.5 points. Economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 50 thousand rubles. per 1 hectare. |  |
| Baklanovsky: It was bred at the All-Russian Research Institute of Life Sciences of the Russian Agricultural Academy by crossing the varieties Original and Vostorg. Authors of the variety: Kostrikin I.A., Maistrenko L.A., Krasokhina S.I., Skripnikova A.S. Belongs to table varieties of a very early ripening period. Large bunch (600 g), large berry 6.0 g, 28x23 mm, Simple, neutral taste. Sugar content 18-23 g / 100 cm 3, acidity 5-6 g / dm 3. Frost resistance to minus 25 ° С, resistant to mildew - 2.0-2.5 points, gray rot - 1.0 points, tolerant to powdery mildew - 3.0-3.5 points, to phylloxera - 4.0 points. Tasting assessment fresh grapes 8.2 - 8.5 points. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 120 thousand rubles per hectare |  |
| Denisovsky The variety was bred at VNIIViV of the Russian Agricultural Academy as a result of crossing the Severny variety and a mixture of muscat pollen. Authors of the variety: Potapenko Ya.I., Proskurnya L.I., Skripnikova A.S., Guseinov Sh.N., Pavlyuchenko N.G., Kovalev V.M., Lycheva L.A. Ripens in the 1st decade of September. Bunch medium (200g) conical, medium density to loose. Berry average 2.0 g, rounded. Productivity 140 kg / ha. Sugar content 22.0 g / 100 cm 3, acidity 7.8 g / dm 3. Wine tasting score 8.4 points. It is promising for the preparation of dry, sparkling and dessert wines. Resistance to mildew 4.0 points, to mildew 4.0 points, frost resistance -27 0 С. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 60 thousand rubles. per 1 ha |  |
| Friendship: Variety of joint breeding NIIViV (Bulgaria, Pleven) and VNIIViV them. Ya.I. Potapenko (Russia, Novocherkassk). It was obtained as a result of crossing the varieties Misket Kailyshki and (Zarya Severa x Muscat Hamburg). Authors of the variety: from Russia - I.A. Kostrikin, A.M. Aliev, B.A. Muzychenko; from Bulgaria - Jordan Ivanov, Vasil Valchev. It belongs to the universal varieties of early ripening. The duration of the production period is 120 - 125 days. Bunch medium (221g) or rather large (300-400g), berry large, round, amber-white. The taste is harmonious with a strong nutmeg aroma. Average yield: 80 kg / ha. The sugar content of the juice of berries is 194g / dm 3 with a titratable acidity of 7.4 g / dm 3. Frost resistance to minus 22 - 23 0 С, resistance to mildew 2.5, gray rot - 3, oidium - 3, phylloxera - 4 points. It is used both for fresh consumption and for the production of high-quality dry and sparkling muscat wines. |  |
| Muscat aksai. The variety was jointly bred by VNIIViV of the Russian Agricultural Academy (Russia, Novocherkassk) and NIIViV (Bulgaria, Pleven). Obtained by crossing the varieties Stepnyak and Misket Kailishki. Authors of the variety from Russia: I.A. Kostrikin, A.N. Maistrenko, L.A. Maistrenko, S.I. Agapova, L.A. Lychev; from Bulgaria: Jordan Ivanov, Vasil Valchev, Georgi Petkov. Ripening period is average, Bunch medium (267g) conical, medium density to dense. Berry average 1.8 g, round or slightly oval, amber-white. Resistant to frost, up to minus 25 0 С, mildew - 2.5 points, oidium - 3 points, tolerant to phylloxera -3.5 points, gray rot - 3 points. It is used for the preparation of high quality dry Muscat and sparkling wines. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 120 thousand rubles. per 1 hectare. |  |
| Platovsky . The variety was bred at VNIIViV of the Russian Agricultural Academy as a result of crossing the varieties Zala Dend and Podarok Magarach. Authors of the variety: I.A. Kostrikin, A.N. Maistrenko, S.I. Krasokhina, L.A. Lychev. Belongs to varieties of very early ripening Bunch medium (217g), cylindrical-conical, sometimes winged, medium density to loose. Berry small, rounded, yellow-white, in the sun with a pinkish barrel. The taste is simple, harmonious. The sugar content of the juice of berries is 213 g / dm 3 with a titratable acidity of 8.6 g / dm 3.). The variety is frost-resistant up to minus 28 0 С), resistant to fungal diseases. Mildew, oidium, gray rot are affected by 2.0 points, tolerant to phylloxera - 3.8 points. It is used for fresh consumption and the production of juices, dry and dessert wines. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 100 thousand rubles. per 1 ha |  |
| Gift : Obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute of Life Sciences of the Russian Agricultural Academy by crossing the Ferkal variety with a selection form from the family [Amurskiy × (Riparia × Tsinerea)]. Authors of the variety: I.N. Xian, M.A. Brezhnev. Resistance to fungal diseases 1.5-2.0 points, root phylloxera -1.0 points, leaf form is affected by 2.0 points. It grows well with varieties and forms of European-Amuro-American origin in table and green grafting. |  |
GRAPE VARIETIES IN STATE TEST
For the period from 2007 to 2010, 5 varieties of interspecific origin of the selection of GNU VNIIViV of the Russian Agricultural Academy were accepted for state testing: Zolotinka- (2007), Vesta (2008), In memory of Kostrikin, Atlant Don (2009), in memory of Smirnov and Tsimlyansky Sergienko (clone of the variety Tsimlyansky black) (2010).
| Atlant of the Don - white technical grade . Bred as a result of crossing the varieties SV-12-375 and Seedless Magaracha. Authors of the variety: Maistrenko A.N., Maistrenko L.A., Khimichev Yu.N., Chekmareva M.G., Yakovleva N.A. Late ripening, with resistance to mildew 2.5 points, oidium 2.0 points gray rot 1.5 points, frost up to minus 26 o C. Tasting assessment of dry wine material 7.6 points. Surpasses analogues in bunch weight, frost resistance, quality of wine, plasticity. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 120 thousand rubles. per 1 ha |  |
| Vesta - red technical grade . Bred as a result of complex crosses (Augusta × Amur) × (Magarach centaur × Levokumsky). Authors of the variety: Syan I.N., Matveeva N.V., Chekmareva M.G., Pavlyuchenko N.G., Brezhneva M.A., Arestova N.O. Early ripening, the degree of damage to the leaves by mildew is 1-1.5 points, the shoot is damaged by powdery mildew by 2.0 points, it is tolerant to phylloxera. Tasting assessment of young table wine - 7.6 points, dessert - 7.7 points. Surpasses analogues in frost resistance, resistance to the root form of phylloxera. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 80 thousand rubles. per 1 hectare. |  |
| Zolotinka - universal, white nutmeg variety . Bred as a result of crossing the varieties Frumoasa alba and Korinka russkaya. Authors of the variety: Kostrikin I.A., Maistrenko L.A., Maystrenko A.N., Krasokhina S.I. Early ripening with frost resistance minus 27 0 С, resistance to mildew - 2.5 points, mildew - 3.0 points, tasting assessment of fresh grapes - 8.6 points, dry wine material - 7.8 points. It surpasses analogs in frost resistance. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 120 thousand rubles per 1 hectare. |  |
| IN MEMORY OF KOSTRIKIN - table early variety . Bred as a result of crossing the varieties Biruintsa and Vostorg. Authors of the variety: Kostrikin I.A., Maistrenko L.A., Krasokhina S.I. Early ripening, large-grained with a bunch weight of 692 g on average, large-berry — with berries weighing 7-10 g, high transportability. The variety is quite winter-hardy, up to minus 25 ° C. Resistance to mildew 2.5 points, mildew 3.0 points, gray rot 1.0 points, phylloxera: root 4.5 points, leaf - 1.0 points. Tasting assessment of fresh grapes 8.5-8.9 points. It surpasses analogs in frost resistance in combination with disease resistance, large berries. The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 82 thousand rubles per 1 hectare. |  |
| In memory of Smirnov - seedless variety for table use, medium ripening . Bred as a result of crossing the varieties SV 12-375 and Kishmish Tairovsky. Authors of the variety: Maystrenko L.A., Maystrenko A.N. Yakovleva N.A., Kologrivaya R.V., Kurbanov Sh.Sh., Mezentseva L.N., Medyutova E.N. A variety of medium ripening. Bunches of large 450g, bright pink berry weighing 2.2 - 2.5 g. Rudiments of seeds in a berry 1-2, weighing 10-19 mg. Resistance to mildew 2 points, powdery mildew 1.5 points ¸ gray rot 1.5 points, frost up to minus 27 o C, tolerant to phylloxera. Tasting assessment of fresh grapes 8.2-8.5 points. Surpasses analogues in frost resistance combined with disease resistance . The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 200 thousand rubles per 1 hectare. |  |
| TSIMLYANSKY SERGIENKO Obtained as a result of clonal selection from the native Don variety Tsimlyanskiy black. Authors of the variety: Sergienko N.K., Pavlyuchenko N.G., Chekmareva M.G., Matveeva N.V. Technical variety of late ripening. Large bunches - 340 g, dark blue berry weighing 1.3 g. Resistance to mildew, oidium ¸ gray rot, frost at the level of the parental form. Tasting assessment of dry wine material 7.6 points. Surpasses analogue in yield - 60 c / ha .
The economic efficiency from the introduction of the variety is 60 thousand rubles per hectare. |  |
Grape varieties created in Novocherkassk
Tell us about the most notable achievements of the breeders of VNIIViV im. Ya. I. Potapenko in recent years.
One of the main areas of work of VNIIViV them. Ya. I. Potapenko is the improvement of the variety of grapes Russian Federation, which is solved by breeding new varieties by the method of interspecific hybridization, clonal selection of the main widespread and ancient varieties, the introduction of new varieties and clones from the countries of the near and far abroad... For this purpose, we at the Institute have collected a large ampelographic collection of varieties and G.F. grapes of various origins.
During the period of organization of the State Variety Testing (1958), VNIIViV scientists transferred 77 varieties for testing, including 52 interspecific hybrids.
The State Register of Breeding Achievements Permitted for Use includes 20 varieties of VNIIViV selection: canteens- Zorevoy, Belorozovy, Special, Heroic, Caramol, Don Agate, Delight, Rusmol ; technical- Bruskam, Grushevsky white, Cabernet northern, Saperavi northern, Stepnyak, Promoted, Floral, Early purple, Friendship, Platovsky; rootstock- Andros, Finist.
At the same time with practical work for the selection of grapes, the breeding process is being improved, in particular, methods of its acceleration are being developed, and new donors of resistance to frost and diseases are being searched for. Currently, the hybrid seedling stock at VNIIViV is about 20,000 plants of complex interspecific origin, in which the genomes of Vitis vinifera, Vitis amurensis and various American grape species are combined. The selection is carried out in five directions: the breeding of table, seedless, white technical, red technical and rootstock varieties with high productivity, good yield quality, resistance to major fungal diseases, winter hardiness, as well as a short growing season.
TABLE VARIETIES. Currently, programs are being developed: "Giant" to create varieties with a mass of berries of 15-20 g and more (recent achievements- new G.F. Valentina, Lancelot, Alexa, Ilya ; also very promising in this regard was the combination of crossing Vostorg x Frumoasa alba); "Pink Cloud"- breeding varieties with original form berries, mainly pink or red in color (recent advances- new G.F. Novocherkassky amethyst, Aladdin, Shiny, Duet ).
Harold [(Delight x Arcadia) x Summer Muscat], working code I V-6-5-pc. Ripening period G. f. very early (95-100 days), in the conditions of Novocherkassk, ripens at the end of July. The bushes are vigorous. The clusters are cylindrical-conical, large, 400-500 g, medium density and dense. Berries are oval, with a pointed tip, 24.1x19.7 mm, amber-yellow, with an average weight of 5-6 g. The pulp is fleshy and juicy. The taste is harmonious, with a light nutmeg aroma. Sugar content- 19-20 g / 100 cm3, acidity- 4-5 g / dm3. Ripening of shoots is good. Requires rationing with inflorescences, prone to crop overload. Fruitful shoots 75-80%. Fruiting rate- 1.5-1.6. Frost resistance is being studied. Resistant to mildew (3.0 points), powdery mildew (3.5 points), gray rot. Transportability is good.
Brilliant (Victoria x Original white), breeding number 11-13-4-14. The ripening period of this new G.F. very early, in Novocherkassk conditions ripens at the end of July. Condition as of August 4, 2006: sugar content- 18.4 g / 100 cm3, acidity- 6.7 g / dm3.
The results of overwintering in a covering culture in the winter of 2006: blossoming buds 60-70%, fruiting shoots 50-55%, fruiting coefficient- 1.0-1.1. Bushes of great vigor. Bunches of medium density, with an average weight of 668 g. Berries are oval, pink, in the shade of a bush they are poorly colored, with an average weight of 8.2 g. The pulp is fleshy and juicy, the skin is practically not felt. The taste is very pleasant, rather strong nutmeg aroma. High transportability. Tasting assessment of fresh grapes 8.9 points. Disease resistance and frost resistance are being studied.
SEEDLESS GRAPES
Purposeful selection of them at the Institute has been carried out since 1972. A model of a seedless variety has been developed, which includes such basic indicators as ripening of berries until August 20, sugar accumulation 20-24 g / 100 cm3 with an acidity of 4-6 g / dm3, productivity of at least 120 c / ha.
The resulting forms are considered by us as intermediaries for further selection. Part of them ( Rusbol, Kishmish Novocherkassky and Shayan ) with IV category of seedlessness pass the State Variety Test. Recent advances in this area: G.F. Elf (Rusball improved ) - transferred to the GSE in 2005; G.F. Assol .
13-10-10 pc (SV-12-375 x Kishmish Tairovsky pink). Working title Assol ... New seedless G.F. average ripening period, 130-135 days, CAT 2700-2800 ° C. In Novocherkassk, it ripens in the first half of September. Average vigor. The bunches are large, weighing 400-700 g, cylindrical-conical, of moderate density. Berries are small, weighing 2.5-3.0 g, 17.0 x 14.4 mm, elongated, with a pointed tip, pink, harmonious taste. The pulp is juicy. Seedlessness category II. Shoots ripen well (80%). The rooting rate of cuttings is high. Fruitful shoots 55-60%, fruiting rate- 0.6-1.0. Load with eyes 30-40 eyes per bush. The average yield is 3.2 kg per bush with a planting scheme of 3x0.5 m or 2.1-2.0 kg per 1 m2 of feeding area of the bush. Frost resistance up to- -24 ° C, mildew resistant- 3.0, powdery mildew- 2.5-3.0. Tasting evaluation of fresh grapes- 8.2, dried products- 7.8-8.0 points.
WHITE TECHNICAL GRADES. Our Institute has achieved the greatest success in breeding white technical interspecific hybrids. Originally, F2 hybrids were obtained from backcrosses of varieties Fragrant, Opponent, White, Northern Gyulabi and others with a frost resistance level of -23-24 ° C. Among them, a group of varieties stood out: Vydvizhenets, Stepnyak, Tsvetochny, which, according to long-term observations, subject to good level agricultural techniques can withstand frosts down to -27 ° C, and in 2006, a good harvest was obtained in the uncovered vineyards of these varieties. Currently, the last three varieties are included in the standard assortment of the Russian Federation and occupy an area of about 600 hectares.
Over the past ten years, the following varieties have been accepted for the State Variety Test: Muscat aksai. Platovsky, Pridonsky Muscat, Stanichny, Razdorsky white , promising G.F. Atlant Don, Station Wagon, Copper other.
A promising program "Muscat" has been developed with the aim of breeding varieties with high sugar accumulation, early ripening for obtaining liqueur, dessert and sparkling wines with a nutmeg aroma. The priority direction in this case will be selection for resistance to phylloxera, powdery mildew in combination with non-oxidizing wort, which provides harvester harvesting.
Stanichny (Flower x Hall dand). Accepted for State Variety Testing in 2002. Medium bunch, weight 240 g, cylindrical-conical, dense. Berry with an average weight of 1.8 g, roundish, light yellow. The skin is thin. The pulp is juicy. The taste is harmonious, simple. Ripens in the Lower Don region in mid-September, the production period is 141 days. Sugar content- 20 g / 100 cm3, acidity 8 g / dm3. The vigor of the bushes is average. The fruiting factor is 1.5. Yield- up to 200 kg / ha with a load of at least 20 shoots per bush and a feeding area of 4.5 m2. Has high resistance to mildew, increased resistance to powdery mildew. It is affected by gray rot when high humidity air during the ripening of berries. Requires 1-2 preventive treatments against powdery mildew and a complex of protective measures against gray rot. Tolerant to phylloxera. Withstands frosts down to -27 ° C, has a high regeneration capacity. The recommended planting pattern is 3x1.5 m. The shape of the bush is a two-armed cordon with a stem height of 1 m or a high-stemmed one. Load at least 40 eyes. Pruning is short, 3-4 eyes. With most rootstocks, the affinity is good. Rooting of cuttings in the school is high.
RED TECHNICAL VARIETIES. For a number of reasons, the Lower Don region, which is the northern zone of industrial wine growing, cannot be considered a typical zone for the production of red wines. Frequently observed late spring and early autumn frosts sharply reduce the growing season of red industrial varieties, as a result of which they do not always accumulate required amount extractives and do not have proper conditions. Three red technical varieties were zoned and highly appreciated by producers- Violet early, Saperavi northern and Cabernet northern, well adapted to the northern zone of industrial viticulture, high-yielding, suitable for the production of high-quality wines. The transfer of most of the Don's vineyards to a grafted crop allowed for an enhanced introduction of varieties, which are the latest achievements in domestic and foreign selection. As shown by a long study of them, almost all of them are inferior to the zoned varieties in terms of the degree of adaptation to the harsh conditions of the northern zone. However, their use in hybridization significantly increased the degree of saturation of hybrid forms with new resistance genes, including to phylloxera. The result of this stage of breeding work is six new red technical varieties transferred to the State Variety Test: August, Brown, Magic, Denisovsky, Violet, Evening, Black Pearl. Materials are being prepared for transfer to the GSE of the Sharm variety of a universal direction of use, with a bright nutmeg aroma.
Evening [(Tsimlyansky black NS SV 12-375) x (CB 12--309 NS Kazachka)]. In the State Register of Breeding Achievements, Approved for Use (GRSD), since 2002. The bunch is large, weighing 230 g, cylindrical-conical, of medium density. Berries are small and medium, weighing 1.7-1.9 g, roundish, black. The taste is harmonious. The pulp is juicy, the juice is not colored. Under the conditions of the Lower Don region, the technical maturity of berries occurs in mid-September. The production period is 140 days. Bushes of medium vigor. Fruiting rate- 1.2-1.4. Productivity 160 kg / ha with a 3x1 m planting scheme. Sugar content- 21-22%, acidity- 9.0 g / l. Winter hardiness- up to -26 0 С, suitable for cultivation in non-covering culture. Resistance to mildew and powdery mildew 1.5-2.0 points with 1-2 prophylactic sprays, to phylloxera- 3.5 points. Formation of bushes- two-armed cordon with a stem height of 1 m. The load on the bush is 20-25 eyes, pruning for 3-4 eyes. The rooting rate of cuttings is high, the fusion rate in the tabletop and green grafting with rootstocks is good. Used to prepare table red wines.
ROOT GRAPE VARIETIES
On the Lower Don, phylloxera was first noted in 1911, however, by observing strict quarantine measures, its spread was contained for half a century. Centers of vineyards affected by phylloxera began to appear around cities, mainly in summer cottages, in the mid-1950s, and in 1981 several districts of the region were assigned to the zone of partial phylloxera infestation. A collection of rootstocks of 75 varieties was established at the V.N. Ya.I. Potapenko in 1982
The study in the dynamics of the experiment of the main indicators of affinity (the safety of grafted bushes, the yield and its conditions) made it possible to select the most productive scion-rootstock pairs, to develop a method that allows culling obviously incompatible pairs, to select the rootstocks that are most adapted to the harsh conditions of the northern industrial zone of viticulture of the Russian Federation. The breeding work was aimed at obtaining rootstocks with a short growing season, with the beginning of vine ripening at the end of July, while in the Kober 5BB variety this process is observed in mid-August.- early September.
As a result of a comprehensive assessment, rootstock varieties Andros, Finist and Present were identified and introduced into the GRSD. They have an earlier and better ripening of shoots, frost resistance of the vine at the level of -28-29 0 С, yield of cuttings suitable for table grafting,- 70-80 thousand pieces per hectare. With green vaccination, they provide good harvest and the safety of grafted varieties. The next task in the selection of rootstocks is to increase their resistance to salts, lime and nematodes.
Gift [(obtained by hybridization of the Ferkal variety with form from FRG 5153-577 (V. ciper ea NS V. riparia)]. In the GRSD since 2003. The formed leaf is large, three-lobed, weakly dissected, with a bubbly, shiny surface and slightly overlapping lobes of the petiole notch. The flower is functionally feminine. The vine is light brown, pubescent. Ripening of the vine begins at the end of July, the degree of its ripeness is high- 85-88%. Bushes of medium vigor. The ability of Present to form stepchildren is weak, which positively distinguishes it from the Ferkal variety. More technological, needs 1-2 pinching during the growing season. The output of standard cuttings in the conditions of Novocherkassk- 85-90 thousand pieces per 1 ha with a planting scheme of 3x1.5 m. Frost resistance of buds and vines is high (-28 0 С), resistance to fungal diseases 1.5-2.0 points, to the root and leaf form of phylloxera- 1.0 point Chlorose resistance is significantly higher than that of the control variety PP 101-14. Fusion with scion varieties in green and table grafting is good, at the level of PP 101-14.
TOTAL of breeding work VNIIViV them. Ya.I. Potapenko- not only replenishment of the whole range of grapes North Caucasus region, but also the promotion of new varieties to the north- before Ural mountains and so on. New grape varieties of complex interspecific origin are very close in yield and production quality to traditional European varieties, but more profitable due to their ecological and biological plasticity, which made it possible to take the first steps towards introducing grape culture in the northern regions.
Svetlana Ivanovna, what varieties and in what time frame can you buy from you?
We grow about 150 varieties of self-rooted grape seedlings and about 60 varieties - grafted. WITH complete list The varieties we offer for sale can be found on the website www.vine.com.ua
Usual implementation timeline: October- mid November and mid March- April.
Svetlana Ivanovna Krasokhina , candidate of agricultural sciences. Sciences (VNIIViV named after Ya.I. Potapenko) Novocherkassk, Russia
(Summer resident # 10, 11, 2006)
Other materials about the cultivation of grapes, including in non-traditional areas, about its varieties and agricultural techniques can be found in the section
Summer trip to the vineyards 2010 Puzenko Natalia
In the summer of 2010, on the 20th of August, I was visiting winegrowers, at the Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking, at a friendly meeting with the national breeder V.U. Kapelyushny. Let me remind you that in summer the temperature in the regions was much higher than usual and reached +47 in the shade. How did the grape varieties, GF of national breeders behave in such weather? Have you survived? This question was very interesting to me. By processing the data sent by our vine growers from different regions of the country, I came to the conclusion that the grapes ripened about two weeks earlier than usual, which means that I was ready for the fact that the very early and early varieties I can no longer see. Please take into account when viewing that all photos were taken on August 15-20.
Of course, the most important thing is the taste of the berry, but we all have different tastes and therefore, everything that concerns my personal taste impressions I will describe on the forum.
Best regards, Natalia Puzenko.
Exhibition of grapes "Grapes without borders - 2010" ME AND. Potapenko
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The institute's table varieties were displayed modestly, without those novelties about which there is talk - there was no Harold, Galahad, Shiny, Aladdin ..... Technical varieties were presented more widely. Among them were the forms that I liked taste, by the size of the brushes ..
Table forms and grape varieties from amateurs were presented much more varied. The exhibition table of Krainova (presented by Olga Krainova) pleased with the size and quality, the exhibitions of Klyuchikov, Vasilchenko, Nevzorov were well represented. Clusters of grapes lay on separate plates, signed, beautiful as in a parade. Honestly, all the exhibits were carefully selected and it was clear that people tried to exhibit the best and the most beautiful.
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Evgeny Pavlovsky came to the exhibition - he was asked a lot of questions about his new forms. He patiently explained and told us the nuances of his forms, how they behave in his area and the reasons why they may fail. He said that he had acquired land and would lay a plot there to demonstrate his forms. In the main areas of selection, he identified the creation of early and very early large-fruited forms. I really wanted to talk to him longer, but there was little time. Pavlovsky did not exhibit his forms at the exhibition, although many would be very interested. At the end of the exhibition there were also prizes - they were awarded for the most beautiful brushes at the exhibition - everyone whose bunch took pride of place went out and received a diploma and wine as a gift from the deputy Director of the Institute Maystrenko A.N. and the initiator of the exhibition Govorukhin V.A.
The exhibition sold books, oak barrels, devices for obtaining wine, growth stimulants.
Then everyone went to Assembly Hall institute. I must say that this is a huge hall, built in times of conscience, so solemn and grandiose. The conference began at which the staff of the institute and winegrowers spoke. The conversation was about the production of wines, the selection of grapes, the problems of protection and agricultural technology were discussed. Whenever possible, answers were given to the questions asked. Some questions will be answered on the Institute's website, since the questions were very global and it was impossible to explain them in a nutshell. At the end of the conference, Maistrenko A.N. said that the institute is meeting amateurs halfway and everyone can now, after this meeting, go to the institute and ask the specialist his own question - they will answer him !!! This is great! May God grant him good health if he can do this and the masses of amateurs will be able to get an answer to their question, even if not within the walls of the institute, but on the institute's website - this will already be a big breakthrough in viticulture.
After the end of the conference, everyone was invited to a wine tasting. The first thing that struck me was the tasting room. Just extraordinary fabulous beauty! All walls of the hall are decorated with stucco, chairs, tables are decorated with wood carvings! The ceiling of the hall is decorated with beautiful paintings. There are beautiful stained-glass windows in the openings. The hall was made a long time ago, and carving masters from Samarkand and Bukhara were invited to decorate it. 
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Wine tasting began - we were offered 11 wines. We tried dry whites and reds, sparkling and dessert ones. There was even wine brought by our farmer Dmitry Gusev from Dubovka! Before the tasting, they explained to us how to taste the wine, what marks are given during the tasting. But we all have different tastes and the wines were very good and it was hard to decide which one was more like it.
Maystrenko A.N. supervised the entire tasting, telling in great detail about the varieties from which we tasted wine, about the nuances of winemaking and it was clear that he tried very hard to tell clearly and simply for those who were in the hall, realizing that not all of them are winemakers and can appreciate the quality of wine ...
This is how the first exhibition of grapes took place with the participation of one of the leading research institutes of our country.
Rostov region is one of the most northern regions world suitable for industrial viticulture. Sufficiently "harsh" climatic conditions dictate a special approach to the cultivation of vines, a covering method of cultivation is practiced here, and local varieties tolerate frosts better than their thermophilic counterparts. One of the key links in the industry, which plays an important role not only in the Rostov region, but throughout Russia, is the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after V. Ya.B. Potapenko is a branch of the state budgetary scientific institution "Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center", located in the city of Novocherkassk.
The Institute was founded in 1936 on the basis of the “Laboratory of Winemaking and Agriculture».
From the founding of the institute to the present, researchers have been paying great attention to the selection of frost-resistant varieties, trying to get viable plants both with a covering method of viticulture, and with a non-covering method of growing. Wherein a prerequisite for table grape varieties it is the presence of high commercial characteristics of the crop, for technical ones - suitability for the production of high-quality wines. Today, the State Register of Breeding Achievements includes 35 grape varieties of various directions of use of the VNIIViV selection. The varieties of the Institute Vostorg, Talisman, Severny Saperavi, Stepnyak, Platovsky, Tsvetochny and others are popular with grape and wine producers not only in Russia, but also abroad.
The institute bears the name of the great scientist, winegrower breeder Yakov Ivanovich Potapenko, who headed VNIIViV for 20 years. Its scientific heritage consists of 50 varieties of grapes, numerous works on selection, physiology, agricultural technology and ecology of grapes, which form the basis of the modern research activities of the Institute. Yakov Ivanovich's brother, Alexander Ivanovich Potapenko, also a well-known breeder, devoted his life to breeding frost-resistant varieties based on wild Amur grapes.
We talked with Veronika Evgenievna Andreeva (BEA), director of VNIIViV, and Lyudmila Alekseevna Maistrenko (LAM), leading researcher and head of the grape selection laboratory.
- Lyudmila Alekseevna, tell us about the hybrid varieties obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after V.I. I. B. Potapenko.
LAM: - Our most famous variety Saperavi northern, which is in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use since 1965, was bred in 1947 by Yakov Ivanovich Potapenko, Ivan Pavlovich Potapenko and Elena Ivanovna Zakharova from crossing varieties Northern Michurin selection and Georgian Sapera high frost resistance. Northern Saperavi is used to make table and dessert wines with richness, extractiveness and intense color... By the way, red varieties, which have interspecific hybrids and "Amur blood" as parents, contain a large amount of the antioxidant resveratrol, which is often called the elixir of youth.
The most widespread are our varieties Stepnyak and Tsvetochny, the main author of which is Yakov Ivanovich Potapenko. The flower withstood frost down to minus 30 degrees and is highly resistant to diseases. The Floral is a white variety with a strong floral-nutmeg aroma that is sometimes obtrusive in its pure form. But it is enough to buy up 5% of the Floral with wine with a neutral aroma to get a light Muscat wine, which is in great demand among the consumer.
The first patented variety was Platovsky, which is a hybrid of European-American origin. It was bred as a result of crossing the Hungarian variety Zala dendy with the Crimean variety Podarok Magarach. We received a patent for it in 2002, several licenses were sold to use the variety, the vines were purchased by the Bolshevik state farm from the Stavropol Territory, Fanogoria, Agrofirma Yuzhnaya, OJSC Yuzhno - Tsimlyansky. The variety has many advantages: a very early ripening period (the duration of the production period - from the beginning of budding to technological maturity is only 110-115 days), the ability to high sugar accumulation, high stability to frost and disease, high quality wine.
Recently, in the Rostov region, Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory, the red technical grade Denisovsky is gaining popularity. It was created a long time ago, even during the reign of Yakov Ivanovich, and the institute did not file a patent for it. This variety has interesting story, it turned out to be lost, but it was found in an "admixture" to another variety and transferred to State trials. Differs in frost resistance, early date ripening (late August - early September), high sugar accumulation. Wines from Denisovskoye are prepared both light ruby in color with infusion on the pulp, and without infusion - "white", many like their taste.
Of the last varieties that have yet to gain recognition, Atlant Don can be distinguished from the crossing of Villar Blanc and the Seedless Magaracha variety. It is of European-American origin, withstands frost down to minus 25 degrees. Characteristic feature varieties are a very large bunch, which greatly facilitates manual cleaning... 3-4 bunches are enough to fill a bucket.
It is worth considering that the cost of grapes from an interspecific variety is lower, because less costs for chemicals are required, they do not need to be covered for the winter, and the company is guaranteed a stable harvest. The harvest is used for juices, ordinary wines for an ordinary buyer.
Of course, the future of the Rostov region lies not only with hybrids, we have Don autochthons. Since the 1980s. experts from leading research institutes recommend planting 50-70% of European and 30-50% varieties of interspecific origin.
- What are the prospects for working with autochthonous varieties?
LAM: - The varieties Tsimlyansky black, Krasnostop Zolotovsky and Sibirkovy have already been promoted. It is necessary to revive Pukhlyakovsky white, Kumshatsky white, Kosorotovsky, Varyushkin and other old Don varieties that produce exclusive wines.
The Institute of Viticulture at the Yuzhno-Tsimlyanskoye LLC has done a lot of work on autochthonous varieties, which was financed 50% by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Rostov Region. We were able to establish a collection of 16 autochthonous varieties by grafting, and multiplied up to 1,500 Kumshatsky white bushes and 600 bushes Mushketny variety.
Kumshatskiy whites are now being dealt with by the farm of Yuri Malik and Vina Bani. The planting of the variety has reached 15 hectares, and it can be transferred for inclusion in the state register (according to the law, the site must be at least 2 hectares). You have to work with the rest of the varieties. Now "Fanagoria" is engaged in the reproduction of autochthonous varieties, including they managed to revive the old Don autochthon Varyushkin. In the past, the Cossacks used Varyushkin and Tsimlyansky black for the production of quality wines.
"Vedernikov Winery" has entered the international level and receives prestigious awards for its Krasnostop Zolotovsky. Unfortunately, our interspecific varieties are not cultivated on the farm. But we will definitely meet with the management of the farm to persuade them to multiply our varieties, because they produce "Governor's Red" from Golubok, but it is of Ukrainian selection.
- Who and how gives the name to new varieties?
LAM: - The names for the variety are given by the breeders themselves. Since we are doing collective work, we come up with a name for the whole team. Of course, the main breeder has the first vote, but if he could not offer anything, then we all sit down and begin to express our ideas.
The Emerald variety, which was submitted for state testing last year, was named by the technologists, because the color of the tasting samples had a greenish-emerald hue. It happens that the name is very difficult to come up with, because it should not be repeated anywhere. Now it is possible to assign a name to the variety that was not previously used in viticulture. And in the 1990s, when the first edition of the law was published, it was generally impossible to call the variety by the name that is found in other agricultural crops, for example, in vegetable growing and horticulture.
There was such a precedent: our table variety Delight was refused registration under own name, because under this name there is a sweet cherry, so it was simply assigned a certain set of numbers. Over time, the law was revised. This year we will transfer the Mugofir variety, created to replace Violet Early, for state trials. Its name is based on the first syllables of the parental forms and stands for Golodrigi Muscat in Early Violet.
- Does the institute receive profits for new varieties used in agriculture?
LAM: - Due to the imperfection of the legislation, we do not receive any remuneration. There is no regulatory body that would monitor the illegal distribution of the variety, so patented varieties are multiplied without any consideration, especially farms. The certificate of conformity of the variety, which is issued by the seed inspection, is only needed at the buyer's request. Enterprises and farms that have vineyards with our patented varieties can sell planting material only after acquiring a license for these varieties.
- Does the institute deal with ampelography?
LAM: - Our institute has a special department that deals with ampelography. The duties of the staff include the study and preservation of the gene pool of the collection, which now has more than 800 varieties. The main task is to preserve the Don autochthons. Most of the collection consists of autochthonous Dagestan varieties, there are also Crimean and Astrakhan varieties. Now we have received five varieties of Amur grapes from China, and so far they are in the greenhouse. Soon we will transplant them and transfer them to the biotechnology laboratory for preservation in culture. ... In addition to the fact that the Institute of Viticulture maintains a collection in the field, employees are engaged in the preservation of varieties in a test tube state, for which technologies have been developed long-term storage... This unique method was developed at our institute, and it is of interest to our foreign colleagues.
The third option for conservation is to plant the collection on sandy soils.
- The name of his brother Yakov Ivanovich is immortalized in the Amur Potapenko variety. Tell us about it.
LAM: - The Amurskiy Potapenko variety was bred by Alexander Ivanovich Potapenko, who last years spent his life in Volgograd. At one time, Alexander Ivanovich worked at the institute, he was engaged in Amur grapes and the preservation of the gene pool. Amur blood gives new varieties frost resistance and tolerance to mildew (downy mildew). But the Amur grapes themselves are not resistant to phylloxera, so we started to lose our collection of Amur grapes.
According to the theory of Alexander Ivanovich, phylloxera should die at low temperatures, so he moved the collection to the north of the Rostov region to the village of Veshenskaya, because the temperature there drops below 30 degrees, and the soil freezes deeper. Unfortunately, the move did not save the plants, the phylloxera went deeper, and the collection began to die. The scientist, without abandoning his own theory, transported the vines to the Orenburg experimental station, which was then the site of our institute. Alexander Ivanovich Potapenko long years worked in the Orenburg region, but then he moved to live in the Volgograd region, taking the collection with him. There, at first, he worked in the Volgograd branch of the Research Institute of Land Reclamation, and in the 1990s he created his own small peasant farm, where, together with the father of the now famous winemaker Dmitry Gusev, he took up open viticulture.
There appeared Zolotoy Potapenko, Amursky Potapenko, Potapenko 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Okudzhava, five of them were included in the State Register.
After the death of the breeder, the family stopped supporting the varieties in the state register, the collection was not transferred to our institute to preserve the gene pool, and thus the scientist's legacy is preserved only by amateur gardeners. It is possible that in the future everything will be lost.
- Who can become a breeder?
LAM: - Now the interest of ordinary people in the selection of grapes is felt. At one time, our institute held free courses lectures organized by Ivan Alexandrovich Kostrikin. Often amateurs come to us and tell us what "masterpiece" they have created. More recently, at an exhibition, a man showed us three forms from one combination of crossing and proudly called them new varieties. But to create a variety you need long time, the variety must undergo agrotechnical and technological testing for at least 5 years of fruiting, or even more before being transferred to the State test. On state variety testing plots in different regions, the variety is tested for suitability for cultivation and for DUS (uniformity, distinctness and stability). And only at the conclusion of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "State Sort Commission" the variety is included in the State Register and receives a "start in life."
In Novocherkassk, private breeders of grapes - Viktor Krainov and Vasily Kapelyushny became famous, and in Novoshakhtinsk - Evgeny Pavlovsky. Now the entire Internet is replete with descriptions of their varieties.
To perpetuate the memory loved one, the Krainov family applied to our institute. And now six table varieties, the most popular among winegrowers, are included in the State Register: Transfiguration, Anniversary of Novocherkassk, Gourmet Krainova, Bogotyanovsky, Nizina, Anyuta (authors V.N.Krainov, I.A.Kostrikin, etc.).
From amateur selection, Yuri Chuguev was engaged in technical varieties in the Smolensk region, who, on the basis of Amur grapes, created frost-resistant early ripening varieties for his latitudes. In our zone in industrial viticulture, they may not go due to low heat resistance, but it is necessary to check.
- Veronika Evgenievna, what happens after the variety is bred and the first harvest is obtained?
BEA: - The grapes of the tested variety after ripening in a very small amount from 3 to 5 kg goes to the wine laboratory, where we get the wine, in order to understand the possibilities of the variety, whether it is suitable for further research. All wines are made according to the same classical technology for dry white and red wines, respectively. After the wine has matured, working tastings begin at the end of February, during which the commission of our institute evaluates its quality.
Often, wine samples turn out to be completely unsuccessful, because they do not show the properties that were expected of them. For example, there are red or brown shades in the color, there is no clear expressiveness. The breeders themselves decide what to do with these varieties in the future, it is not the responsibility of the winemaker.
Cultivars that have received positive marks for wine will be multiplied to test for a more thorough assessment of yield and organoleptic properties. Wines that show stable results are put on aging in order to see the dynamics of the development of taste and color, to assess the potential of the variety. We are also experimenting with different yeast strains. This helps to open up the variety, but in this case the influence of the yeast is not so strong, much quality is more important grapes for processing and terroir. However, some strains help preserve the color of the wine or retain the flavor profile.
The fate of the variety is determined by the tasting committee. At first, the forms are simply assigned numbers; in the future, those that will go to state tests will be named. At each stage, the tasting commission increases, we invite breeders, agricultural technicians and plant protection specialists.
- In which of the new varieties do you see potential?
BEA: - Now of the new varieties, Augusta has the highest potential, which is included in the state register. The variety has not yet been propagated for industrial winemaking. From the Augusta variety, chic dessert and liqueur wines are obtained, because it picks up sugar well and has a wide range of aromas, where tea rose and violet are present. A variety with a rich ruby color and quite tannin. It is important that during exposure it does not lose its original characteristics. The richness of aromas is supported by the richness of the taste. It can also be used to make interesting dry wines.
All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after V.I. Ya.I. Potapenko (VNIIViV, pr. Baklanovsky, 166). Leading research institution in Russia for the cultivation and processing of grapes.
After graduation civil war the activities of the laboratory grew into research and in 1931 on its basis the Donskoy enlarged stronghold was created, which was transformed in 1935 into the Donskoy experimental station of viticulture and winemaking. In March 1936, on the initiative of the President of the All-Union Agricultural Academy, Academician N.I. Vavilov, by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, on the basis of the experimental station, the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking was created with a large network of reference points and experimental stations. The location of the institute in Novocherkassk, at that time a large wine-making region of Russia, was associated with the solution of the problem of promoting the zone of industrial grape culture to the north of the country.
V pre-war period prominent scientists, winegrowers and winemakers A.S. Merzhanian, G.G. Agabalyants, P.N. Unguryan, P.V. Ivanov, N.P.Buzin, V.P. I. Potapenko, E. I. Zakharova, V. A. Lazarevsky, A. D. Lukyanov, P. K. Dyuzhev.
Nowadays VNIIViV consists of 12 scientific subdivisions, an experimental field, strong points in Budennovsk (Stavropol Territory), Tsimlyansk, Pukhlyakovsky and Ogiba farms in Rostov Region, experimental production workshops. The Institute's activities are aimed at identifying new potential areas for grape culture, assessing natural and economic conditions, developing scientifically based proposals for the development of viticulture. New systems for the management of industrial vineyards, a complex of agrotechnical measures, methods of accelerated cultivation of planting material are being developed, the assortment of plantings is being determined. Wine production technologies are being developed for new varieties.
A significant contribution to science and the development of production was made by the now working Honored Scientist Sh. N. Huseynov, Honored Workers of the village. NS. B.A. Muzychenko, I.A. ... Thanks to the efforts of scientists, varieties of a new type have been created, resistant to frosts of minus 25-27 ° C, the main diseases and pests, which allowed the viticulture of the RSFSR to move to a non-sheltering culture. The given development of Ya. I. Potapenko, EI Zakharova in 1951 became laureates of the Stalin Prize.
For the creation and widespread introduction into production of a system for maintaining and forming bushes of grapes, a complex of soil-cultivating machines and devices, as well as machines for sheltering and opening bushes, the village of agricultural n. E. I. Zakharova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences n. Ya.I. Potapenko, Ph.D. A. T. Vorontsov, engineers Ch. S. Tolochko and A. A. Kovalev were awarded the State Prize (1971).
For the development and implementation of an ecological-adaptive system of viticulture in the Russian Federation in 2002, Sh. N. Guseinov, I. A. Kostrikin and B. A. Muzychenko, as part of a team of co-authors, were awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation.
New table and technical grape varieties and wines from them were awarded international competitions and exhibitions of 39 gold, 37 silver and 2 bronze medals, a number of certificates of honor and diplomas. 178 developments of VNIIViV are protected by copyright certificates and patents. Postgraduate studies have been successfully working for more than 50 years. It trained 158 people, more than half of them defended their dissertations.
Scientists of the institute are connected by creative cooperation and friendship with colleagues from neighboring countries, as well as Bulgaria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Germany, and the Czech Republic. They lead long-term Scientific research, exchange of methodological developments.
In the postwar years, VNIIViV was headed by: candidate of agricultural sciences. n. B. A. Grinenko (1944-47), Ph.D. n. FF Kirillov (1948-54), Doctor of Agricultural Sciences n. Ya.I. Potapenko (1954-73), Ph.D. n. B. A. Muzychenko (1973-2001). Since September 2001, the director has been Candidate of Agricultural Sciences. n. L. V. Kravchenko.
In 1975 the institute was named after Ya. I. Potapenko, D.Sc.-kh. D., professor, twice laureate State Prize, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR.