Like any fruit plant the pear must be prepared for winter conditions.
What to do when preparing a pear for winter
When preparing pears for the winter period, preliminarily you need to collect all the rotten fruits from the tree and from the ground under it, cut dry lifeless branches.
Then process the crown and trunk with a 5% solution of urea from scab.
An important circumstance for the successful wintering of a pear is the cleaning of the trunk from diseases and the healing of the wounds that have appeared. Damaged and painful areas of the tree are cleaned to healthy wood, treated with a solution of copper sulfate, and covered with garden var.
The roots of a pear are more susceptible to frost than, for example, of an apple tree, so the soil should be moistened. This is especially important if the fall is dry.
In order to better endure the winter, and in the spring to gain strength faster for flowering and fruiting, the pear needs in fertilizing.
Winter hardiness, thus, increases significantly even for young seedlings.
If the tree trunks have been covered with organic matter, the remains should be removed or replaced with other material. Just do not use chopped straw for this purpose - mice are very fond of settling in it.
The next stage of pre-winter pear preparation is pruning... In the fall, remove all dried and damaged branches - they still will not bear fruit for next year... Then they spray the trunk and the entire crown from the scab. It is safest to use for this purpose not widely advertised pesticides, but the usual five percent urea solution.
It is equally important for successful wintering and free the bark from painful growths, to heal the wounds formed over the summer. To do this, they are cleaned to healthy tissue, washed using a solution of copper sulfate as an antiseptic, and treated with garden varnish.
In order to increase the frost resistance of the pear and stimulate the ripening of wood, it is advisable in the fall apply phosphorus and potash fertilizers under it.
Preparations containing a large amount of nitrogen should not be used at this time. It provokes the untimely growth of new shoots, which will probably freeze in winter. This is especially important if the trees gave big harvest and weakened.
For every square meter a weed-cleared trunk circle will require a tablespoon of potassium sulfate and the same amount of superphosphate. They are laid in special holes, up to 20 cm deep, which are then watered and covered with water.
Timely feeding can significantly increase the winter hardiness of even the youngest seedlings. In addition, practice shows that trees fed in autumn bloom faster in spring and bear fruit better.
If the autumn is dry, the pear will need water-charging watering - with a lack of water in the soil, the trees are much more difficult to tolerate severe frosts. This is especially noticeable after a hot and dry summer. Under each adult tree, you need to pour up to a hundred buckets of water.
In addition to insect pests, pear trees also have one more formidable enemy - rodents... Hares and mice love to feast on young bark and tender wood in winter.
To get rid of this misfortune, you need to wrap the trunks with some kind of protective material. It can be an ordinary burlap, spruce branches or a special cover made of fine-mesh plastic mesh.
Or you can simply coat the bark with a talker, consisting of clay and mullein. It is easy to make it yourself: mix one part of clay and one mullein, dilute with water until about the thickness of sour cream. The result is a kind of "whitewashing" for trunks with a sharp unpleasant odor, which scares away uninvited guests.
How and what to cover a pear
You will need:
- Brushwood
- Planks
- Cargo
- Hooks, sticks and poles
1 Such heat-loving trees as pears require particularly careful protection from frost and cold in winter. Since the pear belongs to the stanza type of trees, its trunk must be carefully sheltered from snow and winter cold. It is necessary to start preparing a pear for wintering already in October, with the appearance of the first cold nights.
2 In mid-October it is necessary to remove the coasters from the pear. Keep the branches as close to the ground as possible. On top of the branches of the pear, you can put a load so that it bends them closer to the surface of the earth. This can be, for example, sand poured into garden boxes. How to cover a pear for the winter? Vegetable tops can also be used as a worthy alternative.
3 It must be placed on the branches with a middle layer and covered with earth on top. To make the branches bend better, you can bring sticks or stakes under them, drive special hooks into the ground, which will pick up the stakes and press the branches to the ground more thoroughly. Thinking about how to prepare a pear for winter, we must not forget that the first snow will be an excellent blanket for a pear.
4 But so that this blanket is not cold, you need to sprinkle pear branches with tops and small brushwood. When dropped enough snow, it is taken from all over the site to cover the lowered pear branches with it. For the whole winter, the pear should remain in a snowy shelter. But vertical branches that have not been cut do not need to be covered. Shelters are removed from trees in spring, when quite warm days come.
5 A good idea - grow a dwarf pear stock. IN last years many gardeners began to plant on their household plots such wonderful trees. But you shouldn't consider this tiny tree useless. Firstly, they tolerate the cold better, and secondly, they bear fruit no worse than their tall counterparts. But they must be covered with snow in winter, since their roots are not particularly frost-resistant.
The pear is considered by gardeners to be a more capricious tree than, for example, an apple tree. Therefore, in preparation for winter, she has to pay more attention. But with good care and following all the rules of cultivation, it may well give a crop even in areas of risky farming ..
Pay attention to this:
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The pear is a very delicate plant that requires regular and careful maintenance. In particular, this applies to the autumn period and preparation for winter.
Since many varieties of pears are poorly tolerated low temperatures, autumn care must be especially literate, taking into account all the important points.
We care for the soil correctly
Good and fertile soil is one of the most important components that provide tree strength and yield... Soil care is most often carried out in the spring. After all, if you apply fertilizer to the ground, the tree will begin to grow, and not fall asleep before winter. However, many gardeners are inclined to feed the tree in the fall not for growth, but in order to help it successfully survive the harsh winter.
What fertilizers should be applied in the fall?
So that the frost is not so terrible for the tree, in autumn they feed the pearfertilizers such as potassium sulfate and superphosphate. Fertilizing is in a ditch dug around the tree trunk. The depth of such a ditch should be about 20 centimeters, which will speed up the delivery of minerals to the pear roots. The amount of fertilizer should not exceed one tablespoon per square meter of ditch.
In addition, many gardeners, just before the very frosts, cover the moat around the trunk of a pear, mixed with peat with humus. However, you need to lay it at such a time that all nutritious and necessary for a tree substances got to the roots only in the spring.
We provide the tree with oxygen
In order for a sufficient amount of oxygen to flow to the roots of the tree during a long winter period, it is worth in the fall thoroughly dig up and loosen the ground... This should be done directly around the tree trunk, retreating in diameter by about 1 meter.
This procedure is also useful so that under a dense layer of snow and, possibly, ice, the earth during the winter does not have time to become very compacted and damage the roots.
Caring for a pear in the fall includes pruning
Many people ask the question "is it possible to prune a pear in the fall?" Trim trees in the fall in most cases not recommended... The reason for this position is risk of frostbite cut branches. However, many gardeners still resort to similar actions, since it is autumn pruning contributes to the formation of the correct shape of the tree, the abundance of the harvest and makes it convenient to harvest.
After pruning, the branches should be treated with garden varnish or another solution that will protect the "wound" from infection. The cut branches are burned, since they can store various pests.
How to properly protect a pear during cold periods?
Sun protection
In order that after leaving the state of winter calmness, the bark of trees does not suffer from abundant sunlight, you should trunk wood whitewash... Whitewashing can be used both purchased in the store and made independently (we mix 1.5 kilograms of clay and 2-2.5 kilograms of lime per bucket of water). It is necessary to apply whitewashing from the lower branches to the bottom of the trunk. If you care for a seedling, it can be whitened completely.
We increase the winter hardiness of the pear
As stated above, before the onset of cold weather and frost is recommended carefully dig up and water the earth around the trunk of the pear. After that, the land is covered with humus mixed with peat, or with simple sawdust. The thickness of the mulch layer should be about 15-25 centimeters, which will reliably protect the roots.
In winter, snow also protects the tree from frost, therefore, if the winter turns out to be little snow, try to scoop up the snow to the tree trunk yourself.
We fight pests
In autumn and winter, various pestswho wish to feast on delicious pear roots and bark. To fight with them should wrap a tree trunk barbed wire or spruce branches.
Burning fallen leaves and pruned branches will help fight various diseases. Also, whitewashing will positively affect the immunity of the pear in the fall.
How to prepare a tree for winter?
Deserve special attention in preparation for winter young trees and seedlingsas they are easiest to may suffer from frost.
Experienced gardeners before winter link branches young tree together. This allows save their from the risk of damagefrom the frosty winter wind. The tree trunk itself is tied to a peg stuck at its base in order to also protect it from strong winds. Sometimes, each branch of the tree is tied to separate pegs.
Gardeners consider the pear to be a capricious tree, so it must be carefully prepared for winter, with maximum attention and patience. For such an attitude towards herself, she will definitely reward good harvest in the coming warm season. The preparation of this fruit tree for winter consists of several main stages.
Site cleaning
Cleaning begins by collecting all the fruits remaining on the branches and under the tree. It is imperative to clear the area from volunteers, fallen leaves, mulch. All this stuff can be fine organic fertilizer after a special procedure and a certain time interval. If you leave all this in the area between the trees, then there is a danger of a large number of pests and various infectious diseases.
After cleaning the garden area, it is recommended to renew the mulch layer in the pear tree trunks. Any organic matter, except chopped straw, can be used for these purposes, as it can become an attractive habitat for field mice.
Pruning
After thorough cleaning, you can proceed to pruning fruit trees. Autumn is a good time to remove all damaged and dead branches that will no longer bring any benefit to the culture and will not be able to bear fruit in the new season.
Preventive measures
Scab - fungal diseasethat infects leaves and fruits. You can protect the pear from it with the help of a preventive autumn spraying urea solution (5%) or special chemicals... It is necessary to spray the entire crown of the tree and its trunk.
If painful growths have formed on the bark of a pear, then they need to be cleaned, washed with an antiseptic solution (for example, copper sulfate), and then process the cleaned areas with garden pitch.
Top dressing containing phosphorus and potassium, introduced in autumn period, will help to increase the frost resistance of the pear and stimulate its wood to ripen. But it is not recommended to use nitrogen-containing fertilizers in autumn, since nitrogen promotes the appearance of new shoots, and they simply will not survive the winter period. For weakened trees, this top dressing will only do harm.
Timely application of fertilizer to the near-stem circles of fruit trees helps them start flowering a little faster and bring bountiful high-quality harvests.
For each fruit tree, in particular for the pear, a mixture of superphosphate and potassium sulfate fertilizers is recommended. One square meter land plot you will need one tablespoon of each drug. This dry mixture must be poured into prepared holes (about 20 cm deep), watered abundantly and covered with soil.
Watering
Abundant watering is especially necessary for trees before wintering, if the summer was dry and hot, and autumn - with minimal rainfall. Each adult pear should receive about one hundred buckets of water.
Pest control
Harmful insects mainly harm trees in the spring and summer period, but in winter, mice and hares love to feast on the tender and tasty bark of pears. After their "meal" the trees get sick and may die. The most reliable protective material against rodents is spruce branches, plastic mesh with small cells, burlap or a specially prepared mixture for coating the trunks of fruit trees. The composition of the deterrent mixture: water and equal proportions of mullein and clay. A thick "whitewash" is applied to the trunks of pears and frightens off uninvited visitors with its unpleasant, pungent aroma.
How to properly prepare fruit trees for winter (video)
Pear on garden plot considered the queen of the garden, and for good reason. It requires special attention and appropriate care. This is especially important in autumn and winter, when the tree needs additional heat. For more information on how to insulate a pear for the winter, read our article today.
The pear is a more thermophilic plant than the same apple tree. Therefore, the climate conditions Russian Federationespecially middle lane and northern regions, require special attention to insulation pear tree... It is very important to carefully cover young pears for the winter. The roots of the plant are still too weak to support the life of the tree in winter.
Older trees need less insulation. If you do not approach the issue of insulation responsibly, the pear may simply not survive the winter. That is why all those who are interested in growing such a crop should know how to prepare a pear for the cold winter.
Video "Preparation for wintering a pear seedling"
In this video, you will learn how to prepare a pear seedling for the winter period.
Work order
Before doing insulation, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional work:
- Foliage cleaning. In fact, this point is quite controversial. Some argue that fallen foliage becomes an excellent way of warming and advise leaving it on the trunk circle. Others recommend removing the leaves, since various pests can be found among them, which during winter period can climb into the trunk, branches or root system tree and carry any infection.
- Autumn pruning of pears. This simple process allows you to get rid of damaged branches in advance and facilitate the work of the root system of the tree. In addition, you can cut off improperly growing shoots. Usually, pruning is done two or three weeks before the first cold weather. It is imperative that all trimmed places must be treated with special solutions so that the tree can survive the winter without consequences.
- Carrying out tree feeding. Top dressing is introduced in the form of additional fertilizers, as well as abundant watering before the warming process. Thanks to fertilizers, the pear will be able to receive additional nutrients throughout the winter.
As soon as the auxiliary work has been completed, you can proceed directly to the process of covering the tree itself. It includes the choice of material, as well as the technique with which insulation occurs.
Material selection
There are several ways to hide a pear tree, which depend on the region in which the pear tree is planted:
- Middle zone of Russia. An example is Leningrad region and the suburbs. The climate here is not very harsh, and in order for the tree to survive the winter, you need to carry out standard insulation. This includes harvesting foliage, pruning dry branches and covering the trunk circle. Small branches are suitable as material.
- Volga region. The moderate climate of the region allows only mulching. To do this, first, the foliage is cleaned on the territory. Then it is carefully dug up trunk circle... This is necessary for the roots to receive additional oxygen. Mulching follows the process.
- Ural. Here the climate is already colder. In order for the tree to cope with the cold weather, it is worth adding additional fertilizers for the winter. The very same pear insulation is carried out in a standard way... Bags or paper are used as material.
- Siberia. Fairly harsh climate for a pear tree. In this case, pear insulation should be taken as responsibly as possible. Otherwise, the culture will die. To begin with, the circle is mulched, after which it is covered with a layer of small branches. The layer thickness should be significant. After the branches, snow is poured onto the trunk circle. It is also advisable to insulate the trunk and branches to avoid pest attacks and enable the tree to cope with frost.
The pear tree can survive the winter in any climate of the Russian Federation.
If you take a responsible attitude to the insulation and properly prepare the pear for cold weather and unexpected frosts, then later in the summer the pear can please the gardener with juicy and large fruits.
A pear, unlike an apple tree, does not differ in winter hardiness, so I recommend giving special attention this culture in preparation for winter. Especially when it comes to young plants and newly planted seedlings. It is necessary to provide the tree with moisture-charging watering, to make necessary feeding, carry out pruning and treatment from diseases. pests and rodents, and be sure to insulate the root zone. So you will significantly increase the chances of the tree to successfully overwinter, withstand both severe frosts and a snowless period.
Preparing a pear for winter
Preparing a pear for winter consists of 6 important stages:
- careful inspection of the tree and cleaning the tree from leaves and fruits,
- water charging irrigation,
- top dressing,
- trimming,
- treatment against diseases and pests,
- shelter of the root zone.
Before you start preparing the pear for winter, carefully inspect the tree, remove leaves, plants and plant debris in near-barrel zone and on the crown of a tree.
- By the end of autumn, there should be no leaf blades on the pear, or there may be very few of them, as well as mummified or rotten fruits.
- Also, in the near-stem strip of a pear, there should be no leaf litter and all the same rotten and mummified fruits.
- Pear shoots should be intact, not broken, ripe - without green tips and should not be so close to the soil surface that they literally touch it.
Remember that both in the foliage and in the fruits, diseases and pests can hide for the winter, which immediately attack your plant with the beginning of the growing season. Therefore, both leaves and fruits must be removed at the end of autumn.
- Shake the tree lightly, even if only a few more leaves fall, this is already good.
- The fruits must be removed all, and if they do not fall, then carefully knock them down with a stick or a fruit picker.
- When most of the foliage has been shaken off and all the fruits have been removed, clean the trunk circle of any plant residues, it is advisable to even weed it out and slightly, literally 2 cm, loosen the soil.
When the near-trunk circle is clean, you need to carry out a series of water-charging irrigations.
- Pour under the pear for a week approx. 30 buckets of water if the pear is over 10 years old.
- For younger plants, two smaller volumes are enough.
- A couple of buckets of water will be enough for a newly planted seedling.
Remember that the water supply in the soil will prevent its sharp freezing and the roots will not be frozen if frost suddenly hits the soil not covered with snow.
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Shelter pears for the winter |
- To protect the root system, you can use humus by laying it in the near-trunk strip with a layer of 10 cm and throwing spruce paws on top - this is the best option.
- In all other types of shelters, mice can start hibernating, and if there are too many of them, and there is too little poisoned bait, they will destroy the pear, gnawing the bark of the seedling.
- To protect against mice, after the trunk circle has been insulated, it must be fixed on the trunk, preferably before the first skeletal branches, plastic mesh black color.
Shelter of a young pear for the winter
For additional protection newly planted seedlings, it is better to wrap them up with non-woven covering material white, but not tightly, but so that there are layers of air between the skeins, then the effect of such insulation will be as good as possible.
The newly planted seedlings should be protected from rodents even if they are covered with non-woven covering material, in the form of poison and a protective plastic mesh.
