How to correctly measure the depth of a well. What if there is no water? Can I trust the technological data sheet of a well?

Owners country houses do not have the ability to connect to centralized system water supply, which means they are forced to look for alternative solutions to the water supply issue. The most popular ways to supply a household with water are to dig a well on the property or drill a well. Wells received greatest distribution due to certain circumstances and advantages. However, the price issue always remains relevant. How much will a well cost if its cost directly depends on the depth of drilling? And what quality will the water be in it?

Choosing a location for a well

The choice of location for a well is based on the geology of the site, the features of its relief, and an analysis of the surrounding areas. The depth of the water well and the quality of the extracted liquid depend on the underlying soil aquifers. Collecting information and studying the site should be carried out by specialists from a licensed company who have permission to perform such work. But every owner who is going to drill a well at home needs to know some criteria for choosing a location. Thus, drilling is prohibited near:

cemeteries;
spontaneous garbage dumps;
agricultural fields treated with herbicides and nitrate fertilizers;
industrial plants and factories.

How to measure the depth of a well? During the study of the site, test drilling is carried out to study the composition of the soil and determine at what depth the aquifer lies. This is individual for each specific case. Two neighbors may have different well depths. To determine whether the water from the reached source is drinking or technical, it is sent for testing to a laboratory. The analysis will show the amount of impurities, bacteria, ammonia, metal, insoluble substances, toxins and so on.

Aquifers

To answer the question of how deep to drill a well, it is necessary to understand the variety of aquifers and their characteristics. There are three main aquifers from which water is drawn for hygienic and economic needs:

The depth of the perched water varies between 4-7 meters. Due to the lack of a stable waterproof layer, this water is mainly used for technical needs and irrigation. Water from this layer is often it's muddy, with sand and other impurities.
The depth of groundwater is 10-18 meters, but can be much higher. Household and drinking water is often taken from this vein. Groundwater that has passed filters in a well has more high quality than a well. However, this does not exclude the presence of harmful and dangerous impurities in it. Water from any aquifer must be tested for compliance with SES requirements in special licensed laboratories.
The third aquifer is artesian water. There is no exact information on what the depth of the natural reserve of artesian water should be. It is generally accepted that the depth of the layer ranges from 25-40 meters, but can go deep up to 60 m. Much depends on the terrain. Water from the third aquifer, called natural, is the cleanest and healthiest.

In accordance with the three aquifers, there are three types of wells:

On the sand

Auger drilling is used to reach the first aquifer along the route of the drill. The usual depth of a sand well is 15-30 meters. The structure itself is a long pipe with a cross-section of 10 cm. At the end, the pipe is perforated and wrapped with a fine-mesh braided mesh. The filter is installed in a layer of coarse sand. The flow rate of a sand well, that is, the volume of water extracted per unit of time, is about 0.5-1.2 m³/hour. The service life of this type of well is quite short - 5-10 years in case of constant use. If you drill it in an uninhabited dacha or in a house with seasonal residence, the device will become unusable within 2-3 years.

Artesian

Limestone wells can reach 100 meters in depth. The purpose of drilling is to reach a layer of porous aquiferous limestone bearing very pure drinking water. The latter undergoes natural mineralization and is therefore beneficial to health. It is a long closed casing pipe to prevent high water from getting inside, and a perforated filter for collecting liquid. The flow rate of an artesian well is within 3-10 cubic meters per hour. This means that water on your site will not disappear for the next 60-70 years, even during the most severe droughts. The only drawback is high price. Often, in order to save money, neighbors drill wells into limestone for several houses.

Abyssinian well

The simplest and cheapest type of well. It has another name: “needle well”. Represents a long inch pipe with a needle-shaped tip and a filter for water intake. They are deepened by drilling or driving into the soil to 8-30 meters. Water is extracted using a pump that does not lift water from a depth of more than 8 meters. Suitable for areas with light soils without stones. The piezometric level should not exceed 8 meters.

How to find out the depth of a well?

To find out the depth of water, carry out research work with test drilling. It also happens that several passes are required until the aquifer is found. If you are arranging for own plot not an artesian well, but an Abyssinian one or on sand, keep a journal of entries. This is necessary to record indicators for all stages of work on the well:

marks about changes in rocks at a fixed depth;
depth of perched water;
depth of ground liquid layers;
depth of soil leaching;
rate of absorption of circulating liquid, etc.

The aquifer (if it is not an artesian well) consists of loose fine sand, surrounded on both sides by dense loam and clay. If the drill has reached the vein, work cannot be stopped. It is necessary to go deeper 1-2 meters from the beginning of the layer of water, and take the liquid itself for examination. It is important to preserve data on the well because its service life usually does not exceed 10 years. If in the future you need to drill a new one nearby, the records may come in handy. Upon completion of drilling and installation of the structure, the water must be tested every month for six months. If no changes are recorded during this time, the water can be safely consumed further.

Conclusion:

Owners of private houses by law have the right to extract any minerals, including water, on their own plots. By law, without the need to prepare documentation and take permission, everyone has the right to dig a well or drill a well five meters. But now you know how to find out the depth of water in the earth, and therefore you understand that five meters is not enough. You can drill a well without permission at your own risk. But then be prepared that one fine day an inspection will come and issue a fine. Therefore, protect yourself - get permission and take water from deeper layers.

Not only its cost, but also the quality of the water depends on the depth of the well. Therefore, if you decide to drill this source of water supply on your site, then it is advisable to know how to measure the depth of the well after drilling. Such knowledge will help, at a minimum, to monitor the work of professional drillers and, at a maximum, to independently organize autonomous system water supply.

Water, falling in the form of precipitation and falling into the ground, passes through rocks and reaches underground rivers, which carry it into the world ocean - this is a simplified description of the water cycle in nature. In reality, such a process looks much more complicated: in order to reach the flow, moisture passes through many soil layers, each of which is characterized by its own coefficient of water permeability.

Interesting to know. The water permeability coefficient of clay is 5 mm/day, while for sand this figure is 1000 times higher - 5 m/day.

If at a certain depth a soil layer with low water permeability (aquitard) is encountered, water is retained in this place, gradually saturating upper layer and forming an aquifer. Depending on the structure of the soil in a particular area, there may be several such layers. Moreover, each horizon may differ in the volume and quality of water.

Dependence of water quality on the location of the aquifer

One of the main reasons for the need to correctly measure the depth of a water well is the dependence of the quality of the aquifer on this indicator. It’s completely logical - the more filtration layers the water has passed through, the cleaner it is. Based on this, several types of wells are distinguished.

Abyssinian – depth 8-12 m.

The most affordable source of water supply in terms of price, which is often used in summer cottages. As a rule, such a well is drilled to the first aquifer. In most cases, Abyssinian is used to water the area. Although sometimes it can be used for household needs (after an additional filtration process).

Sandy – depth 15-30 m.

The average flow rate of such a source is 1 m³/h, which is quite enough to supply water to a small country house or summer cottage. At the same time, the quality of the water is suitable not only for watering vegetation, but also for drinking. The disadvantage of this type of well is considered to be its tendency to silt, so to maintain good level The water supply must be cleaned periodically.

Artesian – depth 70-100 m.

The most expensive, but also the highest quality source of water supply, in which the main rock is limestone. The flow rate in this case is at least 3 m³/h. Artesian water is often used in medical purposes, because it is saturated with useful minerals. The high cost of a well is justified by the large volume of water and durability - the service life is more than 60 years.

Important. Regardless of the depth of the source, before using it, the water must be analyzed to ensure the absence of elements hazardous to health.

Types of water wells

Methods for determining the optimal depth for a well

There are several methods for determining where water may be located on a site. However, most of them do not allow you to accurately measure the depth of the well, but only give general idea about the location of the aquifer. Considering that the cost of drilling operations directly depends on the depth, it is advisable to initially know this parameter to form a budget. To do this, you can use one of the methods below.

Get information from your neighbors.

If the neighboring area is already in use natural spring water supply and the quality of the water in it is quite acceptable, then you should ask your neighbors for a technical passport for the well. From this document you can find out not only the exact depth, but also other parameters, such as flow rate.

Use a map of the geological section of the area.

Such a document is drawn up in the event of engineering and reconnaissance surveys in a given area. The structure and characteristics of the soil, as well as the location of groundwater, are plotted on the map. The presence of such documentation greatly simplifies drilling operations.

Order exploration drilling.

This is the most accurate way to check the depth of a water well before organizing major work. However, for private needs it is used quite rarely, since the cost of exploration activities is not much different from the actual drilling of a well.

Exploration drilling is the most accurate, but not very cost-effective way to determine the depth of the source

Tools for checking hole depth after drilling

In most cases, well depth measurement is carried out after drilling. For these purposes they are used special tools, which are often used by professional drillers.

Important. In addition to correct payment for the services of the drilling company, precise definition depth will allow you to select pumping equipment for a well with optimal technical parameters.

Hydrogeological tape measure RGLM

RGLM (hydrogeological metal tape tape measure) is an affordable and easy-to-use tool. With its help, you can measure the depth of a well more than 10 meters (in some models the maximum measurement depth is 50 m). In this case, the minimum diameter of the casing pipe, allowing for research, is only 20 mm.

Roulette consists of the following parts:

frame;
reel with adjustable speed limiter;
measuring tape with a division value of 2-5 mm;
load with a firecracker.

The principle of operation of the RGLM roulette is as follows. In the process of lowering a belt with a load into the well, the speed of movement is regulated by a special brake. As soon as the load reaches the aquatic environment, a loud bang occurs. At this moment, you should record the readings on the tape indicating the water level.

Hydrogeological tape measure for checking borehole depth

Downhole depth gauge IUGS

The operation of the IUGS depth gauge (well angle and depth meter) is based on measuring the echo signal, which is sent by the device and processed after reflection from the bottom of the source. Adjustable signal power allows measurements in the range of 4-80 m, and the casing diameter can be in the range of 60-150 mm.

Structurally, the depth gauge consists of the following elements:

the electronic unit;
acoustic probe;
angle adapter (for measuring deviations from the vertical).

The error of the device is only 150 mm, which makes it possible to accurately check the depth of a water well after drilling. Since the meter is powered by batteries, measurements can be performed in field conditions.

Acoustic depth gauge IUGS is a compact and accurate device for determining the angle and depth of a borehole hole

Logging cable with measuring roller

One of mechanical methods Depth measurement is the use of a logging cable, which is wound on a reel with a measuring roller. The roller is calibrated in such a way that one revolution corresponds to 1 m of cable. The number of revolutions of the coil determines the location of the aquifer.

For your information. Sometimes a portable video camera is installed at the end of the cable for visual inspection. inner surface well design.

To measure the depth of a well with high accuracy, the readings of a measuring roller are not enough. To do this, magnetic marks are applied to the cable at a certain interval, which are read by the receiving device. Since the cable can stretch during operation, the location of the magnetic marks is periodically updated.

Checking the well depth is, without a doubt, an important step in the organization process autonomous water supply plot. It is worth considering that it is advisable to carry out independent drilling in the case of shallow water, for example, when constructing an Abyssinian well. To build wells on sand, especially on limestone, it is better to immediately contact experienced specialists who are guaranteed to find the source clean water and enter all the parameters of the well design into the technical passport.

Water is the basis of life. Every day, people use tons of this invaluable mineral for their own purposes, so it is constantly in short supply. Owners of country real estate in all its forms strive to provide themselves with life-giving moisture and are engaged in the construction of wells or boreholes. Many people are interested in how to find water for a well in their area. It turns out that you can try to do this yourself, using one of the many existing methods.

Where does groundwater accumulate?

Before you start looking, it's worth learning a little more about groundwater. Moisture underground accumulates inside so-called aquifers as a result of filtration atmospheric precipitation. Liquid, sandwiched between waterproof soil layers consisting of stone or clay, forms reservoirs of different sizes.

Their location is not strictly horizontal; they can bend, forming in such areas peculiar lenses filled with water. Their volumes are also very diverse: from several cubic meters to tens of cubic kilometers.

A diagram of the occurrence of groundwater is necessary to have at least some idea where the source may be

Closest to the surface, at a depth of only 2-5 m, lies the “overwater”. These are small bodies of water fed by precipitation and melt water. In dry times, they usually dry out and cannot be a source of water supply. In addition, water from them can most often be used only for technical purposes. Most Interest for humans, they represent deep aquifers containing large reserves of perfectly filtered water. They usually lie at a depth of 8-10 meters and below. The most valuable water, enriched with minerals and salts, is located even deeper, at a distance of about 30-50 m. Getting to it is possible, but difficult.

Popular ways to find water on the site

If desired, searching for water under a well can be done in several ways. The most common of them:

Use of pottery

The ancient method of determining the presence of water involved the use of a clay pot. It was dried in the sun, then turned over and placed on the ground above the supposed location of the water vein. After some time, the dishes began to fog up from the inside if there was actually water underneath them. Today this method has been somewhat improved.

You need to take a liter or two of silica gel, which is an excellent desiccant. It is thoroughly dried in the oven and poured into a clay pot. After which the dishes with the gel are weighed on precise scales, preferably pharmaceutical scales. Then they are wrapped in cloth and buried to a depth of about half a meter in the place where the well is supposed to be drilled. Leave it there for a day, then dig it up and carefully weigh it again.

Not one or two aquifers have already been found using silica gel

The more moisture absorbed into the gel, the closer the water. At the initial stage, you can bury several pots and choose a place with the most intense water flow. Instead of silica gel, ordinary brick can be used, which is also dried and weighed.

Observations - where do plants grow?

Some plants are excellent indicators of underground water.

Plants will tell you if there is water in the area

For example, a birch tree growing above a watercourse will be short in height with a knotty, twisted trunk. The branches of the tree located above it will form the so-called “witch's panicles”. The water close to the surface will be revealed by thickets of woodlice, a low herbaceous plant. River gravel directly points to the watercourse located beneath it. But the pine, with its long tap root, says the opposite - in this place the water is located quite deep.

Determination by height difference

This method can only be used if there is any pond or well nearby. You will need a regular aneroid barometer, with which the pressure will be measured. Based on the fact that for every 13 m of height difference the pressure will drop by approximately 1 mm of mercury, you can try to determine the depth of groundwater. To do this, you need to measure the pressure at the site of the proposed well and on the shore of the reservoir. The pressure difference is about half a mmHg. Art. indicates that the depth of the aquifer is 6 or 7 meters.

Observations of natural phenomena

Soil saturated with underground moisture will certainly evaporate it. Early morning or evening at the end of a very hot day summer day It is worth paying attention to the area where the well is supposed to be constructed.

If fog forms above it, there is water there. It is best if the fog rises in a column or swirls, which means there is a lot of moisture and it is close enough. You should also know that waterproof layers usually follow the terrain. Thus, in basins and natural depressions surrounded by hills, there will definitely be water. But on the slopes and plains it may not exist.

Exploration drilling

How to find water using a frame?

Very often, the search for water for a well is carried out using dowsing, an ancient and very accurate method of determining a watercourse. Before you start searching, you will need to prepare frames, which are segments aluminum wire about 40 cm long. Their ends at a level of about 10 cm are bent at a right angle. It is believed that it is best to insert frames into elderberry tubes that have had the core removed. The wire in the tubes should turn absolutely smoothly. Forks of viburnum, willow or hazel branches can also be used as a frame.

Frames are small pieces of aluminum wire bent at right angles

We determine the position of the cardinal points using a compass and mark them on the site with pegs.
We take a frame in each hand. We press our elbows to our sides, direct our forearms parallel to the ground, so that the frame becomes like an extension of our arms.
We slowly cross the territory of the site from north to south, and then from east to west. In the place where there is a watercourse underground, the frames will begin to move and intersect. We mark this place with a peg.
Considering that water usually occurs in the form of peculiar veins, having found one point, we determine the entire watercourse. To do this, we perform the previous operation several times, each time marking with a peg the place where the frames intersect.

We determine the power and depth of the watercourse. We imagine that we are plunging to the depth of our own growth, then at two, three or more such distances. The first time the frame will react to the upper boundary of the water vein, the second - to the lower one.

Well on site - practical solution to ensure water supply at home and personal plot. Methods for independently searching for an underground watercourse will allow you to determine the presence of water on the site and help you make a decision about the possibility of developing a system. But you shouldn’t rely too much on them, because all these methods, although considered quite accurate, provide only general answers to questions. Only specialists can absolutely accurately determine the presence of an aquifer, its depth and thickness.

Drilling a well at suburban area will provide its owners with water required for personal purposes and irrigation. Our own source will allow us to build an independent water supply system. However, there are cases when excavation excavation does not produce results. How to avoid such “mistakes”? After all, the drillers will have to pay, even if there is no water.

We will tell you in the smallest details how to find water for a well. We will introduce you to all possible methods of searching for this mineral. Let's imagine technologies used on an industrial scale, and traditional methods determining the availability of groundwater.

To thoroughly study the topic, we have collected and systematized noteworthy information available on the Internet. The information presented for consideration is supplemented with photographs, graphic illustrations and video reviews.

Before you start searching for water for a well, you should record the presence of such underground resources and determine the depth of the aquifer in the selected area.

Depending on the location and depth of occurrence, groundwater is divided into three types:

Verkhovodka– lies within 2-5 meters from the surface. It is formed as a result of the filtration of atmospheric precipitation. Due to its shallow occurrence, this type of water can fluctuate: it sometimes rises after precipitation, then decreases during the dry period.
Groundwater– aquifers in sedimentary rocks, located approximately 8-40 meters from the surface. They are protected from above by several layers of rock, so they do not depend on the changing seasons. Sometimes, in depressions of the relief, they independently make their way into springs that supply tasty, clean water.
Artesian waters– most often occur at a depth of over 40 meters. They are distributed along cracks in rocky limestone. The water is characterized by the presence of mineral salts and the absence of clay suspension. The flow rate of artesian wells is quite stable.

The qualitative and quantitative parameters of the aquifer are of key importance.

The thickness of the earth is formed from rocks, some of which prevent the penetration of moisture - aquifers, while others, on the contrary, form aquifers

To identify promising areas for water, the method of electrical probing is most often used. It is carried out by vertical probing of the soil. The electrical resistivity of rocks and underground aquifers varies.

Thus, water-saturated soils have a lower electrical resistance than the mineral skeleton of low-moisture rocks.

Using current recorders, you can determine the resistance at each horizon, identifying for yourself those areas where there is a layer of groundwater

The only drawback of this method is that there is always a possibility of calculation errors if there are iron ore deposits in the ground or the proximity of metal fences and railway networks.

Seismic technology

The seismic exploration technique is based on measuring wave kinematics. Using instruments, places are determined where there is an increased seismic background, the peak values of which reach frequencies from 4 to 15 Hz.

The essence of seismic exploration is that the measurements are first carried out in an area located in close proximity to the groundwater search site, which has a similar geological section.

The downward generated waves, having reached the rock, which differs from the overlying layers, are reflected upward, like an echo. Then, within an hour, the same measurements are carried out in the area where groundwater is being searched.

The depth of the reflecting boundary is calculated based on the obtained values of the sensitive devices of geophones. The presence of artesian waters is judged by a 5-10 times increase in the level of seismic background in the area of the study areas.

Frequency values within 4-15 Hz that exceed the level natural background Earths arise due to the fact that water-filled reservoirs are a denser environment for the passage of the acoustic environment

When acoustic waves pass through liquids that have a high density, a change occurs towards higher frequencies.

Exploration drilling

This method allows you to most accurately determine the geological rocks forming the site. But since it involves large financial costs, it is used only in situations where it is planned to equip a large water intake designed for several houses.

To increase the reliability of research, two or three exploration wells are drilled at the designated groundwater search site.

Experts distinguish three methods of exploratory drilling:

Core– used when drilling to great depths. The principle of operation is based on the fact that a rotating core pipe, the end of which is equipped with a drill bit, cuts through the rock. And then the destroyed rock, under the pressure of the washing solution or compressed air supplied through the pipe column, is pushed to the surface.
Rotary– is based on the transmission of rotational motion to the drill string through a surface rotor. This type of drilling is accompanied by flushing the rock face with a special solution or ordinary water.
Shock-rope– works due to the destruction of rocks under the action of a falling drilling tool, the end of which is fixed to a rope. The tool simply breaks off the rock and crushes the soil, and then uses a bailer to extract it to the surface.

The choice of drilling method depends on the type of rock, the depth of the formation or lens and the financial capabilities of the customer. But in terms of drilling speed and productivity, rotational methods win in this regard.

The price of an exploration well is determined by multiplying the cost of one linear meter to the depth of the trunk. The total amount is calculated based on the complexity of the excavation, the diameter of the trunk and the need to use casing pipes.

Hydrogeological data obtained from drilled wells is taken into account when preparing a forecast assessment of the prospective area. They help to study changes in the properties of water-bearing rocks in a vertical section.

Drilling a well with your own hands

But drilling exploratory wells is a rather expensive method. Not many owners can afford it suburban areas. As an alternative, test drilling can be done independently using the auger method.

This method is similar to making a hole in the ice during winter fishing. The screw-shaped structure is simply screwed into the ground. When extracted to the surface, the auger blades take the crushed rock with them.

The auger drilling method involves loosening the soil and immersing a bit into it, with the help of which the soil is removed out

To carry out the work, you will need an auger with blades equipped with a drilling head. You can purchase such a screw tool at any hardware store. It comes complete with stacking rods, which are convenient to use to build up the structure as it goes deeper into the soil.

The work is performed in the following sequence:

In the selected area, dig a guide hole 60-80 cm deep.
The auger is lowered into the hole and begins to rotate, deepening the drill head.
After the screw rod has gone 1-2 meters deep into the soil, the drill is removed, removing the loosened soil. As the helical structure advances, it is important to ensure that the well is vertical.
When the auger reaches a depth at which it is no longer convenient to work with the tool, the structure is expanded with a drill rod. Simultaneously with drilling, the walls of the well are casing under the influence of centrifugal force.
Drilling is carried out until the screw rod reaches the aquifer.

The excavated soil is transported using the same auger, which is a single screw conveyor, to the surface. At the same time, the soil raised outward strengthens the walls of the trunk due to friction. This reduces costs when drilling plastic soils, since there is no need to use casing pipes.

But it is worth considering that the auger method is effective only when searching for groundwater, the level of which does not exceed 50 meters, and the rocks belong to the plastic and loose category.

Traditional methods of determination

It is possible to carry out exploration on your own in search of an aquifer for a needle well, even if there are no landmarks in the adjacent areas.

Orientation based on natural features

Signs of the presence of an aquifer in the soil can be:

Observing the behavior of animals and insects. Columns of midges hover in the place where there is a source of water, and red ants, on the contrary, try to settle away from it.
There is a wide distribution of moisture-loving plants in the area.

Indicators of the proximity of groundwater from herbaceous plants nettles, horsetail, sedge, sorrel, and reeds appear. Tree-like plants with a tap root such as bird cherry, willow, birch, black poplar, sarsazan will indicate that the water lies at a depth of up to 7 meters.

On a hot afternoon, animals dig the ground in search of coolness in places where groundwater is close to the surface

For the soil and its underlying rocks, under the thickness of which the source passes, is characteristic high humidity. It will certainly evaporate, forming clouds of fog in the morning; you just need to observe the area.

Pay attention also to the relief. It was noticed that the water carriers lie almost horizontally. Therefore, in the area of depressions the probability of water occurrence is always higher.

Using dowsing frames

The ancient method, based on the dowsing effect, in which a person reacts to the presence of water and other bodies in the ground that create heterogeneities of various configurations and sizes in its thickness, does not lose popularity.

When searching for water to select a place under a site using dowsing, the pointer is a wire frame or a tree branch with a fork, which is in the hands of a human operator. It is able to determine the presence of an aquifer, despite even the layer of soil separating it from the water.

Dowsing is the ability of frames to move under the influence of external factors, for example, vibrate and move closer to each other over places where springs flow

Dowsing frames can be made of calibrated aluminum, steel or copper wire with a diameter of 2-5 mm. To do this, the ends of pieces of wire 40-50 cm long are bent at right angles, giving them L-shape. The length of the sensitive shoulder will be 30-35 cm, and the length of the handle 10-15 cm.

The operator’s task is to ensure free rotation of the “tool”. To make your task easier, curved ends wires are put on wooden handles.

Having bent your arms at a right angle and taking the tool by the wooden handles, you need to slightly tilt them away from you so that the wire rods become like an extension of your arms.

To achieve a goal, you need to consciously tune in and clearly formulate the task for yourself. After this, you just need to slowly move around the area and watch the rotation of the frames.

In the area where underground water is hidden, the frame rods will cross each other. The operator must mark this point and continue research, but moving in a perpendicular direction relative to the original line of movement. The desired source will be located at the intersection point of the found marks.

The dowsing frames will react by connecting their ends to each other in the place where the aquifers pass through the area

It is believed that best time The best time to search for water by dowsing is summer or early autumn. The most favorable periods:

from 5 to 6 am;
from 16 to 17 days;
from 20 to 21 pm;
from 24 to 1 am.

L-shaped frames are convenient to use in field conditions, but in the absence of wind. To work with the tool you need experience and dexterity. After all, frame deviation can even depend on emotional state operator.

For the same reason, before working with frames, it is better to refrain from using alcoholic drinks. Before you start searching, you need to learn how to work with a biolocator and “hear” it. Thanks to this, in the process of searching for water for a well, the operator will not be distracted even by the presence of closed water pipelines in the area.

But it is worth noting that traditional methods cannot provide a 100% guarantee of obtaining the expected result. After all, even with a successful outcome, there is always a risk of receiving it with low productivity.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Tips for beginners on how to determine the location for a well and drill it with your own hands:

Exploration drilling using a probe:

Such a responsible event as searching for water for a well should be approached with all seriousness, using for this purpose modern methods intelligence, or entrust this work to professionals.

Would you like to tell us how you chose a place to drill a well on your own property or ask a question? Please write comments in the block below. Here you can discuss with us and with site visitors if you do not agree with the information presented.

The well depth is considered important parameter. In many ways, it determines the cost of the drilling operations carried out and the quality of the resulting fluid. Most often, the desire to correctly determine the amount of payment for drilling forces customers to calculate this indicator. For each additional meter they have to shell out very real sums.

When carrying out work independently, the distance from the water surface to the surface of the well will be required for correct selection and installation of pumping equipment.

How to check the depth of a well after drilling? Professionals most often know the approximate level of passage of aquifers before carrying out work. They determine it based on a geological map of the territory. In other cases, this size is determined after completion of drilling of the object. Several methods are used for this. The difference between them is the degree of complexity, accessibility and level of accuracy.

The simplest and in an accessible way considered mechanical. All you need is a cord, a metal weight and a tape measure. The load is tied to the cord and carefully lowered down until the tension decreases. After that homemade device take it out and use a tape measure to determine the size of its wet area. This value represents the depth of the well. To carry out measurements in this way, it is recommended to use a special hydrogeological tape measure. It is a flexible ruler with a weight attached to the end.

The disadvantages of this method include the inability to measure the dynamic water level. Using this method, it is possible to measure structures with a depth of no more than 10 m.

The magnetic method is considered the most popular when determining the depth of a well. It provides accurate information about the location of deep aquifers.

The method involves using a spool of logging cable with magnetic tags. The principle of its operation is essentially the same as the mechanical one, but is improved by the presence of a reading device. Magnetic marks are applied to the tape at certain distances. They are processed using a receiving device. As a result, accurate information about the location of the cargo is obtained. In the intervals between marks, the depth is determined using a special roller located on the reel.

Application of acoustic depth gauge

This device allows you to obtain the most accurate data on the depth of any structure. The device is most often used in the mining industry. The only drawback is the high cost of the device.

The resulting distance is proportional to the time interval between the arrival of the input and output signals. After measuring the depth, this indicator is entered into the well passport. Knowing the measurement methods, each owner will be able to check the parameter independently.