Nowadays you won’t surprise anyone with an intercom, since it is required to increase the safety and comfort of residents. If it is present, unwanted guests cannot enter the territory of the house and cause damage to both property and the health of residents. Intercoms are usually installed by employees of specialized companies. However, at home the device can also be connected.
The article will discuss questions about installing an intercom, and also provide instructions for connecting yourself.
Types of intercoms
IN Lately, in addition to conventional audio intercoms, manufacturers began to produce video intercoms so that residents knew exactly who came to visit them. In this case, the image is transmitted from the place where the cameras are installed on the street.
Components of an intercom
A modern device contains several elements:
- Call panel. It consists of a call button, microphone, speaker and may also include a video camera. There are special cameras with infrared radiation that can take pictures at night. Some models have anti-vandal systems.
- Electromechanical or electromagnetic lock. If suddenly the system is de-energized, the magnetic lock will open. The mechanical one is connected to the solenoid, so it won’t be unlocked this way.
- Power unit. Placed in the monitor housing.
- Handset.
- Control Panel.
- Monitor (if it is a video intercom). It comes in both black and white and color. They have a handset for communication on the body.
How to install an intercom
Installation can be wireless or wired.
In the first case, the intercom can be easily installed by connecting the system to an outlet or to a battery. Next, you should proceed according to the instructions.
One of the disadvantages is that there may be a loss of communication in the presence of various interference that can be created by routers or any radio-controlled devices.
In the second case, you will have to find out for yourself all the features and nuances of the cables coming from the main station. From positive points It is noteworthy that such an intercom will not run out of power and the connection will not be lost.
Intercom connection diagram
- High degree of difficulty. Scheme high degree difficulties are used when connecting intercoms in apartment buildings. Installation is usually carried out by specialists from specialized companies.
- Moderate difficulty. The option is a combination of an intercom and a special lock into one single system.
- Simple. Most easy option, because a person with basic electrical knowledge can understand the instructions for connecting an intercom.
The receiver is located in one room, and several cables with three and four cores run from it. They are connected according to the instructions. Power supply, as well as audio and video signals, depend on these wires.
The procedure for installing intercoms
The entire connection procedure consists of several stages:
Cable routing
In apartments it is carried out through special channels or grooves. Before connecting an intercom in private homes, you need to choose the installation method: external or underground.
With the first method, the wire may break as a result of weather conditions. Underground cable routing is the most The best way, since it is protected by a special shell.
The wire must pass at a depth of 75 cm and below. For additional and special preservation, special tubes are also used.
Installation of external and internal units
The unit can be connected from the outside anywhere, as long as it is convenient for you. For example, on a fence or pole. Installation resembles connection electrical outlet or a special socket box where the wires are located.
If it is necessary to install an additional camera or lock, several more cables are routed into a special box. 2 will supply electricity to the external unit and the lock, 3 wires connected to the indoor unit will supply electricity to the CCTV camera.
Installation of the interior security system lighter than external, because in this case a built-in connection is not required. The block must be hung securely in the location you choose. It consists of several parts: a video phone and a power supply. It must also be remembered that indoor unit It should be installed in a place visible to the owners.
Cable switching
Before connecting the intercom, you should understand the instructions and the type of wires. The main thing here is not to confuse the cables and wires, so you need to do the connection slowly, connecting one wire at a time. The diagrams usually describe everything in detail, what each cable means, what it is needed for, and what terminals to use.
Thus, the article described how to install an intercom yourself without calling a technician. To do this, you should carefully study the attached instructions and follow the diagrams step by step. If you study everything, then connecting the intercom will not be any unnecessary work.
Complex connections are handled by experienced specialists, since this will require deep knowledge of the topic and good skills in the field of physics.
Photo instructions on how to install an intercom
How to install an intercom into an apartment is a pressing question for residents of multi-story buildings who have not yet been touched by these “benefits of civilization.” Unfortunately, not all apartments are equipped with such a device, which, one might say, replaces the concierge.
How to install an intercom into an apartment - components of the system, installation process
How to install an intercom in an apartment? Who installs the intercom in apartment building? As a rule, specialized companies install intercoms. They do not value their work cheaply. In addition to the equipment installation fee, you must pay monthly for equipment maintenance.
How to install an intercom in an apartment building? What types of intercoms are there for an apartment?
Some residents cannot afford this expensive pleasure, so they decide to self-installation. In order to install the device in the apartment, and to know how such equipment works.
A person who plans to install a access device into his apartment should have an idea of how it works. Devices are installed at the entrances that transmit not only sound, but also video.
Note! An intercom system prevents strangers from entering the entrance much better than, for example, a combination lock.
The intercom system is made up of the following components:
- External panel (otherwise known as external unit or call panel) – mounted at the entrance to doorway. It contains a small screen, a microphone, numbers and signs, by typing which you can contact the apartment residents living in this entrance.
- There is also a reading mechanism on the panel. People put an electronic key on it. If the system recognizes the key, the door opens easily.
- Switchboard – sends a signal to the apartment whose number is dialed on external panel.
- Speaking tubes - they are placed in residential premises(one or several at once). The external panel and the handset are connected to each other, which allows the apartment owner to negotiate with the guest and freely open the entrance doors by pressing one button.
- Castle. In most cases, an electromagnetic locking mechanism is installed. Only a very strong person can open it without a key.
- Power supply - responsible for the operation of the entire intercom system.
- Buttons for exiting the entrance. It is usually located on the opposite side of the door from the outer panel. To leave the entrance, a person needs to press such a button.
For video intercoms, a video camera is built into the external panel. Instead of a tube, a special device with a built-in microscopic computer is installed. A signal notifies the owner of the apartment that a guest has arrived, and a picture on a small screen allows him to decide whether to let him in or not.
Types of intercom closing devices
Intercoms are connected different ways. The following types of intercom systems are distinguished:
- Analog or coordinate systems - such systems are compared to mini automatic telephone exchanges. They work in the same way as a matrix switcher.
- Transistor switches, which are the basis of the entire system, connect the microphone and speaker located on the external panel with the apartment. A signal is sent if the corresponding number is dialed.
- The switch (external panel) and each apartment handset are connected to each other by several wires. Accordingly, in order for a new user to be able to open the lock without leaving home, it is necessary to connect the wires to the external panel.
A digital intercom system can be compared to a coordinate system. The main difference is this system consists of only two wires. How does it work:
- The guest dials the apartment number.
- The processor reads the password.
- The signal is transmitted to all apartments, and arrives only to the one where the password has been successfully generated.
The wireless system does not require a cable. The signal is transmitted using a telephone line or an IP address. Please note that this system will not work if there is no Internet connection.
Precautions when installing the machine
When installing any equipment, you should be extremely careful. To work you may need the following tools:
- wire cutters;
- screwdrivers;
- pliers;
- electric drill, etc.
The listed tools can cause serious injury. Therefore, it is necessary to follow safety rules when handling them.
Since the intercom operates on electricity, you need to turn off the power to the entrance during installation - switch the switch or circuit breaker. Only after these steps connect the device.
It is forbidden to install the power supply in a place where it is constantly humid or outdoors.
If you are not limited in funds, you can recommend higher quality (expensive) equipment. When choosing a device, it is very important to pay attention to the presence of a license.
It is also necessary to follow the installation sequence:
- Find a suitable location for the equipment. Mount the audio intercom in a place so that the signal can be heard throughout the apartment. If a video intercom is selected, then it is necessary to install the camera so that the visitor can be clearly seen.
- Before connecting the device, lay out the cable. Do not damage the entrance walls - fix the wire using special devices.
- Excess sections of the cable must be removed, the ends stripped and attached to the connecting terminals.
How to choose the right cable
You need to select a cable depending on what type of intercom is installed:
- a two-wire cable is suitable for an audio intercom;
- for a video intercom you need to lay a cable consisting of 4 cores.
A thin wire does not transmit the signal well, so the distance must be taken into account - the further the tube is from the external panel, the larger the wire cross-section will be needed:
- if the wire length is up to 20 m, then you can use twisted pairs - SHVEV, KSPV, SHVEP;
- if the length is from 20 m to 40 m, a KVK cable is suitable;
- if the wire length is from 40 m to 50 m, then it is better to use a coaxial cable, suitable grades RK-75 and RG-6;
- if the length of the wire exceeds a distance of 50 m, then you need to purchase a power supply wire (section 2 * 1.5) and an RG-6 coaxial cable.
Electrical protection and wiring parameters
How to install an intercom? Intercom installation
Note! In order to carry the intercom-closing device into the apartment and not accidentally damage the wire, it is placed in a special corrugated tube.
Any system operates from the electrical network, which is protected by a fuse (10 A) or a circuit breaker (16 A). If such protection is not available, install a protective device (30 mA).
The intercom can receive power from a transformer. As a rule, wires are connected to the electricity generator, which extend from the intercom and the external panel. The power center is located separately. Or a speaking tube installed in a living room is plugged into a socket.
Instructions for installing the external panel
To be able to use an intercom in an apartment, you need to install an external panel on the street. To do this, you need to observe some points:
- the device must be at a certain distance, not lower than 160 cm from the ground;
- for a built-in housing, it is necessary to draw lines for the grooves, determine where the built-in box will be located;
- for the overhead panel, you need to mark the location of the fasteners, carefully make a hole for the dowels on which the device will be fixed;
- before making grooves, you should pay attention to the size of the corrugated pipe, measure its size and the size of the apparatus that will be built in;
- after installation, the built-in box must be fixed with a cement mixture;
- the corrugated pipe is placed in grooves and, if necessary, secured with nails;
- the nails are pulled out during puttying of the grooves with the pipe;
- then the wires are connected to the external panel, the excess is cut off;
- the street panel is installed on a built-in box.
At first glance, it may seem that the scheme is overly complicated. In this case, you can contact an intercom company that services intercom systems in the area.
Specially trained people connect the external panel, but they will not make grooves and place the cable in corrugated pipes.
Detailed information about the rules for installing an intercom handset in an apartment
Very often there is no need to install an external panel because the device has already been connected and working for a long time. If the apartment does not have an intercom, and the tenant wants to install one, he needs to either install it himself or invite employees from a specialized company.
If you choose the first option, you must adhere to the following instructions:
- as with the outer panel, it is required to maintain a certain distance - the inner tube can be placed no lower than one and a half meters from the floor;
- determine the place where it will take place corrugated pipe, stretching from the entrance - there may be several holes if the transformer is not built into the pipe;
- make grooves in which to place pipes, cement them, or putty them;
- determine the location for the intercom, mark and drill holes for fastenings;
- install the tube stand;
- fasten the device wires and access cables.
For the transformer (provided that it is located separately), you need to select right place. A distribution panel is suitable, on the platform of which a transformer can be installed.
Any system must be protected from voltage surges by a fuse. If all points are completed as stated in the instructions, the device will start working.
Details about installing a video intercom
Choosing a video intercom for apartment building, you should pay attention to the possibility of connecting a modern device simultaneously with a standard one. Sometimes devices are not compatible with each other.
As we have already found out, installing a video intercom requires a special cable, because it transmits more than just signals:
- some devices automatically save pictures;
- transmit a color picture;
- record a video or conversation;
- sometimes the device is connected to additional cameras, warning system, etc.;
- performs other interesting functions.
Before installing a video intercom, you need to choose a convenient place - ensure Free access to the power supply (preferably to a source uninterruptible power supply) so that maintenance can be carried out freely.
First you need to fix the monitor on special supports. For the convenience of the user, choose a place where the owner of the apartment can freely observe what is happening on the screen.
Then two cables are laid - one is responsible for transmitting video, the other supplies electricity. If you need to “hide” the wires in the wall, purchase boxes or corrugation, taking into account the cross-sectional size.
When preparatory work produced, connect the monitor. If the installation is not performed by a professional, you need to carefully study the instructions provided by each manufacturer. Installation must be performed in the specified sequence.
The four-wire video intercom has 4 multi-colored cables attached to it. Each color has its own function, for example:
- yellow color conveys sound;
- the red cable connects the device to the “power source”;
- the green wire ensures the monitor operates;
- The white cable allows you to stream video.
The next stage is to strip the cables and install them into certain contacts on the monitor. Most often, a spring connection system works - you have to connect the monitor using a screwdriver.
More popular electromechanical locks. They are easier to operate and work even without electricity. To ensure uninterrupted operation of a video intercom with such a lock, special elements are installed - closers. The closer regulates the speed at which the door closes.
At the request of the apartment owner, at the final stage, when all components of the system are connected, additional functions can be connected:
- several video cameras;
- fire alarm, etc.
What to consider for those wishing to install an intercom
Before, its owner needs to determine:
- which device to choose – audio intercom or video intercom (black and white, color);
- how much money he is willing to pay for the installation of equipment and the device itself;
- do other residents of the entrance agree to participate in this event;
- how many tubes will be installed in the apartment;
- Which company can you trust to maintain the intercom system or can the homeowner handle it? on our own.
When the decision to mount a device (mechanical or magnetic) has been made, the following points need to be studied in more detail.
Today, homeowners are thinking about whether they need to install an intercom in their home. They are also haunted by thoughts regarding which manufacturing company to choose for their own building and whether, if they try, it is possible to install an intercom on their own, without turning to special companies.
Also present on the calling device special contact, which is necessary to control the electric lock.
This is the absolute minimum for a video intercom to work; it will allow you to identify the person calling, but you also need a lock to provide or deny access to the premises; locks are either electromechanical or electromagnetic.
The locks on the electromagnet remain locked due to the fact that current flows through the coil inside, but this is where design features come into play. If the voltage disappears, the lock will automatically open; to prevent this, it is necessary to install uninterruptible source nutrition.
Uninterruptible power supply – power supply with an installed battery.
An electromechanical lock closes automatically and opens using a built-in electromagnet; the lock itself comes in two types, with a conventional electric latch or with a key hole. The second option should be chosen by those who want to install an intercom in Vacation home, since in this case the owner of the house will be able to open the gate, even if there is no one at home.
Electromagnetic locks consume quite a lot of current, which is why it is best to use a separate power supply. At the moment, there is such a thing on the market as a BUZ, a lock control unit, which can replace standard power supplies in electromagnetic locks.
The BUZ can receive energy from a weak current source and accumulate it for a long time, and when it is necessary to open the gate, it will give part or all of the accumulated energy to an electromagnet.
In Russia, the climate is especially harsh, so sometimes in severe frost it is not always possible to open the gate with a key, here an additional lock in the form of electronic key or a chip, for its operation you will need a reader and a controller for the lock.
To open the gate from the inside and at the same time, being in the courtyard of the house, a special button with good contact is useful; such a button is installed next to the gate itself.
Also, for the intercom lock to work properly, you may need a door closer.
Based on the above, to create a full-fledged intercom in the house you will need the following things:
- Intercom handset
- Call panel
- Power supply or replacement unit
- Reader
- Controller
- Door closer
- Button for opening the gate from the yard
When you buy components for an intercom from different manufacturers, then look at their voltage and current to ensure compatibility, and do not forget about the temperatures at which devices located outdoors can operate.
In addition to the equipment described above, wires will also be needed; the main wire for the power supply can be a double copper wire with the name VVGng 2x0.75.
For signal wires, you can use twisted pair, as is done in computer networks, especially good option there will be an FTP or STP pair, they transmit almost no interference and are shielded.
You can also find special wires for intercoms; they are produced by industry.
So, for a regular intercom, the KSPV cable is perfect, and for a video intercom, a good option would be SHVEV or SHVEP, they have one shielded core.
It is worth noting that the letter “P” in the ShVEP cable means that it is suspended, so it can be used for open installation.
Cables can be laid both underground and above ground; for the first option, corrugated or ordinary straight plastic pipes will be used, and in the second case, a regular cable channel, which is used for the rest of the wires, will help.
You may also need the following things:
- Termination for multiple wires
- Heat-shrinkable tubing in various sizes
- Regular insulation tape
- Terminal blocks
- Various devices for fastening wires
Necessary tools for connecting an intercom
To install an intercom in your home you will need standard set electrician's equipment, this includes a screwdriver, wire cutters, pliers, drill or hammer drill and other similar tools.
To solder the wires you will need a regular 40-60 W soldering iron with flux and solder.
In addition, a hot air gun would be a good addition; it perfectly removes old insulation from wires and can be used to connect lugs together.
Popular schemes for connecting an intercom
This subheading will describe standard intercom connection diagrams; it is best to install them if you are versed in electrical engineering; if not, you can simply ruin the recently purchased device. If you don’t understand what you’re doing, it’s better to contact a specialist.
Before you start installing the intercom, carefully read the instructions from the seller, you can highlight a lot of useful information there.
This is what one of the ways to connect a regular intercom with a calling device, as well as an electromechanical lock, looks like:
Notice that here the normal open contract that controls the lock is inside the speaking handset.
Also make sure that the output voltage and power of the control unit or power supply correspond to the lock parameter.
This figure shows a model for connecting a video intercom; here the contact that controls the lock is located inside the calling panel:
Often, in order to install a power supply, you have to run 220 V wires to it, and this is not always convenient, here the BUZ, which was already mentioned above, will come to the rescue, here is a picture that shows how to connect an intercom with a BUZ:
The BUZ itself is small in size, so many experts install this drive inside the lock itself.
When installing this option It should be understood that it will only function if the voltage of the call block matches the voltage parameter of the opening lock.
The last one will be a diagram of how to connect an intercom that has an electronic key reader and a controller for working with an electromagnetic lock:
Where should I install the intercom elements?
Before you begin installing all the components of the intercom, you should determine where they will be located, especially attention should be paid to where the handset for conversation or the terminal with a monitor will be located; an excellent option for the location of these elements could be the kitchen or hallway, in other words, those places where people visit most often.
The next step will be laying the wires, both power and signal, only after that the installation of the intercom itself begins.
At the end of the work, the electrical parts are connected and the overall functionality of the device is checked.
How to lay cables?
Wires and cables can be routed using special corrugated pipes, as well as using plastic or metal pipes.
The first option is perfect if you need to run wires outside or behind a plasterboard wall; laying wires using a cable channel is also an additional option.
Underground, it is best to use low-pressure polyethylene pipes and bury them to a depth of about half a meter.
Remember that when laying a cable for an intercom, the power and signal wires should not be placed in the same place; if they are located close together, interference in the form of sound signals during a conversation and interference on a video call is likely to appear.
Here are some more tips that will help you install an intercom efficiently:
- When installing at the ends of the wires, leave a little length for reserve; now this will help in easier installation, and in the future it will make repairs much easier
- If the common wire has to be connected from several parts, then you should use a soldering iron and special tubes for heat shrinking
- When laying the wire to the opening lock, a bend will appear; flexible protection should be put in its place
Video intercom installation
How to install the calling panel?
When you install a call panel for a video intercom, you should do it in such a way that there is maximum visibility in front of the gate; a good option would be to rotate the panel towards the gate.
How to install a speaking handset?
In most cases, the intercom complex always comes with convenient fasteners and additional things, because of this, serious problems should not arise.
A socket should be placed next to the handset, and the handset itself should be placed at such a height that it is comfortable for all family members.
How to install the controller?
The controller should be placed next to the calling device and the virtual key reader; it can be placed in a special sealed box or hidden somewhere in a niche. Make sure that the controller is not exposed to water or direct sunlight.
On video: Z-5R controller programming touch memory keys
How to connect and set up an intercom?
The intercom blocks should be connected based on the installation diagram; before doing this, in order to avoid confusion, all the wires should be marked in different colors on the diagram itself.
When using wires with big amount The cores should be fitted with special tips, this will improve the connection of the contacts.
Based on extensive practice, it should be said that a well-configured intercom starts working immediately and does not need to be configured several times.
On video: Connecting a video intercom, calling panel, controller, reader, electro-mechanical lock
How to program electronic keys?
When using the controller as a key reader, you can program the chip.
This can be done either by using a special master key or by going into programming mode using jumpers.
This is how programming using a master key is performed: first, this same key is brought to the reading device, and the controller must be switched to programming mode. Then a key is brought to the same device, which in the future will open the gate, after which the controller includes the key number in the base and it can safely open the door.
If there is no special key, then jumpers will help; how to use them is written in detail in the instructions.
Conclusion
From the article you learned what it is like to install an intercom in a private house with your own hands.
We hope this helped you.
From year to year we regularly paid the monthly fee for the intercom, and everything was fine. But then the intercom operators suddenly decided that they were the smartest and pretended that there had been no payment for the last six months.
Residents who still had receipts ran to prove the fact of payment. But I don’t even have receipts. I paid via the Internet. Of course, I tried to print something out there and show it to someone, but... they either don’t hear or don’t want to hear. In the end, I got tired of everything, and I decided not to pay until they sorted it out themselves.
And then one day a friend calls me and tells me that my intercom doesn’t work (it just doesn’t ring into the apartment). When you try to dial a number, everything is reset, an error signal sounds and “Err” appears on the indicator.
I came to the conclusion that there can only be one reason for this - the intercom operators turn off the intercom in such an original way for non-payment (they can do this for one apartment).
In general, of course, there may be other reasons, but I know exactly why my intercom doesn’t work. Apparently they think I have to pay for the same service twice.
Interestingly, I was still able to enter the entrance using my set of keys. You can't just open the door by pressing a button on the handset. If guests come, you have to go downstairs and open it manually.
It is clear that in this situation it makes no sense to contact a company that services the intercom. I had to figure out for myself how it turns on.
Let's first determine why the intercom may not work:
- The call to your apartment has been disconnected (an error sounds when dialing the apartment number). You cannot call from the street and, accordingly, you cannot open front door by pressing a button in your apartment. The most common option.
- We have deleted your keys from the intercom memory. In this case, you cannot get into the entrance using your tablet keys. The other residents' keys work as always. This is not usually done, but there have been cases.
- Any technical malfunctions of the units, wire breaks (intentional or not), acts of vandalism, etc. These cases are always very individual and will not be discussed in this article.
Let's see what can be done using the Visit intercom as an example.
If the call to your apartment does not go through
Most likely, the so-called “intercom mafia” did this to force you to pay for a previously imposed service. They do this without entering the entrance, changing the intercom settings using the master key.
But, fortunately, this is easily fixable.
So, to connect a disconnected Vizit intercom, proceed as follows.
That's all!
We make sure that the intercom was able to be unlocked (calling to the apartment works), and return the jumper on the ECU board to its place. Otherwise, the intercom operators will ignore your manipulations and come up with some other trick.
Once again, without further comment. To turn on the call, dial:
#999 1 8 00# 1 *
Instead of 00 you need to substitute your apartment number. Then return the jumper to the “WORK” mode, close the lid and quietly leave.
What to do if the key does not work
These are again the tricks of the “intercom mafia.” They simply erase information about your keys from the intercom and that’s it.
The problem can be solved in two ways:
- ask your neighbors for one of the keys and go make a couple of copies for yourself and your family members. The city is full of craftsmen providing this service. Advantage this method the fact that you will never be disconnected again;
- record all your keys into the intercom memory again. To do this, you will again need access to the control unit (ECU) in order to switch it to programming mode (read how this is done a little higher).
Regardless of which method you choose, we proceed as follows.
We open the ECU, put the jumper in the PRG position, go down and switch the intercom to the service settings mode:
#999 (the signal will sound twice) 1 (single beep) 3 (squeak again) APARTMENT NUMBER#
After the apartment number and hash have been entered (if the number is 3-digit, then you do not need to press the hash), a single signal should sound. This means that everything is OK, the memory is free and ready to write the key. If you hear four beeps in a row and the word lights up on the indicator "FULL"- this means that you won’t be able to write down the keys; you will have to clear the memory first.
After a single beep, place your key on the reader. You should hear a double squeak and see the inscription on the indicator "YES". This means your key has been successfully written into memory. We apply the next key, then the next one, etc.
When you run out of keys, be sure to press the asterisk * (this is so that all settings are saved). And also be sure to return the jumper back to hide traces of tampering.
You can add another key in the same way. Let's say you want your friend to be able to freely enter the entrance using the key to his Visit intercom. In this case, you can simply enter the key recording mode as described above and add its key. All previously recorded keys will be saved (i.e., you do not need to record all the keys from the very beginning each time).
As you can see, there is nothing easier than connecting an intercom yourself that was disconnected for non-payment. Just download the instructions () and carefully read what is written there. For example, you can set your own individual code that will open the intercom without a key. Or you can write down your own master key so that you don’t have to go into the box and rearrange jumpers on the board every time :)
P.S. Am I the only one who finds it strange that our entire house has to pay someone for some mythical service? For example, I have never seen anyone do any work with our intercom (well, lubricate something, adjust it, paint it).
And the strangest thing is that some sharazhka office considers itself the right to prevent people from getting to their home. I also don’t understand on what basis they even interfere with the operation of the intercom? It belongs to the residents of our building, we bought it with our own money, so there’s no need to stick your fingers into it.
In modern entrances, special conversational devices are most often installed as access devices. They allow you to protect your safety and the safety of your property. Connecting the intercom Vizit (Visit), Falcon Eye, Commax (Commax) and Metakom is most often carried out by special service companies, but this can be done with your own hands.
Intercom design
An intercom is a device that allows someone to enter a room, or vice versa, to deny entry, without direct contact with him. The device has gained particular popularity literally in the last decade; previously, combination locks were most often used to protect front doors.
Photo - system designAn intercom in an apartment or private house consists of a handset, a calling panel, video equipment (if necessary additional connection monitoring the door or gate), lock and switch. Let's consider functions of each part:
As an additional security feature, the call can also be supplemented with the ability to connect a video intercom (Kenwei KW-4HPTN, Kocom KCV-A374SD). In this case, all data is transmitted using the camera to a special TV or computer. Unlike an audio intercom, a video system is more reliable in use, because in addition to making a call, visitors are also visually monitored.
Photo - video intercom wire connection diagram Types of intercoms
There are several types of intercoms that are used to protect against uninvited guests in an apartment or private building. Their connection varies depending on the type:
- Digital (Eplutus EP-2297C, Gardi GRD, Hyundai HA-201);
- Coordinate matrix (AVC-305, Commax CDV-DPV-43 MTN, Laskomex).
Digital They work on the following principle: when making a call, they transmit a signal over a two-wire line, in which the number of the connected apartment is recognized. In this case, so-called jumpers are used for pairing, which transmit signals through a twisted grid to a specific handset. Each tube, in turn, is equipped with microcircuits. It is very convenient that you can connect all apartments not only in the entrance to such a controller, but also on a specific floor.
Intercom connection diagram coordinate matrix type simpler and more reliable, therefore it is more popular. A switch is connected to the coordinate communication device, which switches the signal to a specific handset when calling. The connection is made using wires of tens and ones, i.e., each apartment is designated by two cables, the numbers of which are not repeated. To establish communication, the signal is sent through the DAT1 line to the switch. After this, the modulator transforms and processes the received information and connects to one specific “Unit” and one “Ten”. Afterwards, thanks to an electromagnetic relay, a connection is made to a specific apartment via a LIN telephone line.
Photo - digital model connection diagram Most often, such a connection is parallel, which greatly facilitates self-installation. The only thing you need to remember is the polarity of the intercom calling panel, electric lock and apartment handset. If the electrical connection is made incorrectly, then the operation of not only a specific subscriber, but also the entire security system is disrupted.
Photo - intercom control unit Installation rules VIZIT intercoms
Connection
Step-by-step instructions on how to independently connect the Eltis, Cyfral (Digital) video intercom with the z 5r controller:
- You can connect a key reader (touch memory) or a buzzer, a button that will be used to open an electromechanical lock, a backlight, the lock itself and a power supply to this controller;
- The buzzer and door sensor are optional parts, while the operation of the entire system depends on the door open button and power supply. If necessary, a screen can also be installed; optical control can be carried out through the monitor;
- To connect the board, a terminal block is most often used, the contacts of which will connect the necessary network wires;
- Afterwards, simply connect all the necessary wires to the apartment tube and check the correct polarity.
Also very popular domestic models intercoms, in particular KS-2006. To connect them, schemes with two switches, one connection module, for several subscribers, etc. can be used.
What to do if the Factorial or Eltis intercom is disconnected from the power supply:
Prices for repairs or installation of intercom systems may vary depending on the city and the specific company. On average, the price of connecting an intercom varies between 200–500 rubles (the price is indicated only for the work, without the price list for the wires used). For example, connecting the MVK-325 UKP calling panel in Moscow and St. Petersburg will cost 500 rubles.