Perennial garden chrysanthemum from seeds, care and planting, photos, varieties. Korean chrysanthemum: growing from seeds, varieties

Chrysanthemums are desirable flowers in any garden. There are several reasons for this. The main one is that they bloom late, at a time when there are practically no other flowers in nature. Thanks to chrysanthemums autumn garden will look fun and beautiful. Because of this, growing chrysanthemums at home never ceases to be fashionable.

Another reason many people plant chrysanthemums is their simplicity. Yes, there are certain rules for caring for a flower, but they are not so extensive and significant. In most cases, chrysanthemums take root well, grow and bloom profusely. In this article, we will look at the secrets of growing chrysanthemums at home, as well as ways to reproduce them.

Chrysanthemums: care and cultivation

Can chrysanthemums be grown at home? Of course. It is not at all difficult to look after them. Growing chrysanthemums at home includes a set of seasonal measures. In the spring, the plant needs one care, in the fall, another. The importance of It has correct fit... After all, it is easier to adjust the irrigation or fertilization regime than to change the place where the chrysanthemum grows. Care and cultivation in the country requires special attention to this question, because you are not always here, and, therefore, you cannot constantly control the situation. So, you need to insure yourself.

Correct fit

How to grow chrysanthemums at home? First, find a suitable place for the flower. It should be:

accessible to sunlight and air;
nutritious;
moderately moist.

In order for the site to meet all these parameters, it must be at a certain elevation. In this case, the plant will be well illuminated by the sun. This will help the bush to form properly. If the sun is not enough, then the chrysanthemum begins to reach for it, growing too much. In this case, long stems will remain semi-feathery, and flowering will be rare. In some cases, these chrysanthemums do not bloom at all.

An elevated location is also favorable in terms of soil moisture. Excess water will just flow down. This is important, as in too wet soil, the roots of the chrysanthemum begin to rot. Various pests can grow on the stems that love moisture. Shaded areas can exacerbate this problem. Fungus is especially worth wary of. It affects the bottom of the stems as well as the roots of the plant.

Chrysanthemums love saturated soil big amount minerals and nutrients. In a soil poor in such elements, the flower will be weak, its stems will develop poorly, and the buds may not appear at all. Unlike the previous conditions, this problem can be dealt with. Just fertilize the soil before planting the plant and after the chrysanthemum has already taken root. To do this, apply nitrogen fertilization. You can throw some compost into the pit before planting.

Chrysanthemums are planted at a depth of 30-40 centimeters. You don't need to dig it deeply, because root system the flower develops in width. If the flower grows large and is unstable, it is advisable to tie it up. The distance between chrysanthemums should be at least 40-50 centimeters. It is especially important to maintain a distance between globular varieties. this flower as they need space to form a dome.

After planting, the plant needs to be shaded a little. Watering from the first days should be moderate.

When is the best time to plant chrysanthemums? It is better to start growing chrysanthemums at home with planting flowers in spring. So you can take care of them until late autumn, adjusting the conditions of their maintenance. If you plant chrysanthemums in October or even later, you cannot be sure of their rooting. And even if the flowers seem to you quite accepted, there will be no guarantee that they will overwinter.

Small decorative chrysanthemums are often planted in a flowerpot and kept as indoor.

Watering

Chrysanthemums love moderate watering. With a lack of it, the stems will begin to wilt, and with an abundance, they will rot and become infected with a fungus. Experienced florists believe that sometimes it is better to underfill the water under the root of the chrysanthemum than to pour too much. That is why these flowers are planted on a dais so that excess moisture can go down.

Make sure that there are no depressions or pits near the chrysanthemum. After rains, water can be retained in them, which will negatively affect the condition of the plant.

How to fertilize the soil for a chrysanthemum

Growing chrysanthemums in the country or at home must necessarily include the introduction of dressings. Since the flower needs an increased amount of nutrients, it is necessary to fertilize the soil near it, starting in spring. At the end of March-beginning of April, it is already possible to make nitrogen fertilizing. You can buy them in the store or make your own using a mullein. These types of fertilizers stimulate the growth of flowers. In spring and summer, when chrysanthemum bushes are just forming, this is just the way.

From the end of August, it is already necessary to apply potash and phosphate fertilizers. You can buy a combination remedy that includes them. These types of fertilizers promote bud growth and abundant flowering. The plant also needs them to accumulate resources for wintering.

Since the end of October, the chrysanthemum does not need any fertilizers. At this time, she is in the period of her abundant flowering. In November, you can already start preparing for the winter.

Pruning

Chrysanthemums should be pruned twice a year. In spring and summer, this is done in order to form a beautiful bush. In particular, the growing point on the top is removed from the plant. After that, they begin to actively grow side shoots and the chrysanthemum becomes lush. It is necessary to cut off the top a few days after planting the flower, then the procedure is repeated after 20 days.

If you have a spherical chrysanthemum, you do not need to pinch it. She will grow anyway lush bush in the form of a dome. This is due to its varietal properties.

It is also necessary to prune the chrysanthemum in the fall. First of all, at this time, diseased, dry and rotten shoots are removed. This is done for sanitary purposes, so that the entire bush does not become infected in winter. Some growers also shorten all other shoots. But this should not always be done. The need for full pruning arises if you are going to cover the plant for the winter outdoors. In this case, you need to reduce the bush in volume so that it fits under the insulation frame. If you do not apply special measures for covering, then it is better not to cut off the top of the chrysanthemum. This can harm the plant.

Treatment

Chrysanthemums, like any other flowers, can be susceptible to disease and also be attacked by pests. In such situations, it is important to take timely measures so that the infection does not kill the chrysanthemums and does not spread to neighboring flowers.

If the chrysanthemum is affected by a fungus, then spray it with Fitosporin or another similar preparation. Also, make sure that the moisture level is reduced in the area with flowers.

Sometimes appears on a chrysanthemum powdery mildew... It is clearly visible on the affected leaves. It is necessary to deal with it by introducing potassium-phosphorus fertilizing, as well as reducing the level of moisture. Also, make sure that no water gets on the leaves when watering.

Chrysanthemum is also affected by ticks. They are neutralized with insecticides, which are sold in flower shops. The most effective is Karbofos.

Preparing for winter

Care and cultivation of chrysanthemums in the country includes such a stage as preparation for wintering. It should start in September, when the plant is just getting ready to bloom. At this time, it is already necessary to apply potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. They will give the plant strength for wintering.

In November, when chrysanthemum leaves begin to wither, you should think about hiding it for the winter. After sanitary pruning, you will need to build a frame over the plant, and then cover it with polyethylene or other insulating material. These measures will be sufficient for the wintering of a common chrysanthemum. But if your flower is not a frost-resistant variety, then it is better to dig it up by the roots and store it in the cellar until spring.

When implementing the care and cultivation of chrysanthemums in the country, remember that in the winter you will not be able to look after it. Therefore, it is better to put it in the cellar. This way you can be sure that it will not freeze and will not stick.

Reproduction

How to grow a chrysanthemum, it became clear to you from the previous sections of this article. But surely this information is not enough for amateur flower growers, but I would like not only to have a chrysanthemum on my site, but also to propagate it to several bushes. This can be done in several ways.

Cuttings

To reproduce in this way, you need a strong and healthy chrysanthemum branch. It is easy to choose, since the condition can be judged by outward appearance... A flower from a bouquet is also suitable for cuttings.

In order for the branch to take root, it must be sprinkled with a root former and planted in moist soil. At the same time, make sure that the earth does not dry out until the plant is well established. You can also put the cutting in a glass of water to let it take root in it. After that, the plant is planted in a flowerpot or open ground.

Separation of the rhizome

This method of breeding chrysanthemums is the simplest. You just need to dig out part of an already formed flower bush and transplant it separately. This is not difficult.

Reproduction through seeds

Can a chrysanthemum be grown from seeds? This method is indeed sometimes used. True, it is not suitable for globular chrysanthemums, because they are artificially bred. If you plant the seeds of Multiflora, then an ordinary chrysanthemum will grow without a hint of varietal characteristics.

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds at home can be done seedling method... For this, a suitable box is selected and a loose, fertile earthy mixture is poured into it. Do not forget about high-quality drainage. After that, chrysanthemum seeds are planted at a depth of 25 centimeters. It is advisable to put 2-3 seeds in one hole. After the seedlings sprout and grow a little, it must be thinned out. You can also picket plants in separate disposable cups.

Chrysanthemum seedlings are planted in mid-February - early March. By May, the plants will be ready to be transplanted outside.

How to grow chrysanthemum from seeds in open ground? To do this, they should be planted in early May in well-moistened soil. Thereafter, the flowers are often watered until germination. When the chrysanthemums sprout, they are thinned out. We hope that our article has answered the question: how to grow chrysanthemums at home. See also the video "Growing chrysanthemums at home."

Chrysanthemum is one of the most beautiful herbaceous plants of the Astrov family. They are high, low, perennial, annual. They can be grown from seeds, seedlings, dividing the bush. It is easy to care for chrysanthemums; even an inexperienced gardener can handle these plants. In the article we will tell you about the cultivation of chrysanthemums, we will give recommendations for care.

Growing from seed in a seedling and non-seedling way

From seeds, you can grow not only annual, but also perennial varieties. You can get a plant in two ways:

Sow seeds directly into the ground (seedless method);
Sow seeds for seedlings.

Before sowing the seeds, you need to prepare the garden bed. It is better to do this in May with the arrival of heat. In the southern regions, sowing dates are shifted by a month, and it is possible to sow seeds in open ground in April. Then:

The garden is watered.
As soon as the water is completely absorbed, holes are made at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other. Embedding depth no more than 1.5 cm.
Each planting place fits 2-3 chrysanthemum seeds.
From above, the plant is sprinkled with soil.
The bed is covered with a film before the first shoots appear. It will help maintain moisture and prevent the top layer of the earth from drying out.
After three weeks, the first shoots will appear. From this point on, the film is removed.
Seedling care is simple: they need to be watered in a timely manner, fertilized, loosened, and weeds removed.

Tip # 1. As soon as the sprouts are opened according to the third true leaf, they are thinned out, leaving one in the nest. The rest can be deposited on permanent place.

To grow seedlings, you need to prepare the soil, containers, seeds. For germination of seeds, a container is taken with a depth of at least 6 cm. Prepared soil is poured into it. Seeds are laid out on top of the soil at a distance of at least 3 cm from each other. Separate containers such as cups can be used. They sow 2-3 seeds in a nest. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with sand, a layer of 1 cm.

Crops are watered and covered with glass or transparent plastic bag... At a temperature of 18-20 degrees, they emerge in 2-3 weeks. As soon as the shoots hatch, the shelter is removed. In an open container, the earth will dry out quickly, and the shoots may die. It is important to monitor the soil and irrigate in a timely manner.

Soil preparation for growing flowers

When sowing chrysanthemums seedlings, it is important to properly form the soil. The following mixture will be ideal (taken in equal parts):

humus;
peat;
sifted flower land for greenhouses (it is sold in stores).

Seed sowing dates

When growing chrysanthemums from seeds, it is important to observe the sowing time. They will be different for annual and perennial plant varieties.

Sowing dates	Flowering, annual chrysanthemums	Flowering, perennial chrysanthemums
End of February	The beginning of June	July - early August
March	Early July	August
April	End of July - beginning of August	September - early October
May (seeding in OG)	From mid-August	Rarely bloom in late October. Chrysanthemums usually bloom the following year.

The flowering of chrysanthemums of annual varieties, most often occurs three months after the emergence of seedlings. Perennial varieties bloom later, after about 4-4.5 months.

Temperature and lighting for growing seedlings from seeds

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds is not an easy way

When sowing seeds, it is important to observe the correct temperature regime and lighting mode. It depends on how quickly the sprouts will appear and how they will develop. Seed germination occurs at a temperature not lower than 18 degrees. If you plan to sow directly into open ground, then it is better to do this not earlier than May, when the danger of frost has passed.

For the southern regions, sowing can be done a month earlier. When growing in seedlings, it is important to ensure good lighting... The March crops will have enough daylight, but the February seedlings must be supplemented (at least 12 hours a day).

Seedling watering rules

After sowing the seeds, it is important to maintain the moisture in the topsoil. For this, the soil in containers is sprayed from a spray bottle. As soon as sprouts appear, you can water with a watering can with a spray nozzle or very gently along the side of the container. Watering the seedlings is necessary as the soil dries up. If the earth dries up completely, then small, not yet matured sprouts die.

After blooming the second true leaf, the watering intensity is slightly reduced. At this time, the roots penetrate deeper into the earthen lump and can use moisture in the lower layers. Therefore, watering the seedlings from this period should not be immediately, but give a few more hours to dry out.

Tip # 2. It is necessary to loosen the soil between waterings. This will allow the roots to breathe and develop faster. The ideal scheme would be: watering - loosening - watering.

Fertilizers for feeding chrysanthemums

Different plant varieties have their own preferences for the composition of fertilizers.

Chrysanthemum varieties	Fertilizer type	Composition	Solution preparation, dosage
Annuals	Phosphorus-potassium, nitrogen, vitamins and minerals	30 g nitrogen, 30 g phosphorus, 50 g potassium	Everything is mixed and diluted with 10 liters of water. The consumption of the mixture is 3 liters per plant
Perennial	Nitrogen-potassium fertilizers with a high potassium content	25 grams of phosphorus, 25 grams of nitrogen, 45 grams of potassium	Phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen are mixed in the specified proportion and diluted in 10 liters of water. It is watered at the root at the rate of 5 liters per adult plant.

Annual plants go through the growing season faster, so they need more fertilizer than perennial crops. For feeding, you can use:

Saltpeter;
Phosphate-potassium fertilizer;
Biohumus;
Agricola for flowering plants, seedlings;
Blank sheet for flowering plants.

Varieties of annual and perennial chrysanthemums

Seeds can be grown different varieties chrysanthemums, both annual and perennial.

Prevention of diseases and pests

Chrysanthemums, like other plants, are often exposed to pests and diseases. Of the pests, aphids most often affect them, spider mite... Various chemical agents: Karbofos, Aktara, Aktellik.

You can use infusions on natural ingredients, for example, tobacco dust, taken at the rate of 500 grams per bucket of water. The composition is added 50 grams laundry soap... The solution is infused for two days.
Garlic infusion showed a good effect on pests. To prepare it, you will need to mince 400 grams of garlic. The resulting gruel is diluted in a bucket of water and the plants are immediately treated.
With thickened plantings, there is a high risk of developing a nematode. Signs of defeat are pale leaves, curling, and ugliness of the buds. To combat the nematode, it is recommended to change the landing sites. In place of chrysanthemums, it is recommended to plant onions, cereals, garlic and other types of plants that do not subject disease. When transplanting, the roots of chrysanthemums are well washed with water, if necessary, the bushes are divided. If any part of the plant is infected, then the bush is completely utilized (burned).
In unfavorable regions, gray rot, powdery mildew can cause harm to plants. For the prevention and treatment of these diseases of chrysanthemums, it is recommended to carry out the treatment with a threefold spraying of Fundazole, copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid. The preparations should be diluted according to the instructions on the package.

To prevent the occurrence of any disease, thickened plantings should be avoided. When watering, water should not fall on the leaves. It is also important to remove fallen leaves and plant residues in time. The table below shows the most common types of chrysanthemum diseases.

Name	Description of the disease	Method of struggle
Septoria (leaf spot)	It appears as spots on the leaves. At first they are yellow, then they turn brown, they can turn black. First of all, the lower leaves are affected, gradually the disease rises up.	Remove all diseased leaves. Treat the plant with the drug: Copper sulfate, Hom, Ditan M-45, Rovral, profit, Ordan, Glyokladin. It is necessary to dilute the product strictly according to the instructions.
Rust	Pale areas of damaged leaves, powdery orange spots appear on the plant. Affected bushes do not bloom well.	All affected parts of the plant are removed. With a thickened planting, thinning should be carried out to improve ventilation. When watering, it is necessary to avoid getting water on the leaves. In case of severe damage, the plant is processed. To do this, use preparations containing sulfur: Bordeaux liquid, ABiga-Peak, Poliram, Strobi.
Plant wilting (fusarium wilting)	Plant pathology is manifested by browning, yellowing of the leaves. Affected bushes of plants lag behind in development, do not bloom. Getting into the soil, the roots become infected and the flow of water into the plant cells is blocked.	Destruction of all infected parts of chrysanthemums. Plant only varieties that are resistant to wilting. Raise soil pH to 7.0. Treatment of plants with a mixture boric acid and potassium permanganate in a 1: 1 ratio. The composition is abundantly processed and watered at the root of chrysanthemum bushes in June. Treatment with bio fungicides: Agat-25K, Fitomporin-M, Baktofit, Vitaros, Maxim. The drugs are diluted and applied in accordance with the instructions.

The use of chrysanthemums in landscape design

Chrysanthemums are a real boon for landscape decoration. In plantings, they are often combined with evergreens such as spruces, junipers, pines and other conifers. They are also used to decorate mixborders. For this, varieties are used with very different colors, but the same in height.

Landscape designers advise using chrysanthemums of different colors to create stylish compositions. Each shade has its own unusual background. For example, white and yellow varieties look perfect against the backdrop of a green lawn.

Chrysanthemum belongs to unpretentious plants. It grows well in any territory, regardless of climatic zone... It is important for her that the location is well lit. Otherwise, the plant is not whimsical, it is easy to care for it.

Answers to the most frequently asked questions

Question number 1. Is it better to plant chrysanthemum seeds in peat tablets or in the ground?

Seeds germinate equally well in tablets and in soil. But the tablets have some advantage: if necessary, the seedlings were transferred to a larger container, the plant in the tablet is more conveniently transplanted. To do this, you just need to put peat tablet into a container with soil. It is more difficult to transplant seedlings without pills. Her roots are injured. After such transplants, the seedlings get sick and take a long time.

Question number 2. When to plant seedlings in a permanent place?

The resulting seedlings are planted in a permanent place when the night temperature does not drop below 15 degrees.

Question number 3. Do I need to pinch chrysanthemum sprouts?

In order for the plant to begin to bush as early as possible, it is pinched. If this is not done, then the chrysanthemum will still begin to bush, but only when the central branch gains its growth.

Question number 4. Where is it better to grow chrysanthemum seedlings on a windowsill or in a greenhouse?

Seeds germinate at temperatures from 18 degrees. If it is lower, then the seeds will germinate for a long time. On the windowsill, the temperature stays at about the same level - about 18 degrees, and in the greenhouse, at night, it can drop to 10 degrees and below. Therefore, it is best to grow chrysanthemum seedlings from seeds on the windowsill, and from the moment 3-5 true leaves appear, it can be taken out to the greenhouse.

For cultivation on the site, two varieties are used: ground chrysanthemum and Korean.

Chrysanthemum belongs to the Asteraceae family. The flowering period lasts from September to October. Leaves are sessile, green with gray tint, stems are erect.

The height of the shrub can vary from 30 to 110 cm.The larger the shrub, the more flowers are formed on it, with favorable conditions can grow up to 100 inflorescences with a double or semi-double surface. The rhizomes of the plant are branched, with root shoots, penetrate into the soil to a depth of 25 cm.

The inflorescence of the chrysanthemum is a basket, it contains a large number of individual flowers.

The diameter of the inflorescence ranges on average from 5 to 10 cm. The shape of the flowers can be varied: flat, pompous, anemone. The color has a wide palette, the petals can be lilac, orange, crimson, pink, red, white, orange. A pleasant light aroma emanates from the flowers.

Chrysanthemums are planted in group plantings, combining shrubs with flowers different shades... Chrysanthemums complement those trees that change the color of their foliage with the change of season. You can also do group plantings with other perennials herbaceous plants or shrubs.

The most common types that are grown on sites:

The crowned chrysanthemum has a simple stem, the height reaches 70 cm, although it may be less. Basal leaves do not stay on the plant for a long time. Inflorescences are single or collected in groups. Leaves of this type can be used for food.
Chrysanthemum alpine low-growing plant, average height 15 cm. Leaves are collected in a rosette, single baskets, 3 cm in diameter. The flowering period lasts from July to August. This variety looks great on alpine coaster, also grown in pots, borders.
Chrysanthemum keeled is an annual species, it grows from 20 to 70 cm. The stem is erect, fleshy, the leaves are also dense. Inflorescences can be double and semi-double, have a pronounced aroma. The flowering period lasts from June to September, the flowering is abundant.
Shrub chrysanthemum high view, reaches 1 meter. Inflorescences are large, reach 5 cm in diameter, double or semi-double, can be located singly or in groups of 2-10 pieces. Flowers are tubular or ligulate.
Chrysanthemum mulberry (Chinese) - bred artificially, this is a low-growing plant whose height ranges from 30 to 130 cm. Shoots are erect, lignify over time. Inflorescences can be simple, semi-double or double, reach an average of 6 cm in diameter, emit a pleasant light aroma.
Korean chrysanthemums originated in a hybrid way. Flowers can be up to 15 cm in diameter, maximum height shrub 1 meter.

Hybrid varieties are easier to tolerate bad weather and temperature changes. They are less likely to encounter diseases and pests, and are distinguished by a long flowering period.

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds does not require much time and special conditions. The plant is not whimsical and adapts well to conditions environment... Not all types of chrysanthemums are grown from seeds, only some annual species, as well as Korean small-flowered representatives, are suitable. Other types of chrysanthemums can be obtained only by dividing the bush or by cuttings.

Sowing seeds of annual chrysanthemums can be done directly in open ground.

This is done in mid-May. Flowering occurs only in the fall, but if you want to see flowers as quickly as possible, then seedlings are planted, it quickly adapts to open ground and environmental conditions. The seeds of perennial chrysanthemums are sown at the end of January. If the winter is cold, then you can wait another month and sow chrysanthemums in February. The development of seedlings is slow, so if you plant a flower in the spring or later, then flowering will come only next year.

Soil for sowing seeds needs light, you can prepare it according to the following scheme:

1 part sand
1 part humus
2 pieces of leafy land

Expanded clay, gravel or other material that acts as drainage must be placed on the bottom of the seedling container. The seeds of annual species are planted to a depth of no more than 1 cm. If the chrysanthemum is Korean, then the seeds are laid out on the surface. The sprouts will appear in about 2 weeks; under favorable conditions, the period may be reduced.

While the seedlings are in containers, the ambient temperature should be within 18 degrees. The soil must be constantly moist, for this it is periodically sprayed from a spray bottle, preventing it from drying out. The water for spraying is warm and settled. When several full-fledged leaves appear, the plants dive into separate containers.

Seedlings are transplanted into open ground in early June, and if the weather permits, then a little earlier.

An open, sunny place is chosen on the site. Groundwater should not pass close to the surface, chrysanthemums do not like stagnant water. The soil should be light and fertile. In the fall, chrysanthemums are dug up and stored until spring in a cool room. This is done only in the first year while the plants have not yet matured. Further, no shelter is required for the winter, especially if the winter is mild.

Planting chrysanthemums in open ground

It is very easy to grow chrysanthemums outdoors, but this does not mean that it does not require special conditions:

The most important thing is to choose a sunny area.
In addition, the plant should not be affected by wind and drafts, so it is advisable that the flowers are blocked by a fence or a house.
For chrysanthemums, you need to find a flat area. This is due to in the spring, if the flowers are planted in the lowlands, then there is a great risk that during the melting of the snow, the water will drain and flood the plants. The same goes for rainy weather, a large amount of water can lead to the death of plants.
The ideal option for chrysanthemums is a place near hedges, it will let in light for flowers and protect from bad weather.

The flowering period of most varieties falls in autumn, so the light regime should be as natural as possible. If you make changes, then the petals of the flower can change their structure, the stem becomes less durable, the decorative effect of the flower is significantly reduced.

If there is not enough sun for the flower, then only flower buds... If the daylight hours are increased, then axillary buds, leaves and stems will be laid. That is, for the normal life of a plant, it needs an ordinary daylight hours so that all processes go on as usual.

If it is necessary for the chrysanthemum to bloom a little earlier, then during the formation of buds, the plant is covered from the sun. Then flowering can start 2 weeks earlier.

The Korean variety is the most hardy among the rest.

After winter, it begins to actively develop at temperatures from 2 degrees Celsius. If autumn began early and the first frosts fell during the flowering period, then this is not a big deal, chrysanthemum is able to withstand temperatures down to -10 degrees. If the plant froze during the autumn frosts, then after a while it can thaw and continue to bloom.

Chrysanthemum tolerates heat harder than cold. V summer days generative organs are laid, so the plant may underdevelop. In open ground, chrysanthemums are planted at the very beginning of summer or late May. You need to focus on the temperature of the soil, it should have time to warm up to 14 degrees, you need to check the temperature at a depth of at least 20 cm.

Watering chrysanthemums:

Be sure to water the plants after planting, this is especially important to do in July.
If there is a lack of moisture, especially in sunny, dry weather, flower buds may not form. It is from them that inflorescences will grow in the future.
If the soil does not have time to dry out due to the large amount of precipitation, then there is no need to water the plant.
With an excess of moisture, the plant will not feel bad, but the more juicy the shoots are, the greater the risk that they will freeze during autumn frosts.

Do not forget to moisten the soil in the first weeks after planting seedlings or cuttings that have not yet been rooted. The soil should be fertile, preferably loamy, with an acidity level of 6.5. Loamy soil retains heat well and can protect the flower during cold weather.

To grow chrysanthemums on sandy soil, peat and humus will need to be added to it during digging. If the plants get into the garden of their greenhouse, then it is better to store them indoors for the winter as well.

Chrysanthemums are often grown in indoor conditions... In order for chrysanthemums not only to actively develop, but also to bloom in a pot, it is necessary to select good soil.

You can purchase a special composition in the store, or you can cook it yourself, for this, the following components are used:

Garden arable land
Coarse sand
Granular peat
Bone flour

If you take a bucket of soil, then bone meal you will need a small pot, about 7 cm in size. The pot is not completely filled with compost, 1/3 of the container is not filled up. A sprout is placed in the mixture. It is installed so that the roots are on the surface, after which the remaining compost is filled up. You do not need to press down firmly on the ground after planting, so as not to damage the roots. Also, several plants should not be close to each other.

At the initial stage of cultivation, the soil is moistened with a spray bottle, it should not have time to dry out.

The sprouts must be immediately provided with bright sunlight... The optimum temperature at night is up to 10 degrees Celsius. Within a month, the root system should completely fill the pot. After that young plant transplanted into a larger pot. For adult plants, a slightly different soil composition will be required, it will include the following components:

1 part sand
1 part peat
3 parts garden soil
0.5 parts of dry manure
Handful of bone meal

Watering is carried out the day before the chrysanthemum transplant in new pot and immediately after. Until the stems of the plant have grown stronger, they will need support. It is not necessary to repot the plant anymore, only if the roots have made their way to the surface of the earth.

Chrysanthemums are not only able to decorate any interior. They are prized for the ability to grow them for cutting. For the latter, annual species are used, in particular keeled chrysanthemum. In order for potted chrysanthemums to develop more actively, you can use various stimulating biological products. They activate the growth of dormant buds, after which the crown becomes denser, and more buds are formed.

The following drugs are used:

Planta Miracle-Growth
Bud
Zircon

It was experimentally proved that the use of a light solution of potassium humate leads to an acceleration of plant development, an increase in the volume of the root system, an increase in the size of buds and the general decorative effect of plants.

Reproduction, caring for chrysanthemums and possible problems

Chrysanthemums can be propagated in several ways:

Rhizome division
By cuttings

Each method has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. The division of the bush is done immediately after winter. You need to have time to do this before young shoots appear. In the evening, the shrub is dug out of the ground, and the rhizome is divided into several parts. These parts are treated with a solution of potassium permanganate and planted on the site.

The plot is chosen sunny, a distance of 50 cm is kept between the bushes. Watering is carried out in a thin stream right at the root. In autumn, a part of the shrubbery bends over and is buried in the ground. To keep the branch well, staples are used. In the spring from this place will begin to grow new escape with its root system. In May, the soil is harvested and a new shoot is cut off. It can be left in the same place or transplanted to a new one.

The easiest way to propagate chrysanthemum by cuttings. In addition, it is guaranteed to turn out the same beautiful bush like an adult. The procedure is carried out in the spring and summer.

Chrysanthemum cuttings:

After the threat of frost has passed and the ground has thawed at a depth of 30 cm, suitable mother bushes are selected, the life of which is more than 1 year.
Flowers can be fed before breeding.
When the ambient temperature reaches +18 degrees, you can see that new shoots with matte leaves appear on the shrub. These shoots will be used for propagation and are pruned when they are no more than 25 cm in length.
In order for rooting to take place successfully, a plot of land with rich loosened soil is prepared, shading is done.
There should be a distance of 20 cm between the cuttings.

The first month you need to carefully monitor the soil moisture, otherwise the roots will not form. At first it may seem that the cuttings are withering, but when the root system is formed, they will come to life and begin to actively grow.

Young chrysanthemums need feeding every 2 weeks, if the weather is unfavorable or the soil is poor, then fertilization can be applied every week.

If a large number of buds or peduncles have formed, then it is advisable to remove the smallest and weakest ones. Then the rest will be largest and brighter.

The most common diseases and pests of chrysanthemums:

Gray rot
Powdery mildew
Leaf rust
Root bacterial cancer
Leaf spot
Meadow bug
Chrysanthemum nematode

Most of the problems arise from improper care of the chrysanthemum, in particular, insufficient or excessive watering. Can lead to diseases high humidity air.

Chrysanthemum is unpretentious plant, however, certain conditions must be met to obtain a lush shrub. Nutritious soil and bright light are the main factors for large, bright flowers.

Chrysanthemum is an annual and perennial plant of the Asteraceae or Asteraceae family. Greek this flower means "flower-sun". The fact is that most of the varieties have yellow inflorescences.

The ideal time for planting chrysanthemums is spring. We are waiting for the last frost and more. If you do this on time, the flowers will have time to take root well before autumn and prepare for winter. Autumn is not the time for transplanting. Chrysanthemums planted in open ground in October will definitely die. If the flowers were bought in the fall, then put them in a dry basement until spring (at + 5C). If the basement is too humid, the flowers will freeze.

For planting, rooted cuttings should be selected and, ideally, this is done in the spring. It should be planted in open ground at the end of May, beginning of June. You should also always remember that chrysanthemums cannot stand excessive moisture and shade. These capricious beauties you need to settle in sunny elevated areas.

Lack of sun will provoke the stretching of the shoots. Plants will be weak and bloom much later. There are many varieties of chrysanthemums, and each variety needs sunlight. All of them are no less demanding on the soil. For proper development and timely flowering, they need nutrients and moisture-permeable soil saturated with organic matter.

When preparing a bed for garden chrysanthemums, manure, compost or peat should be added to the ground. If you overdo it with fertilizers, then the flowers will become lush and green, but the flowering will be small. Coarse sand is also introduced. This will be a great drainage for the flowers.

As for the acidity of the soil, a neutral or slightly acidic ph in the range of 5.5 to 7.0 is suitable for chrysanthemums. Because of the above nuances, chrysanthemum may seem like a finicky flower, but if you plant it on the right place garden chrysanthemum will become not just a decoration of any garden, it will become its queen.

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds

Seeds can be used for both annual and perennial plants... In May, water is poured into the prepared holes (the distance between them is 25 cm) and several seeds are placed, then they are covered with soil, the bed is covered with a film to preserve moisture and heat. The film is removed when the first shoots appear. Carefully loosen the soil and remove the weeds. After a couple of weeks, young flowers need to be fed. For feeding, we strongly breed "Rainbow" or "Ideal". When the flowers reach 10 cm, one strong seedling with three or more leaves is left in the holes. We transplant the rest of the plants to another place. We advise you to grow seedlings for earlier flowering of chrysanthemums.

Growing chrysanthemum seedlings

Prepare shallow seedling boxes and fill them with a mixture of soil, peat, and humus (buy at the store). The store mix in bags is disinfected, and it is inexpensive. If you prepare the earth yourself, then you need to sift and calcine it at temperatures up to 130C.

First, broken brick is placed in the boxes as drainage, and then the earth. It remains to sow the seeds and sprinkle them with a layer of earth. If perennial chrysanthemums are sown, then you do not need to sprinkle with earth, just press down. Wet the ground with a spray bottle and wrap with plastic. Optimum temperature for germination 25C. Sometimes the film needs to be removed, ventilated and the seedlings watered with warm water. If everything is done correctly, then after a week and a half sprouts will appear. Now the boxes need to be placed in the brightest place. Remove the film first for an hour, then for a couple of hours, etc. When the seedlings get used to the environment, the film is removed completely. If there are a lot of seedlings, then sprouts with four or more leaves dive into a separate dish with the same family. To avoid damaging the young chrysanthemums during transplanting, water the soil in the box abundantly. Stretched up and weak sprouts go into marriage. The transplanted seedlings are sprayed with a solution of epin or zirconium so that they will take root better.

Chrysanthemum seedlings

Dived plants are kept on a light windowsill at temperatures up to 18C. Watering is carried out as needed, feeding twice a month. For feeding, a complex fertilizer is used. It is a good idea to provide the seedlings with additional lighting. Young chrysanthemums grow slowly, so please be patient. For 1.5 months, they can only grow by 20 cm.

Transplanting seedlings into the ground

In May, it is time to transplant chrysanthemums into the garden. Choose a rainy or cloudy day. If you are replanting on a sunny day, then this should be done early in the morning or after sunset. The holes are buried by 40 cm, watered, drainage, soil with vermicompost (20L1) are placed on the bottom. Now the flower is placed in the hole and covered with soil. The roots grow parallel to the ground, so it doesn't need to be deeply buried. If you have a tall variety, then provide a support.

After planting, immediately remove the growth point, pinch. After three weeks, pinch the top with 2-3 nodes. The seedlings should be shaded so that the sun does not burn the seedlings. Use non-woven fabric, position it so that it does not touch the leaves.

In the first season, many growers do not leave young plants to winter, and they plant them separately. The place for planting large-flowered chrysanthemums is selected especially carefully, it should be land without stagnant waters, caressed by the sun.

Small-flowered representatives can be immediately planted for permanent residence. They are not afraid of our winters. Seedlings are planted at a distance of 30x30 cm. Daily light watering is required until the seedlings settle in a new place and grow.

It must be said that it is not always possible to grow chrysanthemums from seeds. Chrysanthemums from seeds can lose their varietal characteristics and grow in other flowers. It happens that after a frosty winter they bloom in a different color. If this happens, then dig up chrysanthemums for the winter.

Formation of bushes

Chrysanthemums develop quickly; in one summer, a seedling can develop into a large bush, hung with flowers. And for this, the plant must be fed.

To give beautiful shape cut it off the bush. Pruning also does not allow the bush to grow too much, which is fraught with disease. To form chrysanthemums, from the beginning of June, they regularly pinch the top of the shoots. The last time is pinched 4 weeks before flowering. This plant needs to be replanted every three years, the bush is divided in the spring three years after the first planting. The first season requires four loosening. They will help develop the roots and form a bush. In the following seasons, loosening is not carried out, you can damage the regrown shoots. After the first winter, the bush is cut off and huddled. From frost, the bushes are covered with dry foliage and spruce branches. At the beginning of spring, spruce branches are harvested. When new shoots grow, the old stems are cut off, and the central one is twisted out of the ground.

Flowerbed partners

Chrysanthemums go well and live in friendship with sage. Blue sage with bronze or yellow chrysanthemums will look good. Red chrysanthemums will accentuate pink sage. You can decorate a flower garden with chrysanthemums with non-flowering plants or decorative cereals.

Chrysanthemums are popular garden and home plants. What conditions are necessary for a plant to form lush bright buds?

Chrysanthemum: description of the plant, variety of species

Gardeners love chrysanthemum not only for its beautiful lush bloom... It is one of the last to bloom, therefore it pleases the eye until the onset of cold weather. Chrysanthemum is found naturally in North America, China, Europe and Asia. There are about 150 of them. Chrysanthemums are grown not only in the garden as flowering plant, protected ground is also used, and flowers are used for cutting.

For cultivation on the site, two varieties are used: ground chrysanthemum and Korean.

Chrysanthemum belongs to the Asteraceae family. The flowering period lasts from September to October. Leaves are sessile, green with a gray tinge, erect stems.

The height of the shrub can vary from 30 to 110 cm. The larger the shrub, the more flowers are formed on it; under favorable conditions, it can grow up to 100 inflorescences with a double or semi-double surface. The rhizomes of the plant are branched, with root shoots, penetrate into the soil to a depth of 25 cm.

The inflorescence of the chrysanthemum is a basket, it contains a large number of individual flowers.

The diameter of the inflorescence ranges on average from 5 to 10 cm: flat, pompous, anemone. The color has a wide palette, the petals can be lilac, orange, crimson, pink, red, white, orange. A pleasant light aroma emanates from the flowers.

Chrysanthemums are planted in group plantings, combining shrubs with flowers of different shades. Chrysanthemums complement those trees that change the color of their foliage with the change of season. You can also do group plantings with other perennial herbaceous plants or shrubs.

The most common types that are grown on sites:

The crowned chrysanthemum has a simple stem, the height reaches 70 cm, although it may be less. Basal leaves do not stay on the plant for a long time. Inflorescences are single or collected in groups. Leaves of this type can be used for food.
Chrysanthemum alpine low-growing plant, average height 15 cm. Leaves are collected in a rosette, single baskets, 3 cm in diameter. The flowering period lasts from July to August. This variety looks great on alpine slides, it is also grown in pots, borders.
- an annual species, grows from 20 to 70 cm. The stem is erect, fleshy, the leaves are also dense. Inflorescences can be double and semi-double, have a pronounced aroma. The flowering period lasts from June to September, the flowering is abundant.
Shrub chrysanthemum is a tall species, reaching 1 meter. Inflorescences are large, reach 5 cm in diameter, double or semi-double, can be located singly or in groups of 2-10 pieces. Flowers are tubular or ligulate.
Chrysanthemum mulberry (Chinese) - bred artificially, this is a low-growing plant whose height ranges from 30 to 130 cm. The shoots are erect, lignify over time. Inflorescences can be simple, semi-double or double, reach an average of 6 cm in diameter, emit a pleasant light aroma.
Korean chrysanthemums originated in a hybrid way. Flowers can reach a diameter of 15 cm, the maximum height of the shrub is 1 meter.

Hybrid varieties are easier to tolerate bad weather and temperature changes. They are less likely to encounter diseases and pests, and are distinguished by a long flowering period.

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds does not require much time and special conditions. The plant is not whimsical and adapts well to environmental conditions. Not all types of chrysanthemums are grown from seeds, only some annual species, as well as Korean small-flowered representatives, are suitable. Other types of chrysanthemums can be obtained only by dividing the bush or by cuttings.

Sowing seeds of annual chrysanthemums can be done directly in open ground.

Soil for sowing seeds needs light, you can prepare it according to the following scheme:

1 part sand
1 part humus
2 pieces of leafy land

Seedlings are transplanted into open ground in early June, and if the weather permits, then a little earlier.

Planting chrysanthemums in open ground

It is very easy to grow chrysanthemums outdoors, but this does not mean that it does not require special conditions:

The most important thing is to choose a sunny area.
In addition, the plant should not be affected by wind and drafts, so it is advisable that the flowers are blocked by a fence or a house.
For chrysanthemums, you need to find a flat area. This is due to the spring period, if the flowers are planted in the lowlands, that is, there is a great risk that during the melting of the snow, the water will drain and flood the plants. The same goes for rainy weather, a large amount of water can lead to the death of plants.
The ideal option for chrysanthemums is a place near hedges, it will let in light for flowers and protect from bad weather.

If there is not enough sun for the flower, only flower buds will form. If the daylight hours are increased, then axillary buds, leaves and stems will be laid. That is, for the normal life of a plant, it needs an ordinary daylight hours so that all processes go on as usual.

If it is necessary for the chrysanthemum to bloom a little earlier, then during the formation of buds, the plant is covered from the sun. Then flowering can start 2 weeks earlier.

The Korean variety is the most hardy among the rest.

Chrysanthemum tolerates heat harder than cold. On summer days, generative organs are laid, so the plant may undergo development. at the very beginning of summer or late May. You need to focus on the temperature of the soil, it should have time to warm up to 14 degrees, you need to check the temperature at a depth of at least 20 cm.

Watering chrysanthemums:

Be sure to water the plants after planting, this is especially important to do in July.
If there is a lack of moisture, especially in sunny, dry weather, flower buds may not form. It is from them that inflorescences will grow in the future.
If the soil does not have time to dry out due to the large amount of precipitation, then there is no need to water the plant.
With an excess of moisture, the plant will not feel bad, but the more juicy the shoots are, the greater the risk that they will freeze during autumn frosts.

Chrysanthemums are often grown indoors. In order for chrysanthemums not only to actively develop, but also to bloom in a pot, it is necessary to select good soil.

You can purchase a special composition in the store, or you can cook it yourself, for this, the following components are used:

Garden arable land
Coarse sand
Granular peat
Bone flour

If you take a bucket of soil, then bone meal will need a small pot, about 7 cm in size. The pot is not completely filled with compost, 1/3 of the container is not poured. A sprout is placed in the mixture. It is installed so that the roots are on the surface, after which the remaining compost is filled up. You do not need to press down firmly on the ground after planting, so as not to damage the roots. Also, several plants should not be close to each other.

At the initial stage of cultivation, the soil is moistened with a spray bottle, it should not have time to dry out.

The sprouts must immediately be provided with bright sunlight. The optimum temperature at night is up to 10 degrees Celsius. Within a month, the root system should completely fill the pot. After that, the young plant is transplanted into a larger pot. For adult plants, a slightly different soil composition will be required, it will include the following components:

1 part sand
1 part peat
3 parts garden soil
0.5 parts of dry manure
Handful of bone meal

Watering is carried out the day before the chrysanthemum is transplanted into a new pot and immediately after. Until the stems of the plant have grown stronger, they will need support. It is not necessary to repot the plant anymore, only if the roots have made their way to the surface of the earth.

The following drugs are used:

Planta Miracle-Growth
Bud
Zircon

Reproduction, caring for chrysanthemums and possible problems

Chrysanthemums can be propagated in several ways:

Rhizome division
By cuttings

The plot is chosen sunny, a distance of 50 cm is kept between the bushes. Watering is carried out in a thin stream right at the root. In autumn, a part of the shrubbery bends over and is buried in the ground. To keep the branch well, staples are used. In the spring, a new shoot with its own root system will begin to grow from this place. In May, the soil is harvested and a new shoot is cut off. It can be left in the same place or transplanted to a new one.

The easiest way to propagate chrysanthemum by cuttings. In addition, it is guaranteed that you will get the same beautiful bush as an adult. The procedure is carried out in the spring and summer.

Chrysanthemum cuttings:

After the threat of frost has passed and the ground has thawed at a depth of 30 cm, suitable mother bushes are selected, the life of which is more than 1 year.
Flowers can be fed before breeding.
When the ambient temperature settles to +18 degrees, you can see that with matte leaves. These shoots will be used for propagation and are pruned when they are no more than 25 cm in length.
, a plot of land with rich loosened soil is being prepared, shading is done.
There should be a distance of 20 cm between the cuttings.

Young chrysanthemums need feeding every 2 weeks, if the weather is unfavorable or the soil is poor, then fertilization can be applied every week.

If a large number of buds or peduncles have formed, then it is advisable to remove the smallest and weakest ones. Then the rest will be largest and brighter.

The most common diseases and pests of chrysanthemums:

Gray rot
Leaf rust
Root bacterial cancer
Leaf spot
Meadow bug
Chrysanthemum nematode

Most of the problems arise from improper care of the chrysanthemum, in particular, insufficient or excessive watering. High humidity can lead to diseases.

Chrysanthemum is an unpretentious plant, however, certain conditions must be observed. Nutritious soil and bright light are the main factors for large, bright flowers.

More information about planting chrysanthemums can be found in the video.