Today we’ll talk about a building material that was recently considered purely for walls. Currently, manufacturers offer a variety of it that covers the roofs of buildings and structures. This is a sandwich panel roof. In the article we will examine issues related to the structure and composition of the material, its classification, as well as installation technology on rafter system roofs, taking into account some of the nuances of construction operations. Once you understand the information received, you will, as they say, be on the same page with the craftsmen who were entrusted with covering the roof with sandwich panels.
Roof made of sandwich panels Source forza.uz
What are sandwich panels
This is a three-layer material formed by metal sheets, between which insulation is laid. Either polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam or basalt wool. The first two options are preferable due to their higher technical and operational characteristics.
As metal cladding use galvanized steel sheet coated on top with either paint or a polymer layer. This primarily increases the protective qualities of the steel sheet, prolonging its difficult operation on the roof. Secondly, there is a huge variety of color designs, which allows architects and designers to solve some design problems.
In this case, all layers are glued together with a special compound - two-component polyurethane glue, which gives the three-layer structure special strength. It must be added that steel sheets are not necessarily a flat surface. Today, manufacturers mainly offer roofing sandwich panels for roofs with a profiled shape in the form of corrugated sheets. That is, with a trapezoidal or wavy shape.
Three-layer sandwich panel structure Source pedkolledj.ru
Advantages of sandwich panels
First advantage on the list positive characteristics this building material - full set roofing in terms of insulation and waterproofing. That is, by installing the panels on the roof, you solve the whole problem at once. Insulation is understandable, but waterproofing problems are solved bottom sheet galvanized sheet.
And others advantages:
long-term exploitation with proper installation;
small specific weight, and this reduces the load on the rafter system;
calmly withstands quite serious loads;
minimum deformation;
high sound and heat insulation characteristics;
high fire resistance;
elevated aesthetic quality;
rapidity roof assemblies;
the material is practically not susceptible climatic features of the region.
Let's add to this list that minimum slope roofs made of sandwich panels – 5 0 . But with one condition, that the panels will be selected taking into account the length of the house run. With a slope of more than 10 0, it is allowed to mount panels of various lengths, strictly joining them using a special technology.
And another one positive side. Sandwich panels are a universal material, so today they are used to cover roofs, regardless of the purpose of the building itself. Even for residential buildings.
High aesthetics of sandwich panel roofs Source st-taseevo.ru
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing and carrying out roofing work, finishing and insulating houses. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
Characteristics and dimensions
Let's start with the fact that this roofing material is produced by many manufacturers according to technical specifications. Although there is GOST number 32603-2012. True, the standard is intended for panels with mineral wool insulation.
So this document says that roofing sandwich panels, designated in the markings by the letter “K”, should be produced with exact dimensions:
thickness 50-300 mm;
width– strictly 1000 mm;
length from 2000 to 14000 mm.
Many manufacturers strictly adhere to these requirements. But they offer longer panels if you order them. At the same time, instead of mineral wool, higher-quality insulation materials are used in terms of both strength and reduced thermal conductivity. This is polystyrene or polyurethane.
As for metal sheets, as mentioned above, this is a flat surface, trapezoidal, wavy and knurled. The last one is grooves either in the upper or lower wave, which serve as stiffeners. Rolled panels are considered more durable roofing elements. By the way, rolling is done both on the lower steel sheet and on the upper one.
Standard sizes of sandwich panels Source postroika.biz
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular house projects, for the finishing of which sandwich panels and a ventilated facade were used - from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
And a few words about characteristics:
thermal conductivity depends on the type of thermal insulation material used: mineral wool 0.034-0.044 W/m K (depending on density), polystyrene foam - 0.03-0.04 W/m K, polyurethane foam - 0.019-0.025 W/m K;
density– 40-50 kg/m2;
life time- 50 years.
Installation technology
Let's start with the fact that a roof made of sandwich panels is, first of all, a quick and fairly simple installation. But, as with all construction operations, careful preparation is required.
Preparatory stage
It includes:
accuracy check planes of the roof purlin, no differences;
strict perpendicularity between support posts and crossbars;
check tilt angle stingrays;
if additional waterproofing, then they carry it out too.
Installation features
As already mentioned, installation is a simple process. But there are quite a lot of nuances on which the quality of the final result depends.
Let's start with the fact that a metal rafter system is laid under the sandwich roof panels. These are either standard steel profiles, or load-bearing elements made of galvanized sheets that imitate standard profiles. If the first option is used, then holes for fasteners will have to be made in the profiles in advance. If the second option is used, then thin galvanized elements can be easily drilled with metal roofing screws, which are used to fasten the roofing decking.
Sandwich panels are lifted onto the roof by a crane Source roofs.club
And one more point related to the processing of the material. Often panels have to be cut to length or width. A grinder cannot be used. The rotation speed of the cutting disc of a power tool is enormous. A zone of elevated temperature is formed on the cut surface, which burns the zinc and polymer layer, exposing the metal. It is at the cut points that the panels begin to corrode, which reduces their service life.
So, installation operations algorithm:
Necessary prevent contact sandwich panels with supporting structures. Therefore, the latter, or rather, their contact surfaces, are covered with sealing self-adhesive tape.
Crane panels are raised on the roof, where they are laid, starting from any side of the roof structure.
Adjacent panels are connected using a locking connection, which ensures complete tightness of the joint. Some manufacturers recommend additional use for sealing silicone sealant, which is applied to the surface of the lock.
All panels are attached to the supports with special self-tapping screws, which have two threads: the lower one for fastening to the support, the upper one for holding the upper steel sheet. The self-tapping screws are equipped with gaskets made of neoprene rubber, which does not change its qualities and properties under the influence of natural loads throughout its operation.
Self-tapping screws for fastening sandwich panels to supports and to each other Source krepezhinfo.ru
It is very important to tighten the screws correctly. Firstly, they are screwed into the upper wave of the sandwich panels. Secondly, you cannot overtighten them, this will compress the gasket, which means it will open the mounting hole slightly for moisture to penetrate. By the way, you also can’t underdo it for the same reason. Thirdly, the fasteners must be screwed in exactly perpendicular to the plane of the roofing.
Because lock connection– this is practically an overlap, then adjacent panels to be joined must be fastened together along the top galvanized steel sheets. For this, short metal screws are used.
Video description
Watch the video that shows how to properly cover a roof with sandwich panels:
Installation with transverse joints
If the length of the slope is large enough and this parameter cannot be covered with one panel, then laying the material with transverse joints is used. Here they use very interesting technology, which is based on the process of forming an overlap of two adjacent panels. This is done like this:
the bottom steel sheet is cut off on the overlap length of the panel that will be laid as the top element;
at the same distance the insulation is also cut off;
all that remains is top sheet;
trimmed this way the panel is laid on the adjacent one, covering part of the bottom panel with the remaining steel protrusion;
two joined panels attached to supports, and the overlap is done using small self-tapping screws with the obligatory coating of the overlap plane with sealant.
Please note that if the slope angle is 5-10 0, then the overlap should be within 300 mm, if the angle is above 10 0, then the overlap length is 200 mm. Look at the photo below, which shows how sandwich panels are laid using this technology, and in what order they should be installed on the roof.
Connection of sandwich panels along the length of the slope Source www.mpcomm.ru
In principle, at this point we can consider that the sandwich roof is ready. All that remains is to install the additional elements. This is primarily a hobby. Between the upper edges of the laid panels are laid thermal insulation material, and the top is covered with a metal element painted in the color of the sandwich panels. If there is an abutment of the roof to a protruding wall, then this joint is covered with a so-called flashing. This is an angular type profile, one shelf of which is attached to a vertical surface, the other to the surface of the panel, thereby closing the joint.
Roof ridge made of sandwich panels Source rsp.spb.ru
Video description
The following video is about the types and characteristics of sandwich panels:
Conclusion on the topic
Today, sandwich panels for roofing are one of the most popular materials of the new generation, especially in industrial construction. Simplicity of installation does not mean that this process can be carried out by illiterate and inexperienced craftsmen. It won't be too difficult to damage the panels. Therefore, it is very important to strictly follow the instructions provided by the manufacturers.
Sandwich panel roofing is a new word in the arrangement of pitched and flat roofs various configurations and sizes. Design features material allow you to create an airtight coating with ideal qualities. Sandwich technology involves the installation of ready-made roofing components. The construction of roofs using the roofing “pie” technology will require up to 50% less time than for laying other materials. ABOUT technical parameters building material, the features of its installation and operation are further discussed in the review.
What are sandwich panels
Sandwich panel is a building material with a three-layer structure. The components of the roofing panel are tightly bonded to each other using a two-component polyurethane-based adhesive. The upper and lower layers of the three-level system are made of thin-sheet galvanized steel with a polymer coating. Thickness metal elements"pie" is 0.5 or 0.7 mm. Steel sheets are profiled with stiffening ribs. The middle layer is represented by insulation, which is a basalt mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam board.
Advantages of roofing material:
- presentable appearance;
- durability;
- increased fire resistance;
- strength;
- resistance to deformation;
- light weight;
- simplicity installation work;
- resistance to aggressive environments and others negative impacts from outside.
Characteristics and dimensions
A roof made of sandwich panels is characterized by good sound insulation, excellent thermal insulation qualities and water resistance. Sandwich roofing does not allow cold air to pass through from the outside and traps warm air inside the premises.
The linear parameters of a standard slab are:
- width – 1000 mm;
- length – from 2500 to 16000 mm;
- product thickness – from 50 to 250 mm.
Main characteristics roofing material These include thermal conductivity, load-bearing capacity, fire resistance, sound insulation and weight. The key influence on the technical parameters of the product is the type of insulation and the thickness of the panel.
The guideline for choosing panel thickness is the thermal insulation indicator. The thicker the slab, the more thermal air will be retained in the middle of the building.
Indicators of sandwich panels with mineral wool insulation:
- sound insulation – from 30 to 43 dB;
- thermal conductivity – 0.05 W/Mk;
- fire resistance limit – EI 30 to EI 180;
- flammability group - NG;
- density – from 120 to 140 kg/m3;
- specific gravity– from 17.5 to 43.5 kg/m2.
Characteristics of roofing slabs with polystyrene insulation:
- sound insulation – from 25 to 39 dB;
- thermal conductivity – 0.042 W/Mk;
- fire resistance limit – EI 15;
- flammability group – G1;
- density – 25 kg/m3;
- specific gravity – from 12.2 to 17.2 kg/m2.
Characteristics of sandwich panels with polyurethane foam insulation:
- sound insulation – from 30 to 35 dB;
- thermal conductivity – 0.022 W/Mk;
- fire resistance limit – EI 15;
- flammability group – G4;
- density – 41 kg/m3;
- specific gravity – from 9.2 to 15.5 kg/m2.
Three-level roofing systems have the ability to withstand heavy loads without compromising the quality of the material. The maximum wind load reaches 48 kgf/m2, the coating can withstand up to 150 kg of snow per 1 m2. The service life of sandwich panels reaches 30 years.
Preparation for installation
High-quality installation of sandwich slabs on the roof is impossible without preliminary preparation of the process. The first step is to familiarize yourself with the design and installation documentation. The project determined the size and type of sandwich panels, the number of slabs, the technological layout map and fastening methods nodes, amount of waterproofing materials.
Before starting installation work, you should check the position of the crossbars, rafters and purlins, eliminate possible differences, and check the angle of inclination of the slope. At the preparatory stage they prepare necessary tools and related materials.
Required tools and materials
To trim slabs, fasten materials and seal butt joints during installation work, the following material and technical equipment will be required:
- electric scissors;
- stationary circular saw;
- fine-toothed file;
- screwdriver or electric drill;
- building level;
- long roofing screws made of carbon or stainless steel, equipped with sealing washers;
- short self-tapping screws for fixing additional elements.
The length of the screws for fixing the sheets is selected based on the material of the supporting structure and the thickness of the panel itself. To fasten sandwich panel flooring, self-tapping screws 12.5 mm long are usually used.
In addition to the three-layer slabs themselves, additional elements and forming parts will be required to construct the roof:
- cornice strip;
- end strips and plugs;
- ridge strip.
- valleys.
Sheathing for sandwich panels
Various materials can be used to construct a frame for sandwich panels:
- tree;
- metal;
- reinforced concrete.
The advantages of a wooden support system are its affordable price, environmentally friendly material, low thermal conductivity and ease of assembly. The disadvantages of a wooden base include the need for additional treatment of the material to prevent fire and damage by fungus and insects.
Reinforced concrete supporting structures are characterized by a long service life, high strength, resistance to rust and low thermal conductivity. A significant disadvantage of reinforced concrete lathing is its heavy weight.
Metal lathing is quickly erected, durable and reliable design resistant to deformation. Negative qualities metal support– high thermal conductivity, the need for anti-corrosion treatment, considerable cost.
The frame structure is designed taking into account the geometric parameters of sandwich panels. The distance between the sheathing runs should ensure that the slabs are fastened 5 cm from the edge, the supports should coincide with the place where the panels join.
Installation technology
Sandwich panels are lifted onto the roof using special equipment. To avoid damage to the material, lifting mechanism must be equipped with load-handling devices in the form of vacuum suction cups or soft grips.
Before starting work, remove from the bottom surface of the slabs protective film. Roofing blocks are mounted in rows in the direction from the roof overhang to the ridge. The panels are fixed to the frame with roofing screws. Fasteners are screwed strictly perpendicular to the sheet, screwed without excessive force, so as not to damage the gasket.
Installation of a roof made of sandwich panels begins from the corner of the bottom row, which in turn forms a cornice overhang. Subsequent elements are mounted with an overlap, fixing them to the already laid blocks and to the sheathing.
The end parts of the sandwich panel are equipped with Z-Lock type locks. The sheets are fixed in the longitudinal direction using locking connections. It is important to ensure that the ridges of the locks fit tightly into the depressions of subsequent slabs. To reliably seal the joints, butyl rubber or silicone sealant is applied to the locking grooves.
After laying the roofing slabs, they begin to install the roof ridge. Sequencing:
- Installing the inner ridge strip.
- Filling the gaps between the plates with polyurethane foam.
- Installation of profile polyurethane gasket.
- Filling joints with mineral wool or other insulation.
- Fixation on the ridge of the ridge strip.
- Installing a polyurethane gasket with a self-adhesive base on the top of the ridge.
- Installation of the ridge strip using short self-tapping screws.
Minimum roof slope
In the presence of transverse connections, window hatches and other parts that violate the solidity of the coating, the minimum slope of the roof made of sandwich panels is not less than 7 0 . In cases where a solid sheet fills the entire span along the length, the slope may be reduced to 5 0 .
At the roof design stage, the slope of the slope is selected based on the climatic characteristics of the region. For dry and hot areas, the roof slope can be from 5 to 25 0. In areas characterized by frequent rain, the roofing sheet is laid at an angle of at least 40 0.
When laying roofing sheets on slopes with a slope greater than 15°, additional supports must be installed to prevent the sandwich panels from sliding down.
Installation with transverse joints
The technology for arranging transverse connections includes the following steps: part of the bottom skin and insulation is cut off from the panel of the next row, equal to the value overlap. The amount of overlap is determined based on the slope of the slope, for roofs with a slope from 5 to 10 0 - 30 cm, with a slope from 10 to 20 0 - 20 cm. Sealant is applied to the lower plane of the resulting protruding part of the outer skin, the panel is attached to the frame and fastened with laid sheet of the bottom row. The junction of the slabs of the lower and upper rows should be at the frame run. The gap between the sandwich panels must be completely filled with sealants to avoid leakage.
Installation errors and their consequences
The main mistakes in installing sandwich roofing:
- inaccuracies in design documentation;
- uneven frame;
- cutting panels with a grinder;
- incorrect choice of screws;
- over-tightening or under-tightening of fasteners;
- neglect of seals;
- incorrect arrangement of abutments and seam connections.
As a result of mistakes made at the installation stage, roof covering leaks occur. Violation of the technology is fraught with a decrease in the wind resistance of the flooring and other technical parameters of the material declared by the manufacturer.
Operating rules and repairs
The operation of a flat roof made of sandwich panels does not require special effort. Operational measures come down to timely removal of debris from the roof. Once every six months it is necessary to inspect the technical condition of the coating. If defects are detected in as soon as possible carry out repair and restoration work.
The most common defect is damage to the polymer shell on the outer skin. Special enamels are used for repairing sandwich panel roofs. Paint material for restoration work is selected taking into account the type of protective coating, color and shade of the roofing slabs.
Depressurization of butt joints is a defect that can not only lead to leaks, but also destruction of the insulation. Opened seams must be coated with sealant.
Review of modern manufacturers
Presented on the roofing materials market wide choose manufacturers of sandwich panels. The leading positions in the designated segment are occupied by:
- Promkpanel company specializes in the production of sandwich panels for roofs based on mineral wool and expanded polystyrene, as well as shaped elements. The advantages of a domestic manufacturer are high quality products and affordable price per m 2 of roofing;
- Petropanel company - supplies to domestic market sandwich panels with mineral wool insulation. The production of three-component roofing slabs is carried out using equipment from the English company ISOWALL;
- Kraft SPAN company produces high-quality roofing panels with high levels of fire resistance, tightness and strength. Basalt mineral wool was used as an insulating layer. The company's production base is equipped with equipment from the Australian company Hilleng;
- Izobud company - the company’s products have been represented on the building materials market since 1998 and are widely known both in Russia and abroad. Roofing materials pass strict control for compliance with international standards and sanitary and hygienic norms. The manufacturer supplies the market with sandwich panels for roofing with insulation made of mineral wool and polyisocyanurate foam;
- Vesta Park company - the company has been repeatedly nominated at various competitions in the field building materials. The advantages of Vesta Park products are high quality that meets international standards, a wide selection color range sandwich panels, loyal pricing policy.
Sandwich panels have found wide application in roofing of industrial and agricultural buildings, retail facilities, and sports facilities. Properly designed and correctly installed decking made from three-layer systems will serve as reliable shelter for many years.
2
Last revision: 10/26/2016
A modern roofing structure cannot be perfectly flat, since precipitation in the form of snow or rain must be drained from its surface in any case. That is why, when installing flat roofs, it is necessary to comply with the so-called slope rule, which provides for a slight inclination of the flooring to one side. The presence of such a slope allows rainwater to be drained from the surface of the coating and collected at the roof fence, where special drain holes are prepared in advance for these purposes. The minimum roof slope is usually selected taking into account following parameters of the installed coating (its performance indicators are also taken into account):
- roofing material used;
- type of roof (classical or inversion);
- number of waterproofing layers;
- average annual precipitation (snow load);
- wind loads on the structure.
SNiP requirements
Dependence of the angle of inclination on various factors regulated by special building codes and regulations (SNiP). Among the requirements for the slope flat roof SNiP II-26-2010 “Roofs”, the following provisions regarding its dependence on the coating material are especially important:
- depending on the type of waterproofing used, the angle of inclination of the roof can vary from 1.5 to 10º;
- tilt angles of greater magnitude (up to 2º) are chosen very rarely, which is explained by the difficulty of selecting a soft covering that would not slide to the base of the roof at high air temperatures;
- The minimum slope of the so-called flat roof should be at least 1–1.5º.
Note! There is a certain relationship between the slope of the roof structure and the number of layers laid on it waterproofing coating. The more significant this value is, the faster precipitation will be removed from it, and, therefore, the number of waterproofing layers may be less.
The roofing materials used to cover the roof differ in their structure, according to which they have a more or less smooth surface. If the coating structure is not smooth enough (rough) the likelihood of both water and snow retaining on it increases noticeably.
This is what determines the dependence of the minimum slope angle on the roofing material used. Next we will consider the specific values of this indicator for various types coatings
The smallest angle of inclination of the slope when arranging a roof made of tiles is usually chosen to be at least 15º (for some models of material this value can be 14º). If it is necessary to reduce this indicator, some manufacturers advise treating the joints of metal tile sheets with a special waterproof sealant that retains its properties at low temperatures.
Note! If the slope is too gentle, precipitation will be retained in selected places roofs and seep into joints during heavy rains. And this will lead to additional load on the roof in those areas where they are delayed.
This disadvantage can be partially eliminated by using tile samples with a higher wave height.
When using this type of roofing, the indicator we are considering should have a slightly lower value (as a rule, it is equal to 12º).
In the case of making roofs from corrugated sheets with a lower slope, when laying them, it is necessary to observe the so-called two-wave overlap, and at angles of the order of 15º and above, an overlap of 20 cm will be sufficient. At the same time, as the angle of inclination increases, the pitch of the sheathing laid under the covering should also increase.
When the roof slope is at a minimum (i.e. when it is almost flat), continuous sheathing should be used to increase the load capacity of the supporting structure.
There are several types soft roof, differing in the material from which they are made:
- Flexible tiles. In the case of using the so-called soft roof as a covering ( flexible tiles– in particular) the sheathing under it should be made in the form of a solid base made of plywood sheets (OSB). The minimum slope value for this type of roofing is at least 11º.
- Bitumen coatings. For soft coverings of this category, the minimum roof slope has the lowest value (its value, as a rule, does not exceed 2º). But at the same time, as noted earlier, you will need to increase the number of layers being laid. In the case when, for technical reasons, it is not possible to lay more than 1–2 layers bitumen material– you will have to increase this figure to 15º. The minimum angle of inclination of a coating made on the basis of ondulin, as a rule, does not exceed 6º. This roofing material is the most preferred for covering roofs with low pitches, but to install it you will need a continuous type of sheathing.
- Clay tiles (slate). When laying rigid clay tiles or classic slate sheet, which has an uneven surface that holds snow well, the slope of the slopes should be at least 22º. In this case, it is necessary to pay very close attention to the calculation of the rafter system, which, due to heavy weight the material will experience significant loads. In addition, we should not forget about additional loads on the rafters, which are possible when large volumes of snow accumulate on the roof, as well as during powerful gusts of wind in bad weather.
Taking into account all these factors, the requirements for the load capacity of the roofing system increase significantly.
Note! When making a tile or slate roof with a slope angle of less than 22º, you will have to recalculate the entire rafter system, since the loads on it in this case increase many times over.
According to SNiP requirements, the minimum slope of sandwich panel flooring should be approximately 5º (provided that the covering is continuous and has no joints along its entire length). Let us immediately make a reservation that this indicator is valid only for cases when the roof does not have built-in windows or other elements that violate the integrity of the continuous covering.
In the presence of all the specified violations of the integrity of the flooring minimum angle The slope of such a roof must be at least 7º.
Even at the design stage of a future roofing system (and, in particular, when choosing a roof design option with a certain angle of inclination), it is necessary to take into account climatic features your area. If precipitation occurs quite frequently in your area, the minimum steepness of the slope for the sandwich panel should be at least 40º, since only with such a slope of the roof will rain moisture not be retained in the joining seams. Well, in areas with low average annual precipitation, a slope of about 7–22º is considered optimal.
Note! Before arranging roofs with large slopes, you must take into account the fact that in this case you need large quantity building material.
On the other hand, if this indicator is too low, water will accumulate on the roof, which over time can destroy the waterproofing seals of the panel joints. And in the off-season (with the onset of thaws and frosts), ice build-ups form from the accumulated moisture, which can damage the protective layer of the sandwich panels, as well as their metal shell.
With a slight roof slope (less than 7º) there is no need for additional fastening panels on a frame base made of reinforced concrete, wood or metal. On roof structures with a large angle of inclination, additional fasteners are required.
You may also be interested in these materials from our site:
- What is an inversion exploitable roof?
Video
From this video you will learn how to make a roof slope.
Sandwich panels are modern version roofing material. Installation of roofing in the form of multilayer panels is simple, since the material weighs little. Light weight is both an advantage and a disadvantage, since strong gusts of wind can tear off the coating.
In three-layer roofing panels, the outer layers are profiled metal (thickness 0.5-0.7 mm), and inside there is a heat insulator (fiberglass, mineral wool, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam). All layers of a sandwich panel are a single product; the layers are joined using glue or pressing.
Advantages of roofing sandwich panels:
- Good noise and heat insulation;
- Original appearance;
- Fire resistance;
- Service life more than twenty-five years;
- Versatility - there are elements of different sizes.
Installation features
The roof that is planned to be covered with sandwich panels must have the correct slope. The slope of the roof is prescribed in SNiPs; improper roof design reduces the service life of this roofing by almost half.
- If the roof has windows or skylights, the slope should be greater. In this case, calculations are carried out on an individual basis.
Problems when choosing the wrong slope of roof slopes:
- Rapid wear of the material, deterioration of operational parameters;
- The occurrence of water stagnation;
- Poor waterproofing, roof leaks;
- Loss of aesthetic appeal.
Roofing a building is one of the most complex and responsible operations. Despite the material from which the property is installed, you can quickly make a roof from sandwich panels. Thus, when constructing a sandwich roof, it is not at all necessary that the building also be made of this material. An important detail during installation is compliance technical characteristics and panel features. The slope of a roof made of sandwich panels must be carried out according to the design characteristics and the expected load.
Types of roofing sandwich panels.
Three-layer sandwich panels are used for roofing, the main insulating element of which is basalt fiber or polyurethane foam. As facing material Stainless steel or aluminum is used.
The low load on the roof allows you to perform any manipulation using the panels. The main thing is to take into account the weather conditions of the region where the installation takes place. This is especially true for central and northern regions Russia, where the load of snow cover on the roofs of buildings can be quite high. It is recommended to have a roof slope of at least 5% relative to the horizon.
Using sandwich panels with a certain type insulation depends on the characteristics of the building under construction. For elevated thermal insulation properties buildings use panels filled with polyurethane foam. In addition, this insulation has much lighter weight, as a result of which the load on the roof is significantly reduced. The features of polyurethane foam make it possible to use sandwich panels with this type of filler in rooms with aggressive and aqueous environments during long-term operation.
Panels with basalt fiber as a filler are recommended for use in premises of a high fire hazard category. This application is possible due to the fact that the fiber is a non-flammable material.
The slope of the roof made of sandwich panels must also correspond to the region in which the installation takes place. In this case, the following principle is used - the greater the design load, the greater the roof slope should be. This ensures natural removal of snow cover from the roof of the building. Otherwise, the snow will have to be removed additionally using work force. Such an impact on the roof cannot but have a negative impact on the quality properties of the roof covering, which significantly reduces the service life of the material.
Features of installation work.
When using solid sandwich panels, the roof slope cannot be less than 5%. If the panels are connected along their length, the slope must be at least 7%.
If the roof slope is more than 7%, then to secure longitudinal connections it is necessary to additionally install connecting screws. For elimination possible leaks It is necessary to install sealing sealing gaskets at all joints along the width of the panel. In preparation for installation, the panels must be prepared by cutting the bottom metal sheet of the panel and the insulation layer to the size of the joint, starting from the second row of panels.
When determining the roof slope depending on the region, for installation in regions with increased precipitation, the roof may have a slope of 40% or more. In dry and hot climates, the slope is from 7 to 25%.
Prefabricated sandwich panels, explained the head of the construction site, “can also be used for roofing.”