How to cut basalt wool. How to cut mineral wool insulation. What types are mineral wool

Sooner or later, each of us is faced with the need for construction or repair, one of the pressing issues of which is thermal insulation. Its relevance is due to the exponentially growing costs of electricity and heating and related thoughts about saving energy resources, as well as excessive concern about the environmental safety of the building materials used, due to the outlined increase in cancer incidence. Despite the fact that the construction market offers the consumer a wide variety of heaters, characterized by certain advantages, considering the features of materials from this variety in the process of choosing a heater, they often prefer basalt wool, the features of which will be discussed in this article.

Internal or external insulation: which one to prefer?

As already mentioned, sooner or later, the question of energy saving arises. How to save on heating a house or apartment? In civilized countries, the answer to this question has long been found, the solution of which lies in the implementation of the insulation of houses, cottages, apartments and other buildings. In addition, the feasibility this method insulation is well proven, as evidenced by the widespread consumption of this building material, which is in third place among building materials in the process of cost analysis for the construction of buildings.

Important! The expediency of insulation can be said in two cases: if you purchased new house who needs improvements to guarantee a comfortable stay, or are designing a new home from scratch.

Talking about expediency different types insulation, it should be noted that the opinions of experts in this case differ. Some stubbornly confirm the advisability of internal insulation, others, on the contrary, believe that the structure, first of all, should be exposed to external insulation, since the internal one is a rather complex process, the question of the expediency of which is decided in each case.

Important! Newcomers in the field of insulation often rely on the opinion of "experts" or advice in the appropriate forums and give preference to internal insulation, which subsequently causes the appearance of condensation and mold on the walls of the house. The reason for this is the use of cotton wool or dense foam, which, in the case of installation on interior walls, prevent the walls from drying out, which always remain damp.

Disadvantages of internal insulation:

The strength and low thermal conductivity of the insulation, combined with high noise insulation characteristics, which cannot be compensated for even due to the high cost of the material;
The presence of seams at the joints of the insulation reduces performance characteristics material, making it not tight enough;
In the process of working with this heat-insulating material, small pieces break off from it, contributing to the raising of a column of the finest basalt dust and necessitating the use of respirators or covering the surface of the insulation with a layer of a waterproofing membrane;
The high vapor permeability of the material contributes to the inappropriateness of the use of insulation in some cases, such as insulation of the foundation or basement floor when basalt wool can be replaced with expanded polystyrene.

Basalt wool photo

Scope of application of basalt wool: basic provisions

Usage basalt insulation actual in the process of construction and subsequent insulation of almost any building structures. It can be used to insulate roofs of any shape as well as walls, partitions and ceilings. In addition, the use of basalt wool can be relevant where the feasibility of using another insulation is minimal. To be convinced of this, consider the main areas of use of basalt wool:

Warming of premises characterized by high humidity(for example, baths or saunas);
Use in the process of installation of ventilated type hinged facades, as well as "wet" facades;
Application as a heater for walls made of sandwich panels and made according to the principle of "layered masonry";
Insulation of ship cabins and other ship structures;
Use for thermal insulation of pipelines, the surface temperature of which varies from -120 to +1000 degrees;
Basalt wool as a fireproof insulation prevents fire ventilation pipes and other building structures.

Important! The use of rigid mats made of basalt wool is especially important where the impact of both assembly and operational loads exceeding permissible values is expected. If you intend to insulate a ventilated facade, experts recommend using basalt wool, consisting of two layers, each of which is characterized different density... In this case, a layer with a looser structure is located with inside insulating layer and comes into contact with the wall surface, and the second, characterized by more dense texture should be located outside, on the side of the ventilation.

Operational and technical characteristics of basalt wool

For the manufacture of basalt wool, basalt and some related mineral rocks of the basalt group and those close to it are used. To ensure greater fluidity of thin basalt fibers, the manufacturer includes in the melt from 10 to 35% limestone or charge, which helps to transform the structure of the fiber and weaken its susceptibility to aggressive environmental factors, including high temperatures. Due to the inclusion of third-party components in the composition of such fiber, it is incorrect to call it basalt, and it is called “basalt mineral wool". This fiber is called super-thin basalt fiber (STBF). It is thinner and shorter (1-3 microns thick, 50 mm long).

Technical characteristics of mineral basalt wool:

The thermal insulation material, which is based on the use of BDST, is characterized by resistance to vibration. During the production of basalt wool, it undergoes vibro-thermal treatment at a temperature of 900 degrees, after which the loss in its mass remains minimal and does not exceed 0.35%, which is primarily due to long-fiber. In this regard, experts came to the conclusion that the quality and performance characteristics of basalt wool directly depend on the length of its fibers. No less important parameter is the degree and nature of crystallization, which contributes to maintaining the optimal level of elasticity and strength characteristics.
Basalt wool based on thin basalt fibers (BTF) is characterized by less vibration resistance. In the process of vibration for 3 hours at a temperature of 600 degrees, the weight loss from the initial state is at least 2%, however, when the temperature reaches 900 degrees, the weight loss increases to 12%. In this regard, the conclusion suggests itself that cotton wool based on short fibers is less vibration-resistant.
Having studied the technical characteristics of basalt wool, one cannot fail to note the absolute incombustibility of the material. Under the influence of high temperatures, there is no destruction of the basalt wool fibers, which remain bound and demonstrate high strength.
Thermal conductivity and hydrophobization of basalt wool. Due to the fact that basalt wool fibers do not retain moisture, it always remains dry and retains its thermal insulation characteristics. Hydrophobization is a natural obstacle to the accumulation of moisture, and therefore, there is no increase in the total weight of the structure. This, in turn, prevents mechanical damage.

Important! Despite the hydrophobization, the peculiarities of the chemical composition of basalt wool determine its insignificant hygroscopicity, the presence of which guarantees the stability of the thermophysical characteristics of the material, even despite the duration of its use.

Benefits of basalt wool

According to experts, basalt wool has many advantages over other thermal insulation materials. Consider what they are.

One-component basalt wool- one of its main advantages, which implies the use of only one rock in the process of its production - basalt. but modern technologies production involves the inclusion in its composition of a mixture or limestone, which contribute to an increase in the fluidity of the fibers. Despite this, experts admit that the specified features of its production can negatively affect the resistance of the heat-insulating material to high temperatures. It is important to know that basalt wool is a qualitatively new material, the production features of which allow its use as the main heat insulator for residential and office buildings, as well as pipelines and refrigeration units;

High heat and sound insulation qualities due to the low thermal conductivity of the material, which contributes to a significant reduction in financial costs for heating the room. The soundproofing of the material is due to its fibrous structure, which reduces the propagation speed and subsequently dampens sound and vibration waves, converting them into thermal energy;
With regard to high thermal insulation characteristics, they are achieved due to the air that is between the fibers and is characterized by a low coefficient of thermal conductivity;
An equally significant advantage of basalt wool is its long service life, which, according to experts, is from 30 to 40 years old, however, in practice, it demonstrates even higher rates;

Resistance to chemically aggressive substances(organic oils, acids, alkalis and solvents);
Material water resistance, which is achieved through the inclusion of specialized hydrophobic additives in its composition. The low moisture content in the structure of the material, in turn, contributes to an increase in the thermal insulation characteristics of the material;

Resistance to damage by mold and fungal microorganisms- one of the important qualities that are important for the insulation of residential premises;
High density basalt wool slabs allows them to withstand increased mechanical stress, and also makes possible decoration material with protective compounds;
Resistance to weathering , implying the preservation of the original performance under the influence of changes in temperature and humidity;
Low specific gravity due to the fibrous structure of the material;
Convenience of masonry achieved by square slabs large sizes, immediately covering large areas.

Disadvantages of basalt wool and ways to level them

Despite all the above advantages, basalt wool is characterized by certain disadvantages, which, under certain conditions, can be minimized. Consider what they are.

The structural features of the material contribute to excessive moisture absorption, which contributes to a decrease in the thermal insulation characteristics of the material. How to deal with this disadvantage? Experts believe that the most optimal solution to this issue is foiling or lining of an additional vapor barrier layer during installation. However, the latter option is less preferable, since the glue used for this reduces the fire resistance of the material. Another way out, in the process of which the performance characteristics of the material are not reduced, is the purchase of pierced basalt mats;
In the process of choosing a variety of basalt wool, it is necessary to focus on the conditions in which its operation will be carried out. If you plan to insulate your house with basalt wool, which is in high humidity conditions, experts recommend giving preference to aluminum-coated basalt wool. If at the same time it is necessary to ensure the resistance of the coating to high temperatures, then the foil used for this should not be glued to the base, but stitched with galvanized wire. The indicators of hydrophobicity are significantly higher for products, in the manufacturing process of which foamed rubber was used.

Considering the above, we can come to the conclusion that, despite the presence of certain shortcomings in this material, they can be easily eliminated under certain conditions.

Basalt wool: manufacturer's choice depending on the operating conditions of the structure

TechnoNICOL- one of the largest Russian corporations engaged in the production and supply of heat and hydro insulating materials... For the first time, TechnoNICOL products appeared on the Russian market in 1992, and today there are at least 40 production sites throughout Russia, the countries of the former USSR, as well as some countries of the European Union;

Rockwool is a company headquartered in Denmark and 23 production sites in 15 countries around the world. The main direction of the corporation is to present its products not only as thermal insulation materials. But also a complex system, which is a reliable solution even in the most difficult issues of thermal insulation;
Isover is one of the renowned French brands for stone wool and fiberglass insulation. As for Russia, it is one of the largest platforms for the sale of the company's goods, where the development of this brand carried out in two directions - technical insulation and private construction.
Unconditional leadership in the Russian market of basalt wool belongs to the companies TechnoNICOL and Rockwool. The German-Austrian corporation "Izorok" does not plan to yield to them either, for the production of products of which the highest quality fiber is used. In this connection, it is characterized by low thermal conductivity.
The Kharkiv company "Termolife" also works with fiber of similar quality, whose products are in no way inferior to other well-known brands.

Important! It should be noted that the production of basalt wool is carried out in accordance with GOST and technical conditions developed by each individual enterprise for the production of its unique products. Moreover, in this case, the generally accepted rule that applies to food products does not work, according to which the highest quality products are produced in accordance with GOST. In the case of thermal insulation materials, the situation is different, since modern slabs a particular brand are produced in accordance with the rules developed by the manufacturer, and are the latest development of the company.

For insulation of non-loadable structures, such as attics, attics, partitions and internal walls, it is recommended to use plates of the above brands: Technolight, Isolight, Isolight Lux, Termolife Light and others;
Quite popular products manufactured by the TechnoNICOL corporation are Rocklight plates and TechnoRoll rolls. They are characterized by a density of 30 kg / m3 and are used mainly for unloaded horizontal structures.

Important! When choosing a material with certain performance characteristics, the general rule: for horizontally located unloaded structures, stone wool of any density can be used, while for vertical unloaded structures, it is recommended to use a material with a density of at least 35 kg / m3.

If you choose a material for arranging the middle heat-insulating layer of layered masonry, it is recommended to use a material in the name of which the words "caviti" and "block" are used: "Technoblock Standard", "Termolife Caviti". In this case, the density of the material must be at least 45 kg / m3.
To insulate hinged ventilated facades, it is recommended to use Tekhnofas, Termolife Facade, Isofas insulators.

The technology for installing basalt wool is quite simple, and therefore, house insulation using this material will most likely not cause difficulties. When insulating a house, it is recommended to use basalt wool in the form of rectangular or wedge-shaped slabs, since they are most easily docked together during the installation process.

Before insulating with basalt wool, prepare the following materials and tools:

Basalt wool in the form of slabs;
Wooden slats;
Glassine;
Knife and construction nails;
Polyurethane foam;
Hammer and sander.

Before starting work, remove all cracks and defects from the surface with polyurethane foam, which can be replaced with tow or felt.

Next, a vapor barrier layer is installed that protects the insulation from negative impact moisture that may condense on inner surface roofs. Effective ventilation is essential to maintain the performance of the material. If you are insulating the roof from the inside, in order to prevent the accumulation of moisture in the heat-insulating material, between the cotton wool and roofing material organize a vapor barrier layer, which is a special film that creates a gap between the roof and the insulation and prevents moisture accumulation. It is recommended to use foil, plastic wrap or glassine as a vapor barrier, which is fixed with construction stapler or double-sided tape, creating additional tightness in the process of laying thermal insulation.

Important! The waterproofing layer is laid directly under the roof. Waterproofing material performs the function of a kind of barrier that prevents moisture penetration not only to the heat insulator, but also wooden elements constructions. A polyethylene film is used as waterproofing, the strips of which are overlapped. In this case, the lower strips are first fixed, and then the upper ones are laid so that they overlap the lower ones.

If the thickness of the insulating material is 50 mm, it is attached to the rafters with a construction stapler. At the same time, under the slabs of basalt wool, a crate made of wooden slats is fixed. If the thickness of the insulating material is 100 mm, it is placed in a spacer between the rafters. In this case, screws, glue and mastic are used.

We insulate the house with basalt wool: a step-by-step guide

Insulation of a frame house begins with the installation of a cornice made of metal. It is attached to the wall with dowels in the basement area. The cornice is designed to facilitate the installation of insulation and protect the material from the negative effects of rodents;

Next, the heat-insulating plates are fixed using polymer-cement glue, which ensures reliable fastening of the plates to the wall base. The glue is distributed evenly over the surface of the slab, after which it is pressed against the wall structure. The insulation is mounted in the direction from bottom to top and from right to left. First of all, whole slabs are fixed, and after covering large areas with thermal insulation, the insulation is mounted on small areas for which the slabs need to be cut;

Finally, the surface is leveled with a grinding float, which is necessary in order to further carry out an effective installation of the ventilated facade.

Installation of basalt wool video

Thermal insulation of building structures can significantly reduce heat losses at home and save energy for the heating system in the winter. On the market of heat insulators there is a wide range of synthetic materials and heaters on an inorganic basis, which include mineral wool boards made of fiberglass, slags, rocks... At the same time, the main part of the products demanded by developers are basalt slabs, due to their technical and operational characteristics and ease of installation.

Basalt wool insulation boards

Material composition

Basalt wool is made from fibers obtained by melting rocks of volcanic origin. The fibers are specially treated to increase their strength and elasticity. Plates, which are formed from fibers, differ in density (stiffness), dimensions and other characteristics, which affects the field of application of the material. Unlike slagged, basalt tiles are environmentally friendly materials, in comparison with glass wool, basalt fiber is resistant to destruction and caking, and is less susceptible to moisture accumulation.

Manufacturing technology

Basalt-based slab insulation is made as follows:

The raw materials, which are basalt, diabase, gabbro or other volcanic rocks, are heated up to 1500 degrees.
From the melt, fibers with a diameter of up to 8 microns and a length of up to 10 mm are obtained.
Using an inorganic binder such as bentonite clay, the fibers are held together (filtration sedimentation technology).
The material is vacuum pressed to obtain plates required density, in the process of which the fibers firmly adhere to the honey by themselves.
The resulting basalt insulation is thermally dried.

Production stages

Scope of use

Insulation based on basalt fiber is designed for operation in the temperature range from -270 to +900 ° C, resistant to sudden temperature changes and the effects of aggressive media, is a dielectric. Due to these qualities, as well as environmental friendliness, basalt wool is widely used for thermal insulation of building structures, industrial equipment, communications. In particular, this material is used:

For thermal insulation (together with sound insulation) of private and multi-storey buildings, ancillary buildings, commercial and industrial facilities and so on, in particular allows you to do:
- insulation of floors, ceilings, ceilings;
- thermal insulation of the roof structure (internal - for pitched roofs, external - for flat operated roofs);
- internal wall insulation;
- facade insulation of the house (insulation of the facade with basalt slabs for plastering or using a ventilated facade in the system).
For soundproofing premises.
To create an insulating layer inside multilayer enclosing structures made of piece materials (bricks, blocks of various types), sandwich panels, walls of frame houses.
For thermal insulation of chimneys, pipelines, industrial equipment, etc.

Wall insulation

Advantages and disadvantages

Basalt slabs account for about 70% of the market thermal insulation materials for construction. This is due to a wide list of advantages that characterize the mineral basalt slab.:

high thermal insulation properties (slab fibrous material 10 cm thick protects against freezing like a wall 140 cm thick, lined with silicate bricks);
the ability to damp sounds - sound insulation made of this material will reduce the noise level by 20%;
relative resistance to moisture collection;
fire resistance (the material belongs to the class of non-combustible, it is used for arranging chimneys);
resistance to biological damage (the material is not affected by fungi, rodents, insects);
resistance to deformation;
non-toxic (allows you to insulate living quarters);
strength and lack of shrinkage;
vibration resistance;
simple transportation, cutting and installation without the use of specialized equipment;
wide assortment (plates of different hardness);
low weight, due to which the insulation does not overload the structures and the foundation;
vapor permeability - the insulation does not interfere with gas exchange through building construction, which contributes to a favorable microclimate in the house;
long service life (the insulation is capable of functioning for about 50-80 years without changing the parameters).

Benefits of basalt slabs

The disadvantages include the tendency of the fibrous material to accumulate moisture, condensing steam, due to which the thermal insulation properties are noticeably reduced, the risk of damage by rot increases wooden structures contacting with insulation. To neutralize this drawback, it is necessary to observe the technology of installing the heat insulator - to use special membranes (vapor-tight, windproof), to provide for ventilation gaps so that moisture from the plates is removed naturally, etc., depending on the conditions of use of the material.

Main settings

The technical characteristics of a heat insulator made of basalt canvas are higher in a number of parameters than those of other types of insulation. When choosing a material, you should consider:

The dimensions of the slabs. There is no strict regulation, the width of the slab is usually 500-600 mm, the length is 1000-1200 mm, and the thickness indicator ranges from 20 to 240 mm. According to GOST, the maximum thickness of the slab is 150 mm, but manufacturers offer other options. The choice of sizes depends on the purpose of the material.
The density of basalt wool ranges from 30 kg / m3 to 225 kg / m3.
Compressive strength 5-80 KPa (subject to 10% deformation).

Let's take a closer look at the main characteristics of basalt insulation.

Heat and sound insulation

High thermal insulation properties basalt insulation is provided due to the structure of the material. The fibers are arranged chaotically; when weaving, they form numerous small air cavities, namely, air is a good thermal insulator. The thermal conductivity of the material ranges from 0.032 to 0.048 W / mK, and this distinguishes stone wool from other heat insulators, including glass wool and slag wool.

Pitched roof application

The fibrous structure also helps absorb sound waves and vibration. Due to this, basalt mineral slabs are used as soundproof material, when insulating a metal roof, it protects the house from the noise of rain and wind, prevents the transmission of vibrations from the roofing to the wall structures.

Water vapor permeability and hydrophobicity

An important property of basalt fiber is hydrophobicity, the material repels water. The water absorption coefficient does not exceed 2% of the volume of the material and depends on the additives used by the manufacturer to hydrophobize the insulation.

The fibrous material freely passes steam (vapor permeability is 0.3 mg / (m.h.Pa)), and the fibers themselves do not absorb it. Therefore, in the presence of ventilation, the insulation does not retain excess moisture in itself, it quickly disappears.

But if the insulation is used indoors (for heat and sound insulation of the floor, walls, ceilings, partitions), it must be reliably protected from moisture penetration by a vapor barrier. In rooms with high humidity(primarily in baths and saunas), a basalt heat insulator with a vapor-tight foil surface is used.

Thermal insulation with foil surface

Fire safety

Heat-insulating plates made of basalt, made in accordance with GOST, are highly fire-resistant and belong to non-combustible materials. Its melting point is +1114 ° C, and the fibers begin to melt after 2 hours of exposure to an open flame with a temperature of at least 1000 ° C. At the same time, smoke generation is minimal, basalt fiber does not emit toxic products.

Stone wool produced by unknown manufacturers may not be manufactured according to government standards. In this case, the material can be flammable and toxic due to the use of organic binders.

Leading manufacturers

Products of domestic and foreign manufacturers are presented on the Russian market. In order for the characteristics of basalt slabs to comply with the current quality and safety standards, it is recommended to choose reputable brands. Due to the wide price range and options for the manufacture of basalt slabs, you can buy a suitable insulation for specific tasks and a certain budget.

Manufacturers popular in Russia include:

ROCKWOOL is an international concern whose representative at domestic market is ZAO Mineralnaya Vata with a network of enterprises in different regions of the country. The company offers high-tech materials, including developed double-density slabs, consisting of durable and soft layers.
Technonikol is a Russian concern with enterprises operating in several countries, including Italy, Lithuania, and the Czech Republic. The company's field of activity includes the production of basalt insulation - the line includes over 25 types of material.
"ISOROK" - Russian company, specializing in the manufacture of heat insulators on an inorganic basis. The wide range of products includes materials such as IZOVENT. The manufacturer offers buyers printed information materials, where detailed instructions on the use of fibrous insulation.
IZOVOL is a domestic manufacturer, whose assortment includes both basalt slab insulation and material for acoustic protection of premises, for the manufacture of sandwich panels.
EKOVER is a developing Russian company with a wide selection of heat and sound insulation materials made of basalt fiber. The price range allows you to choose a suitable option for thermal insulation.
LLC "Bogdanovichsky plant of mineral wool slabs" - the enterprise produces basalt slabs of the "Izba" trademark. For the manufacture of the material, modern Italian equipment is used, quality control is carried out at all stages, the products are certified. The manufacturer offers a wide selection of thermal insulation fiber boards.

Basalt thermal insulation of a popular manufacturer

Types of basalt heat insulators

Manufacturers offer a large number of types of basalt fiber boards, which are classified according to their technical parameters. This takes into account:

density and stiffness of the material;
fiber size;
arrangement of fibers (chaotic or structured);
selection of a binder;
the presence and type of additives that improve technical properties, protective coatings.

The use of basalt fiber insulation directly depends on its strength characteristics. Soft and lightweight boards are designed for installation on unloaded structures, for thermal insulation of communications. With the help of semi-rigid plate heaters, walls and pitched roofs and ceilings are thermally insulated and soundproofed. Rigid and high rigidity slabs are designed for increased loads, they are suitable for thermal insulation of facades, floors, external insulation flat roofs, including those operated.

The products on the market differ not only in terms of rigidity and size. Manufacturers produce thermal insulation materials with improved functionality. This can be the treatment of boards with a hydrophobizing compound so that moisture rolls off the surface without penetrating inside, foiling with a glue or sewing method, etc.

Characteristics table

Harmful properties

The demand for thermal protection for an energy efficient home is growing steadily as the cost of energy is constantly increasing. In this regard, leading manufacturers are increasing the volume of their products, improving technologies, developing new, more and more functional heat insulators based on basalt fiber. This is reflected in the price - high-quality fibrous thermal insulation from leading manufacturers is quite expensive.

At the same time, attempts to save money by buying cheap basalt slabs of unknown production can turn into serious problems. Counterfeits under popular brands, products of semi-legal small businesses are not certified. This means that there is no guarantee that formaldehyde resins and other toxic substances were not used in the production, that the manufacturing technology was not violated. Non-certified insulation can be flammable and release toxins when burned.

Mineral insulation has a fibrous structure, violation of which leads to a decrease in thermal insulation properties... This makes it ineffective to use scissors for heavy fabrics or cardboard, as well as table or office knives for cutting it. Therefore, the answer to the question of how to cut mineral wool correctly, without disturbing its structure, will be useful for novice builders.

On an industrial scale, special machine tools are used to cut mineral insulation. Consider how to cut mineral wool insulation yourself at home.

Often, an assembly knife is used to cut mineral wool. But it has one drawback - a short blade that is not suitable for working with thick sheets of insulation. In addition, the blade dulls quickly and needs to be replaced.

Sometimes a special hacksaw is used for wood or metal, and craftsmen have found how to cut mineral wool at home - with a kitchen serrated knife for cutting bread.

But still, when choosing how to cut stone, glass or slag wool, it is better to use special tools.

Knife with stainless steel blade

Insulation cutting knife with a long blade made of durable stainless steel suitable for working with mineral wool of any thickness... To cut the insulation of different rigidity, larger and smaller teeth are located on each side of it. Such a blade easily enters the thickness of the slab, allowing even curly cuts to be made thanks to the sharp tip.

Carbon Steel Blade Knife

Rockwool Cutting Knife with Carbon Steel Blade It has high quality cutting and easy to sharpen... However, it requires more careful maintenance compared to a stainless steel blade, since susceptible to rust... It must be wiped dry after each use and lubricated.

For example: MORA knife for cutting mineral wool

The Swedish company MORA produces tools for cutting mineral insulation. Blade knife stainless steel is used for cutting stone and glass mineral wool... The blade is made of special cold rolled stainless steel and has a serrated edge. The ergonomic and comfortable plastic handle is suitable for use with gloves. Its characteristics:

total length - 500 mm;
blade length - 335 mm;
blade thickness - 1 mm;
weight - 0.238 kg.

Blade knife made of carbon steel is used for cutting various types of mineral insulation. Has a smooth, made of high quality carbon steel blade with a length of 350 mm. The plastic handle provides a good grip when wearing work gloves.

How to cut mineral wool

The structure of mineral wool is fibers, and, accordingly, when cutting it, small particles of these fibers get into the air... To prevent them from getting into the respiratory tract and on the skin, it is important to create safe conditions work:

provide good ventilation in the work area;
use overalls and protective equipment - overalls, gloves, mask or respirator, goggles;
wash thoroughly immediately after completion of work cold water hands and then face.

To minimize the amount of harmful dust in the air, cutting mineral wool should be done with tools with a well-sharpened, sharp working edge. Better to cut across the grain.

To obtain strips of the same width, the mineral insulation produced in rolls is recommended to first be cut directly in the roll, without unrolling, and the mineral wool slabs are cut one by one.

To ensure even and accurate cuts, you must first mark out the material or cut straight with a straight edge.

What to do with scraps and remnants of mineral wool

If scraps remain after working with mineral wool, you can use them for insulation, for example, a garage or a barn. Some people choose such a budget option for insulation, so that you can sell the leftovers at a low price.

There is also an option for recycling waste. In this case, the remnants of mineral wool boards are crushed using special equipment.

Mineral wool cutting video

In the video - cutting the mineral wool with a special tool.

During the installation process, slab and roll insulation very often have to be adjusted to the appropriate dimensions. The absence of minimal gaps between the elements of the supporting frame and the material excludes the possible formation of small areas with increased and undesirable heat transfer. It is worth noting that the builders call these plots nothing more than cold bridges, and they know how to properly cut the insulation in order to avoid such problems.

Insulation cutting methods

The most picky in this matter are polystyrene foam panels. With the help of a heated nichrome wire or a fine-toothed hand saw can do the job quickly and easily while maintaining a clean and straight cut. During cutting of expanded polystyrene, there will be practically no dust, and the work does not require special physical effort from workers;
more problems will be with mineral fiber heat insulators, which are created on the basis of basalt wool and fiberglass. Despite the fact that modern dust-free technologies are used today, cutting these materials causes the formation of glass dust, which often irritates the mucous membrane of the human eyes, as well as the upper respiratory tract;

To reduce the amount of dust particles, experts recommend using only technically sound and proven tools that have well-sharpened working edges, special cutters and knives;
to reduce the amount of dust, the material should be cut along the grain. In each version, the masters strongly recommend the use of personal protective equipment, and all work should be carried out in well-ventilated rooms. Mineral wool is minimally safe, but at the same time all recommendations regarding the use of protective equipment will necessarily remain in force;

Developers of such materials are well aware of all their products and very often offer consumers proprietary methods of cutting and cutting rigid and flexible insulators. You can always read the recommendations in the installation instructions attached to each package;
- the properties of insulation completely depend on the integrity of their structures. For example, all mineral wool materials based on stone wool are strictly forbidden to deform and compress. In this case, the insulation can always restore its shape and volume, however, the heat preservation of such a site is greatly reduced.
Finally, it is worth noting that if you are not confident in your abilities, then you better turn to qualified specialists - they know how to correctly and correctly cut insulation. In this case, you are guaranteed to get quality work, which will undoubtedly please you. And the material itself will serve you for many years.

To achieve the required thermal insulation flat roof, mineral wool slabs are sometimes stacked in two layers.

Soundproofing wooden floor can provide granular mineral wool.

Slabs with ventilation grooves are practical.

Slabs with a variable cross-section are used to give the roof a slope for water drainage.

Two-layer insulation made of mineral wool is also used in exploited attics.

Lamellar mineral wool slab is used primarily for wall insulation in "wet" insulation systems.

If the building is one-story, you do not need to leave a ventilation slot in the three-layer wall.

Discontinuous lines applied to the surface of mineral wool products greatly simplify the process of cutting and measuring.

Mineral wool slabs must be accurately trimmed so that, after laying, no gaps are formed between them, which act as "cold bridges".

Soft, resilient mineral wool is excellent for soundproofing frame walls and insulating walls from the inside.

How much mineral wool insulation is in one pack?

The mats are rolled up, the boards are packed in bundles of several pieces, depending on the thickness of the board. Typically one pack has a volume of about 0.3-0.4 m 3 and weighs from 10 to 70 kg. To find out how many packs are needed to carry out the insulation, just go to the Internet on the manufacturer's website or look in his catalog: there are tables with the calculation for plates and mats of all types and sizes.

Heaters - under the knife

Mineral wool insulation is cut with a long sharp knife or hacksaw. It is necessary to leave an allowance: about 0.5 cm - in the slabs and 1–2 cm - in the mats, so that after installation the material will densely fill the insulated space. Roll insulation easier to cut before unfolding than after. It is better to cut the plates one at a time, each separately.

Transport and storage

Mineral wool insulation must be transported in closed vehicles. They must be well protected from atmospheric precipitation and well secured during transport. Mineral wool mats and felts are compressed in packages during transportation and storage, which significantly reduces their volume. It is necessary to protect the mineral wool from moisture, therefore it is better to store it in dry, closed rooms. Plates are stacked one on top of the other in piles no higher than 2 m, and mats and rolls are installed vertically in one row. Walking on hard slabs should be avoided and you should absolutely never walk on unfolded soft mineral wool - it can be easily damaged.

It's important to know

Safety equipment when working with mineral wool

Mineral wool is a dust-emitting material. Therefore, during its cutting and installation, it is necessary:

wear gloves and protective clothing;
when laying the slabs, wear protective goggles and a mask on the mouth and nose;
ensure good ventilation in the workplace;
after finishing work with mineral wool, wash your hands thoroughly and remove dust from clothing.

svestnik.kz

Basalt insulation scheme.

thermal insulation and hydrophobization. The first parameter ranges from 0.042 to 0.048 W / mK. Other well-known insulation materials (for example, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam) have approximately the same characteristics. Mineral wool is not able to accumulate moisture (hygroscopicity is less than 1%), which makes its weight unchanged. Distinctive feature can be called vapor permeability, which guarantees insulation and at the same time intensive moisture exchange between external environment and the walls of the building;

It is best to use a cutting knife to cut basalt insulation.

Thermal insulation scheme using basalt wool.

Based on materials from the site: http://1poteply.ru

fix-builder.ru

What will we cut

On an industrial scale, special machine tools are used to cut mineral insulation. Consider how to cut mineral wool insulation yourself at home.

Sometimes a special hacksaw is used for wood or metal, and craftsmen have found how to cut mineral wool at home - with a kitchen serrated knife for cutting bread.

Knife with stainless steel blade

Carbon Steel Blade Knife

Rockwool Cutting Knife with Carbon Steel Blade has high cutting quality and is easy to sharpen... However, it requires more careful maintenance than a stainless steel blade, as it is prone to rust. It must be wiped dry after each use and lubricated.

For example: MORA knife for cutting mineral wool

total length - 500 mm;
blade length - 335 mm;
blade thickness - 1 mm;
weight - 0.238 kg.

How to cut mineral wool

The structure of mineral wool is fibers, and accordingly, when it is cut into the air, small particles of these fibers get into the air. To prevent them from getting into the respiratory tract and on the skin, it is important to create a safe working environment:

provide good ventilation in the work area;
use overalls and protective equipment - overalls, gloves, mask or respirator, goggles;
Immediately after finishing work, wash your hands thoroughly with cold water and then your face.

To minimize the amount of harmful dust in the air, cutting mineral wool should be done with tools with a well-sharpened, sharp working edge. Better to cut across the grain.

To obtain strips of the same width, the mineral insulation produced in rolls is recommended to first be cut directly in the roll, without unrolling, and the mineral wool slabs are cut one by one.

To ensure even and accurate cuts, you must first mark out the material or cut straight with a straight edge.

What to do with scraps and remnants of mineral wool

There is also an option for recycling waste. In this case, the remnants of mineral wool boards are crushed using special equipment.

uteplix.com

Necessary information for working with mineral wool

The specificity of the installation of mineral wool, its transportation and storage is to provide the conditions necessary for the longest possible preservation of its qualities. Usually, recommendations are given by manufacturers for a specific brand and type of material, but there are a number of simple universal rules that must be followed when working with mineral wool.

Basalt mineral wool: we transport and store correctly

Transportation with subsequent storage has its own characteristics, since mineral wool for insulation is able to quickly absorb moisture from the air. Therefore, transporting it in closed machines with subsequent storage in dry rooms is a prerequisite to prevent the loss of the most important qualities.

Mats should be transported and stored in a compressed form and in packages - this makes it possible to reduce the occupied volume.

Plates should be laid in stacks with a height of less than 2 m, roll packages and mats should be installed in a vertical position.

It is forbidden to walk on unpacked and unpacked mineral wool, as it may be damaged.

Cutting mineral wool

Today you can buy mineral wool both in rolls and in the form of plates and mats. To adjust it to the desired size, you should use a sharp long knife or a hacksaw, leaving allowances at the edges (in mats, 1-2 cm, in slabs, 0.5 cm). Allowances are necessary to completely fill the cut-off piece of mineral wool in the insulated space.

Mineral wool is easier to cut in rolls before it is unrolled, and it is better to cut the slabs individually.

The amount of insulation

Mineral wool is packed by folding mats of the same size into rolls, while the number of plates in a pack may vary depending on their thickness. On average, a pack has a volume of 0.3-0.4 m 3, its weight is 12-70 kg.

To calculate the number of packs of such insulation, you can use the catalogs provided by manufacturers on the Internet. There are tables for the most accurate calculation. necessary material(both in the form of slabs and in the form of mats of various sizes).

Safety precautions when working with mineral wool

You should be aware that there is a special safety technique in the process of working with this material, which prevents its negative impact on human health: basalt mineral wool emits dust, which is extremely dangerous for people working with it.

When cutting and further installing this insulation, the following rules should be observed:

use protective clothing made of dense fabric and construction gloves;
when laying slabs, wear special glasses on your eyes, and a protective mask on your face;
after work, be sure to wash your hands, change clothes or clean them thoroughly.

Good ventilation in the workplace avoids negative impact dust from mineral wool to human health.

Since the technical characteristics of mineral wool are from different manufacturers may vary significantly, there are several practical advice, making it possible, with any initial data of mineral wool, to obtain high-quality insulation.

These include:

When insulating a flat roof, the mineral wool should be laid in two layers.
It is recommended to use granular mineral wool to increase the level of sound insulation.
The most practical are slabs with ventilation grooves.
When erecting one-story building three-layer wall may not have a ventilation slot.
Operated attics are most often insulated with two layers of mineral wool.
Precise cutting of mineral wool slabs guarantees the absence of cracks and the likelihood of "cold bridges".

The presence of dashed lines on the insulation plates makes it easier to measure them and then cut them.

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Operational features of basalt wool

Basalt and other rocks of its group are used for manufacturing. Thin fibers are taken, in the melt of which limestone (10-15%) or a mixture is added. Additives increase the material's resistance to extreme temperatures and aggressive environments. As a result, a heater has appeared that has sufficiently high performance characteristics:

thermal insulation and hydrophobization. The first parameter ranges from 0.042 to 0.048 W / mK. Other well-known insulation materials (for example, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam) have approximately the same characteristics. Mineral wool is not able to accumulate moisture (hygroscopicity is less than 1%), which makes its weight unchanged. A distinctive feature can be called vapor permeability, which guarantees insulation and, at the same time, intensive moisture exchange between the external environment and the walls of the building;
density, strength. The insulation has a sufficient density (from 30 to 100 kg / m3), which guarantees high thermal insulation properties with optimal strength. The rigidity of the material is ensured by the direction of the fibers; they are located horizontally and vertically;
soundproofing. Good noise protection characteristics are achieved due to the porous structure of the cotton wool;
resistance to aggressive environment. Cotton wool is "indifferent" to alkali, acids; does not rot, is not affected by the fungus. Rodents also bypass this insulation side;
fire resistance. Basalt wool is able to withstand heating up to + 700 ° C. This protects the structure from complete destruction in the event of a fire and gives time for the evacuation of residents;
health safety. Resins containing harmful substances (formaldehyde, phenol) are used in the production. However, compliance with the technology involves their introduction into the composition of the insulation in a chemically bound state. Substances become completely neutral in relation to the environment and do not pose a danger to humans.

However, if the mineral wool is produced by an artisanal method, then there is a danger to health. Therefore, it is more advisable to purchase material from trusted manufacturers.

External wall insulation technology

Insulation of the facade with cotton wool is carried out using glue and special dowels with a large head. The material is supplied in the form of rolls, plates, which are cut into pieces of the required size. You will also need a metal profile or wooden bars, between which the insulation will be fixed. You can cut the material with an ordinary sharpened knife. However, if the density is high enough (80-100 kg / cubic meter), then you will have to cut with a hacksaw on wood. Insulation of the facade is carried out in the following order:

a vapor barrier film is attached to the wall; it should release moisture under the slabs of mineral wool and not let cold air inside the house;
further, wooden bars or a metal profile are attached to the wall in a vertical position. Their width should correspond to the thickness of the insulation. The spacing between the posts should be such that the mineral wool is inserted with little effort;
the insulation is fixed by means of glue and special dowels, if the wall is stone, or by means of nails (self-tapping screws) with large washers, if the surface is wooden. For 1 sq. m you need 5-6 pieces;
it is recommended to lay a windproof membrane on the fixed basalt wool, the joints of which are glued with adhesive tape;
to ensure ventilation under the subsequent decorative coating, it is advisable to make a counter-lattice of wooden bars above the slabs or metal profile 10-15 mm high.

This technology is suitable when facade insulation is required for siding. However, in some cases, for example, in multi-storey buildings, it is required to fix the insulation more rigidly. In this case, it is additionally fixed to the surface with glue, while reinforcement is carried out at the same time. This operation strengthens the structure, dampens the thermal expansion of the material, which can contribute to the formation of cracks and increase thermal conductivity.

Reinforcement is carried out on the already installed insulation using special glue and a mesh resistant to alkali. First, glue is applied, on which the mesh is laid, then it is covered with another layer of adhesive. The final decorative finish can be done with facade paint, decorative plaster.

Features of installation of mineral wool insulation

The manufacturer produces material in the form of rolls or plates. Mineral wool insulation is used for walls, roofs or interior partitions. In the latter case, mainly to achieve good sound insulation parameters of the structure. During installation, the requirements for insulation are taken into account, which you need to know even when buying:

installation in an inclined roof involves the use of cotton wool with a density of at least 30-40 kg / cu. m, otherwise the material will simply sag over time. The recommended thickness is 15 cm;
the arrangement of partitions should be carried out using mineral wool with a density of 50 kg / cu. m. Increased density is needed to provide high-quality noise isolation;
load-bearing walls are best insulated from the outside, because this will push the dew point, where condensation will form, to the outside of the wall. The density of the material must be at least 80 kg / cu. m, and the thickness is 10 cm.

Modern mineral wool is a high-quality insulation that has been tested for more than a dozen years. Modern technologies have made this material completely safe for installation and operation, and technical characteristics, combined with cost, leave behind the closest competitors.

1poteply.ru

What types of mineral wool are there?

Mineral wool is usually classified according to the principle of the material from which it is made. Hence it follows that the mineral wool made from different raw materials also differs in structure - fibers, and, accordingly, in the type of cutting. So there the following types mineral wool:

Glass mineral wool. Consists of glass melts.
Stone mineral wool. It is made most often from various rock melts.
Slag mineral wool. The starting material is blast-furnace slag.

In fact, you should pay attention to the fact that sometimes mineral wool is harmful. This is due to the fact that it contains dust and phenol-formaldehyde resins. Therefore, it is necessary to treat this material selectively, although mineral wool cannot be classified as carcinogens for humans.

How to cut mineral wool:

Cutting mineral wool can be carried out both independently at home and using various equipment. The equipment for cutting mineral wool boards can be different. The question is scale. The rock wool cutting machine is suitable for large and large scale enterprises, manufacturers, etc. But a knife for cutting mineral wool will become irreplaceable assistant in cutting insulating materials at home.

It is important that the cutting of mineral wool does not damage the fibers, so equipment must be selected carefully. The cut should be straight. At home, cutting rolls of mineral wool (the so-called "50s") will be convenient with a cutting knife, but for large ("100s") a special hacksaw for heaters will be convenient. Its price may seem unreasonably high in the beginning, but it's worth it. It is important that the work is done properly. Circular cutting of mineral wool can be convenient. The rock wool cutting machine can easily cope with such a task.

How to cut mineral wool:

If you do not know how to cut mineral wool at home, we can advise you on excellent tools that are best suited for cutting mineral wool.

So, for cutting mineral wool a good, sharp stationery knife or a hacksaw for metal is best suited, carefully trim the mineral wool in the right directions, for greater accuracy you can draw lines with a pencil or cut straight along the ruler. The process of cutting mineral wool is somewhat similar to cutting paralon, only you need to apply a little more effort, pressing a little harder on the tool for cutting mineral wool.

What to do with scraps and remnants of mineral wool.

One of the solutions can please many (especially firms and large manufacturers). Scraps of mineral wool are not useless and can be useful to those who decide to insulate their walls and ceiling in a budget option. The trimmings can be sold at a low price, and the demand for the product will be very high.

It is also possible to process scrap mineral wool boards. In this case, with the help of special equipment, the remnants of mineral wool boards are crushed to granules with the possibility of further reuse.

bazaltovaya-vata.ru

Today, a method has been developed for obtaining a special type of insulation - stone wool made from basalt. Twenty years ago, such mineral wool was used exclusively for the needs of the defense industry, and today this insulation is widely used for thermal insulation of any buildings.

The composition of mineral wool does not contain such harmful environment components like acrylic and phenol-formaldehyde resins. It consists only of natural binders, therefore it is safe for humans. This thermal insulation material not only perfectly retains heat, but also allows you to create reliable sound insulation of premises. Basalt mineral wool is becoming more and more popular and has already been tested by time, but people still have a lot of questions regarding technological issues, which we will try to focus on in this article.

How to properly fix the mineral wool?

In this case, it all depends on the type of insulation and on the type of structure on which the insulation is mounted. Light grades of mineral wool are installed in frame structures surprise. Rigid mineral wool boards are fixed with special dowels or fixed using special adhesives.

When fastening the raspor, the mineral wool is placed very tightly into the pre-assembled from slats and bars wooden frame... The thickness of the frame must correspond to the thickness of the insulation. Between the slats, an interval less than the width of the mineral wool is maintained by 1.5-2 cm, which does not allow the material to slip during operation. The mats are mounted starting from the bottom of the structure, and the rolls - from the top. In this case, the solid pieces are stacked first, and the free space, for example, near doors or windows, is filled later.

High density mineral wool is often installed without intermediate / support bars. It is completely wound up behind the frame and pressed against the supporting structure without a gap, after which, for safety reasons, it is fixed with dowels with a wide head, that is, the so-called "disc-shaped" dowels. In such a system, the frame elements are located on top of the insulating layer and press the cotton wool against the wall, in addition, the brackets that pass through the mats help keep the insulation in place.

When using the bonded thermal insulation method (wet method), frames are not used at all, therefore, adhesives must be used as fastening. In this case, you will have to purchase a dry mixture, but always intended for gluing mineral wool insulation. Recently, polyurethane glue in cylinders has become more and more popular, which allows you to mount dense mineral wool to any bases, including wood, metal, polymer. This technology also involves the use of disc dowels. In more detail, we examined the features of gluing insulation in the articles on adhesives and wet insulation of the facade.

What is the best way to cut mineral wool?

It is recommended to cut heat-insulating materials from stone wool with a hacksaw for metal or a specially designed sharp long knife, the blade of which is serrated. In any case, the rig must be well sharpened so that as few fibers are pulled out as possible. Many companies that produce insulation also offer their customers cutting tool: knives approx. 300 mm long, and saws with teeth without set, approx. 60 cm long. special devices for such purposes, kitchen bread knives with small teeth and wavy edges show themselves well. Thin soft slabs and mats (50 mm) can be cut with a regular cutting knife.

Mineral wool produced in rolls is best cut before unrolling. And the mineral wool slabs are taken out of the packs and cut one by one. It should be remembered that when installing thermal insulation, the insulation must fill the entire insulated space very tightly, therefore, allowances should be left before cutting: for plates - 0.5 cm; and for mats - about 1-2 cm.

Is it true that mineral wool needs to be protected from moisture and wind?

During the operation of insulated buildings, their walls, roof and other structures should be protected from high atmospheric humidity and from being blown by strong winds. Therefore, after installation from the outside, mineral wool insulation is covered with canvases made of vapor-permeable moisture and windproof membrane... This allows you to prevent the penetration of cold wind and oblique rain drops into the thickness of the wall. In this case, water vapor from interior space passing through the walls by diffusion will be able to go out without obstacles.

The undoubted advantage of mineral wool is its vapor permeability, and this property should be used to the maximum. When installing mineral wool heat-insulating materials between the bearing wall and the insulation, it is not necessary to lay a vapor barrier, since such sealing will negatively affect the climate inside the building. The lack of artificial ventilation in this case will lead to an increase in humidity and the formation of condensation, which, in turn, will cause the formation of mold and mildew.

A vapor barrier film must be used when installing thermal insulation indoors - in this case, it is installed on the warm side of the mineral wool. This allows you to protect the insulation from water vapor from the premises. Reinforced polyethylene can be used as a vapor barrier, which is placed between the insulation and the cladding.

If the design allows, between the insulation and exterior decoration a ventilated air gap must be provided. This will help keep the rockwool dry without compromising the vapor permeability of the building.

What if you need to use cotton wool in a layer of 15 or 20 cm, and the insulation is supplied with a thickness of 5 or 10 cm?

There is nothing complicated here. Need to calculate required thickness using formulas or using an online calculator (we talked about this in the last article), and then you can easily type a thermal insulation barrier from several layers. In addition, this method allows you to easily eliminate the problem of the formation of cold bridges and blowing out the joints. To do this, when installing the insulation, the sheets of the outer and inner layers should be shifted relative to each other by 20-30 mm in order to reliably overlap the seams.

Do I have to use protective equipment? Which?

Mineral wool is considered a safe heat-insulating material, both during operation and during installation. However, with long work with this insulation it is better to protect yourself using personal protective equipment.

Stone wool, in comparison with glass wool, is much more convenient and safer to work with, but you should still be careful when installing it. It is best to work on cold days in an overalls made of dense fabric that covers the whole body from contact with mineral wool. It is not recommended to touch this material with bare hands; to protect them, you can use “glazier's gloves” - fabric with rubber or silicone dusting in the palm area. It is also imperative to protect the eyes and scalp. To protect the respiratory system, wear a respirator.

During the installation of stone wool, you should take a break to ventilate the room. Open packs of material must be shifted carefully, not allowing them to fall, so that microparticles do not stand out from them. During the installation of thermal insulation on the construction site, there must be no children or people who do not use protective equipment.

Are there any nuances in transportation and storage?

Mineral wool insulation should be stored in whole packages on a flat dry surface, the height of the stacks should not exceed 2 meters. Stacks are made in closed rooms protected from rain and moisture. If the mineral wool is stored outside, it must be covered. plastic wrap or a tarp.

Mats and insulation boards are transported horizontally in covered trucks. During transportation, the insulation must be protected from mechanical damage and precipitation. During loading, unloading and transportation, do not squeeze the material too much.

You need to unpack the mineral wool correctly. For this, the insulation is taken out of the packaging immediately before installation, which significantly reduces the risk of damage to the thermal insulation. Insulation packaging can be used on a construction site when laying out mineral wool (when you need to protect it from contamination), it is also suitable as bags for construction waste.

What is the best cotton wool?

There is no unequivocal answer to this question, since in different conditions the best option there will be different types of material.

Basalt soft wool. It is used where high loads are not expected. This material can be used to insulate walls made using frame technology, as well as for thermal insulation of floors and roofs. The fact that cotton wool is soft does not mean at all that its performance is poor. It is simply made from thin fibers, which ensures the presence of many cavities in the insulation, in which air is retained, which prevents heat loss.

Mineral wool of medium hardness (density). It is used mainly for warming ventilated facades, where high-speed air flows are created in the air cavities. It is also used for fire-prevention measures, sound and heat insulation of ventilation channels. Medium density mineral wool can be installed without problems instead of soft basalt wool, but the cost of thermal insulation will be more expensive.

Rigid basalt wool. This insulation is used in places where high loads are possible on it. For example, where it is planned to insulate walls with reinforcement and plastering (wet method) or when creating some types of floors.

Cylindrical heaters for pipes. Usually they are produced with a diameter of more than 50 mm. They are slotted parts that you can unfold and slide over the pipe, or two-part models that connect on the pipe.

Foil basalt wool. This insulating material is characterized not only by low heat transfer, but also reflects heat, directing it inside the premises. Mineral wool can be covered with foil on one or both sides. When laying, the heat insulator is installed with the foil side to the heat source. The scope of this insulation is quite extensive, it is considered a universal material suitable for all methods and types of thermal insulation.

Sewing cotton wool. It is a very durable mats, one side of which is sheathed / reinforced steel mesh(galvanized, stainless, fire-resistant, acid-resistant). The canvases can be of various thicknesses and can be used to perform various types of thermal insulation. Sewn wool is usually non-combustible, therefore it can be used to insulate surfaces with elevated temperatures (up to plus 660-700 degrees).

An important technical characteristics mineral wool is its specific gravity. Insulation, the density of which is up to 75 kg per cubic meter, is ideal for thermal insulation of planes where the impact of heavy loads is not expected, for example, for laying in ceilings in attics and roofs. Basalt wool of low density is often used for wrapping pipes of heating plants, boilers and similar nodes / communications.

Stone wool, the density of which is up to 125 kg per cubic meter, keeps its shape well and is great for insulating ceilings, walls inside buildings, and various vertical structures. It is used for thermal insulation brick walls, as well as surfaces made of foam block or aerated concrete. Mineral wool of this specific density allows not only to insulate the building, but also to ensure its reliable sound insulation.

Basalt wool of high density - from 175 to 200 kg per cubic meter, is characterized, in addition, by increased rigidity, hence the abbreviation in its name (PZH). Such a heater is used for thermal insulation of initially too cold planes - reinforced concrete, sheet metal... The PPZh-200 brand is also excellent for arranging additional protection of residential buildings from fire. Only high-density mineral wool can be installed using the technology of facade insulation with a wet method.