All about modern technologies for drilling wells for water. Water well drilling technology. Types of wells for water

Water, as a source of human life and all living things around, is a necessary attribute of any suburban area and home. When it is not possible to lay a water pipe, the creation of a well or well is considered an indispensable solution for many owners.

The main advantage is the constant supply of water, which does not depend on the preventive maintenance of utilities.

Consider the technology of drilling wells for water. There are several nuances that must be taken into account in the process of construction work. As a result of an error, the water in the well will be unusable.

Varieties of borehole structures

You can create a permanent water supply on the site using one of the types of structures:

arrangement of an ordinary well or an Abyssinian;
drilling a well in sand or limestone;
creation of an artesian well.

Among the advantages of the well, ease of construction and economic benefits are distinguished. In the created tank there is always about 2 cubic meters of soft water. The disadvantages of the design are considered to be possible pollution, drying out of water and siltation of the container without constant cleaning. To avoid this, an Abyssinian well up to 12 meters deep is being dug, which is capable of long time provide Vacation home clean water.

A sand well can be deep from 15 to 30 meters and can last up to 15 years. But it, like a well, can silt up.

An artesian well helps to extract water, which is located in layers of porous limestone. The design is considered durable and capable of providing big amount clean water up to 60 years. To get the liquid, it is necessary to use a special drilling machine, but it may not always have access to the site. In addition, the procedure is considered very costly.

Water well drilling technology

Water well drilling technology can be carried out in three ways, which differ in cost and the type of equipment required:

auger;
shock-rope;
rotary.

When drilling wells for water, process technology is extremely important in determining the cost of work, the amount of time spent and the type of equipment.

Auger drilling

The screw version is simple and low-cost. It is often used for drilling shallow reservoirs.

Auger drilling shown

The equipment is the Archimedes screw. With its help, during drilling, the soil is extracted to the surface. This is how structures about 10 meters deep are formed.

In this way main problem the appearance of a large boulder, which cannot be bypassed, may arise. Then you need to start arranging the structure elsewhere. Therefore, this method is only suitable for soft soils. Despite the simplicity of the process, it is important to follow all the steps and protect the well from Wastewater. This manual drilling technology is very common among private professionals who have a propeller equipped with an electric motor.

Percussion drilling

Percussion drilling is a many-hour, but rather high-quality process of creating a well.

The equipment is a special heavy projectile, which is mounted on a tower. The part quickly sinks to the ground and destroys it. The tower resembles a tripod, which you can build yourself. , the resulting broken rock is removed.

Equipment can be constructed with your own hands using a piece of pipe. Using this drilling option, you can get a structure that will last a long time.

In addition, this method does not use water and a solution, which allows you to accurately find water deposits. This method of drilling is subject to any soil, only the process takes a lot of time.

Due to the complexity of the process, the cost of the service increases. To date this way not very popular among homeowners.

The essence of the rotary method

Rotary drilling process

The rotary method is considered effective, but costly. The well is created using a drill string that is able to pass through any rock. This option is one of the most popular today.

With the help of drilling fluid, which is poured into the well, the soil is washed out. The resulting liquid is taken out by the pump. During drilling, it is necessary to isolate surface aquifers from entering clean waters.

Using the rotary method, wells of almost any depth are created.

Consider the step-by-step process of drilling wells

To fully understand the process, it is better to disassemble several types of well drilling.

During the manual method, a winch, drill and casing should be used. The winch must be mounted above the site of the future well. Its height should be more than the length of the drill by 1.5 meters.

At the site of the well, a small depression is dug with a shovel. The drill is placed in the recess, the first turns are made clockwise.

Tip: The use of water makes drilling easier.

In the process of drilling for one person, it may be difficult. Better to work in pairs. Every 0.5 m, the drill rises and is cleaned from the ground. When the equipment is completely immersed in the soil, its height is increased with the help of an additional knee.

While drilling, it is advisable to try to lift a large amount of soil in order to reduce the working time. For soft ground, it is necessary to install casing pipes so that the sand does not sprinkle, but ground water didn't get dirty. Parts are stacked on top of each other and secured with brackets.

The attachment point is hidden with stainless steel strips. Drilling is carried out to the water-resistant layer, which follows after the aquifer. At first, the water will be dirty and you will need a pump to pump it out. After pumping out a few liters, a clear liquid appears.

The very first pipe that is lowered into the well must have a fine mesh. It will serve as a filter. On the surface, the pipe is closed with a caisson, which protects the structure from contamination. If the water is located at great depths, rotary drilling is indispensable.

Water well drilling technology is shown in detail in the video below.

Each type of drilling differs in cost and type of equipment. Therefore, before starting work, it is necessary to determine the depth of the water, determine the size of the budget, and you can proceed to construction work. If the depth of the water does not exceed 10 meters, you can make a well yourself.

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The decision to build our own water intake device on the site was justified by several reasons, including:

lack of centralized water supply;
the desire to have a source of water with increased quality without treatment with chlorinating compounds;
a great need for water for watering the garden - at current prices for life-giving water from the water supply network, household farming becomes an expensive pleasure, sometimes simply unprofitable.

Regardless of whether the work will be carried out by a third party organization or independently, the technology of drilling water wells should be as familiar as possible. This will help to avoid cheating by performers and extra costs for the implementation of the intention.

The choice of method depends on several factors:

Availability of water in the area. As a first approximation, this can be determined by observing environment, there are a number of signs indicating its presence or absence. You can also make several experiments with various subjects to get an answer to this question.
A characteristic of the soil composition characteristic of a given area, on which the choice of drilling method depends. Such data can be obtained from the local hydrogeological organization, where you also need to clarify your own forecast estimates for the presence of water at the site.
Depth of occurrence of high-water (sandy) layers and assessment of the depth of occurrence of artesian (limestone) aquifers.

With the availability of such data, it can be concluded that it is preferable to use one or another drilling technology.

Varieties of ways of passing wellbores

Rotary drilling

Fig.3. Rotary Well Drilling Tool

Usually used in oil exploration drilling. IN Lately, with an increase in the need for wells, it is also used in the construction of water intakes.

A feature of the method is its high energy consumption and its applicability on heavy or especially heavy soils with the inclusion of rock formations, as well as on solid limestones.

During rotation, the rotor destroys the rock, which is brought to the surface by the washing solution. It also contains cement. As a result, part of the site will be hopelessly damaged. In addition, at the end of the work, such a well needs a long flush with clean water to remove cement from the pores of the rock, which is part of the solution.

For a small suburban area, this technology seems undesirable.

Hydraulic drilling

This is the easiest drilling technology. In the process of performing work, the soil inside is washed out, which falls under its own weight. Only at the beginning of the process, when the casing is still light, do you have to resort to turning it with a special key.

Fig.4. Drilling with soil erosion with water under pressure

To implement this method, you will need:

two pumps, one of them capable of supplying liquid under a pressure of at least 6 atm, the second - for pumping out the waste water back into the tank, of the corresponding capacity;
tank; capacity depends on the planned size and depth of the well and is calculated from the ratio:

V = Robs 2 (cm) x 3.14x H(cm), where

V is the volume of the tank,

R is the inner radius of the casing,

3.14 - the number of PI.

So, for a well with a diameter of 273 mm (the maximum possible diameter of the wellbore with this method of penetration), the inner diameter of the casing will be 260 mm (radius 13 cm), the estimated depth of the well is 15 meters (15,000 cm), the required tank volume will be:

13 2 x 3.14 x 1500 \u003d 756000 (cm 3) \u003d 756 (liters).

Considering that it is impossible to work in the absence of water in the tank, we accept the required tank capacity of 2 cubic meters. This expense will not become a burden, since the correct use of the site involves the use of an intermediate heating tank in the garden irrigation system.

hydromonitor - a hose with a metal pipe at the end. The outlet of which should be about 20 mm.

The process is executed as follows:

Drilling - is carried out with a garden drill, the diameter of which is 30 - 40 mm larger than the diameter of the casing pipe. The depth of the pre-hole is about 1.5 meters.
Installation of the first section of the casing in the drilled hole.
The hydraulic monitor is inserted into the casing pipe, water is supplied under pressure. In this case, the casing pipe must be rotated around its axis, contributing to its subsidence as the soil is washed out.
As the hole deepens, flushing is periodically suspended in order to install the next casing section.
Water is pumped out as it accumulates, diverting the liquid back to the tank.

The disadvantage of this method is its applicability only on sandy and sandy soils, and there is also a limitation on the depth of the well. As a rule, they are no deeper than 12 - 15 meters, in rare cases they reach 20.

impact method

Impact technology is one of the most ancient methods used in ancient China. It consists of the following:

A pit is torn off with a depth of about 1.5 meters and dimensions of 1.5 - 1.5 meters.
Drilling is carried out to install the first section of the casing pipe with a depth of up to 2 meters.
A drilling rig is installed - a tripod with a height of at least 3 meters. The height of the rig depends on the length of the casing sections, their maximum size is 6 meters.

Rice. 5. Homemade percussive drilling rig

The shock part, suspended on a cable from the winch, is inserted into the hole in the casing pipe and released into free fall. When it hits the ground, it actively destroys it and it, in a crushed form, gets inside the shock part (made from a pipe). At the end of the drummer, teeth are cut and set apart like on a saw.

A valve is installed inside the drummer, allowing loose soil to pass inward, but preventing it from spilling out during the next rise. When passing clayey wet layers, a striker is used without accessories(glass), wet clay keeps well in it due to sticking to the walls. After passing a distance of about a meter, the drummer must be removed from the barrel and its cavity cleaned.

In the arsenal of professional drillers, the number of modifications of impactors reaches 10 types or more. Various designs used for passing soils with different properties. In this way, wide choose tool allows you to pass almost any soil, except for rocks. The quality of the wells remains the highest. Therefore, not being productive, impact punching technology remains the most popular.

Auger drilling

This technology of drilling a well under water is becoming more and more popular due to its high productivity and ease of execution.

In fact, this is drilling with a rotating tool, while the cutting part destroys the soil in the direction of movement, and the spiral auger takes it out. About 40 - 50% of the soil is brought to the surface, the rest goes to seal the walls. Thus, it is possible to drill without simultaneous wall casing. The casing string is lowered into the hole after drilling is completed.

Fig.6. Auger drill

This method has certain disadvantages that do not allow it to be used on sandy and other loose soils, as well as a limitation on the depth of tables up to 50 meters. Further deepening is carried out with periodic removal of the working tool for cleaning.

Drilling is carried out using a very diverse equipment, and often by hand, for wells on top water. Thus, the industry has mastered and is producing various miniature drilling rigs, with the help of which wells are drilled to a depth of 50 meters in light and medium-weight soils, excluding sandy ones.

Such equipment is actively used for arranging water intakes on suburban areas, often there is no need to purchase it, but you can rent it.

At the same time, powerful artesian wells with a large debit are performed using equally powerful drilling rigs.

Fig.7. Drilling rig for industrial drilling

Perforating drilling

It is produced by driving a "spear" with a headstock or a barbell. It is used, as a rule, for the equipment of Abyssinian wells with hand pump for pumping water. The limited diameter of the well allows the work to be done independently and in a short period of time.

In addition to the methods described, which are the most popular in practice, many techniques are used that combine the features of various methods.

Security country house water is a top priority. Without water, it is even impossible to carry out construction, not to mention a normal stay in the country. all year round or seasonally. There are several options: connect to centralized system, dig a well or drill a well for water. The easiest first option, but in its absence, it is easier to dig a shallow well. But the water quality will be low, so many people prefer to make their own water well with their own hands. We offer you to get acquainted with the drilling technologies that are available for home use.

Drilling methods

Drilling of wells for water is carried out different ways. In particular, there are such technologies:

Percussion drilling.
Rotary drilling.
Screw drilling.
Hydro drilling.

Consider all the features of do-it-yourself well drilling technologies.

Percussion wireline drilling

The rope technique involves the use of a special mechanism. The process of drilling water wells by this method is considered the most affordable for home use. However, the process is quite lengthy. If there is no mechanism, then the process of raising the impactor will also require serious labor costs.

Do-it-yourself drilling of a well for water using the shock-rope method can be performed in different types soil. It is important to select the appropriate shells. Below we describe some of the devices that summer residents use for self-drilling a well on the site:

Thick metal pipe. In its lower part there is a cut and a cutting edge. Such a structure is also known as a drill glass. Many craftsmen make a similar drill for drilling a well by hand on their own. The best option for a non-flowing layer of clay soil.
If the soil is predominantly hard rock, such as crushed stone or sand, then a bailer is used. A valve is welded at the bottom of the drill. At the moment the drill hits the ground, the valve opens, the soil gets inside the glass. When lifted, the valve closes. Thanks to this, the rock does not spill out, but is taken out.
In such soil, when manually drilling a well for water, you can use a drill spoon. It received this name due to its specific shape.
If, when drilling a well by hand, you come across rock, then a drill bit is used. First, the rock must be crushed, and then removed from the source.

All these drills are based on a rope and a special installation - a tripod. To automate the process of removing the drill, an engine can be installed on a tripod. In this case, shock — the rotational method will significantly speed up the entire drilling process.

Important! The heavier the shell you have, the faster the well will be ready for water. Therefore, it is recommended to make an effort to make it.

Rotary drilling

In this case, special mobile equipment of the MGBU with a small-sized installation is used. Drilling a well for water will be much faster. Important condition– provide Free access for access equipment. The rotary method is effective in cases where a well in the country is needed in a short time.

Scheme of rotary drilling

Auger drilling

In this situation, drilling a well for water is carried out by means of an auger drill. By this is meant steel pipe having welded blades in a spiral direction. In the process of rotation of the auger, the projectile gradually deepens into the ground. In the process of its immersion, it should be regularly lifted out, the blades are cleaned and the tube is built up for greater immersion. It is important that the bottom of the pipe has a thread and a retaining ring. In this case, it will be possible to carry out manual drilling of a well for water with high quality.

But this method of drilling wells for water is effective only if the soil is soft. With loose soil, the wellbore will constantly crumble. And with rocky rock, the method is generally ineffective.

Hydro drilling

Water well drilling is also carried out using hydrodrilling technology. Based on the name, it becomes clear that water is used in the process of work. Its exit by gravity occurs directly through the drill, where there is a special hole. Additionally, a pump is used. The technology of drilling wells by hydrodrilling does not require a large volume of water, since its circulation is observed.

Choosing a location for drilling a well

Before drilling a well, it is necessary to determine a place for work. Most The best way use all kinds of schemes and maps of the terrain of your region. They can be more likely to find out whether a well for water with a good aquifer or not. For example, in some regions of the country only perched water is available. It lies at a depth of up to 10 meters. This water can be eaten only with regular delivery for analysis to the relevant authorities. In all other cases, it is necessary to install a deep cleaning system. But as a rule, it is not cost-effective to drill a well for water at such a depth; it is enough to make a small well.

A well under water is mainly made in a place where artesian water is available. This source will produce water of excellent quality. This aquifer is located at a depth of 55 m or more. However, it is forbidden to raise this water without appropriate permits. For domestic needs and without any permits, you can drill a hole in a free-flowing well. As a rule, such sources are called - a needle on the sand. Drilling wells for sand is often carried out independently without the involvement of special equipment. The aquifer located at a depth of 5 to 20 meters. But before you drink it, you should carefully pump the well in the area.

As for a specific place, there are many ways to determine the water on the site. For example, planning to drill sand wells, an exploratory well is preliminarily made. There are also folk ways. But best of all, find maps and diagrams of the aquifer in your area.

Types of wells and their features

The type or type of well in the area determines the peculiarity of the geology of the area at a particular drilling point. Well, there are a number of factors involved:

Depth.
rock hardness.
Feature of the geological section.

The well drilling technology also affects the specific type. Now we offer to compare 4 types of sources:

Industrial.
Exploration.
On the sand.
Abyssinian well.

Industrial

This is a limestone well with a diameter of 600 mm. As a rule, the depth is more than 500 m and has a large flow rate of up to 100 cubic meters per hour. It is effective to drill a well under the water of such a plan for large agricultural and technological buildings and industries. It is exploited for cottage settlements and so on. The well drilling method used is rotary.

Exploration

If hydrological or geological exploration work is carried out, then an exploration hole is drilled. In most cases, rotary technology is used. As a rule, the diameter is very small, and the well device is very simple. Plus, it's the cheapest investment. Thanks to this, there real opportunity find out exactly where you can start large-scale work.

Well on the sand

Such water well made by hand using rotary technology. For this, a screw is used. In just two days, you can cope with all the work. It is classified as low-yield up to 1 cubic meter per hour. Vibratory pumps are used for pumping. Subject to the technology of drilling a well for water, it will last up to 10 years. For everything to work properly, it is recommended to use it constantly.

Abyssinian well

The Abyssinian type building is a source that is easy to make with your own hands. It cannot even be fully called for drilling, because it uses a special rod that is driven into the soil. A special filter mesh is attached to its lower part, which allows you to lift water up. good quality. In the process, extension rods are used. The connection is made by means of a thread. Unlike other technologies for drilling wells under water, the pipe itself remains in the ground, since water will flow through it. The pipe diameter can reach up to 32 mm. It is extremely important that all connections are as tight as possible, since the needle is driven into the soil for a long time.

Water well drilling tools

If manual well drilling is planned, then the optimal technology is shock-rope, it is the most common and affordable. This will require the following tool and material:

Shovel.
A drill having a cutting part. To increase the weight of the drill, steel screws or other metal objects can be welded onto it.
Wheelbarrow for transporting soil.
Pump.
Water container.

You will also need the following material:

Wire.
Pipe.
Steel wire for the filter.
Gravel or crushed stone.

Do-it-yourself drilling of water wells

The well in the country with the help of shock-rope technology is made by hand. The essence of the technology is to drill holes in the soil using a driving glass. A tool falls from a height that breaks the rock. After that, it is lifted and the soil is removed from the glass. For this, certain conditions must be created. Now we propose to consider in detail how to make a well with your own hands.

Before you drill a well in the country, you need to make a hole. This means digging a shallow hole to make it easier to drill a well in the area. First of all, due to this, the drilling depth is reduced and the probability of collapse of the upper soil layer is excluded. Its size can have the following dimensions: 1.5 by 2.5 meters. Along the edges of the walls of the pit are reinforced with plywood. Thanks to this, the soil will definitely not crumble.

Further, the technology of drilling a well for water includes the installation of a tripod. This is a special shock-rope mechanism that allows you to drill a well for water. The tripod serves support installation to hold the drill glass. It is made from wood or metal profile. The length of the beam / pipe should reach up to 5 meters. Be sure to mount the winch with a cable. A drill glass is attached to the cable.

Drilling on suburban area

The resulting installation has a compact size, does not require the use of a small-sized drilling rig for drilling wells and is done by hand. You can drill a well in this way for different time. Speed determines the nature of the soil. In one blow, the drill can go up to one meter. If the soil is stony, then up to 200 mm.

Advice! To speed up the process of making a well on the site, water can be poured into the hole. She will soften the breed. Moreover, the glass must be constantly cleaned.

As for the cable, it must have a sufficient margin so that the drill does not come off and remain at the very bottom of the hole. As you progress, you can immediately mount the casing or after drilling a well for water manually.

If the first method is chosen, then the drilling of water wells process technology will include a casing pipe having a larger diameter than the drill itself. With this method, it is important to control the depth of the well for drinking water. Otherwise, you can skip the aquifer and close it with a pipe. Therefore, the moisture level of the soil raised outside should be clearly controlled.

You can determine this moment in the manufacture of a water well in a country house according to the following criteria:

The knot began to sit down very quickly.
In the flush, you found a water-bearing rock.
In the storm after the clay, you found sand.
There is a static pressure.
Water began to drain from the pit.
The drill starts to vibrate.

Therefore, when drilling a well in this way, it is important to be extremely careful.

As soon as you have reached the aquifer, a do-it-yourself well in the country is required for pumping and cleaning from dirty water. Thanks to this, you will be able to find out if this well in your summer cottage will meet all the needs of your family in terms of your debit.

If during the pumping process the water is cloudy for a long time, then you should deepen the well in the country with your own hands.

Casing

The design of the water well necessarily includes the casing. To do this, you can use plastic or metal pipes. It is not advised to use galvanized pipes, as they may adversely affect chemical composition water.

So, by installing a casing pipe, the following goals are achieved:

The walls of the source do not crumble.
The water intake is not silted.
It excludes the possibility of hitting perched water, which is not the best in the category of wells.
The source will remain clean.

As already mentioned, a water well can be equipped with a casing pipe during or after drilling. If the pipe enters the ground heavily, then it is necessary to exert physical effort and work with a sledgehammer.

Flushing the well for water after drilling

After drilling a well with your own hands and installing a casing pipe, flushing is carried out - a mandatory step. The essence of this process is that a pipe is lowered into the source, through which water is pumped under pressure. Due to the pressure, sand and clay will be completely removed from the hole. All this will be pumped out. As soon as she went pure water be sure to submit it for analysis to the appropriate organization.

Advantages and disadvantages

This method of drilling a well for water has its pros and cons.

Advantages:

The design of the well for water allows you to make a source with a high debit and a long service life.
Well drilling equipment can be made by hand, which is a savings, as if you had to rent a small-sized installation to drill a well.
The ability to control the water level and see the aquifer.
The design of water wells allows you to create an inlet with a large diameter.
These drilling methods allow you to work even in winter time of the year.

Disadvantages:

There are other types of well drilling that allow you to work much faster.
A large amount of water well drilling equipment will be required, especially for casing.
These types of water wells require serious physical and labor resources.
Before drilling a well for water, it is necessary to determine the nature of the soil; the shock-rope technology is not always relevant.
Doing harm landscape design adjoining territory. For this reason, before drilling a well with your own hands, you should not carry out landscaping work.

Conclusion

So, here we have considered all the features of how to make a water well with our own hands. Among other things, we learned about the varieties of this source, which under different circumstances receives different names, for example, absorption wells, thermometric wells, sand wells and others. To consolidate the whole theory and know how to do the job yourself, we suggest watching the prepared video material at the end of the article.

In order to provide a complete autonomous water supply country house, cottage or personal plot produced .

Depending on the features of technological support and geological features of the soil, the choice of technology for drilling wells with water is made.

Based on the peculiarities of the technology of drilling a well with water, its depth can reach 150 meters. Some technologies for drilling wells with water allow you to create 10 meters.

1 What are the types of water wells?

Before starting drilling, it should be noted that each individual water well drilling technology is determined by the type of well being created.

Modern drilling technologies are guided, first of all, by what type of well will be most suitable for a particular area.

Well construction technology implies that most of the objects penetrate the first aquifer and reach the first thick layer of sand lying underground.

The technology of drilling wells for water, in the presence of a high-quality rune-type drill and a gas drill, makes it possible to drill such an object without much difficulty on its own.

2 Modern drilling technologies: types, differences, advantages and disadvantages

To date, four main methods are actively used. Each of them has its own specific features and work technology. These methods are presented as:

auger drilling;
rotary drilling;
percussion drilling;
Manual drilling.

A number of differences lie in the methods for implementing the destruction of rocks and methods for extracting soil from a wellbore. Each of the options involves the use of special types of equipment. This affects both the quality and the total cost of the work performed.

2.1 Auger drilling

This method is widely considered to be the simplest and most cost-effective. The meaning of the technology used lies in the fact that the excavation of the soil from the hole is carried out with the assistance of a classic tool - the Archimedean screw, which is called.

The presented method is used to create wells, the depth of which will not exceed more than 10 meters. This is suitable not only for water, but also for
. To flush the structure and the auger from adhering soil, water or the resulting drilling fluid is used.

To carry out the presented works, the so-called auger drilling rig is actively used. The implementation of this type of drilling cannot be carried out in all types of soils.

As a rule, it is used in dry and relatively soft varieties of soil. This method is not suitable for hard rocks.

When selecting contractors for such work, first of all, it is worth considering their experience and qualifications. The advantages of the auger drilling method are:

Simplicity of organizational work;
Mobility;
The availability of the equipment used (Gaz-66 or ZIL-131).

The disadvantages include the impossibility of drilling to great depths, work in rocks, loose sands and quicksand.

2.2 Rotary drilling

2.4 Hand drilling

This type of drilling is the most practical and effective in cases where there are conditions associated with limiting the area of work.

It is produced using a conventional one, the diameter of which can vary from 10 to 30 cm. At the same time, adapter rods, handles and all kinds of devices for cleaning the drill are actively used.

The depth of such a well, in most cases, is 10 meters. This is due to the fact that the implementation of further penetration requires the use of significant physical effort.

If there is a special hanging device and a winch block, the depth of the well can be significantly increased. Among the advantages of the presented method, it is especially worth noting:

Possibility of using small devices;
No need to use heavy equipment;
Speed and comparative ease of organization of the work carried out;
Possibility of creating a well in the garden or basement;
Short construction time;
Quick and easy repair;
General cheapness associated with shallow depth.

However, the presented method also has a number of disadvantages. The main one is the inability to obtain accurate information about the presence of an aquifer.

This is directly related to the shallow depth of the drilling operations. In addition, work can only be carried out in those soils whose rocks have a soft or medium degree of hardness.

2.5 How is the auger drilling of a water well? (video)

Having become acquainted with all the technological subtleties of our work and having read various materials You have finally decided to drill a well. Let's take a look at how the process itself takes place from start to finish and what difficulties you may encounter.

Well drilling contract

Usually stage 1 is conclusion of an agreement for drilling a well. Here our company offers a choice of two options:

If you have enough time you can drive to a conveniently located office of our company, where you will be given professional advice on all issues
If for some reason it is inconvenient for you to go to the office, the Contract can be concluded on the spot with the drilling foreman, then the application is made by phone, and the necessary nuances are clarified by phone.

The subtleties of the drilling process

As a rule, it is more convenient to engage in drilling a well and related work at the stage of building a house. Then it is easiest to plan a convenient place for and all the supply communications. If you still have a ready site, do not despair, NPO KVO LLC will help you build your own water intake unit with minimal alterations. What nuances should be taken into account when drilling a well?

First, you need to choose the right place for the proposed drilling. Usually it is chosen in the immediate vicinity of the point where the pipeline will enter the room. But the most important thing is that a drilling rig can drive up to this place. The desire of the "Customer" is the law for us, but not always the technical capabilities can obey these laws. We usually come to common denominator based on where the drilling rig can drive up and where the “Customer” himself wants to make a well.
Two vehicles are moving to the drilling site. This is directly a drilling rig (Fig. 1) and a tank truck based on Zil 131, popularly called a “water carrier” (Fig. 2). The minimum width of the gate for the passage of a drilling machine is 3 meters. It is desirable that the width of the road also allows the car to make a turn in the direction of your site. If the size of the site allows, then both cars enter the site. If not, then the "water carrier" may be located at a distance but not more than 20 meters from the drilling site (Fig. 3). The drilling rig, after being placed at the drilling site, will stand still while drilling, while the "water carrier" will leave to replenish the water supply for the drilling fluid.

The ideal platform for drilling a well is a platform measuring 10x5 meters. It is clear that in the conditions of the cramped layout of most garden partnerships, it is difficult to choose such a site, but you need to take into account that when ideal conditions work will pass faster. There should be no power lines or trees directly above the drilling site, as this will create conditions that prevent the rise of the drill mast. Mast height-8m. The drilling site must be freed from construction debris that impedes passage, as well as from reinforced concrete slabs and structures.
If drilling will take place in the immediate vicinity of a house or other buildings, they should be covered with a film in order to prevent their contamination, since during drilling technological splashes fly within a radius of 2-3 meters from the drilling tool
The crew works all daylight hours. This work is quite noisy, so if there are restrictions on noise work in a garden partnership, village, village, etc., it is better to mention them in advance, because the drilling crew has its own schedule, and more time is spent on such wells.
Drilling on average occurs within 2-3 days. The team of drillers is completely autonomous in its existence; at night they are picked up by a company car. The equipment remains at the drilling site.
After drilling a well, we make an experimental pumping of the well with our pump, for this we need a connection to the 220V electrical network. If there is no electricity on the site, it is also advisable to warn about this in advance, then your generator will be activated.
It must be clearly understood that there must always be a vehicle access to the site of the proposed well, otherwise the company will not be able to fulfill its obligations in the event of a warranty event.
A common question when drilling is how much mud is there. Here you need to clearly imagine that a technological pit will be dug directly at the drilling site, along which the drilling fluid will run and from which the drilling cuttings will be removed (Fig. 4). It is better to show the remains of this sludge in the photograph most clearly. It should also be mentioned that if drilling takes place in the autumn-spring period, heavy equipment will naturally leave traces with their movements around the site.

After completion of the work, the drilling foreman will invite you to sign the Well Acceptance Certificate. In which, as in the passport that will be issued to you during the final calculation, the characteristics of your well will be indicated, such as design, drilling time, static and dynamic water levels in the well, well debit and necessary recommendations by type and omission of pumping equipment.

Now you are a full-fledged owner, all that remains is to install the water supply equipment and water will flow from your system with a pleasant noise.