IN recent times a new offer appeared on the market of gas-cylinder and filling equipment - mobile (home) gas filling station. In other words, you can refuel your vehicle at home using the domestic gas network. As you know, the tariffs for household gas for the population are orders of magnitude lower than the price of gas at filling stations. And this is even through the counter. If there is no meter and you pay at standard (albeit inflated) tariffs - then and so on. Everything is clear. Yes, it turns out that you will refuel the car for almost nothing. By the way, in the West or in America such homemade gas stations are gaining more and more popularity, although there is not a big difference in the price of gas in the kitchen and at the gas station. It's another matter with us ...
With savings, I think, everyone understands - even by the most conservative estimates, at least more than 10 times, provided that you honestly pay for everything using the domestic gas meter.
In addition to this, refueling the car with natural gas from the household network, connected to your house or apartment will allow:
Again, the main thing is to reduce the cost of refueling the car. The cost of methane is several times lower than the cost of gasoline. The more intensively the car is used, the higher the economic effect.
Extend engine life. Methane gas, like propane-butane, does not wash off the oil film from the cylinder walls of the engine, which provides excellent lubrication of the piston group parts. In addition, methane, unlike gasoline, does not contain various additives that oxidize the oil itself, which has a positive effect on the resource and stability of the characteristics of the engine oil. Plus this, by about a quarter, prolongs the life of the spark plugs. Reducing the wear of engine parts increases the service life by 1.5-2 times, and the service life of the engine oil by 2-2.5 times.
The high octane number of natural gas (104-115) allows it to be used for any engines (ZAZ, LuAZ, VAZ, GAZ, Moskvich, UAZ, etc.), as well as in engines of most foreign cars. This also applies to trucks.
Significantly reduce emissions of harmful combustion products into the atmosphere. When gas is used as a fuel for a car, emissions of harmful toxic compounds of lead and aromatic compounds are completely absent, emissions of CO, CH, nitrogen oxides are reduced by several times, the smoke from the exhaust pipe is reduced by three times. Even if you are not an ardent fan of "green" cars, cars with installed methane gas equipment are exempted from environmental control when passing through a technical inspection.
And the feasibility of using various "devices" to reduce the fuel consumption of a car has already been considered earlier.
Further, there are two options for refueling a car with gas at home:
Purchase a ready-made factory mobile gas filling station. Unfortunately, the domestic industry does not produce such (it is understandable, no one will be given permission), and there are already quite a lot of foreign samples. For example, they are serially produced by Neuman ESSER (Germany), Maschinenfabrik (Austria), Litvin (France) and many others. The only but very significant disadvantage is the price. These gas stations are not cheap, especially for a person who wants to save on this, and therefore, certainly not an oligarch.
Do it yourself. Option, again ten times cheaper, but requires desire, time and, most importantly, "straight" hands, moreover, they must grow from the right place;).
Manual for self-production of a set of gas equipment for refueling a car with household gas
At the beginning, it is necessary to clarify: there is a gas apparatus for compressed gas and an apparatus for liquefied gas. Compressed gas equipment uses conventional natural gas - methane, which can be taken from an apartment household or industrial gas network. The only problem is how to fill this gas into the car at home.
In a conventional gas pipeline supplied to a home stove, column or boiler, the pressure of natural gas is about 0.05 atm., And in a high-pressure gas cylinder up to 200 atm. Therefore, a compressor is needed that will raise the gas pressure to the required value. The design of such a compressor is somewhat different from that used in conventional household appliances.
A conventional single-circuit compressor is capable of raising the pressure to a maximum of 20 -25 Atm., And to refuel a gas cylinder, it is necessary to reach 200 Atm. This is achieved by adding additional circuits to the system. It looks like a set of several compressors, each subsequent one, of which compresses the gas previously compressed by the previous one to a higher pressure.
In general, a high pressure compressor circuit looks like this.
Designations in the diagram: 1 Filter for gas inlet. 2 Stage 1 inlet valve. 3 Stage 1 outlet valve. 4 Cooling tube between 1st and 2nd stages. 5 Inlet valve stage 2. 6 Stage 2 outlet valve. 7 Cooling tube between 2nd and 3rd stage. 8 Inlet valve 3 stages. 9 Outlet valve 3 stages. 10 Cooling tubes in the last stage of gas exit. 11 Pressure switch. 12 Active carbon / molecular filter. 13 Safety valve. 14 Pressure sensor. 15 Outlet connection for hoses.
The principle of the compressor for refueling with gas:
Gas from the domestic gas pipeline through the inlet filter (1) is fed through the inlet valve (2) to the primary cylinder. Compression occurs and through the outlet valve (3) through the pipeline through the cooling radiator (4) it is fed to the cylinder of the next circuit. Further, the gas previously compressed in the primary circuit is compressed to an even higher pressure. All processes are repeated in the third circuit. The number of contours can be increased to five. In the above diagram, there are three of them. But this does not change the principle.
Natural gas compressed to the required pressure (this is about 200 atm.) Passes through the pressure switch (11), is cleaned in a molecular filter and through the safety valve is fed into the cylinder of the refueled car or into the reserve high-pressure cylinder. The filling time will depend entirely on the productivity of the installation.
In order to speed up the refueling time of the vehicle, additional stationary cylinders can be used. Then, in free time, the compressor pumps gas into these stationary cylinders. And when you need to quickly refuel your car, you distill the methane directly from them. Thus, the refueling time can be reduced to 10-15 minutes.
Description of a home-made device for refueling a car with household gas.
As previously stated, this requires a high pressure compressor (up to 200 kg / cm2). Compressors such as GP4, NG-2, AKG-2 can be used, but they require a powerful electric motor, which is not suitable for many. A good option - this is the use of the AK 150S air compressor. It is used on modern armored vehicles and in aviation. This compressor is quite small, lightweight, requires a low-power electric motor of 1.5-3 kW, which allows it to be connected to an apartment or garage electrical network. The main question is where to get it. But believe me, this is not as difficult a task as it seems at first glance. Often they can be written off, while using up no more than 10% of their resource. Those who are looking will always find (sometimes for very little money or liquid barter :)).
A schematic of the filling device is shown in Fig. 2
From a household gas network through a rubber hose (it is possible from a gas welding machine), gas is supplied through a valve to a gas filter (7). The pressure gauge (2), connected through the adapter (3), serves to control the pressure in the gas network, The gas in the filter (7) is cleaned of impurities and supplied to the compressor (10), where it rises to 150 kg / cm2. Then the gas enters a water separator (18), a high pressure gas filter (19), a pressure machine (20) of the ADU-2S type. The gas is then fed to the filling valve.
When the pressure rises above 150 kg / cm2, the ADU 2 valve opens and the gas returns through the pipe (23) to the compressor inlet. The NMP 100 type pressure gauge is used with a measurement range of 0-400 mm of water. Art.
The function of the gas filter can be performed by a new fuel filter for fine cleaning of diesel engines. A tap (17) is used to drain condensate from the water separator. To control the pressure at the compressor outlet, a pressure gauge (22) (0-250) kg / cm2 is installed.
Elements 18, 19, 20 (Fig, 2) are most preferably used from air system tank. In principle, you can do without the ADU-2 pressure machine, but then you need to constantly monitor the outlet pressure so that it does not exceed it.
In fig. 4 shows the layout of the holes and the main parameters of the compressor. The compressor does not have its own drive unit and lubrication system.
Figure 3 shows a variant of the compressor drive unit.
It is fastened to the compressor flange (1) by means of sheet metal, studs in flocks (8) through the gasket (10), the housing (11). A plate (12) is welded to the bottom of the casing for fastening the compressor with a lubrication unit (Fig, 5). Bearing (4) of type 205 is pressed into the housing (11) (Fig, 3). A sleeve (7) is pressed into the bearing from the slot, which is fastened with a retaining ring (19). The spline shaft (6) of the compressor enters the bushing on one side, and on the other side the shaft (17) is pressed in, the key of which enters the splines of the bushing (7). This is done in order not to cut splines on the shaft (17). After pressing in, the shaft (17) is gently tacked to the sleeve (7) by welding.
After that, the body (11) is closed with a cover (14) with an oil seal (13). The cover is fastened with bolts (5). On the other end of the shaft (17) a drive pulley (15) with a key (16) is fitted. The compressor lubrication unit is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5. The base is a tank (24) (Fig. 2), which can be made from a rectangular profile or welded from sheet metal. A drive unit with a compressor is attached to the top of the reservoir. Hole (13) (Fig. 3) must line up with hole (11) (Fig. 5) on the tank. A hole is cut out on top of the tank in a convenient place, to which the filler neck (3) and the lid (2) are welded (Fig. 5).
A hole is drilled in the lower part of the tank for the drain plug (14) (Fig. 2). A hole is drilled in the side wall of the tank for the oil pump (1) and the pump drive shaft (17). The oil pump is attached to the tank wall with studs. Hole (4) (fig. 5) serves to supply oil to the pump. Shafts (6) and (17) are connected by means of plate (7) and bushing (8). For fastening the bearing (12) is a housing (15) with a cover (16), an oil seal (13). The cover is attached to the body with screws (14). A pulley (18) with a key is put on the shaft (17). The oil pump is used from the GAZ-51, 52, 69 car, but it should be borne in mind that the pumps differ in the length of the drive shaft.
The oil level is monitored by a sight glass (11) of any design. The lubrication system works like this. The torque from the pulley of the electric motor through the belt drive is transmitted to the pulley (16) (Fig. 2), (18) (Fig. 5) and through the shaft (17), the bushing (8) and the plate (7) is transmitted to the shaft (6) pump drive (1). Oil enters through the hole (4) into the pump (1) (Fig. 5), (8) (Fig. 2), passes through the adapter (3), into which the automobile pressure sensor (4) is screwed in, and is fed through the pipe to the inlet fitting (12) oil supply to the compressor. The fitting (12) in Fig. 2 is conditionally deployed. It is screwed into hole (3) (fig. 3). The thread diameter depends on the tube you have, which can be used from hydraulic system autotractor units.
Then the oil passes through the compressor lubrication channels (fig. 3, fig. 4), collects in the lower part and is thrown out through the oil drain hole fig. 4, fig. 11 (part 11) then flows through the hole (13) (Fig. 3) into the reservoir (24) (Fig. 2) Part of the oil passes through the bearing (4) (Fig. 3) and lubricates it. Part (7) ( fig. 11) can be made from the compressor drive gear, which must be purchased. To do this, it is necessary to grind off the gear ring to the dimensions shown in Fig. 11 (detail 7) .A car bulb can be connected to the pressure sensor (4) (fig. 2). Instead of a sensor, a pressure gauge can be connected for monitoring. In order to divert the gas that has broken through the piston rings into the housing of the drive unit, a threaded hole at the top of the housing serves (fig. 11), (det. 11), section A-Ainto which the fitting (13) is screwed (fig. 2). A rubber tube is put on the fitting and is displayed above the roof of the garage, at home. Although the design of the filling device provides for the localization of possible gas emissions into the room, it is advisable to install it outside the room.
The design of the compressor allows pumping gas of any pressure. But it must be remembered that when the compressor is operating at very low pressure or a complete absence of gas at the inlet, with the main valve fully open, a vacuum can be created at the compressor inlet and the compressor instead of gas begins to draw air through leaks in the valve glands, etc. Therefore, before When filling the gas cylinder, it is necessary to let the compressor run for several minutes into the atmosphere until the air is completely removed from the filling device.
Conversion of a car to work on natural gas.
In fig. 1 depicts gas equipment diagram for natural gas.
First you need to make sure that it is advisable to install LPG equipment on your car.
The natural gas cylinders (5) are connected by high pressure pipes (3) through adapters (4) screwed into the cylinders instead of valves. Through the shut-off valve (6), gas is supplied to the flow valve (9) and enters the high pressure reducer (HP) (11), where the high gas pressure (200 atmospheres) is reduced to 10 atm. During this process, the gas quickly and strongly cools, so the reducer can freeze when the gas is quickly drawn in, then the gas stops flowing. To prevent gas freezing, a reducer heater (12) is used. Further, the gas is already through the low pressure pipeline (14), through solenoid valve (15) enters the low pressure reducer (18), where the gas pressure decreases again and is directed through the tee (20) to the car's carburetor (22), in proportion to the engine load (depending on the accelerator pedal depression). By transferring the voltage of the P1 switch to the EV gas valve (15) or to the petrol valve (23), it is possible to switch the type of fuel on the fly. Gasoline enters the carburetor (22) through the fuel pump (24), valve (23). A start valve (19) is used to start the engine on gas.
In fig. 1 shows a simplified diagram of the EM valve control. Valves 15, 19, 23, reducer-heater 12, low pressure pipes can be used from the set of equipment for liquefied gas. All this can be mounted in the engine compartment at its original locations. This can be done in the workshop for the installation of equipment for liquefied gas, where you can also purchase these units, install, adjust, check. You can do all this yourself, but you still need documents for registration gas installation by car, and they can only be issued by a licensed workshop. And for correct adjustment of gas equipment, on which both engine thrust and consumption are very much dependent, it is desirable that a qualified technician perform on the appropriate equipment.
You don't have to buy a balloon. A standard car will not work, because it is designed for low pressure (16 atm) and the mileage will be very low. Therefore, it must be replaced with a high pressure cylinder (Fig. 7) 200 (150) atm and a high pressure reducer (11) (Fig. 1) must be added to reduce the pressure from 200 (150) atm to 10 atm. Aviation oxygen gearboxes that do not freeze are well suited for this, or a gearbox from a truck with a heater.
Also, for this purpose, you can use a conventional oxygen reducer for gas welding. But it needs to be slightly modified. It is necessary to change the cover with a large thread diameter, at the upper part for the fitting and the safety valve with the fitting from the truck gearbox. The fact is that the oxygen reducer is not suitable for venting gas when a safety valve is triggered or when a diaphragm ruptures. A rubber tube (10) (Fig. 1) is put on the union of the safety valve and the union of the cover (13) and is led out of the body.
In addition, a liquid heater (12) (Fig. 1) with a bracket must be purchased for the oxygen reducer. In this way, you can reduce the cost of the system. It should be borne in mind that the above refers to the oxygen reducer type DKP-1-65. There is also a gearbox of a new type EKO-25-2, which does not fit the cover from the gearbox of a truck.
The HP reducer is installed in the engine compartment of the vehicle. The liquid heater is installed in the break of the hose that goes to the stove. The copper tubing from the LPG equipment kit that goes into the trunk must be replaced with a seamless high pressure steel tubing from the compressed gas equipment of the truck. Control over the operation of the HP reducer is carried out using a pressure gauge (16) (0-25 kg / cm2), which is installed in place of the reducer pressure sensor.
To determine the amount of filled gas and control the pressure in the cylinders, a high pressure gauge (1) (Fig. 1) (0-250 kg / cm2) is installed on the final cylinder. The filling valve (7) (Fig. 1) is used to fill the high pressure cylinders. pressure from a home filling device, or at a filling station - CNG filling station. For this, a filling connection from a truck is used. To connect the cylinders to each other, connect the high pressure reducer, tees, you can use only steel seamless high pressure tubes (3) with an outer diameter of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 6 mm.
In order to prevent damage from vibration and distortions, short parts of gas pipelines are bent in the form of rings with a diameter of 100 mm. In addition, the cylinders must be installed on a common frame in the sockets lined with rubber bands. The entire package must be compressed with pins to prevent movement of the cylinders. Each car brand has its own layout option.
In fig. 9 shows one of possible options... In addition, the design of a package of cylinders depends on the type of cylinders, their number, which ultimately determines the mileage.
The mileage depends on the amount of gas in the cylinders, the determination of which is made difficult by the fact that when different temperatures air in the same volume includes a different amount of gas. For orientation, you can use a simplified conversion factor:
a) at a pressure in the cylinders of 150 kg / cm2 - 1 liter of the volume of the cylinder, equivalent to 0.3 liters of gasoline.
b) at a pressure in the cylinders of 200 kg / cm2 - 1 liter of the volume of the cylinder, equivalent to 0.4 liters of gasoline.
That is, if the average consumption of a car is 9 liters of gasoline per 100 km and the total volume of cylinders is 50 liters (for example), the mileage will be as follows:
a) at a pressure in the cylinders of 150 kg / cm2; 50 * 0.3 \u003d 15 liters of gasoline (15 * 100): 9 \u003d 167 km
Now knowing this, you can choose the type and number of cylinders depending on the required mileage. You should not chase high mileage, because the weight increases, the volume of the cargo compartment decreases. It is better to have a basic set of cylinders for a mileage of 80-100 km and an additional one for long trips.
Our industry does not produce high-pressure cylinders specifically for passenger cars. Therefore, you have to use them from different areas of technology,
In fig. 7 shows the dimensions of the most common HP cylinder types. Oxygen cylinders of non-standard reduced size may be suitable for our needs. Scuba tanks are perfect for scuba diving. Cylinders are produced from fiberglass, reinforced by winding a steel wire, from composite materials. They are very light and sturdy and are perfect for our needs, but they are in short supply.
You can also use high pressure aircraft or tank cylinders. In extreme cases, a cylinder of the required size can be made from ordinary oxygen by cutting out the middle part. After that, the cylinder is cooked by argon-arc welding, scanned with a gamma flaw detector, and subjected to hydraulic testing in a specialized organization. It is strictly forbidden to do this in artisanal conditions.
After installing the valve cylinders, the adapters, the filling connection are placed in a box (4) (Fig. 9) made of soft sheet, into which the connection (3) and the service window (2) are soldered, which is installed on the seal. The design can be taken from LPG cylinders. A piece of rubber tube is put on the fitting and is displayed outside the body through a window for refueling a gas tank or another place.
On average, filling gas cylinders with gas lasts 1-1.5 hours. To reduce the filling time, two compressors can be paired. Truck owners can use 4 compressors. In fig. 10 shows the principal electrical circuit inclusion of a 3-phase electric motor in a single-phase network.
Voltage is supplied to the IM motor through circuit breaker Q1, magnetic starter MP. When the "start" button is pressed, relay P1 is triggered, which, with its contacts P1.2, supplies voltage to the coil of the MP starter and connects the starting capacitors Cn with contacts P1.1. In this case, the starter is triggered and connects the motor and working capacitors Cp to the network. At the same time, the auxiliary contacts of the MP 1.1 starter are closed and the starter becomes self-locking. When the "Start" button is released, the Cn is turned off. When you press the Stop button or when the RT motor thermal protection relay is triggered, the circuit opens, the starter turns off, the motor turns off and the circuit returns to its original position. When connecting the motor windings with a triangle Cp \u003d 4800 (IHOM / U), where IHOM is the rated current of the motor, U is the voltage in the network. Cn \u003d (2-3) Cf.
When storing the car in the garage, a tube is put on the fitting, which is led out above the roof of the garage. With this design, you will be fully guaranteed against any gas leaks. Before using cylinders, you need to check them operating pressure, volume, technical condition. The outer surface should not have dents, cracks, deep scratches and traces of corrosion. Near the VD neck it is indicated:
- date of test and date of next test;
- type of heat treatment (N - normalization, W - hardening with tempering);
- operating pressure;
- test hydraulic pressure (p225);
- actual weight, brand of the plant,
To connect gas pipelines, special adapters are used (Fig. 8), which are screwed into the cylinder instead of the valve, lubricating the thread with lead red lead. The tightening torque of the adapter is 45-50 kg / m (450-500) Nm. This can be checked with a special torque wrench, which can be borrowed from a car service station. When the valve or adapter is fully screwed in, 2-5 threads should remain on its threaded part. The size of the tapered thread (fig. 8) depends on the types of cylinders.
High-pressure pipes have a non-gasket nipple connection, which, when the union nut is tightened, abuts against the tapered surface of the fitting and, deforming, seals the connection point. If you purchased old pipes, you need to cut off the end of the pipe with the nipple and put on a new nipple, coat it with red lead, and tighten the union nut. After carefully tightening all threaded connections, the filling valve is opened, the filling device is connected and air is pumped in to half of the working pressure, the connections are checked, and in the absence of gaps, pumped to the full working pressure.
Air leaks must be eliminated after the pressure has been completely relieved. If there are no gaps, then open the filling valve and completely release the air from the system and pump gas into the cylinder. After that, the flow valve is opened and gas is introduced to the high pressure reducer, and its operation is checked.
To do this, using the fitting (13) (Fig. 1) set the gas pressure at the outlet to 10 kg / cm2, then purge the low pressure system with gas until air is completely removed, start the engine on gas and check the pressure at the outlet of the HP reducer. may fall slightly. All work must be carried out outside the premises. After that, the actuation of the safety valve of the reducer is checked. To do this, screw the fitting (13) smoothly (Fig, 1) and gradually increase the pressure at the outlet of the reducer until the valve is triggered. It should work at a pressure of 15-17 kg / cm2.
If the valve trips at a different pressure, it is necessary to loosen the lock nut on the valve and adjust the tripping. After that, check the tightness of the main valve. To do this, completely unscrew the fitting (13), while the gas should not enter the low pressure line. If the pressure increases slowly, then the valve seat in the reducer is changed or taken to a workshop. If everything is in order, make a test drive and check the low pressure reducer.
How to do this is well described in the operating instructions for gas equipment on liquefied gas and there is no need to describe it.It should be borne in mind that when using a low pressure reducer from a nozzle for liquefied gas, your car may slightly lose dynamism. To prevent this from happening, you can drill the jets in the gearbox by 1-2 tens, but then the mileage and efficiency will decrease. So the decision is yours.
Safety regulations for the operation of the vehicle and the refueling device.
You need to know that natural gas is lighter than air and rises upward, unlike liquefied gas, which spreads along the ground, fills all the cracks and basements. Therefore, during operation, this feature must be taken into account.
Before each departure and return to the garage, after maintenance and repair it is necessary to do a tightness check gas system... Most available ways gas leak detection is odor control and soaping. If you smell gas while driving, you must eliminate the malfunction. If you cannot eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to release the gas from the cylinders into the atmosphere (in the absence of people nearby, open fire, other vehicles).
When the gearbox freezes and the engine starts in winter period to warm up you need to use hot water, it is strictly forbidden to use open fire! When gas equipment lights up, it is necessary to close the valves, turn off the filling system. To extinguish a fire, you must have a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher on hand. In this case, it is necessary to water the cylinders with water in order to prevent an increase in pressure in them.
Once every three years, it is necessary to check the high-pressure cylinders by a hydraulic test, once a year - it is necessary to take it for inspection. It is strictly forbidden to attach structural elements to the surface of the cylinders by welding. When refueling a car, it is necessary to control the gas pressure at the compressor inlet and outlet, the temperature of the cylinders, and the pressure in the lubrication system. There must be no people in the vehicle while refueling.
If gas leaks are detected, refueling must be carried out at following conditions: refuel only with the flow valve closed, when refueling, do not stand near the refueling hose, do not tighten the nuts during refueling under pressure, do not knock with metal objects on the parts of the refueling system. Disconnect the filling hose only after closing the filling valve. When the working pressure in the cylinders is reached, it is necessary to turn off the compressor engine, close the filling valve, and close the valve at the compressor inlet.
In conclusion, I would like to say that the task was to give you a simplified, affordable and at the same time safe and efficient design of the filling device, which can be assembled in enough a short time and get moral and material pleasure from their work. At the same time, the article is informative and the site is not responsible for possible consequences use of materials.
It is recommended to refuel them at specialized points. Here it will not cause any difficulties, as all certified gas stations are equipped with necessary equipment... But a private trader who uses domestic gas in cylinders does not always have the opportunity to take the container to a specialist.
Is self-filling a gas cylinder dangerous?
Self-refueling of gas cylinders is prohibited, but if necessary, you can break this rule. The main thing is to follow the recommended safety measures. The factors due to which the manufacturer of cylinders prohibits refueling by non-specialists are the flammability and explosiveness of the gas.
How to fill a gas cylinder?
Anyone who decides to take this step should know the design of the cylinder. Gas injection and flow rate is provided by a multivalve installed on the neck of a metal container. For refueling, you need to assemble a priming system consisting of two gas hoses, a gas ball valve, an adapter with seals, and a gas cylinder. It is important to qualitatively connect all structural elements. For this, couplings of suitable size are used. All equipment can be purchased on the market.
The gas cylinder must be installed downward with a valve. To do this, you can build a structure from wooden blocks, or install it in a chair and securely fix it in an upright position. Those with experience self-refueling , prefer to weld a metal "skirt" to it, which serves as a stable support when the container is turned over. Residual gas must be vented.
The adapter is screwed onto the cylinder thread. To supply gas, you must use a ball valve in the filling system, not a cylinder valve. A reducer is not required as it will slow down refueling. They trust the reliability of the filling system and open the gas supply.
The process of filling the balloon is slow: it will take from 5 to 15 minutes. During gas overflow, the transition system cools down a lot, so you need to check the fill level with gloves. It is unacceptable to use open fire near a working filling system. It is recommended that even sparks be eliminated. Fill the cylinder only on outdoors.
A similar system can be used to refuel small tourist gas cylinders. You will need an adapter, scales, empty bottle, household balloon with gas. Weigh the empty container. The adapter is screwed on the cylinders one by one, the valve is opened and the gas is filled.
In many country houses gas cylinders are used, which must be filled regularly. Although they are also used in production. Refueling is much cheaper than purchasing a new bottle. They are used for heating and household needs. When living outside the city, the natural question is where to refuel gas bottle... This is described in the article.
Pros and cons of gas cylinders
An autonomous tank is an easy-to-use item. Its advantages include:
- Mobility. It can be rearranged, transported.
- Unlimited shelf life. It can be used later.
- Big choice. You can purchase a container of any size, purpose, made of various materials.
Among the minuses are:
- Fire hazard. If the tank is located in an area of \u200b\u200bfire or a sudden change in temperature, then this can lead to a threat to life and health, as well as damage to property.
- The presence of sediment in old tanks after long-term use. They need to be cleaned for future use.
- Gas leak if the equipment has been in use for a long time. You need to regularly change the jet to prevent this.
- Danger from sudden overturning. There is a risk of a pressure surge and a sudden burst of flame. And it is almost impossible to pay off everything on your own.
- Risk of inhalation. If the equipment is defective, people living in the house can be poisoned by carbon monoxide.
Where to contact?
Household gas cylinders are sold at specialized points. Usually there is home delivery of goods. Where to refuel the gas cylinder if it becomes empty? It is in these specialized centers that the containers are filled. As a rule, these points are located at stationary automobile gas stations.
Other items
Where else is propane? There are several options:
- Plant. But this option is not very convenient, and also not cheap.
- Companies that have received the right from Gostekhnadzor. These include the exchange of cylinders.
In factories and companies, there must be special premises that meet the requirements, as well as equipment that is needed for such work. Where to refuel gas This work is performed by the same specialized points.
Where should you not go?
Although this procedure can be performed at almost every gas station, where there are not even special cylinder points, it is not worth buying liquefied gas there. This is quite risky because:
- There is no gas leak check after this procedure.
- There is no control over refuelers, which makes the use of such gas equipment unsafe.
- Due to the format of the dispenser, the cylinder cannot be filled efficiently.
According to the norms, the filling volume should not exceed 85%. This creates a "vapor cap" in the cylinder, which protects against the risk of cylinder explosion due to high temperatures. In car cylinders, in comparison with household ones, there is a cut-off device that allows you to prevent gas overflow. Therefore, the equipment must be checked on a balance. Where is the best place to fill a gas cylinder? You can also go to gas stations, if only there is special equipment and a license.
Refueling process
Filling centers are called gas filling stations. They may have different equipment configurations. Usually the procedure is performed in 3 ways:
- Pumping: a pump is being used.
- Pump-compression: gas is taken by means of a pump and under high pressure compressor enters the cylinder.
- Pump-and-evaporation: the gas supply system has a heater-evaporator that provides increased pressure.
All refueling methods are safe if the rules and procedures are followed.
Station requirements
If you are interested in where you can fill a gas cylinder, then you should check the station for:
- Exhaust and pumping units.
- Gas tanks.
- Technical tools for transportation.
- Additional devices - dispensers, devices for measuring the density of a substance.
Where are household gas cylinders filled in cities? This is usually done by gas serviceswho connect and maintain this equipment. They deliver containers with the substance according to a specific schedule. They also deliver to the villages gas equipmentby delivering it on special machines.
The procedure is performed according to standard requirements. They must be observed as there is a risk of explosion. For example, the procedure is not performed if there is one of the drawbacks:
- equipment is defective;
- there is no required pressure in the cylinder;
- there are valve or valve deficiencies;
- rust is visible on the surface;
- paint peels off;
- there is damage.
Therefore, you need to check compliance with these standards in relation to where you can fill the gas cylinder. They must be labeled "compressed gas". An explosion hazard sticker is also attached. Only in this case, everything complies with safety standards, so refueling in such a company can be performed.
Refueling rules
Before the procedure, the balloon is freed from condensate and remaining gas. The filling is carried out on the basis of the characteristics indicated in the data sheet, so that the equipment will work safely. During the procedure, there should be no fire, sparks, coals or other hazardous substances nearby. The work can be done in 2 ways:
- Exchange. A person gives his tanks, and he is given the filled ones. This saves time. But the disadvantage is the receipt of other equipment, which may not have very high-quality parameters.
- Own cylinders. A person leaves his tanks for refueling, and after a while takes them away. Then only its own equipment will be used. But you have to spend money on delivery and wait a while.
After refueling, the equipment must be properly operated. It should not be affected by precipitation, sunlight... Cylinders should be stored upright. The equipment should be checked regularly for proper operation. It is better to eliminate any defects immediately, without waiting for adverse consequences.
What does the price depend on?
It is important to know not only where to fill the gas cylinder, but also the price of these services. The cost depends on:
- service level;
- availability of transport services;
- electricity costs;
- gas prices.
If the refueling procedures are violated, firms are held accountable. If they do not comply with the rules and regulations, then for these cases it applies.Therefore, if you need to fill a gas cylinder (50 liters or another volume), you should contact specialized companies that operate on the basis of a legally issued permit. Then the procedures for filling the cylinders are carried out correctly, which is safe for the life and health of people.
Gas prices are growing at such a rate that you do not have time to memorize them, and more and more often drivers are thinking about alternative forms fuel. Alas, but high price electric vehicles do not yet allow to switch to them en masse, the same applies to hydrogen fuel. Now the most effective way saving on refueling is the equipping of the car with gas-cylinder equipment () and the use of natural gas (methane) or liquefied gas (propane, butane) as fuel. Propane is obtained in the process of oil refining, but methane is the same gas that we all use to cook food in gas stoves, it is piped to most apartments and private houses. Moreover, if we compare prices for 1 cubic meter. meter of methane at gas stations (about 15 rubles) and gas prices for the population (about 4 rubles), then a significant difference is visible. Therefore, many have a reasonable question: is it possible to refuel a car with LPG with conventional household gas at home?
Indeed, such a possibility exists, but this does not mean that you can simply connect a hose from gas pipe to the vehicle and refuel. The fact is that in the cylinders installed on the car, the gas is under a pressure of 200 atmospheres, therefore, to pump it, you need a special compressor capable of compressing the gas to the required pressure and supplying it to the cylinders. Such equipment exists, although it is mostly imported and it costs a lot - from 3000 euros. But craftsmen have learned to adapt for these purposes the military compressor AK-150S, which is used on tanks, aircraft, infantry fighting vehicles and other military equipment... It will take from 4 to 10 hours to completely fill the car with methane, depending on the type of compressor used, so this procedure is best done at night. By the way, the night the best time for refueling and for one more reason - fewer people use gas at this time, which means that the load that the compressor creates on the gas main will be less noticeable, because a 100 liter cylinder contains about 20 cubic meters of gas and to refuel it you need to pump out methane from 1 , 3 km of low-pressure pipeline with a diameter of 140 mm. This can trigger the operation of the protective automatics at the gas distribution substation and the technical inspection system of the gas supply company will sooner or later reveal the cause of the excessive consumption of gas.
You don't need to get any special permits for refueling with methane at home, but you shouldn't go to gas workers with questions either - they will surely find something to dig into. It is clear that such a trick will not work in an apartment; this can only be done in a private house connected to a gas pipeline. And of course, for commercial purposes (that is, to refuel anyone who wants to for money), no one will allow you to open such a gas station at home. As an option - to cooperate with neighbors in the village, buy a compressor together and refuel in turn, then the costs will pay off very quickly. You just need to remember about safety precautions. Speaking of costs, do not forget that the compressor consumes a lot of electricity, so the cost of refueling increases. However, some especially cunning fellow citizens even here manage to save money, unwinding and electric meter and gas, but this is a completely different topic. We invite you to watch a video of how home installations for filling domestic gas into a car work in Ukraine. By the way, gas prices for the population there are lower than in Russia ...