Extracurricular activity
"Medicinal plants of the Khabaro region." 3rd grade
Teacher of Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 32, Komsomolsk-on-Amur
Kadykova Elena Nikolaevna
Goals:
Introduce famous and interesting people herbal plants our region, with their medicinal properties;
Expand students’ knowledge about medicinal plants of our region;
Establishing a causal relationship between individual elements of nature;
Development of cognitive abilities in learning, communication skills, curiosity;
Cultivating a sense of patriotism for native nature,
caring for it, protecting and wisely using its wealth.
1. Introduction to the topic. (To music) Slide (forest)
U: I don’t walk in the steppe,
I'm walking around the pharmacy.
I understand it
Herbal card index.
Boundless steppe,
Endless steppe,
You are an unwritten strange recipe.
Here in the forest thickets, where everything is sweet to the heart,
Where clean air it's so sweet to breathe
There is healing power in herbs and flowers,
For everyone who knows how to solve their mystery.
What is the poem about? (about nature, plants)
U: Today I invite you to take a trip to the enchanted, amazing world nature, world of flora. Slide (Flora) There is not a single useless plant in it.
The topic of the lesson (we read in chorus) is “Forest pharmacy in the service of man.” Slide)
We will find out how ordinary herbs can help human health.
2. Work in pairs.
And we will travel under the motto….-Collect a proverb and you will find out.
I will save my health, I will help myself. (Slide)
About 300 years ago, the first pharmacies appeared in Russia, where medicinal herbs were sold. And in distant times healing herbs collected special People. What were they called?
3. U: Solve the crossword puzzle . Slide
1.Like pine trees, like fir trees, but in winter without needles. (Larch)
2. The long-legged sisters came out into the meadow in a flock.
The word snow is that they have eyelashes and, like the sun, an eye. (Chamomile)
3.What is my name - tell me, I often hide in the rye, Modest wild flower, blue-eyed... (Cornflower)
4. Golden and young became gray in a week, and two days later his head became bald,
I’ll hide the former one in my pocket... (Dandelion)
5. You injured your leg while hiking, fatigue prevents you from walking,
Bend down, the soldier by the road is ready to help you on your way. (Plantain)
6. Red beads are hanging, looking at us from the bushes. These children, birds and bears love beads very much. (Raspberries)
7.Ask the calf and the lamb: there is no tastier flower in the world. It is no coincidence that it is called red porridge for its taste and color. (Clover)
8. Lives by the fence, doesn’t recognize anyone,
Not a dog, but he bites and won’t let you pet him. (Nettle)
Conclusion : People who collect lek. the herbs were called " herbalists." ( Appeared the word herbalist on the board)
What unites all the guessing words? (This is a medicinal herb)
4. “From the world of history” (narrated by a student)
Man has long noticed that animals, among the many plants, choose only those that help them heal.
Man began to study these plants and their properties. In Rus', such people were called “herbalists.” This is how knowledge about the medicinal properties of plants that we now use appeared.
The first essay about lek. herbs belongs to an outstanding doctor Ancient Greece Hippocrates, who lived BC. e. He described more than 200 plant species. (The word appears on the board Hippocrates)
5. Meeting with the herbalist and her grandchildren.
U: - Guys, would you like to meet with a herbalist who knows a lot about the healing properties of plants that grow in the vicinity of our region?
But she will come with her grandchildren, to whom she passes on her knowledge.
Meet us! (Music sounds. Enter the classroom)
Egorovna: My name is Grandma Egorovna. And these are my successors.
To learn the secrets of treatment. herbs, you need to know a lot about the nature around you, be able to observe the weather, follow the rules and traditions in the house of nature.
Guess what house we are talking about!
Mystery. (Grandson)
The house is open on all sides, the house is covered with a carved roof.
Come to green house, You will see miracles in it. (Forest)
Reading poetry - I (Grandchildren)
Forest like fairy kingdom,
There are medicines growing all around there,
In every grass, in every branch -
Both the medicine and the pills.
Well, what and how to treat
We can teach you.
All medicinal plants
We know without exception.
You just need to not be lazy,
You just need to learn
Find plants in the forest
Which are suitable for treatment!
Grandson: We will now introduce you to some of them.
There is a little curl in the forest - White shirt,
In the middle is the golden one, who is she?
6. Physics
Find the answer, it is hidden near you.
Music sounds, Chamomile appears.
Slide. (With photo and text)
It's me, Romashka. Chamomile – translated as “sweet simplicity.” My homeland is America. A long time ago, like a weed, I fell into the hold of steamships along with the grain, then I went along railway. There were gaps in the cars, and my small seeds were scattered along the railroad tracks. Soon the mounds were covered with soft and fragrant grass. That's how I came to Russia.
Teacher: Dear Chamomile, how are you useful?
Chamomile: Tear off a petal and find out how useful I am.
1st – Treats cough
2 – oh – Relieves fever
3rd – Used when washing hair
4th – By washing with a strong decoction, the skin becomes velvety and soft.
5th – Treats toothache
7. Chamomile : Remember simple folk remedy.
If your throat hurts.
Take 1 glass of milk, 1 glass of water and one pinch of chamomile and honey. Mix everything together, boil, strain and drink instead of tea.
Egorovna: Guys, do you know medicinal plants?
8. Try to guess and remember medicinal properties these plants.
Work in groups. (Each group has a card)
1. Plants that reduce warts. (Celandine)
2. The flowers of this tree are used as tea for colds. (Linden)
3. Green cabbage soup is cooked from this vitamin plant. (Sorrel)
4. Among the Russian people this is lek. The plant was called "agagave".
What is its scientific name? (Aloe)
5 Medicinal tree with a white trunk, supplier of healing juice. (Birch)
6. A medicinal plant that is part of almost all chewing gums. (Mint)
- Name the extra word. (Aloe)
Well done!
Grandson.
A thin stem near the path, at the end of it there is an earring.
There are leaves on the ground - small burlap.
How is he to us? good friend, treats wounds of legs and arms.
9. Physical - ka. (children are looking for the answer)
Music sounds, Plantain appears. ( Slide)
10. Plantain: It's me, Plantain. There is a legend about how my healing properties were discovered. Two snakes were lying on the road, basking in the sun. Suddenly a cart came around the bend. One snake managed to crawl away, but the other did not. People stopped and saw how the snake that had crawled away brought a plantain leaf to the wounded woman, and after a while they disappeared from sight together.
Teacher: Dear Plantain, how are you useful?
P: And this is what I want to ask the guys.
Conclusion:
If your tooth hurts, your eye is inflamed, your heart hurts, your gums are bleeding, you get hurt, cut yourself, your stomach hurts - run to me immediately!
11. Egorovna : Listen to my folk remedy.
You rubbed your foot - about misfortune.
You need to pick a plantain leaf and wrap it around the sore spot. The leaf feels pleasantly cold and the pain gradually goes away.
12. Music. Lily of the Valley enters. (Without crown)
Mystery. (Slide)
I bloom in the spring
Only the forest snow will melt away.
And on each stem in a row,
It's like light bulbs are burning.
Teacher: Oh, who are you?
Slide with text only.
13. Lily of the valley : I am a medicinal plant, meaning “lily of the valleys,” blooming in May. They call me a lifeguard human lives. I am a forest flower, but now they plant me in parks, on summer cottages. And what beautiful flowers I have - bells! And how wonderful they smell! But you can’t tear me apart - I’m listed in the Red Book. (Show)
Lily of the valley: Who am I? (Lily of the Valley) – puts on a crown
Slide with illustration and text.
Lily of the valley is used:
For the treatment of kidneys, heart, blood vessels, abdominal pain,
Acts as a sedative.
The girls rubbed lily of the valley juice on their cheeks to make them rosy.
In chorus! Lily of the valley is not only healing, but also poisonous. Its fruits are poisonous.
Eating it unprocessed is fatal!
Teacher: So how does lily of the valley differ from other plants that we talked about today? (It's poisonous)
14. Poisonous plants.
Name plants that are harmful to humans, but are medicine or food for animals.
Slide. Crow's eye.(Photo)
Crow's eye ---- birds----medicine
Slide. Wolf's Bast (Photo)
Wolf's bast ------- nectar ------- bees, ants
Conclusion.
U: Guys, let’s conduct a small exam for our guests - Grandma Egorovna and her grandchildren.
15. Exam.
1. This plant is hot when cooked green cabbage soup can replace sorrel. (Nettle)
2. A sweet substance that bees produce when collecting pollen and nectar from plants. (Honey)
3.It contains a large amount of starch, stomach diseases can be cured.
(Potato)
4.Name herbs and plants that can be used to cure a cold. (Raspberries, cranberries, coltsfoot, mint)
Well done, real healers!
16. Music. Rosehip, Yarrow, Lingonberry, and Coltsfoot appear.
U: Who are you? Why did you come to us?
All. We came to our friends! We are medicinal plants too!
Rose hip.
Somewhere in the dense forest,
Behind the barbed fence,
At the treasured place
There is a magic first aid kit:
There are red pills
Hanged on a branch.
They call me the king of the bushes
For the color and the smell
My petals.
My hot bush is green
I'm ready to hurt you
But I will help all the sick
And to those who are healthy.
Teacher. We know you are Rosehip! But how can you help?
Rose hip. Drink my infusion for prevention. It is very tasty and healthy. It contains vitamin C. And then you won’t get the flu!
Coltsfoot.
The top of the leaf is smooth,
But with flannelette lining
Teacher. We know that you are a Mother and Stepmother!
Coltsfoot. If your cough has tormented you, inflammation has begun,
Make friends with me soon, and I promise everything will pass.
Cowberry.
Glossy leaf
Berries with blush,
And the bushes themselves -
Not higher than a hummock.
Teacher. You are Lingonberry! 7
How do you help people?
Cowberry.
Fever, headaches, poor appetite.
Drink a decoction of my leaves,
You will instantly forget about them.
Yarrow.
White shield on a thousand leaves, growing on a hillock, I will help in trouble.
Teacher. How can you
help, Yarrow?
Yarrow. I, like the plantain, help people:
I heal wounds, improve appetite, relieve various inflammations.
Let's ask all the medicinal plants to come to the middle of the class and thank them for the healing properties that help humans
improve your health.
Music (holding hands)
17. Summary .
I saw a young sprout
Don't touch or tear.
Walk by and smile.
Years will pass and it will grow there
Healing herb.
Protect the green forest
Don't offend anyone!
Don't destroy the trees
Save flowers in the forest!
Have you come to nature for help?
Be kind and take care of her.
Don't break the branches, don't touch them
Remember, it takes many years
So that the bush can help you again.
You, my friend,
Look, don't let us down!
To be truthful
And promise good things!
Don't hurt either the bird or the cricket,
Don't buy a butterfly net! 8
Love flowers, forests,
The expanse of fields -
Everything that is called your homeland!
Egorovna: I don’t want tea with cookies, cake,
I miss taiga tea again:
With oregano, with smoke, with strawberry leaf,
But you can also use mint, raspberries, honey.
I want to treat you all to boiling water,
With a magical, taiga, forest smell.
An extracurricular activity in biology “Healing Plants” is held at school with the aim of developing students’ environmental literacy. Among its tasks are the historical, aesthetic and moral education of schoolchildren, the development of responsibility in relations with nature, and the education of a healthy lifestyle in children.
Preliminary preparation.
Students choose in advance a plant that they will talk about at the evening, select poems, songs, and riddles about it. From this plant they prepare drinks, creams, lotions, and arrange compositions.
Progress of the event
When your heart is not at peace,
When you can't control yourself,
Stay in the forest in a sunny clearing,
And all sorrows will be removed as if by hand.
A.K. Celje.
Presenter 1: Dear Guys! Today at our evening you will get acquainted with amazing plants that help people treat diseases and maintain health.
The construction of urban and industrial complexes has led to a disruption in the connection between man and the natural environment. The high pace of today's life, the intensity of the work process, the stress of the of different nature and many other factors place increased demands on all organs human body. Various herbal remedies can be of great help in correcting and restoring strength.
Presenter 2: For specialists mental work, everyone who works with people needs positive psychological effects, for example, evening walks to a park, square, where the peaceful sound of trees calms and encourages. The aromas of some herbs - thyme, mint, fragrant geranium, pine needles, lavender, sage... calm nervous excitement. Infusions are prepared from these plants and sprayed into sleeping areas. Baths with hops, fragrant calendula, string, valerian and their mixtures are good for relieving stress.
Presenter 1: It is advisable to take these plants (nervous calming) internally in the form of tea, drinks, juices, and better - in the afternoon, at night. Sensitivity to herbal remedies is individual, so each person selects plants for himself personally. After 1.5 months, the plants are changed, because the body can get used to them.
To stimulate decreased appetite, plants with a bitter taste are used 20-40 minutes before meals. These are tinctures of wormwood, dandelion, yarrow, as well as onions, garlic, wild garlic...
Presenter 2: The green world of our planet has always been close to man. The wisdom of people who love nature has created immortal monuments not only of scientific but also of literary creativity. Even doctors wrote poems about herbs. In the 12th century, for example, the poem “On the Properties of Herbs” was written. Its author is a doctor and pharmacist Oda, who lived in France. The poem mentions 77 medicinal plants, says how and where they grow, and why they are useful.
This is what is written about the benefits of the well-known chamomile:
The wise Asclepius gives a lot of praise to anthemia, that is, chamomile...
...excellent for treating liver suffering,
you will drive away the chill, and often the whole fever...
And this is not the only poem about healing herbs written in ancient times.
The Salerno Code of Health, compiled by the famous physician Arnaldo de Villanova (14th century), is well known:
Add roses and flowers and love pains will subside,
If you eat cherries, you will receive considerable benefits:
They cleanse the stomach, and remove stones from the core,
Will good blood you have from the pulp of the berries.
Peaches, along with new wine, are taken by right.
So there is a custom to combine nuts with grapes.
Raisins are not good for the spleen...
Rose, verbena, dill, hemedonea, also rue -
Everyone takes the medicine, which makes vision sharper.
Presenter 1: In the soul of every person there lives love for his native land. We must know and remember that living plants are human safety, and their death is his death. And today we will try to learn something new about the life of Mother Nature.
Presenter 2: The world of flowers is amazing. Each flower has its own character, its own purpose, its own secret, the secret of beauty... There are legends and stories about many flowers. Here is one of them.
The rose, according to Greek legend, was born together with Aphrodite - the goddess of beauty and love - from sea foam and at first was white, but from a drop of the goddess’s blood, pricked on a thorn, it became scarlet.
The Romans' love for roses was so great that they began to use the lands that had previously been occupied by cereals for plantations. There is even a line in the poems of the poet Martial: “Egyptians, send us bread in exchange for our roses.”
The Roman Emperor Nero once paid a barrel of gold for roses brought from Alexandria in winter. Roses were placed in bowls at feasts. Wanting to amaze the guests, they showered them with roses. The bride was decorated with a wreath of roses and the wedding bed was showered with petals. Roses were thrown at the feet of the victorious warriors.
Persia is considered the birthplace of the rose. In ancient times, this country was called Gulistan - the land of roses (“Gul” means “rose”).
The most fragrant roses were grown by the Thracians who lived in the Kazanlak Valley (Bulgaria). Rose oil was obtained from them. Roses began to be grown in our gardens and parks under Peter I.
Presenter 1: We invite students of grade 6a. They will tell us about the beneficial properties of roses and tea.
Presenter 1: Thank you for useful information. The jury evaluates the performance.
Presenter 2: Up to 130 were found in tea leaves chemical compounds, and many of them have medicinal properties. Young leaves are especially rich in healing substances: a quarter of all biologically active substances are concentrated in the top three leaves tea bush. Caffeine, the content of which in the highest grades of tea reaches 4%, has a tonic effect.
Presenter 1: What do you know about tea?
Quiz for the audience.
- Who opened the tea? (It is said that the goats ate tea leaves from an evergreen bush and began to behave strangely, noticeably more lively than usual.)
- What are the benefits of tea for the human body? (Restores strength, calms the heart, lowers blood pressure, protects against colds (contains vitamin C).)
- In which country do you drink tea the most today? (The record holders for tea drinking are the British. Men drink more women. Per year per person – 1800 cups. And also Ireland.)
- When did tea become famous in Russia? (In 1638, the royal steward V. Tyumenets, being an ambassador to Mongolia, first tried the drink, which he liked, and Altyn Khan sent several vessels of tea as a gift to the Russian Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich.)
For a long time, this drink was considered rare among us and belonged to the nobility. But gradually tea drinking became so popular that it turned into a national custom. And it was here, in Russia, that the samovar was invented. - Explain the expression “To indulge in some tea.” (The peasants drank tea only on special occasions: it was too expensive for them.)
Presenter 1: We invite students from grade 6b to perform. They also prepared information about medicinal plants for us. And which one - try to guess!
Questions for viewers:
- The scientific name of this flower is “Roman grass”. It is also called popovnik, divination, navels, sunflower.
- What flower is called the flower of lovers?
- How beautiful the flower is, it looks like the sun! (Chamomile.)
Presenter 2: Where did the expression “They robbed you like crazy” come from?
The meaning of the saying is to take everything from a person and leave him naked. This saying appeared thanks to the bast shoes that peasants in Rus' used to wear. Bast shoes were woven from linden bast. One pair contained the bark of 2-3 stickies. There the trees stood, stripped, completely bare. But besides weaving bast shoes, linden was also used as a medicinal plant.
Presenter 1: Students in grade 6b will tell us about linden and chamomile.
Presenter 2: Thank you for the useful information. And now – a game for the audience “Listen Don’t Yawn.”
Conditions. 2 people per class are invited. Each student is given a sign with the name of the plant, which he pins on his chest.
(Approximate plant names: tomato, cabbage, birch, rose hip, linden, strawberry, hazel, carrot.)
The guys line up in one line, the leader reads out the task - signs characteristic of plants. The student must find a match between the trait and “his” plant. If the answer is correct, he takes a step forward; if the answer is incorrect, he is eliminated from the game. The points earned are credited to the class team.
Tasks:
- Perennial plants (birch, rose hips, linden, strawberries).
- Herbaceous plants(tomato, cabbage, strawberries, carrots).
- Shrubs (rose hips, hazel).
- Annual plants (tomato).
- Angiosperms (all).
- Forming a root vegetable (carrot).
Presenter 1: Thanks to the participants. And now the riddle:
Try to guess who the five brothers are:
Two are bearded, two are beardless,
And the last fifth one looks like a freak:
Only the beard is on the right, not a trace on the left... (Chapals of a rose hip flower.)
Presenter 2: Difficult? Then another mystery.
Sits on a stick, wearing a red shirt.
Is your belly full and full of pebbles? (Rose hip.)
Well done! You guessed it right. Students in grade 7a will tell us about the beneficial properties of rose hips and calendula.
Presenter 1: Thanks for the useful information. And for the spectators we will play the game “Taster”.
1 person per class is invited.
Exercise: identify the plant used to brew herbal tea by taste and smell.
Infusions used: chamomile, oregano, currants, strawberries, mint.
For a correctly guessed plant - 1 point. The points scored are credited to the team's treasury.
Presenter 2:
It was not a green flock of moths that sat on the bushes.
That spring day the currant leaves turned green.
And in the summer I’ll see her in the shady garden -
My currant will put on a red monisto.
Presenter 1: As you may have guessed, we will talk about currants. And grade 7b will present it to us.
Presenter 2: Thanks for the useful information. The jury calculates the overall results.
And for everyone else it is announced game "Love at first sight".
We invite 12 participants. The first 6 participants receive pictures of “fruits”, the other 6 – “synonymous words”. Task: find a pair.
For example: hazel - hazel, aspen - trembling poplar.
While the jury sums up the results, a musical break is announced.
The jury speaks, the teams are awarded.
Presenter 1: If only white flowers bloomed in the field?
Presenter 2: You and I would soon get tired of admiring them.
Presenter 1: If only yellow flowers bloomed in the field?
Presenter 2: You and I would get bored with such beauty.
Presenter 1:
It’s good that there are daisies, roses, asters, cornflowers,
Dandelions and porridge, forget-me-nots and frying.
Presenter 2:
It’s good that people are not similar in eye and skin color,
How beautiful is the colorful world, the multi-colored globe!
Best wishes! See you again!
Scenario extracurricular activity for children 10-13 years old “Green pharmacy around us”
Purpose of the event: develop cognitive interests in the study of medicinal plants of Donbass and their use in various diseases.Objectives of the event: continue to introduce students to medicinal plants and their practical use in folk medicine for various diseases; cultivate a caring attitude towards them, instill a love for the nature of Donbass.
Children's age is 10-13 years.
Hall decoration: original drawings of medicinal plants for children; applications of medicinal plants “Which plant is superfluous here”, photographs of the nature of Donbass, illustrations, herbariums.
Progress of the event
Teacher. Guys! Last year we got acquainted with the main medicinal plants of Donbass.In forest thickets, in fields and meadows,
Where everything is sweet for the heart,
Where there is clean air,
It's so sweet to breathe
Found in herbs and flowers
Healing Power:
For everyone who can
Unravel their secret...
And now we have to find out how they can be used in practice for various diseases. After all, not all diseases need to be treated immediately using tablets and powders. Nature has given us such a huge amount medicinal herbs. Surely, your grandparents used plants for many diseases. They used them to treat bronchitis, colds, stomach, liver and... This list can go on and on. And this knowledge and skills were passed on from generation to generation. This is how the science of healing with plants appeared and it is called PHYTOTHERAPY.
Herbal medicine, both in Russian folk medicine and in folk medicine of all continents and times, has been and remains the main type of treatment. Vegetable world always gave a person an extensive and fairly large range of medicinal products. Herbal medicine has a centuries-old tradition, because the medicinal properties of plants were used even when most modern drugs were not even in sight. Our ancestors successfully treated many diseases using healing potions prepared from medicinal herbs, berries, and fruits. After all, medicinal plants contain vitamins, microelements, essential oils, inorganic salts and organic acids. The effect of using correctly selected and prepared medicinal plants can be equal to application generally accepted medicines. But the advantage of herbal medicine is that it has a softer, more gentle effect, and has much fewer contraindications and complications after taking drugs of chemical origin.
1st student.The herbs need to be bowed
And fall in love with them forever.
Herbal medicinal stock
Will be able to help you in difficult times.
2nd exercise j. Grasses grow in summer,
They are stored for the winter.
If there is a flaw in health,
You need to read the ABCs of grass.
3rd student. All medicinal herbs
THEY DESERVED A LOT OF FAME.
Nature is full of herbs,
This has been known for a long time.
4th student. Man and beast and bird
They can be treated with herbs.
To maintain health,
You need to be friends with herbs.
5th student. Chamomile, mint, plantain
Help heal wounds,
But be CAREFUL with herbs!
You have to know moderation in everything!
And today we will hold an event with you dedicated to the use of medicinal plants in folk medicine.
Teacher. First we will do a little warm-up with you. To do this, I need two teams that will compete in various competitions. So here we go.
Competition 1st. Team members take turns to name as many medicinal plants of Donbass as possible. The team that names the most medicinal plants wins. For each plant the participant receives 1 point.
Competition 2nd. Each team will be given a set of medicinal plants and diseases for which the plant can be used. The team must correctly connect the medicinal plant and the disease.
Medicinal plants:
1. Althea, mother and stepmother
2. Chamomile and St. John's wort
3. Rowan and rosehip
4. Valerian, lily of the valley
5. Peony, motherwort
6. Sphagnum moss, plantain
7. Nettle
8. Burdock, burdock
9. Cornflowers, blueberries
10. Dandelion, corn (name what exactly is used)
Diseases:
1. Vitamin deficiency
1. Bronchitis
2. Diseases of the organs of vision
3. Hemostatic
4. Sedative
5. Liver diseases
6. To strengthen hair growth
7. Heart
8. Stomach diseases
9. For wounds, cuts.
Answer: 3-1; 9-2; 7-3; 1-4; 4-5; 10-6; 8-7; 4-8; 2-9; 6-10.
Competition 3rd. Find the extra...
The teams will be given tests containing diseases and several options for medicinal herbs. Members of each team must cross out in 1 minute extra plant with this disease. The team that correctly identified the “extra” plant during this time wins.
Question 1: The juice of which plant is not used for a runny nose?
a) aloe;
b) colanchoe;
c) grapes
Question 2. Which plant is not used as a heart plant?
a) lily of the valley;
b) valerian;
c) marshmallow
Question 3. What plant infusions can be antipyretic and diaphoretic?
a) linden
b) raspberries;
B) motherwort
Question 4. Which plant is used to remove warts?
a) celandine;
b) nettle;
c) mint
Question 5. Which plant is not used for eye diseases?
a) cornflower;
b) series;
c) blueberries
For each correct answer the team receives 5 points.
Competition 4. Each team will be given a “grid” containing medicinal plants from Donbass. In 1 minute, team members need to find these medicinal plants and then explain how to use them.
"Grid" for team 1.
A N E B E R E Z A P
P A K A C I D N V
V F F I A L K A C K
VSH I P O V N I K B
F P N K R A P I V A
"Grid" for team 2
R Z V E R O B O Y P
O P M I T A V O SH Z
N L U M T E R E D A
I B U Z I N A N T V
T R O B L E P I H A
Competition 5th. The author of the famous lines is encrypted in this grid: “The doctor treats diseases, but nature heals.” Teams must find the author of these lines in 1 minute.
C a P g o t i k p f s p t o k g k r o a d l t a
(answer: Hippocrates)
Competition 6th
Each team is invited to solve “its own” crossword puzzle about medicinal plants of Donbass.
Crossword for team 1. If the team correctly answers the crossword questions horizontally, they will be able to read the name of the “vitamin” plant vertically.
Questions. 1. This plant has a second name: salvia. The name of the plant comes from the Latin word “to save”, to protect. This plant is light- and heat-loving, with violet-blue flowers. It strengthens gums in case of bleeding and in general for throat diseases.
2. This plant is also called blue St. John's wort. It has unique healing properties, which were known to the inhabitants of Ancient Greece and Rome. In folk medicine, it is used in the treatment of respiratory diseases, digestive disorders, for rapid healing of wounds; a decoction of the leaves is used to rinse the mouth during inflammatory processes. Housewives use it successfully in cooking.
3. The medicinal properties of this plant were mentioned in medieval treatises. The properties of this bitter-tasting plant are noted to “strengthen the stomach”, relieve pain in it, with influenza, gastritis, liver and gall bladder diseases. The infusion is used to lubricate the affected areas for cuts and insect bites, use for hair loss, and relieve fatigue.
4. On the roadside lawn he was golden like the sun. But it blossomed and looked like a fluffy white lump. On a hot day, the carpet is cheerful, the bees love it very much, the bumblebee flies from afar to the amber flower. And how delicious and medicinal the coffee made from its roots is!
5. This plant has been cultivated since the 17th century. It was grown in royal and monastery gardens. But this plant received its widest use when the Caucasus, Crimea, Bessarabia, middle Asia. A whole direction has emerged in medicine - treatment with this plant: seeds, roots, berries, juice, leaves, even ash and water from it. And kids love dry berries so much!
6. This flower and medicinal plant has another name “capuchin” and it came to Europe from the countries South America. Due to the fact that it is not whimsical and does not require special conditions, has taken root well in the climatic conditions of Russia and Europe. Excellent honey plant. Essential oils used not only in traditional, but also folk medicine for severe hair loss. It is included in drugs that are used in the treatment of sore throat, bronchitis, and tinctures are prepared from the leaves for the treatment of kidneys.
7. This perennial tree can be white and even “goat”. Grows on the banks of rivers, streams, ponds, in gardens, near roads. Its bark is used as an analgesic, tonic, increases blood clotting and even strengthens the nervous system and diseases such as tachycardia and colds.
8. She better than plants he replaces the rest of the seven doctors, doctors and others and doesn’t fool anyone. There is more vitamin A and C in it than in an egg. Lots of vitamin K and healthy protein.
(Answers: 1 – sage, 2 – hyssop, 3 – wormwood, 4 – dandelion, 5 – grapes, 6 – nasturtium, 7 – willow, 8 – nettles A)
Crossword for team 2. If the team answers the horizontal crossword questions correctly, they will be able to read the vertical name of the plant, which has been used in folk medicine for more than 2,000 years. Tea with this plant is delicious aromatic drink, which has a number of healing properties. This is a drink that gives pleasure and at the same time calms you down. nervous system, “strengthens and invigorates the body.”
Questions.
1. We encounter this plant every day when we brush our teeth and more... “It improves appetite and does not harm health”
2. It got its name because its branches are completely covered with sharp thorns, like the skin of a prickly forest dweller. And we use preparations from its leaves for coughs and flu as a diaphoretic and for liver diseases.
3. This tree blooms later than others, but the smell is such that all the honey bees in the area flock to this smell. And the flowers help cure you of colds.
4. This plant is also called blue St. John's wort. It has unique healing properties that were known to the inhabitants of Ancient Greece and Rome. In folk medicine, it is used in the treatment of respiratory diseases, digestive disorders, for rapid healing of wounds; a decoction of the leaves is used to rinse the mouth during inflammatory processes. Housewives use it successfully in cooking.
5. The resin secreted by this thorny tree can be used for gums and is part of a medicinal forest balm.
6. In French they call her Lilas, which means “lilac.” In countries Western Europe and America, the name of the plant is associated with the color of its flowers. Translated from Persian it is simply “flower”, and in Iran and Turkey it is called “fox tail” because of the shape of the inflorescence. In Russia, it was grown both in ancient landowner estates and in parks. But it's not only beautiful plant, but also healing, and there are so many varieties of it in Donetsk!
7. This medicinal plant came to us from South Africa. The pulp of the leaf heals cuts and wounds and treats burns. Juice is good for treating a runny nose if you drop it into your nose.
(Answers: 1 – mint, 2 – blackberry, 3 – linden, 4 – hyssop, 5 – pine, 6 – lilac, 7 – aloe)
Teacher. In the meantime, our “intellectuals” are solving crossword puzzles, I will hold a “blitz tournament” with you and find out how much you know the rules for collecting and preparing medicinal plants. For each correct answer you will receive 1 point, which will add to the piggy bank of one or another team. We are starting our “Blitz tournament”.
Questions.
1. What is considered a medicinal raw material?
2. What is the source for collecting medicinal plants?
3. Is it possible to collect medicinal plants near roads?
4. What should you consider when collecting medicinal plants?
5. Is it possible to collect medicinal plants listed in the Red Book?
6. In what weather are the above-ground parts of plants harvested?
7. Is it possible to collect wilted flowers, flowers affected by diseases and pests?
8. At what time of day should you collect medicinal plants?
9. In what weather are the above-ground parts of plants harvested?
10. When should you collect the petals of essential oil roses and other similar plants so that the oils do not evaporate?
11. When should you collect bark and from which trees?
12. During what period of plant development are medicinal herbs collected?
13. How will you collect the herb St. John's wort, string, motherwort, wormwood?
14. At what time of year are roots, rhizomes, tubers collected and in what way?
15. At what time of year are tree buds collected?
16. How should medicinal herbs be dried?
17. At what temperature should medicinal raw materials with a high content of vitamin C be dried?
18. How to determine whether medicinal plants are dried or not?
19. Is it possible to pull out plants by their roots?
20. How should I pick berries and at what time of day?
Teacher. So. The blitz tournament is over and you showed good knowledge of medicinal plants and contributed to the treasury of each team. And now we can sum up the results of the event, which the jury will tell us about.
Jury member. Guys! To summarize, it can be noted that you have demonstrated your knowledge of medicinal plants and herbal medicine. And according to the sum of points, we do not have a winner - both teams scored the maximum number of points and therefore FRIENDSHIP WON!
Teacher. And now we will go to a “tea party” with medicinal herbs, dedicated to friendship and our “intellectuals”.
"In the world of medicinal herbs"
Goals: develop cognitive activity children in the process of forming ideas about medicinal plants, to cultivate a caring attitude towards their health, to give children the joy of participating in the holiday.
Equipment: pictures of medicinal herbs, costumes for children and Baba Yaga, collection of medicinal herbs, music by P.I. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons” June.
The progress of the holiday
1. Introductory part.
Teacher: Hello, dear guys! I am very glad that you have gathered today at the festival “In the World of Medicinal Herbs”.
Healing herbs
The days of medicinal herbs have arrived -
Mint, fireweed, St. John's wort.
Gathering them in fragrant bunches,
I carry flowers with me from the forests.
Everything is healing: forest, meadows, fields,
Plantain, thyme thickets,
Generous beautiful land,
Like a doctor, he heals our wounds.
Kuklina E.E.
2. Main part.
Since ancient times, people have noticed that sick animals leave to find some kind of grass, which they eat when they recover. So both man and man began to seek help from different plants. Our ancestors knew beneficial features many flowers and herbs: the sick and wounded were treated with herbal balms and infusions, and they drank tea from various herbs. Let's learn more about medicinal plants and why people need them?
1. We will find out how ordinary herbs can help human health. And the well-known good doctor will help me and all of you. Guess who he is?
Treats small children
Heals birds and animals
He looks through his glasses
Good doctor.... (Aibolit).
Since Doctor Aibolit is busy on calls, you will treat the animals.
The squirrel got sick. She has a sore throat. But she doesn’t want to take the pills. Can you help her?
Elegant dresses, yellow brooches,
Not a spot on the beautiful clothes,
If you happen to catch a cold:
A cough will develop, a fever will rise -
Move the steaming mug towards you
Slightly bitter, fragrant decoction.
(Children advise.) If your throat hurts, then best doctor- decoction of meadow medicinal chamomile
And our Little Chanterelle has a cold.
The monkey has no strength.
Mishka has insomnia.
These are the miracles that medicinal herbs can do.
Well done guys, you already know a lot about medicinal plants. But how many of you can tell us about the rules for collecting this natural gift? Medicinal herbs are prepared in certain deadlines, away from roads and livestock grazing. When collecting medicinal plants, we must not forget about caring for surrounding nature, that we come to visit the House of Nature and must follow the rules of behavior and good attitude towards all residents of this big House.
Remember, guys, that medicinal plants need to be collected correctly.
Rules for collecting medicinal plants.
1. The underground parts of plants are collected in dry weather, after the dew has subsided.
2. Dry under a canopy to avoid direct sunlight. Why? (children's answers)
3. Plants that are sick or damaged by pests should not be collected.
Suddenly Baba Yaga appears.
Teacher (surprised): Baba Yaga!
Baba Yaga: Well, I’m not that kind of Baba Yaga, and now I’m not Baba Yaga at all, but a witch and healer of forest herbs. Want to check it out?
2. Quiz “Medicinal plants”.
1. What garden plants are they medicinal? (Onions, pumpkin, beets, carrots, garlic, dill, parsley, etc.).
2. A medicinal flower, on the petals of which all lovers tell fortunes. (Chamomile.)
3. During what period are medicinal plants collected? (May-September)
4. What plants do you know that have antimicrobial properties? (St. John's wort, chamomile, calendula)
5. What plants heal wounds?
6. A medicinal plant that is part of almost all chewing gums. (Mint.)
7. Russian name This plant comes from the Kazakh word “jerabai”, which means “healer of wounds”. What kind of plant is this? (St. John's wort.)
8. The plant, which has healing properties, is popularly called “cat potion”, as cats love its smell and even eat the leaves. (Valerian.)
9. The Latin name of this decorative and medicinal flower- calendula. In Russia, this flower received its name for the shape of its petals, similar to the shape of the plates on the fingers. (Marigold.)
Teacher: Thank you children and Baba Yaga! I think the kids learned a lot about the benefits of medicinal herbs. Now let's hold small competitions and determine the best expert on medicinal herbs.
Didactic exercise “Identify by smell” (mint, oregano, tansy, plantain, chamomile, celandine)
3. Educational game “At a doctor’s appointment”»
Game description
“doctors” are children who will help the “patient” in choosing a plant that helps get rid of the disease;
“sick” - children who will name the symptoms of the disease.
The cards used in the game are:
1) a sick heart - drops of lily of the valley, a remedy that calms a strong heartbeat;
2) poor appetite - dandelion root stimulates the appetite; salads are made from the leaves;
3) frequent sore throats - chamomile;
4) sick stomach - yarrow is used for stomach diseases;
5) warts – sundew, celandine;
6) wounds and scratches – fresh leaves apply plantain, crushed, to a bruise or scratch;
7) blurred vision - blueberries are medicine and vitamins;
8) colds – raspberry infusion, medicinal chamomile, coltsfoot;
9) cough – thyme, coltsfoot, plantain;
10) bleeding – yarrow;
11) what to use instead of cotton wool - sphagnum moss was used during the war instead of cotton wool, applied to wounds.
12)vitaminosis - currants, cabbage, rose hips, blueberries, cranberries, lingonberries.
Where can I learn about the medicinal properties and uses of plants? (in reference books and encyclopedias)
4. Riddles competition
In the heat of the stumps
Many thin stems.
Each thin stalk
Holds a scarlet light.
Unbend the stems -
Collecting lights.
(Strawberry)
White bells.
White pots on green stems.
(Lilies of the valley)
White basket -
Golden bottom,
There is a dewdrop in it
And the sun sparkles.
(Chamomile)
Rye is spiking in the field.
There, in the rye, you will find a flower.
Bright blue and fluffy.
It's just a pity that it's not fragrant:
(Cornflower)
Whoever touches -
He clings to him.
Affectionate and caustic,
There are needles sticking out all around.
(burdock)
This boy wears it!
Yellow sundress.
When he grows up, he will dress up
In a little white dress:
Light, airy,
Obedient to the wind.
(Dandelion)
Evil as a she-wolf.
It burns like mustard!
What kind of miracle is this?
This is (nettle)!
5. Poems about herbs. The music of P.I. Tchaikovsky “The Seasons” sounds
Meadow grass
We will go far with our grandmother
To the meadow, where all sorts of herbs are familiar to her,
Hands flicker without getting tangled in the grass,
In thin and sharp, in thick and curly.
Here from a cold, but from annoyance,
This will save you from headaches!
We are happy to learn from grandma
The wise science of her herbal.
Let's grow with herbs from our meadow
We will treat, relieve the disease.
(E. Feyerabend)
Forest tea
I don’t want tea with cookies or cake.
I miss taiga tea again:
With oregano, with smoke, with strawberry leaf,
Brewed in a large copper pot.
So that the pines whisper and the birds scream
About something of your own, in the forest language.
(Yu. Mogutin)
The traveler's friend, the plantain, a modest, inconspicuous leaf.
You laid a wet patch on your cut finger.
The traveler's friend, the plantain, is unknown to many of us,
That the medicine was found right there, on the path, at your feet.
(V. Rozhdestvensky)
6. Dramatization “Medicinal plants”
Rusya Belaya
I heard today
Heated debate of medicinal herbs.
Like blueberries with strawberries
We figured out who was right:
Which one is more useful?
Who will save everyone from diseases,
“I like blueberries a lot better,”
strawberry says -
Even if I grow in a dense forest,
I improve my appetite
I still quench my thirst,
And I help my stomach,
My medicinal infusion
The recipe for colds is simple.
I'm lowering the pressure
I help the heart beat,
The wounds will heal quickly,
I will prolong the youth of my skin!”
The blueberry objected to her:
“I’m more useful, no doubt about it.
Because for people I
There is one answer for a hundred troubles.
My syrup reduces sharply
Blood sugar in people
I have the ability
Treat throat in children
For gastritis and colitis
My infusion will help everyone
For burns, stomatitis,
I’ll save everyone from problems!”
“I’ll argue with you girls,”
Suddenly the lily of the valley got involved in this dispute, -
No one has a better heart than me
I haven’t treated it for a long time.
Let someone judge us,”
May lily of the valley suggested.
And they all went together
Look for someone to judge them.
Everyone they met
They just shook the stems:
They said that they
Both useful and necessary.
And wild rosemary and oregano,
Clover, asparagus, lungwort,
And lavender and thyme,
And finally, violet.
Turned out to be wiser than everyone
Only medicinal sage.
He said: "You are all useful,
You are medicine for people,
Help against diseases
Only each from his own.
Stop arguing quickly
And don't waste your time
And get ready for the road:
Every family is waiting for you!”
3. Final part.
Summarizing.
Our holiday has come to an end. I would like to end our conversation with these lines:
There's a huge house on earth,
Under the blue roof,
The sun, rain and thunder live in it,
Forest and sea surf,
Birds and flowers live in it,
The cheerful sound of the stream,
You live in that bright house,
And all your friends.
Wherever the roads lead,
You will always be in it.
The nature of our native land,
Herbs and flowers have healing powers
For everyone who knows how to solve their mystery.
V. Rozhdestvensky
Essentially, any plant is created by nature for the good, and the task of man is only to understand its purpose, since the entire green world is a kind of pharmacy, about which the poet S. Kirsanov rightly wrote:
I don't walk in the steppe
— I'm walking around the pharmacy,
Understanding her herbal file.
The first mention of medicinal plants became known from the work of Dioscritus “On Medicinal Herbs,” which contains a description of more than 600 plants and recipes for their use, written in ancient centuries.
Everyone knows the old truth: nothing is more important than health. For a long time, people who wanted to improve their health or get rid of an illness turned to the healing powers of nature. And in order to introduce users to herbs, the basics of herbal medicine, in the children's library-branch No. 1 named after. A.S. Pushkin exhibition and information was organized “There is healing power in herbs and flowers”
, which presents books about medicinal plants.
Throughout the entire time of his existence and development, man, voluntarily and involuntarily, had to experience the properties and effects of those plants that grew around him. Thus, a person gained experience in using medicinal plants. Even now, when pharmacology and the pharmaceutical industry are developed, the use of medicinal herbs remains relevant.
Medicinal plants are used to treat acute and chronic diseases, used as prophylactic. In the century modern technologies herbal medicine remains relevant and many people are interested in it.
Printed materials created in the library were specially included with this exhibition.