Glazing is a specially developed technology for decorating surfaces, involving multi-layer application of translucent coloring compositions for beautiful deep colors. On its basis, over time, glazing paints were created for internal works, decoration of external elements and other works.
Glaze paint is a translucent coating that is used to protect and decorate various surfaces.
Creates a beautiful uniform color with many midtones that look like soft transitions, with a unique, interesting outline, which makes the interior design truly unique.
Such compositions differ in components and areas of application:
- Indoor coatings (acrylic or oil).
- Coverings exterior decoration(based on synthetic components).
They are perfect for woodworking, as they give shine, smoothness to the structure, and highlight embossed details.
Types and advantages of glazing paints for indoor treatment
As a rule, coatings used for interior work contain many components, including water, various additives, and a lime base.
The only thing that they do not contain is organic solvents and other harmful substances.
Acrylic compounds
Among the advantages of acrylic-based glaze dyes, it is worth highlighting:
- Moisture resistance.
- Leave no smudges.
- Resistant to fading, dust particles and dirt, sometimes flame retardant components are present.
- They do not have an unpleasant odor.
- Dry quickly (2-4 hours).
- They lack harmful substances, which allows you to paint in places of long-term presence of people.
Sometimes a glazing antistatic agent is used, which prevents the formation of fungi and other unpleasant things.
Oil
Speaking of oil paints, the following positive characteristics can be distinguished:
- Resistance to external influences, wear resistance.
- Freely withstand mechanical stress.
- Resistant to temperature swings.
- Resistant to moisture.
- Safe.
In addition, this type of paint is quite inexpensive, which makes it even more attractive.
- Also, in general, glazing paints have a number of useful properties:
- Withstand low and high temperatures, as well as their fluctuations.
- They tolerate frosts well.
- Do not allow the appearance and reproduction of harmful microflora.
- Resistant to moisture, ultraviolet rays.
Disadvantages of the formulations
As for the shortcomings, there are not many of them, but they are there. In particular, oil-based formulations dry for a long time (about 3 days).
When applying any glaze paint, it is necessary to comply with the temperature indicators (+10 to +30), and moderate humidity, otherwise the coating will deteriorate.
In some cases, consumers complained that expectations were not met, but here it is worth clarifying - the end result depends on the professionalism of the painter.
When choosing a glazing paint for interior work, it should be borne in mind that it differs significantly from the composition intended for outdoor use, and they are not interchangeable.
Mixtures for outdoor use are not particularly environmentally friendly, therefore, they are categorically not recommended to be used indoors.
Moreover, they are inapplicable for children's rooms and bedrooms, since they may contain harmful, toxic components.
Application of glaze paints
The compositions are used when carrying out external and interior decoration premises, while protecting surfaces well from unwanted influences (ultraviolet, dirt, dust), and also enhance decorative effect, emphasizing the natural relief of surfaces and adding shine to them.
This not only looks stunningly beautiful, but also extends the life of the treated interior element.
How to paint with glazing paintwork
In general, the process differs little from working with traditional paints.
- Completely clean the surface from dirt particles, remove old paint.
- Sand well.
- Repair chips and cracks if necessary, then sand the restored parts.
- Apply the glazing mixture with any convenient tool.
Glazing paints are applied to any absorbent base - it can be wood, plaster.
For the best effect, it is better to dilute the first layer with water (if work is carried out indoors) or with a solvent (for the street), and then, after complete drying, apply a regular layer of undiluted composition.
Glazing paints are good for wood finishing. They perfectly protect the surface from harmful influences the environment and give it beautiful view, increase the service life. This type of work can be done independently without much experience.
Decorative plaster is considered a topcoat, that is, the one that should be applied last. However, often the surface created by this material is painted, varnished, waxed and glazed. Glazing compounds are needed not only for additional protection, but also so that the decorative effect of the plaster is fully manifested.
Why paint
Wide nap roller well suited for painting porous surfacesMany decorative plasters are tinted in bulk and do not need additional painting. However, an equally large number of solutions cannot manifest themselves if they are not covered with a layer of paint. Sometimes this procedure is an integral process of creating a decorative coating on the wall. Painting decorative plaster is needed to achieve the following goals:
- Protection of the finished coating from external influences. The painted surface resists dirt better and is easier to clean.
- Giving the coating the desired shade, because many materials are sold in white or gray.
- The manifestation of the decorative effect of plaster, which was applied in two layers and created a relief structure. In this case, painting of decorative plaster in two colors is used so that the protruding part of the relief has a color different from the shade of the lower layer. A striking example is the coloring of the "bark beetle" texture.
How to paint: the choice of materials and tools
You can choose both interior and facade paints... The manufacturer of decorative plaster always indicates on the package with the solution which paint works best with it. It can be acrylic, silicate, silicone or water-based paints... It is best to select the finishing material for the type of decoration. If decorative plaster is on silicate base, then it is better to take the same paint.
It is generally recommended to use materials from the same manufacturer. There are times when products different manufacturers does not mix well, which is why the paint peels off within a couple of years after its application.
You also need not to be mistaken with the paint consumption, so as not to go to the store twice. Do-it-yourself painting of decorative plaster is always carried out in two stages. However, paint cans usually indicate the consumption based on the application of one layer. You need to be careful and remember that you need two layers. By the way, if you literally lack 100 ml of paint by footage, you can dilute it with water. It is generally recommended to add 10% of the total paint weight with water. The bank always has instructions on this account.
Sponge paint helps to show and accentuate coatings with different textures When working, the following tools may be required:
- wide brush - for small areas and hard-to-reach places;
- roller - a classic option for large volumes of work;
- special mitten - for Venetian plasters;
- rubber sponge - to reduce contrast;
- wide spatula - a glazing compound for decorative plaster is applied in the thinnest layer.
Finished surface staining technology
Any new coating is allowed when the previous coat is completely dry. The easiest way to carry out the work is if decorative plaster has been made for painting. In this case, the wall is perfectly smooth and we will not spoil the coating. The second layer of paint is applied only after the first is completely dry. This usually takes 4 to 24 hours, depending on the material chosen and the conditions in which you have to work. In high humidity and low temperatures paint can dry for 2 days if applied in thick layers.
All surfaces adjacent to the wall should be protected from paint contamination. For this, masking tape is glued around the perimeter of the working area. When there are exits beyond the edges, the paint will fall on this tape, and it will already be pulled off after the end of the work. As a result, an even and beautiful painting will come out without affecting adjacent areas. It is better to cover the floor with a film to protect it from paint drops.
Masking tape can also be used to create additional patterns Painting decorative plaster with a roller is no different from painting with a roller ordinary plaster... Dilute the paint, pour it into a special tray, dip a roller into it, run it along the corrugated surface of the tray to remove excess paint, and then proceed directly to painting the wall. The rolls are made from top to bottom, and then from bottom to top.
Working only with a roller, we get a uniform paint application. This can easily show up on decorative plaster. If the simplest textures are used, then there is nothing to worry about. But for more refined reliefs, this can be critical. Therefore, some people take a brush, because with it you can make strokes of any length in different directions. Then the surface can get rid of its monotony, although it all depends on the effect created by the decorative plaster. Sometimes it makes sense to apply the first layer of paint with a brush (multidirectional movements), and the second layer with a roller (even vertical movements).
An example of the manifestation of two shades of paint on one coating The tandem of a roller and a brush is used to paint a decorative coating with a "rain" relief. The entire coating is painted with a brush, because it can penetrate all the grooves, making the pattern one-color. After that, the protruding parts are painted with a roller with a small amount of paint with light pressure. The paint just doesn't get deep into the grooves. The result is a two-tone finish.
A mitten and a sponge are used to coat with a fine texture to give it an antiquity effect by enhancing the deep relief. Painting decorative plaster with a trowel is like applying another layer of mortar. This technique is used in very rare cases. Usually a spatula is needed to remove excess paint. For more details, see the video.
Why use wax, and what is it like
Wax is used to protect the decorative coating from moisture. It is also used to add shine and smoothness. Basically, decorative plaster wax is used for surfaces that imitate a natural stone... In this case, such a coating is indispensable, because it emphasizes the decorative effect created.
If when creating the coverage you used acrylic plaster, then for the finishing layer you need to take acrylic wax.
The wax itself can be natural or synthetic.
- Natural wax is used to give the coating a glossy appearance.
- Synthetic wax for a long-lasting matte finish.
Its color is not always transparent, but in any case, with the help of special toners, it can be given the desired shade. For the Venetian, only transparent wax is used. This is the only way he can emphasize all the features of the decorative material, without hiding them under his own color. Colored wax is often used to change the shade of the finished coating. And to enhance the finished effect, wax with shades of silver or gold is used. Such finishing creates a gilded effect and helps simulate a metallic finish.
Transparent wax enhances depth of coverage You should also pay attention to the density. If the coating is dense, then the wax should be thick, but if it is porous, then liquid wax is required. Waxing the decorative plaster is done with a couple of basic tools. The material can be applied with a sponge or trowel. It is convenient to apply thick wax with a rubber spatula, and liquid wax with a sponge. Sometimes these two methods are combined, applying the composition with a spatula, and rubbing the excess with a sponge.
Topcoat manufacturers allow 10% dilution with water. So you can always get a liquid wax from a thick wax. In some cases, they manage to dilute the material with water even by 30%. Such a rash step can only be taken if there is not enough wax for the entire area. It is diluted, increasing in volume, so as not to buy a new one.
You can reduce the consumption of wax by a third if you apply it to the finished decorative coating deep penetration soil. And after it dries, apply wax. However, this method is not suitable for all textures, and the final result is, to put it mildly, not the most beautiful. At best, you will be left without gloss.
Waxing for protection and shine
It doesn't matter if you apply the wax with a spatula, foam sponge or soft cloth. Simply formulations with different thicknesses are applied different instruments... The main thing is that after the wax has been applied to the decorative plaster, it must be rubbed into the surface. You will need a piece of cloth to rub the wax gently into the wall until it shines. Movements should be circular.
The wax is applied with a trowel "on the sdir" with the minimum possible layer Before applying the material, it is better to make sure that the coating is free from flaws, because after this step the defects cannot be corrected. The surface itself should be dust-free, because even small crumbs under the trowel will scratch the surface when wax is applied. By the way, some craftsmen like to apply acrylic wax with a metal trowel. In this case, he has a shine, which cannot be achieved by using foam rubber or a mitten.
The wax should not be applied in layers, but work from corner to corner. Although the wax dries from 3 to 6 hours (during this time you need to notice all the flaws and fix them), the edges dry much faster. Therefore, you should not yawn, although this process is very painstaking.
The wax is polished the next day after application. This procedure can be done with a piece of cloth or grinder with a special attachment. As a result, the finished coating will become more shiny.
Glazing varnish and glaze
Lacquer is used for decorative plaster on water based for the same purposes as wax. These two coatings are very similar, both in purpose and in the method of application. Just for some decorative surfaces it is recommended to use varnish, and for others the best solution there will be wax (you need to see the description of decorative plaster).
After varnishing, the coating becomes durable and more protected from mechanical stress in comparison with wax coating. Also, varnish is recommended to be used in places with high humidity to make the decorative coating last longer. According to this indicator, it is also more reliable than wax.
Classic example of applying glaze Decorative plaster glaze is an expensive material. It is used to give an additional decorative effect. finished coating... If painting of decorative plaster can be carried out various instruments, it is best to use a wide brush without a handle for applying the glaze. With chaotic movements, the glaze is applied to the wall, creating a pearlescent effect thanks to the special fillers in its composition.
For those who have been dealing with wood for a long time and wooden products the expression "glaze composition" is certainly familiar, but for beginners using wood as interior parts or coatings, it is very important to know what it is and how this material is used. After all, it is the glazing compounds that allow the tree to maintain its original appearance and extend its service life.
What you need to know before starting work with the material
Glazing implies the processing of wood with certain compounds that can give wood shine, extend its service life, slightly shade it, and also, if necessary, muffle the texture of the surface to be treated. Popularly, such compositions are called glaze paints, which protect the tree from such adverse influences as:
- If glazing is performed outside the house, then it protects from various atmospheric phenomena
- Protects from harmful UV rays and sudden temperature changes
- Protects against the appearance of mold and mildew
Important! In addition to protective functions, glazing gives the entire finish an attractive and impeccable look.
Since it has already become clear that such compositions can be used not only for internal, but also for external work, then let's consider the properties of such an application:
- Since glazing paints for external and internal work differ in composition, then their properties will be different.
- Outdoor paints are highly resistant to moisture
- Sufficiently resistant to sudden changes in temperature
- Outdoor use also implies frost resistance of the compositions.
Important! Purchase synthetic glazing compounds for outdoor use. These can be polyurethane or alkyd-urethane paints. They do not dissolve in water and have excellent water resistance.
Remember that external formulations should not be used indoors as they are not sustainable. And their use in children's rooms and bedrooms is completely prohibited! But inside the house, glazing can be done using acrylic or oil paints. In addition to being environmentally friendly, they also do not have bad smell... If we talk about the properties of such paints, then:
- Resistant to moisture and also not afraid of ultraviolet radiation
- Dust does not settle on such finishes and dirt accumulates less
- Leaves no smudges
- The shade of the wood does not change over time
- Dries quickly and enhances wood grain
Important! Drying of such glaze paints usually takes 2-4 hours. This is a very high drying rate when it comes to interior work.
Glazing antiseptics
Since working with wood also implies its protection from fungi, mold, harmful bugs and other various formations, it is imperative for it to use antiseptics. The glazing antiseptic perfectly fights microbial pests and even insects.
The composition of such an antiseptic contains alkyd and modified resins, as well as various oils, which allow you to achieve antiseptic properties. Glazing with such an antiseptic is possible only after considering the varieties of this composition. Signs of antiseptic differences:
- Diluted - these are called aqueous and organic compounds, since they are produced with enhanced environmental standards
- The degree of gloss - the group of such glazing compositions includes matte and semi-glossy substances. It is also possible to use satin antiseptics. The properties of the matte material are that it is completely absorbed when applied. Semi-gloss elements are different in that the gloss level is responsible for the hiding power.
In order to use the glazing antiseptic correctly, you need to know some of the tricks and nuances of its use. For example, to make it as effective as possible, apply it immediately after the construction of the house. It is also necessary to apply a thin layer, which, if necessary, is applied several times - this protects the coating from the formation of smudges.
Before purchasing the material, be sure to read for what purposes it is used. Since there are glazing compositions for external and internal work, they have different environmental indicators. And if glazing takes place on the street, then the use of such a composition in the house is strictly prohibited. If glazing mixtures are used for old wood flooring, then before applying the antiseptic, it is necessary to clean the surface from old paint and other elements, as well as remove dirt, dust and greasy stains... The period of validity of glazing paints is on average 5-7 years, but for this it is important to comply with all conditions and technologies for applying to the surface. Do everything Finishing work at temperatures above five degrees Celsius, and the percentage humidity is not more than 80%.
Also, do not forget that such antiseptics become wear-resistant only after 4 weeks. During this time, you should not thoroughly clean the surface of accumulated dust, it will be enough to lightly clean without the use of detergents.
If you decide to find out what glaze is, it means that you are a beginner artist and are interested in different kinds creative activity. Painting technique, as well as drawing or processing decorative materials, there are several. The best way- try all methods of work and choose the one that suits you best, or combine several. This will add variety to your activities and help you develop your own style.
Definition
Glazing is a sequential application of transparent layers of paint with the condition that the previous one must dry. Task this method work - to get complex shades of color by optical mixing of "pure" colors, superimposed on one another. It is important to dry the first layer well before starting to work with the second, so that it does not happen mechanical mixing shades. Otherwise, you may get a dirty ugly color, and not at all the transparency effect of the work that you expected to get. The same goes for the number of layers. They don't do too many of them. Depending on the materials used, no more than five are applied per area. If you overdo it, you can, again, get a dirty color instead of the desired transparent painterly effect of lightness of objects.
Principle of operation
The main thing to remember is that glazing is the application of transparent layers of paint, that is, any pigment must be strongly diluted with water or another suitable composition. Colors for application are usually spectral, that is, not mixed, but those that you already have in a set of paints. For example, to get greenish tints, the background is first covered with yellow in one or several layers, depending on the required color intensity, and then the same way used by blue color... When the yellow and red layers are optically mixed, shades of orange are obtained. It is worth remembering that it is better to apply a lighter layer first, for example, yellow first, and blue on it.
Materials for work
So, you understand what glaze is. The paints that you use for the work should be thinned to a transparent state. As a rule, watercolor is used for these purposes, which is easily brought with water to the desired concentration. Even acrylics are also used. In the latter case, it is better to use a special composition to give transparency. When working with oil paints use a solvent or the like.
As a basis for applying glazes, you can choose paper, primed canvas, fiberboard, wood and other blanks for arts and crafts.
Glazing in painting
When creating pictures, this technique is used as an independent or as an auxiliary one. In the first case, the work is created, as a rule, using chromatic shades, that is, the entire spectrum of possible shades. The second version of the work involves the creation of a monochrome image, which is also called grisaille.
It allows you to concentrate on tonal transitions, creating the shape and volume of objects, without paying attention to color. Often the glaze technique is used to create underpainting in oil painting(distribution of tonal transitions).
Step-by-step execution of a painting in watercolor
If you decide to master the technique of layering a landscape, portrait or still life, pay attention to the complexity of the plot. Choose simple options... To work from nature, make a simple composition of several objects that will not change even after a few weeks of your work. Do not use flowers, fruits or substitute natural artificial ones.
Another option is to copy the finished painting. It's easier if you don't take a complex plot. As a first experiment, you can choose to make a copy such a picture for which there is step by step explanation work in photo or video format.
The general sequence of actions will be as follows:
1. Choose a subject and draw outlines with thin lines on a sheet of paper (preferably a special watercolor one). Make the first transparent background layer. It can be either in one shade or created in a raw way with a smooth transition of tones.
2. Dry the first layer and start filling areas of the picture with other transparent layers, bypassing the necessary details along the outer or inner contour. It is better to make smooth transitions from one color to another in one layer, if these are not the boundaries of the shape, as in the example of the following illustration.
3. Dry the created layer again and use the same technology to perform the third one.
4. At the final stage, the darkest and most saturated areas are created. Remember to keep them transparent anyway.
Wood glazing
Very interesting effects can be achieved with this technique and in decorative and applied creativity. Wood is often used as a basis for making souvenirs, since it is cheap, affordable, and the range of modern blanks is very diverse. To decorate a tree use different materials and methods. As for glazes, they allow you to change the shade of the original object while preserving the texture of the material (fibers, veins, rings, if used.This can be widely used in your art when you just need to change the shade of an object, for example, darken or give a decorative effect of aging the surface. rainbow transitions.
Glazing in decoupage
If you are making souvenirs using the napkin technique, the method of layer-by-layer application of transparent paint will also come in handy. Since a tree is often used as a basis for work, everything said in the previous section can be easily applied here. Although, in addition to obtaining a new shade of the background both on wood and on other material, you can easily create unusual effects for the pasted images themselves, either by pre-toning the background or with a napkin already pasted on. A lot of effects can be obtained by glazing. A master class on writing a watercolor painting is only a small part of the capabilities of the technique. In decoupage, you can create the effect of aging things, give the blank the texture of marble, precious stones and other materials. Also, with the help of glazing, it is easy to change even the mood, the impression made on the image used, to make it more subdued, if necessary.
So, you have learned what glaze is. This is a very interesting and useful technique. It can be used both for creating pictorial paintings in watercolors on paper, and for decorative and applied work in order to obtain unusual effects.
Date: 2012-02-27 15:10:11
Glazing is one of the types of finishes in which the surface of the walls is covered with glossy transparent paint. Such processing allows you to obtain additional decorative effect due to the creation of the effect of textured depth. This technology allows you to finish not only walls and ceilings, but also pieces of furniture. Let's see how to accomplish DIY glazing.
List of tools and materials
Let's first define with the necessary tools... To do this, you will need a wide brush or roller, a paint mixing container, a paint tray, and a soft brush. Among necessary materials the following are present: for the main layer you need a white matt paint, glossy glaze paint, matt varnish and white spirit.
If you have stocked up on everything you need, it is good to try the color combination on a paper sheet before work. If everything suits you, let's move on to glazing.
Getting Started
First you need to apply the base coat. To do this, prepare the wall surface: it must be clean, dry and even. The main layer of paint is applied with a brush or roller. Apply the first coat first, then wait until it dries and apply the second.
Now is the time to prepare the glaze paint. It must be mixed in a container, adding white spirit as needed. In the pallet, you need to pour 5 parts of the base coat paint and 1 part of the paint for glazing. After that, mix the composition. Remember that you should not prepare one portion of paint, but required amount for the entire surface. After all, it is simply impossible to get exactly the same color again.
DIY glazing
Now let's apply the first layer of glaze. To do this, you need to leave small gaps in the main layer, and apply the glaze itself with a wide brush, strokes should be crossed. To soften the strokes, you need to shade the untouched areas with a soft brush. After that, the layer should dry within 24 hours. If you want a rougher texture, you can use a cloth to soften the strokes.
To prepare the paint for the second glaze layer, follow the procedure similar to the first layer. However, the resulting color, depending on your desire, should be lighter or darker. Then the resulting paint must be applied. At this stage of the work, you should leave large quantity intervals when compared with the application of the first coat. This will make the shaded areas more visible. Similar to the first layer, soften the strokes and let it dry.
At the end, the resulting finish must be covered with two layers of clear varnish, waiting for each layer to dry completely.
There is also another technology for creating glaze. It involves applying paint in small strokes. As a result, you can get a more elegant texture. However, this method will be effective for painting small surfaces.
If you are finishing old wooden surfaces, then you can make a rough texture. It will look especially impressive, especially if the room is decorated in a rustic style.
So, do DIY glazing It is not at all difficult, but it is important to correctly perform the sequence of actions, not forgetting about the various subtleties and nuances. And the reward will be an original and effective wall covering.