cultivation hot pepperat home is not so difficult. Hot peppers " Small miracle”was bred in Holland and has long taken root around the world. This plant is compact and characterized by active fruiting, due to which bushes with peppers different colors also have a decorative function.
Application
The fruits of this pepper can be used both in cooking and for medical purposes. Ripe fruits can be infused with alcohol, and this infusion is used for rheumatism, sciatica, back pain.
Growing fruits for winter
There are certain rules for growing hot peppers at home.
Sowing seeds it is better to produce in February. This requires approximately a two-liter clean container, which should be treated with boiling water. Lay drainage in the form of expanded clay at the bottom of the pot, but crushed stone or charcoal will do. On top of the drainage, we fill up the soil, consisting of humus, leafy soil and sand in a ratio of 5: 3: 2. Before planting seeds, the soil must be shed with boiling water and after it has cooled down, sow pre-soaked and already swollen 2-3 pepper grains in small holes of 1-1.5 cm.
Cover the pot with planted grains with polyethylene or glass and place in a warm place. When sprouts appear in 5-7 days, move the pot to a sunny window place. When the first true leaves appear, the peppers can be picked into separate pots, but it is better to remove the extra ones so as not to disturb the roots.
When the plant grows to 20 cm, pinch the crown. This is necessary for better branching of the bush, in which the fruits will form.
Do not forget to water the plant regularly and periodically feed your pet with fertilizers, then you will definitely wait for the harvest on your windowsill.
The way to get fruits by May
Watching the development of domestic pepper, amateurs from the Ivanovo region came to an interesting conclusion that in our northern conditions it is possible to change the timing of pepper ripening on the windowsill. They use spring days filled with bright sunshine for flowering and fruit ripening.
Peppers are sown in the fall in bowls on the windowsill. Not very comfortable conditions are created for the pepper, so that it does not have time to pick flowers in the period before the New Year, so that it does not exhaust its strength for growth on the darkest “deaf” days. So save the plant from stretching the shoots. At the moment when the days begin to arrive, the pepper is transferred to a bright window (east or south). The plant soon blooms and produces an average of 10 beautiful pods. Yes, the fruits are such heroes, which never happened before autumn.
And immediately after the crop is harvested, the plant throws out a couple more vigorous shoots and blooms again. By the second half of September, another crop ripens, while out of 20 pods, only three were small. Thus, about 30 pods are harvested per season from one bush, almost 5 times higher than the average yield!
The main secret of a high yield is that by the time of the very first flowering (in early February), pepper autumn term sowing has time to develop good powerful roots. Starting from March and ending with the beginning of October, that is, during the period of abundant sun, pepper actively sets fruits and uses its strength to pour them.
A fertile plant can not be thrown away in the fall, let it go before winter. In winter, at the beginning of January, it must be transplanted into a new substrate, cut off the old shoots in half, then transfer the pot to a bright window (east or south). Such care can bring up to three crops per season.
On a note
When planting peppers, it is still better not to swoop down on them, as they react painfully to transplantation. And they are good at shipping. When the shoots disperse, just pinch off the extra weak shoots. Another important point - do not miss the time when the roots begin to crowd in the pot and grow out.
Definitely the best for seedlings. peat pots. For normal growth, peppers are transferred to spacious containers and pots 30-50 cm high. Be sure to put drainage at the bottom of the landing tanks (expanded clay layer, broken brick).
Sometimes, props are placed to support the ripening fruits, the bushes are sprayed with warm, settled water from the spider mite.
To get a good harvest, peppers are recommended to be grown in two trunks, constantly forming them with a pinch. A strong shoot is left on each stem, and the weak ones are pinched over the first leaf. Although peppers are self-pollinating like tomatoes, it is better to shake the plants periodically so that pollination is more effective.
Pepper is the same perennial as cherry tomatoes, the bush can please you with a harvest for five whole years. In the same way, you can grow on the windowsill and sweet bell pepper.
Imagine what a pleasure it is to watch a ripe pod pour before your eyes when the weather is “non-flying” outside the window.
If your plant is over 5 years old, you can make a wonderful home decoration out of it - BONSAI.
pots
You can use just about any small pot you like, but most traditional potted bonsai look very, very cool!
The soil
In principle, you can use whatever you will be using to grow chili, but I prefer soft peat based soil.
The bonsai plant should be very limited in root space, you should use very fertile soil.
Digression: The author also uses Akadama, a special type of soil.
Akadama is a natural, granular clay.
Akadama is good material to retain moisture in the soil when growing bonsai.
They are actually lumps of hard clay.
Some brands of fillers for cat litter do a great job and are a much cheaper substitute for akadam.
When growing Bonsai, growers often replace the soil entirely with akadam, or mix it with normal soil.
Akadama.
I just put some akadam in the bottom of the bonsai chili pot and spread the soil over the top.
Making Bonsai Chili: 
We cut the stem of an adult plant - we form a bonsai.
If possible, cut just above the canopy to ensure the bonsai will continue to grow. For example, here in the photo - there were no leaves below the cut point, so this is a very risky process.
Or, you can prune the plant a little less and continue pruning when the plant has enough foliage. 
Then cut off the extra roots around the plant...
dig up a plant with cut roots... 
Digging up the bonsai...
cut off excess protruding roots.
an approximate result of pruning and shaping the future bonsai plant.
One year later.
Fallen leaves, rain, chilly wind, mud underfoot - all this does not bring us much joy, like a lot of snowdrifts and cold in the long winter months. But it is always easy to bring a riot of colors into your life by planting hot peppers on the windowsill.
Its pods can be almost every color of the rainbow on the same tree: sunny yellow, scarlet, snow white, purple. There are no flowers to be found here.
How to properly grow hot peppers at home and create excellent conditions for it to grow? Let's find out.
Hot pepper in cooking, medicine and cosmetology
The height of the plant is not more than half a meter, but one tree can have up to fifty pods. It is a perennial that grows freely in a pot for up to five years. In addition, hot pepper perfectly purifies the air, it is not afraid of numerous pests that are so dangerous for many plants.
If you plant pepper seeds at a special allotted time, then it will begin to bear fruit during the Christmas holidays. It is from there that his second name, given to him by the Europeans - Christmas.
Pepper is an excellent medicine, and tinctures and compresses prepared on its basis good remedy with diseases of the joints, colds, myositis and other diseases.
This plant is also used in cooking, for example, to add spice to pickles or as a seasoning for meat or fish.
Pepper is no less useful for self-care, because on its basis you can make wraps against cellulite, which is disgusting to us.
Most the best varieties for landing in an apartment or on a loggia - Sweeties, Firework, Queen of Spades and other types.
These are the fruits of domestic selection, they are no worse in terms of characteristics than their foreign counterparts. On the contrary, adapted to our conditions and soils, such plants grow much better and in open ground and on our windowsill or loggia.
Conditions for growing hot peppers on the windowsill
Light for house pepper
Growing hot peppers on the windowsill can only be with abundant lighting. At the same time, it is best to grow varieties with small leaves, the process of photosynthesis takes place in them better.
It is recommended to plant pepper on a southwestern or eastern window so that the seedlings receive an abundance of sunlight. If in winter period plants do not have enough light, then it is necessary to illuminate them with phytolamps or combine fluorescent light sources and incandescent lamps.
Pepper in winter time should be illuminated up to 16-18 hours a day, and the nearest light source should be raised 25-30 cm from the crown.
Pepper leaves that have received enough light is always dark green emerald green. And if the plant does not have enough sunlight, then the leaves fade, and the plant even sheds foliage.
Comfortable temperature conditions for hot pepper
The optimum temperature for a plant in summer is a range of 22 to 25 degrees Celsius, and in winter it is a threshold of 16 to 18 degrees.
Do not place containers close to the battery so that they do not overheat.
If it is not possible to find a more suitable place for the pot, then the radiators should be covered.
He loves pepper and an abundance of moist air, so if the room has dry air, then the foliage must be sprayed.
Soil for planting
The best soil for peppers is a homemade mixture. The components of such a mixture are peat, sand and humus. If desired, peat is excluded, and only sand and turf are used.
As an option, you can buy soil suitable for peppers at any specialized store, purchasing soil designed for tomatoes, eggplants and peppers.
How to grow seedlings of pepper?
The best time to plant a seed is the second half of February. The capacity for seedlings can be any, but it is most convenient to plant seeds in a box or a small flower pot.
We prepare the seeds, stimulating their germination. To do this, put the seeds for seedlings in a thermos with warm water 40 degrees for 3 hours. Or you can just put them on a damp cloth for a day.
The soil is disinfected with boiling water, and a drainage layer is laid out on the bottom of the pepper container. It can be expanded clay, pebbles, shards from ceramic dishes or charcoal. From above we pour the earth, spill it with boiling water, make shallow holes in it with a depth of 10-15 mm and sow the seeds.
After a week, the first shoots appear, a novice plant lover should pay attention to the fact that the plant does not stretch.
Dive seedlings after the appearance of 3-4 leaves. As a rule, the most powerful sprout is selected from the seedlings, which is transplanted to a permanent place.
Plant formation and care
For transplanting pepper, you should select low wide pots, preferably ceramic. In such a container, the pepper will not overheat or freeze, and its root system will grow at the optimum temperature.
The first watering should be done after transplanting with warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate to disinfect the soil.
In order for the root system to be strong, you should pinch off the root by a third when planting seedlings in separate containers.
It is worth remembering that during flowering the plant must be shaken for pollination, it cannot pollinate itself on its own.
And it should be transplanted once a year, in spring time so that the root system and the pepper itself are not crowded.
You should be careful in the summer, when all the windows are wide open, because the plant is afraid of drafts and wind.
The ideal option would be to move the plant pot to a quiet place where it will not blow.
Hot pepper fertilizer
Fertilize the plant every 14 days after sowing, using complex top dressing for this. When planting in an individual pot, the soil is mixed with vermiculite in a ratio of 2 or 3 to 1.
Well suited for plants and watering with a solution of water with ash. Such top dressing is prepared as follows: we take 3 liters of water and mix with 4 teaspoons of ash.
Do not rush to feed green pets with nitrogen fertilizers. Otherwise, they will go into the "green mass", but will not produce a crop.
When the plants bloom, it will be useful to feed them with a solution succinic acid and potash fertilizers, and as soon as small pods begin to tie, the plant needs a fertilizer with a phosphorus content.
Watering is carried out with warm water as the soil dries out, on average 2 times a week. Do not let the plant dry out, it may die or shed its foliage.
Pepper begins to bear fruit in late May or early June, fruiting continues throughout autumn. Peppers are prepared for winter in this way: the temperature in the room is lowered to 18 degrees, while not reducing the amount of light. In the winter months, plants can not be fed, watering is also reduced, but without drying out. If the air in the room is very dry, spray from time to time.
In early February, the container from the plant is again brought into a warm place and the stem is cut almost to the base, leaving only 5 cm. proper care behind the plant, it will please you for a long time and give many pods. Life cycle plants average 5 years, during all this time this beautiful plant will delight you.
Today we will discuss the following topic - hot pepper: when to plant and how to care for?
Variety selection for home and greenhouse
This - perennial with a compact bush, decorative foliage and bright fruits. Peppers can be or greenhouse. Some varieties are suitable for open ground.
Breeders have bred many varieties that differ in taste nuances and fruit size, yield,. At home, varieties and hybrids of Dutch, Polish or Russian selection are more often grown.
Varieties of hot peppers for growing at home:
Small miracle- a variety of Dutch selection, suitable for home cultivation. Fruits abundantly, fruits are small, orange, red or yellow. The taste is tangy yet delicate, perfect for sauces.
red fat man- a variety of Russian selection. A fairly tall bush is abundantly covered with large cone-shaped fruits suitable for canning. It can be grown both in the greenhouse and in the open field.
Astrakhan- Russian variety, different high yield. Compact bushes produce many small elongated bright red fruits with an unusually sharp taste. Used to make tinctures and sauces.
Ukrainian spicy- a small bush that grows well in a greenhouse or pot. The fruits are very long and thin, with a spicy burning taste.
flame- medium-sized productive variety. The fruits are bright red, elongated, very juicy. Widely used in cooking. Greenhouse cultivation preferred.
jalapeno- popular in Latin American cooking, hot peppers have red or green small fruits. The taste is moderately spicy, recognizable. The fruits are well stored, the variety is quite productive.
After choosing a variety, we will describe how to grow hot peppers from seeds at home?
seedling preparation
Transplantation is carried out when the soil warms up enough, usually this happens in late spring. In a continuous cycle greenhouse heated all year round, the plant is planted at any convenient time.
How to distinguish seedlings of bitter pepper from sweet? Some gardeners prefer not to grow seedlings on their own, but to buy them in the market or in nurseries. In order not to confuse seedlings of hot peppers with sweet seedlings, you need to carefully consider the plants. The bitter stems are noticeably thinner, and the leaves are narrower.
The older the seedlings, the more noticeable the difference becomes. You can lightly bite the leaf of the plant. The greens of hot peppers have a brighter, slightly burning taste.
Experienced breeders do not recommend placing sharp and Bell pepper . Cross-pollination is possible and both species will lose their taste qualities. When planting plants in a greenhouse, place them as far apart as possible, but rather separate them with partitions.
Growing seedlings of bitter pepper at home
Let's describe in detail how to grow seedlings of bitter pepper at home?
The grown seedlings of indoor hot peppers are moved to spacious ceramic or plastic pots. The ideal height is 40-50 cm. Drainage is laid at the bottom of the containers, the plants are moved to a new location in a way.
Important do not disturb the tender roots, this can delay the further development of the bush and reduce the future yield.
Hot pepper prefers good lighting, warmth and moderate. The pot must be placed on the loggia, glazed balcony or windowsill.
At least 12 hours of daylight is desirable, so in winter and autumn you will have to organize.
In partial shade, the stems are stretched, the ovaries are poorly formed and may fall off. For better insolation, you can regularly remove excess side shoots.
Water the plant with soft water room temperature 2 times per week. It is preferable to water through the pan, but before fertilizing it is necessary to moisten the earthen lump from above. Peppers are useful Fresh air, the rooms where the pots are placed should be ventilated frequently, and the soil in the pots should be loosened regularly.
Hot pepper loves nutritious soil. During the period of active growth, an aqueous solution is introduced into the pots every 2 weeks.. Superphosphate, potassium sulfate and ash are preferred, universal complexes (Kemira and others) also work well.
For successful fruiting, it is necessary to maintain a stable temperature. The ideal mode is 22 degrees during the day and not lower than 17 at night. Pepper does not tolerate even short-term frosts; the exhausting summer heat is also fatal for it. During a period of special active sun bushes are recommended to shade.
Timely pinching will help increase productivity. 1-2 of the strongest shoots are left on the bush, the rest are removed. The formed bush looks neater, the plant does not waste energy on gaining green mass, focusing on the ovaries. For greater stability, a fragile stem can be tied to a support.
Regular spraying of the bush with an aqueous solution of succinic acid will help to increase the number of ovaries.
Peppers are self-pollinating crops, but many gardeners prefer to stimulate pollination by regularly shaking the pot or running a cotton swab over the florets.
In the dry and warm air of apartments, plants can be affected. For the prevention of plants and the air around them, you need to regularly spray with warm water. Having found cobwebs, the affected plants are treated with an aqueous solution of an insecticide. It is better to take the affected bush to a separate room. Processing is carried out until the pests are completely removed.
V cold period year, I want to create a special comfort in the house, and plants grown on the windowsill at home are ideal for this. Room pepper is no exception, it will not only add originality to the interior, but will also enable lovers of spicy food to spice up their dishes.
Features of growing on the windowsill
Important! With proper care and regular feeding, indoor pepper is able to fully grow and produce a stable crop for 5 years.
Growing peppers on a windowsill is not only a fun activity, but also useful. Eating pepper in food, even in a minimal amount, you can normalize the metabolism in the body, lower cholesterol and blood sugar levels.
For successful cultivation pepper on the windowsill must be created optimal conditions for its growth and development, because this culture is a little capricious. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself in advance with the characteristics and preferences of the plant, as well as with the rules for planting and further care.
To grow peppers at home, you need to consider the following factors:
- seeds of a suitable variety from a trusted manufacturer or freshly cut cuttings;
- selection of the optimal place for plant growth;
- selection of planting containers and a suitable substrate;
- features of lighting and top dressing;
- knowledge of diseases and pests of pepper.
Important! With all the rules of care from one plant, you can get one hundred or more fruits at the same time.
Choosing a variety for planting
Before planting pepper, you need to decide on its variety. Picking up a few different types plants, you can create a multi-colored garden on the windowsill, which will delight with its bright fruits.
The following varieties of ornamental peppers are ideal for growing on a windowsill in an apartment:
- Twinkle. This variety has long been popular due to its compact bush, which reaches a height of 40 cm. It was bred by crossing chili and cayenne pepper. It forms fruits up to 5 cm, which at the base have a diameter of 1-1.2 cm. As they grow, they change their color: green, yellow, red. The fruits ripen within 120 days.
- Aladdin. An ultra-early compact variety, the height of the bush reaches 35-40 cm at home. It forms cone-shaped multi-colored fruits, the length of which does not exceed 3 cm. In the process of growth, the shade of the fruit changes: green, purple, red. Fruit ripening occurs within 105 days.
- Garda Firevox. One of the new indoor varieties. Forms compact bushes 30 cm high. The length of the pods is 5 cm. The peculiarity of the pepper is that the fruits stick out with their tips up. As they ripen, they change their color, so the plant can simultaneously have fruits of green, lilac, orange and red. The ripening of the pods occurs within 115 days.
- Ember Explosion. The unusual variety is that the foliage of the plant has a dark purple color. It forms cone-shaped small fruits 2.5 cm long. As they grow, the shade of the fruit also changes: purple, pink, scarlet. The bush is formed compact, 30 cm high. The variety is considered early ripening, fruit ripening occurs after 115 days.
Depending on individual preferences, you can choose one or more varieties at the same time.
As a rule, the most popular variety for growing on the windowsill is pepper Spark.
Important! You can not use seeds from a store-bought pod to grow pepper on a windowsill, as it is an industrial variety and it needs completely different conditions.
Features and landing conditions at home - step by step instructions
To grow Pepper Spark on the windowsill, you need to prepare for the procedure by studying the preferences and features of growing this crop in room conditions. Only by observing all the stages of the landing, you can finally achieve the desired result.
Choosing the right place and creating optimal conditions
Hot pepper is very picky about light and heat, for its full growth and development it is necessary to choose south or east window sill. During the period of active sun in spring, the plant needs light shading. In summer, the plant should be taken out to the balcony or loggia, but drafts must be excluded.
For full growth and development, the plant needs 12 hours of daylight. In the period of short days from the beginning of October to the end of January, hot peppers especially need additional lighting with phytolamps in the evening and on cloudy days.
Important! The lack of light is manifested by a light shade of foliage, which can eventually lead to leaf fall, in which case the duration of additional lighting must be increased.
For normal plant growth in winter air temperature should not exceed 18 degrees C, and starting from spring, the optimum temperature is 20-22 degrees C.
Hot pepper is very picky about soil moisture and does not tolerate watering with cold water. It is necessary to water the plant moderately, with water at room temperature, as the top layer in the pot dries out, but allowing it to absorb moisture from the pan. If water remains in the pan 1 hour after watering, then it must be completely poured out.
In conditions of low air humidity it is necessary to carry out additional spraying of the foliage with a spray gun.
Important! Pepper does not tolerate cold gusts of wind, therefore, when ventilating the room, it must be kept away from the open window.
planting container
Indoor pepper forms a compact root system, which is located closer to the surface of the soil. For planting a plant, it is recommended to select wide and shallow containers. The height of the planting pot should be within 10 cm.
The prerequisite is drainage holes in the bottom of the pot which helps to remove excess moisture. Before planting on the bottom, it is necessary to fill the drainage with a layer of 2 cm, which will prevent stagnation of water in the pot.
Suitable substrate
For planting hot pepper seeds, you can purchase seedling substrate in a specialized store. But you can prepare a nutrient mixture for planting yourself. This will require the following components:
- 2 parts of leaf land;
- 1 part peat;
- 1 part river sand;
- 1 part coconut fiber;
- 1 part perlite or vermiculite
Immediately before planting hot pepper seeds, it is necessary to disinfect the soil by spilling it with previkur fungicide, which will prevent the development of fungal diseases.
Pre-sowing preparation of seeds
For a friendly appearance of seed germination and disease resistance of young plants, it is recommended to carry out pre-sowing treatment planting material. To do this, you can use the following drugs:
- Appin- dilute 3 drops of the product in 100 ml of water, soak the seeds for 2-4 hours before planting;
- succinic acid- make a working solution at the rate of 1.5 g of the product per 1.5 l of water, soak the seeds for 12-24 hours;
- Zircon- for the solution, add 3 drops of the product to 100 ml of water, soak the seeds for 2-4 hours before planting.
After the processing it is necessary to dry the planting material to a loose state.
For germination, place in a dark warm place (25 degrees) for several days, periodically opening, moisturizing and examining for the presence of sprouts. As soon as most of the seeds hatch, they must be planted in prepared soil.
Important! It is impossible to allow the seeds to dry out during the germination period, otherwise they will die.
In some cases, to save all view properties it is recommended to carry out cuttings of pepper. Cuttings must be cut from green young shoots without fruits, 7-8 cm long and each of them should have 3-4 leaves.
Before planting them in the ground, it is necessary to soak in advance in a solution of zircon (3 drops per 100 ml of water) for 12-24 hours or powder the lower cut with root root powder.
Landing step by step instructions
To grow pepper on the windowsill, you must initially plant it correctly. Only if all necessary conditions procedures can achieve the desired result in the end.
Step 1. Spill the landing containers with a strong solution of potassium permanganate.
Step 2 Fill the pots with the necessary substrate and level the surface.
Step 3 Moisten the soil with plenty of water and allow it to completely soak.
Step 4 Place the seeds on the surface and sprinkle with a layer of substrate 0.5 cm.
Step 5 Moisturize upper layer from a spray bottle.
Step 6 Cover containers with glass or cling film to preserve high humidity air inside the landing container.
Step 7 Place the containers in a dark, warm place (25 degrees) until sprouts appear.
When planting cuttings pepper, the procedure takes place in the same order, only they need to be planted to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. And after planting and covering with a film, the pot is placed on the window, shading it from direct sunlight.
Video: how to grow pepper on a windowsill from cuttings
Features of further care
After the appearance of pepper sprouts, the seed container must be rearranged on the windowsill and the temperature lowered to 18-20 degrees. In order to exclude warm air from heating appliances, they must be covered with a layer of foam.
10-14 days after the appearance of sprouts, it is necessary to adapt seedlings to the external environment. To do this, on the first day it is recommended to open the container for 30 minutes, with each subsequent day increasing this period by 30-40 minutes. After a week, the glass or film must be removed completely.
Pepper cuttings take root within 2-3 weeks. When young leaves appear on them, it is necessary to begin the adaptation of plants to the environment. It is carried out in the same way as for seedlings obtained from seeds.
When 2-3 true sheets appear it is necessary to plant the pepper in separate containers. During transplantation, it is not recommended to pinch the main root, as the plant painfully tolerates this procedure and significantly slows down growth. The first planting should be carried out in pots with a diameter of no more than 9-10 cm.
Video: how to plant indoor pepper
Further transplanting young seedlings is necessary as they grow. As soon as the roots begin to crowd in the pot, it is recommended to transfer the plant, increasing the diameter of the pot by 2-3 cm. The container for an adult plant should be 30 cm high and 20-25 cm in diameter.
Pepper Spark needs a 12-hour light day, so phytolamps are placed at a height of 50-60 cm from the seedlings.
Watering carried out regularly as it dries, the higher the air temperature, the more often the soil is moistened.
For the full growth of hot pepper on the windowsill, it is necessary carry out regular feeding. During the active growing season, preference should be given to mineral fertilizers with a high nitrogen content or organic fertilizers, and when forming buds and fruits, fertilizers with large quantity potassium. Feed the plant should be 1 time in 2 weeks.
Important! During the flowering period, it is recommended to shake the pot of pepper occasionally, which will improve the self-pollination of flowers.
Major diseases and pests
Pepper, including indoor pepper, is susceptible to fungal diseases and various pests. Therefore, it is necessary to know in advance what problems may arise and how to deal with them.
- Aphid. This pest loves to feast on young shoots of pepper, so it is on them that a large accumulation of pests is formed. To combat them, it is necessary to treat the plant with Fitoverm.
- Spider mite. It is characterized by stunting of the plant and curly young leaves, on which a small cobweb appears later. To combat the pest, it is necessary to spray with Actellik, but after a week the procedure should be repeated.
- Whitefly. The accumulation of pests is observed on the reverse side of the leaves, if you touch the shoots, then white flies fly up above the plant. To eliminate the problem, it is recommended to carry out a complex treatment, which consists of spraying Actellik and watering Actara insecticide, which is carried out in one day. After 7 days, the procedure should be repeated.
- Rotting stem at the base. Appears as a result of the overflow of the plant, which leads to its death. The plant cannot be saved.
- Gray rot. The formation of wet spots with a gray coating on any part of the plant. For treatment, it is recommended to use the biopreparation phytosporin.
- Blackleg. Affects seedlings of pepper during germination. The stem at the base of the seedlings becomes thin and blackens. To prevent the disease, it is recommended to shed the soil and spray the sprouts with the fungicide previkur.
Video: how to care for and treat indoor peppers for diseases at home
Important! After the treatment with drugs, it is necessary to adhere to the waiting period indicated on the packaging of each product; it is not allowed to use pepper during this period for cooking.
Timing of emergence and first harvest
Hot pepper seeds germinate for a long time, so this feature must be taken into account when planting. Shoots appear within 14-21 days, subject to all planting recommendations.
The first crop of pepper on the windowsill ripens in 105-120 days from the moment the sprouts appear, depending on the variety chosen.
If you follow all the recommendations, growing hot peppers on the windowsill will not be too difficult. But it must be understood that further care for a plant must meet all its requirements, since pepper will grow and bear fruit only taking into account all the necessary conditions.
Hot pepper on the windowsill is not only a necessary spice that is always at hand, but also an excellent decorative ornament at home, easy to grow. A pot of bright beautiful plant will serve as an exquisite decor for any home, and the piquant taste of such a hot spice will make this pepper indispensable in the kitchen of every hostess.
It is possible to grow at home both sweet bell pepper and hot hot, Drakosha varieties or another. How to plant seeds for seedlings and the conditions for planting in an apartment will be described further.
Plant characteristic
For growing on the windowsill, breeders specially bred several varietal varieties of hot peppers. Such indoor pepper is also divided into a fruit variety and decorative (without fruits).
The fruit variety of indoor hot pepper is a perennial that reaches a height no more than 40 cm. The plant has bright green leaves and multi-colored fruits of a rich color: scarlet, sunny or orange.
Growing indoor pepper is not difficult and does not require special knowledge and wisdom. Very unpretentious and undemanding in care.
The window sill is ideal for growing light-loving peppers
Flowering begins in June. During this period, delicate white flowers with a slightly yellowish tint appear on the stems.
How to grow at home on the windowsill
In order to get a plant with beautiful fruits on the windowsill, it is necessary to sow seeds for seedlings. Do it late February - early March.
To speed up the process of seed germination, they can be pre-heat-treated. To do this, the seeds are poured with warm water (not higher than 40 degrees) and clogged in a thermos for 3 hours.
Soil and pot preparation
The soil for seeds must be nutritious. You can prepare it yourself. To do this, mix 5 parts of humus, 2 parts of soddy land and peat, and 1 part of sand. At the bottom of the container, be sure must have drainage. Small expanded clay or pebbles are suitable for this.
Peppers need nutritious soil
The soil must be further disinfected: treated with boiling water, or a solution of potassium permanganate and loosened well. Seeds are sown to a depth of 1 cm.
Growing seedlings from seeds
The containers are covered with glass or film and left in a warm place where the temperature should not be below 20-25 degrees.
As a container, you can use an ordinary pot or box, it all depends on how many seeds are sown.
The first shoots are already appearing after 7 - 10 days. The room should have enough sunlight.
When the first shoots appear, the plants dive into separate pots. When several true leaves appear on the seedlings, they dive again, while choosing the strongest and strongest shoots.
Pepper seedlings must be dived after the first shoots appear.
The plant needs a sufficient amount of moisture, heat and light, at any stage of cultivation.
During the growth of seedlings, it is necessary to ensure that the seedlings do not stretch too much. To do this, they need to provide a certain temperature environment.
When the first leaves appear, then within 7 days it is necessary to reduce the temperature to 20 degrees. And when three real leaves appear, be sure to reproduce the pick in a spacious pot. Seedlings are planted in a permanent place after 2 month term after planting seeds.
Caring for indoor hot peppers
To grow hot peppers on the windowsill, you need to provide it with light and heat.
Fertilizer
He loves such a pepper of various kinds of top dressing. The most optimal fertilizer is 2 tablespoons of ash mixed with 3 liters of water. The mixture should be well infused. It is necessary to fertilize every two weeks.
Suitable for feeding peppers wood ash, diluted in water
You can use nitrogen fertilizers, but much less frequently. With such fertilizers, it is important not to overdo it, otherwise you can be left without a crop.
Watering
The soil must be regularly loosened and watered. two times a week warm settled or purified water. It is necessary to ensure that the soil in the pot does not dry out, but is not constantly wet. Both will contribute to various diseases of the plant.
In winter, you can not use fertilizers and water the plant much less often. If the air in the room is dry, you can moisten the leaves a little by spraying them with water from a spray bottle.
In the warm season, the pots are taken out to the balcony, or to the street.
Fruiting
Subject to the recommendations, the pepper will bloom in early May
Temperature regime
Until about February, the plant can be kept indoors at a cooler temperature, but not lower than 18 degrees.
But before the start of the growing season (usually it starts in February), the pot must be moved to a warmer room and pruned. To do this, cut the stems so that they are no higher than 5 cm.
If you correctly follow all the recommendations for growing and caring for a plant: starting from the harvesting of seeds itself and ending with timely pruning, then such a pepper will retain its decorative effect and will actively bear fruit. up to 5 years.
Diseases and pests
This variety of indoor plants can be subject to such diseases: blackening of the legs or spotting of the leaves. This happens when watering is too abundant, in which stagnation of water forms in the pot.
Powdery mildew on indoor pepper
The main pests of such pepper include aphids, spider mite and powdery mildew. An aphid or a tick can appear with the help of wind through an open window.
To combat the tick, you can use the plant itself. To do this, it is necessary to grind the pepper seeds together with the internal veins and fill them with water for a day. Then you need to add a little grated laundry soap and spray the plant. To completely get rid of pests, it is enough to carry out three spraying procedures.
To prevent the appearance of a tick, you need to provide the plant with sufficient moisture or place a container of water near the pepper pot.
At proper cultivation and leaving the plant for as long as 5 years will delight the eye with excellent decorativeness, and its fruits will become a piquant spice in the kitchen.
Hot pepper has not only unique taste, but also decorative qualities. That is why it is so loved to grow both on plots, and how indoor plant on the windowsills. For these purposes, several varieties of pepper with small fruits were specially bred.
Growing at home
The plant grows up to 40 cm, is a perennial, there are purely decorative varieties, there are fruit varieties. Depending on the variety, the fruit may be different size, shapes and colors: yellow, red, orange.
The flowering period falls in June, flowering begins with white flowers with a yellow tint. Peppers require a lot of sunlight.
Seeds of bitter pepper are planted in early March. Seeds can be germinated only in a warm room. When the first shoots appear, they dive into separate pots, the procedure is carried out again after the appearance of true leaves.
The conditions for planting and growing sweet and bitter peppers are similar. A highly nutritious soil is selected. For self-preparation of soil mixtures take:
- 5 parts of humus;
- 2 parts of peat and sod land;
- 1 part sand.
Good to know: when transplanting pepper to a permanent place, the main root of the pepper is pinched. root system should fit in a box measuring 15*15 cm.
Hot peppers love a lot of moisture and heat. A pot of pepper is placed on a container with liquid gravel. Also, the plant loves fertilizer, top dressing is applied 1-2 times a week.
If you overdo it with watering and stagnation of water forms, then there is a risk of getting a black leg or spotted leaves. The main domestic pests of bitter pepper:
- powdery mildew;
- spider mite.
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chili pepper
An annual plant is not transplanted again, after harvesting the plant can be destroyed. Sometimes cutting the shoots helps to extend the life of the pepper by 2-3 years.
Soil preparation
Reproduction of bitter pepper is carried out by seeds. So that they rise faster - they are soaked.
Sowing is carried out from February to early March. The earth should be loose and light.
If soil for home flowers containing peat is used, then its acidity must be reduced by adding wood ash. You can immediately sow the seeds in a permanent place without growing seedlings.
In this case, a pot up to 3 liters in size is taken, disinfected with boiling water. A drainage layer is laid out at the bottom, then filled with earth. As a drainage is best suited:
- broken brick;
- crushed stone;
- expanded clay.
The soil is also disinfected with boiling water or a solution of potassium permanganate. The seeds deepen by 1 cm. The top of the pot is covered with glass or a plastic bag. The ambient temperature must be between 20 and 25 °C.
Sowing seeds for seedlings
You can grow hot peppers at home from seedlings. When to plant seeds?
The best period is mid-February, when daylight hours increase. Red pepper is very demanding and loves lighting. The container is taken depending on the number of seeds, it can be a small pot or a box.
In order for the seeds to germinate faster, you can stimulate their growth as follows. Treat the planting material thermally, put the seeds in water at a temperature of 40 degrees and close in a thermos for 3 hours.
The second way: soak in warm water for 12-24 hours. Oxygen is supplied to a vessel with water.
Note: You need to make sure that the sprout does not stretch. In the first week after the appearance of the leaves, the air temperature drops to 20 ° C, and the lighting is increased. When more than 3 leaves appear, the seedlings can dive. Used a spacious pot.
The first sprouts from seeds will appear in 7-10 days. The pot should get as much sunlight as possible, the room should be warm. For further cultivation the strongest sprout is selected, the rest are removed (without damaging the roots).
Home care
Growing hot peppers on a windowsill is easy. Seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place in a pot after about 2 months.
The main conditions that must be maintained for pepper are light and heat. When warm weather sets in, the pot can be taken out into the garden or onto the balcony.
Complex fertilizers are applied every two weeks. Favorite hot pepper fertilizer is prepared from the following components:
- 3 liters of water;
- 2 tbsp ash.
Gardener's advice: drying out of the soil is painful for pepper, therefore, in no case should one forget about watering. The soil is moistened 2 times a week with warm water.
This is a foliar top dressing, it must be well infused before use. You can not overdo it with nitrogen fertilizers, otherwise there is a risk of not getting a crop. In favorable conditions, flowering begins in May-June and fruiting continues until the end of autumn.
Until frost sets in, the pot must be returned to the house, to a bright but cool place (up to 18 ° C). You can refuse top dressing in winter, watering the pepper is minimal, the main thing is not to bring the earthen coma to dryness. In a room with dry air - the leaves can sometimes be moistened.
In February, before the start of the growing season, the pot is transferred to a warm place, cut off (stems no longer than 5 cm remain). If all the procedures are carried out correctly, from harvesting seeds to cutting the bush before the new season, the plant will remain decorative and actively bear fruit for up to 5 years.
See the following video for how to grow hot peppers on a windowsill:
ratings, average:
not many horticultural crops can be grown on the windowsill with such a high degree of decorativeness, like small-fruited peppers. It is not only original as a decor, but also useful in the household. Since pepper belongs to perennial crops, planting it once, you can enjoy it for several years in a row. It is not difficult to grow pepper on the windowsill, the main thing is to choose the right planting material, properly prepare the substrate and regularly care for the plantings.
Hot pepper on the windowsill
Small-fruited hot peppers are especially loved by housewives. It is a compact bush with fruits of the highest decorative value. Even your favorite greenery on the windowsill is inferior to this vegetable crop. For planting choose seeds of hybrids that self-pollinate. Stock up on nutritious soil based on biohumus and a special lamp for highlighting in the autumn-winter period. Everything else will depend only on proper care.
how to grow hot peppers on the windowsill in the apartment. Photo
disembarkation
Before sowing the seeds of bitter pepper, they must be kept in solution. potassium permanganate 2 hours. This procedure is not carried out if the seeds are processed by the manufacturer. Among the processed seeds, you need to choose those that have sunk to the bottom of the tank during this time. The rest have dubious germination, so you should not waste time on them.
pepper on the windowsill growing from seeds. Photo
- 1 part coconut substrate;
- 1 piece of land;
- handfuls of vermiculite;
- 1 part biohumus
The more nutritious and lighter the earth in a pot, the better the bush will grow, bloom and bear fruit and grow old later. All the ingredients of the substrate are poured into a basin, thoroughly mixed and filled with a mixture of small containers. These can be special trays for seedlings or regular yogurt cups. The earth is poured into them, not reaching the top by 2 cm.
Substrate good shed warm water and put 2-3 peppercorns on top. Sprinkle with a layer of earth no more than 1 cm. From above, the cups are covered with glass or polyethylene with holes made in them for air exchange. Containers with seeds are placed in a dark, warm place, for example, near a battery and occasionally watered.
growing hot peppers on the windowsill. step by step photos
Shoots will appear in about 10-14 days. They are immediately put on windowsill to prevent excessive stretching without lack of light. If seedlings appeared in late autumn or at the height of winter, they must be additionally illuminated with the help of special lamps. It is enough to highlight for 2 hours in the morning and in the evening. To avoid the appearance of a black leg, seedlings are watered as needed, avoiding waterlogging.
How to grow hot peppers on a windowsill. Photo
How to grow hot peppers on the windowsill and wait for abundant fruits? To do this, the strongest seedlings are selected from the total number and transplanted into permanent pots with a capacity of 2-3 liters. The earth is not poured to the top, it will be filled up as the bush grows.
Pepper Care
Any greenery on the windowsill requires care, which comes down to regular watering and top dressing. Water for watering peppers must be defended, and the dived seedlings should be fed after 2-3 weeks. For this, special dressings are used, for example, Agrolife. The bushes of bitter pepper are turned daily so that they grow even and do not lean too much towards the sun. Small-fruited hot peppers do not stepchild. If the bush seems rare, you can pinch the top.
When the pepper on the windowsill blooms, several times a day the bush will need to shake for pollination. Fruits appear 2.5 - 3 months after planting. If there are too many of them, the plant will independently shed the extra ones, a person does not need to do this, only if sick and underdeveloped ones are found. Fruits can crumble even with a lack of moisture on hot days. Then the bush is sprayed 2-3 times a day with water at room temperature.
After about 1.5-2 years, the bush begins to grow old, loses its decorative effect, sheds foliage, ceases to bloom and bear fruit. It is thrown away or cut. How to grow hot peppers on a windowsill from a cutting? To do this, the juiciest side branches are cut off from the bush and placed in the water. cuttings give roots in 21-28 days. They are planted in a permanent container and after 1.5 months an adult flowering bush is obtained. Usually 50% of the cuttings are rooted. Caring for them is similar to bushes obtained from seeds.
Frequently asked questions about growing hot peppers
In the process of growing small-fruited bitter pepper on the windowsill, novice lovers may have questions, the answers to which can be obtained here.
When is the best time to sow peppers for growing on a windowsill? Experts recommend doing this in the period from April to July, then the seedlings will not have to be illuminated. Although it is realistic to grow peppers in any season of the year.
Is it possible to leave ripe peppers on the bush? Not desirable. If the pepper is left on the plant for a long time, it does not receive an incentive to continue to bloom and bear fruit.
How to care for a pepper winter under central heating? If the battery is located under the windowsill, it must be covered with a towel to avoid drying out the roots of the bush. In addition, daily baths under a cool shower are carried out.
Is it possible to eat the fruits of pepper grown on the windowsill? It is possible as in fresh, and dried. It is even ground in a coffee grinder to get paprika.
Will the adult pepper bush be harmed by repeated transfer? It is undesirable to disturb adult bushes of pepper grown on the windowsill. This will affect the abundance of flowering and fruiting. Stress in the form of discarded leaves is also possible.
What if the flowers fall off a lot? It is necessary to increase the volume of daily lighting for the bush, water it well and shake it 2-3 times a day. Flowers may fall off due to lack of pollination and the inability to form a fruit.
Sweet pepper on the windowsill in winter and summer
In an apartment, you can also grow sweet peppers, which will produce crispy vitamin fruits all year round. There are no particular difficulties in growing it, but some recommendations will help not only grow strong greens on the windowsill, but also taste healthy fruits. 
Growing seedlings of sweet pepper
The first stage of work is seed selection. Dwarf compact plants are suitable for growing at home, the height of which does not exceed 50 cm, and the weight of the fruit varies from 30 to 80 grams. The smaller the hybrid, the more compact and decorative it looks on the windowsill. Seeds of self-pollinated hybrids are suitable for this.
The second stage is preparation substrate and seed treatment. For pepper on the windowsill you can buy ready mixes, or you can make them yourself from an equal amount of biohumus, coconut fiber and earth. Perlite or vermiculite can be added to increase soil aeration. All components are mixed in the pelvis.
For seed treatment prepare a 2% solution potassium permanganate, in which the seeds are kept for 2 hours, then they are washed in cold water. There are producers who carry out the processing themselves and sell seeds that are ready for planting. In this case, there is no need to carry out such a procedure at home.
how to grow sweet peppers on a windowsill. Photo
Third stage - sowing seeds. The substrate fills small containers from plastic cups to greenhouses with peat tablets. Substrates or tablets are well shed with water and seeds are placed in them, 2-3 pieces each. You can sow the seeds immediately in large permanent containers, while the substrate is not filled up to the edge of the pot. This procedure will be carried out later as the bush grows. After sowing, the containers are closed with polyethylene, in which small holes are made for air exchange. The containers are placed in a dark, warm place, periodically watering and looking through them.
Planting sweet peppers. Photo
Fourth stage - seedling care or how to grow sweet peppers on a windowsill from seedlings. The first sprouts appear after 10-14 days. As soon as the seeds hatch and sprouts appear, they are exposed to light and, if necessary, illuminated for several hours a day if it is the autumn-winter period. If necessary, after 2 weeks, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving the strongest specimens. It is important not to overmoisten the seedlings so that they do not become vulnerable to the black leg, which can destroy all seedlings.
Fifth stage - pick. It is produced 4 weeks after germination. To carry out picking, containers with seedlings are well watered, a large 3-liter pot is prepared and filled with a nutrient substrate. A glass of seedlings is turned over and a clod of earth is carefully pulled out along with pepper. They put the ego in a partially filled pot and pour the earth on top to the cotyledon (first) leaves. Watered, lightly tamped the ground near the bush. Put the pepper on the windowsill, preferably on the south side.
Adult plant care
Adult seedlings are not stepchildren and are not corrected by pruning. The bush is given freedom to grow and form flowers. Daily potty needed turn to form an even bush. Watering is carried out as the soil dries out. In hot weather, it can be additionally sprayed with warm water; in winter, watering is reduced to the required minimum.
How to grow sweet peppers on a windowsill with a plentiful ovary? When flowers appear on the bush, they begin to intensively feed it with suitable fertilizers, for example, Agrolife. Flowering bush several times a day shake for self pollination. The first fruits appear about 3 months after sowing the seeds. In order to prolong the life of the plant and get a significant harvest, 5-6 fruits are left from the ovary and removed during the ripening process. If you leave more ovaries, and do not remove the fruits for a long time, the bush becomes very depleted, ages and dies.
If the ripening fruits are large enough, and the bush has grown well, it needs support. She will not allow the bush to tilt and break. Pepper is a perennial vegetable crop, but on the windowsill, with a lack of heat, light and care, it can quickly grow old. In order to admire the plant again in 1.5-2 months and eat its fruits, you can cut cuttings from it and try to root them.
Usually half of the cut cuttings take root. They are planted in permanent containers and cared for as an adult plant. This method of growing peppers is less troublesome and faster.
Sweet pepper on the windowsill. Video
The first step is to decide where the vegetable will grow. Many gardeners prefer to use long containers so that they can plant several plants in a row at once. This allows you to significantly save space, but there are many "cons", for example:
- The vessel will be relatively large, at least 20-25 kilograms, which will make it much more difficult to move. A large mass will also adversely affect the material of the window sill, especially if it is plastic. It can be deformed or "sag" in the middle.
- It will be more difficult to navigate the varieties, since the planting density is quite large and it is often possible to determine what exactly will grow from the seedling only after the first fruits.
- Untidy appearance and difficulty in separating varieties. You can not put the seedlings separately after the start of ripening, which will not satisfy the requirements of many gardeners. Some plants may over-pollinate.
It is better to give preference to traditional flower pots(see photo).
Calculating the volume of land is quite simple - for 1 plantmust have 5 kilograms fertile soil (the calculation is made taking into account that the height of the bush will be no more than 35 centimeters, and this will be a room variety).
This is the minimum volume that is necessary for the qualitative growth of the root system. You can plant in smaller pots, but, in this case, guarantees proper development no pepper. With a lack of free space for lateral roots, they will twist. This will affect the vegetative mass of the plant, and even the fruits - they will be much sharper, smaller size. In some cases, they are deformed - the pods have irregular shape, twist more strongly.
To prepare the vessel, we need: a screwdriver, a heating element (lighter, gas stove, etc.) and a rag to wipe the plastic. One of the most important points in the manufacture of a pot for indoor pepper is drainage - without it there is nothing to even hope for friendly shoots and ripe vegetables on time. To do this, you need to make several holes in the plastic bottom.
Most often, manufacturers produce such containers with special places where the plastic is much thinner and has a lower melting point. Only 140-160 degrees will be enough to melt the mugs at the bottom. If such places are not provided, drainage holes will have to be made in a monolithic basis. To do this, heat a screwdriver (preferably curly) on gas stove or by means of another hearth of fire, then lean against the bottom.
After the burn hole diameter matches the thickness of the screwdriver, you need to make several rotational movements at an angle of 50-60% degrees to widen the hole and smooth out the edges.
Now the place for planting the plant is ready, it remains only to find a shallow plate or stand under it, into which excess moisture will spill after heavy watering. You can use an old ceramic plate or buy a factory fixture for 13-15 rubles on the market - it will be much neater in appearance.
Please note that the outer side of such a plate should not be metal (vessels can only be steel for balconies where they are placed on the floor), as the surface of the window sill can be damaged.
We make the soil for indoor hot pepper
It's no secret that buying ready-made soil is very expensive. Imagine for a moment the prices of any flower shop: expanded clay stones (40 rubles a pack), screened coarse sand (30-40 rubles a pack of 500 grams), fertile fertilized black soil (from 50 rubles a pack). That is why it is better to make the soil with your own hands. It will not take much time, and all the components necessary for this can be found simply on the street, at any construction site or on the farm. We will need the following "cooking ingredients":
The order of falling asleep layers is very important, and it must not be violated. First you need to place 2-3 kg of crushed stone (about 6-9 centimeters in a pot), then pour up to 10 centimeters of sand and only then 10-15 centimeters of black soil. Such drainage will allow moisture to quickly pass through the entire layer and not knock the earth into a monolithic block.
You can not compact the soil. It is necessary to ensure the maximum looseness and minimum density of the chernozem so that the seeds germinate and quickly "get out" outside. The roots of bitter pepper, like the stem, are very weak, so plants often die before they even show up. Over-watering, soil compaction and lack of sand are the main problems for beginners that lead to the death of vegetables.
Planting seeds in the soil and features of the process
As you sow, so ... will grow. Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the planting of pepper. First, let's decide what not to do:
Now more about the landing process itself. There are many technologies, and each gardener does it in his own way. Let's consider the most common technique in more detail.
After that, it is imperative to pour from a sprayer (you cannot fill it with water from a bucket, the earth will quickly settle), soaking the soil evenly.
She needs to get as much water as possible. Define enough level it is possible visually - small puddles should form on the surface (see photo)
If you are going to plant seedlings outside or take pots out for the summer, then you can plant a little smaller - the plant will grow well and take root at high temperatures.
For convenience, you can make special "tags" on which to indicate all the necessary data about the variety that you planted in this pot. They will be especially relevant with a large number of plants, when it is simply impossible to remember what and where was planted.
