Comprehensive gardening. young garden care

Processing of trees in the spring begins as soon as the snow melts and the air temperature reaches +5. There is no universal date, you need to focus on the thermometer and weather conditions.

pruning. You can prune trees in spring at positive temperatures before bud break. Remove broken, thickening and directed to the middle of the crown branches. All sections are treated with copper sulphate and covered with garden pitch.

Whitewash. Before bleaching the trees in early spring, they remove protection from frost and rodents if it has been installed since autumn. Tree whitewash mix can be purchased ready-made at garden centers and stores. And you can cook on your own.

Recipe one

bucket of water (10 l)
400 gr blue vitriol
2 kg lime
100 gr of carpentry or casein glue.

Recipe two

1 kg of clay
2 kg lime
1 mullein shovel
250-300 g of copper sulfate

Trees are sprayed 4 times in spring

The first processing of trees in the spring is carried out before bud break at a temperature not lower than +4. It is advisable to spray the garden in sunny calm weather in the morning or late afternoon.

The choice of drugs is quite large. You need to focus on condition and age fruit trees, as well as the degree of damage by diseases and pests.

Young healthy trees are sprayed prophylactically before bud break and after flowering. And if the garden has entered the phase of full fruiting or the trees are already at a venerable age, you need to work hard enough. Below are the most common gardening options in the spring.

Spraying trees at the beginning of sap flow

Carbamide (urea):700 g per 10 liters of water + 50-75 g of copper sulfate.

Important! Carbamide must not be mixed with superphosphate, chalk, lime.

This good remedy from many diseases and overwintered pests. Plus, treating trees with urea in the spring delays flowering, which means it will help keep the ovaries from negative impact return frosts. This solution is also good fertilizer for a tree.

inkstone

50 g per 10 liters for young trees;
100 g per 10 liters for an adult garden.

Important! Ferrous vitriol must not be mixed with lime.

The drug is treated with apple trees, cherries and plums. He not only plays the role fungicide, but also saturates the tree with iron. Increases the yield of trees, accelerates the growth of plants. spraying iron vitriol it is not recommended to carry out more than 2 times per season. The old garden is sprayed with iron sulfate and.

Spraying the garden in the bud break phase (green cone)

From diseases

3% Bordeaux mixture(300 g of copper sulfate + 350 g of lime + 10 l of water). Cook according to instructions. For better adhesion, add grated on a grater to the solution. laundry soap(20 g).

Spray apricots and cherries with Bordeaux mixture substitute: Kuprosat, Blue-bordeaux, HOM, Abigo-peak, Champion or others.

From pests

Horus+Aktara
Decis
Bi-58

To treat trees in the spring from diseases, and then from pests, you need to choose ONE of the options. The preparations are used with an interval of 4-5 days.

Garden processing in the rosebud phase

Preparations for spraying trees in the spring from pests and diseases complex action: Aktara + Karate + Chorus; Speed + Topaz; Fufanon.

Spraying trees after flowering

From diseases + top dressing:

Carbamide (50 g per 10 l).

From pests:

Horus + Speed + Aktara
Decis
Karate
HOM etc.

Choose one option. Multiplicity of processing - 2-3. About when and how to spray the grapes in the spring, we wrote in.

It is customary to refer to fruit trees those whose fruits are used for food or Food Industry. In the gardens of different regions there are apple trees, pears, plums, cherries, sweet cherries and other representatives of trees of various varieties and species. An orchard, laid out in a summer cottage or near the house, will perfectly decorate the landscape and delight you with spring flowering. This is a place where you can not only eat a tasty and healthy fruit, but also relax in the shade of dense foliage.

IN wild nature fruit trees also grow. These include hawthorn, wild pear and cherry. Mostly in nature, the fruits of such trees are small and have a sweet and sour taste. Through selection and good care at home you can grow fruits enough big size from pleasant aroma and taste.

Care fruit trees

Fruit tree care

Before planting seedlings of fruit trees, it is necessary to choose a place for their growth. Combine and mark out the design of the garden and choose the right neighbor trees.

to choose good seedling you need to follow a few simple rules:

The age of the tree should be 1-2 years. Such a plant will begin to bear fruit as early as 2 or 3 years. Older seedlings bear fruit already on next year, but they are more expensive and take root worse.
The main criterion for choosing already fruiting seedlings is its correct extraction from previous place growth. The roots should not be badly damaged and they should be in a large earthy coma.
Further, in young seedlings, the stem diameter is measured at a distance of 5 cm from the graft. Its size should be about 2 cm. Such a plant will have a good strong trunk and bring a rich harvest.
Annual seedlings should not have branches, two-year-olds should not have more than 2-3 small branches. The root system must be strong and have a healthy appearance.

Basic tree care includes timely watering, from diseases and pests, pruning and top dressing. Trees are watered mainly in spring period when fertilizing and during periods of severely dry summers.

Basically, mature fruit-bearing trees do not need additional moisture, since root system goes deep underground and feeds from there. Fruit trees are processed in early spring, before flowers appear. In autumn, after the fruit has been harvested and the leaves have fallen.

Pruning fruit trees in spring:

Pruning of trees is done in early spring, before spraying, when the plant has not yet woken up.
In warm regions, where trees wake up earlier, pruning is carried out in the month of February.
During pruning, diseased and dry branches, as well as those branches that are infected with pests, are removed.
depending on the type and variety of plants.
For old trees and those who have begun to bear fruit poorly, rejuvenating pruning is performed. To do this, the old branches are shortened so that the young ones go into strong growth. You can do this pruning once every 4 years.

If the garden is running, then it is necessary to carry out sanitary pruning. On dense trees, the fruits will be small and weak. Therefore, first of all, the tree should be cleaned of excess branches. Broken, dry and diseased branches are cut first. Further, the center of the crown of the tree is cleaned, 3-5 strong young branches are left. Top part the crown is pruned, and the main branches are directed to the sides. In the first year after pruning, the tree will recuperate and may not bring the long-awaited harvest. But after a year, the plant will please the owner with tasty, juicy and large fruits.

The introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers very important for the proper growth and development of the plant.

This process is carried out in spring and autumn. Potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, nitrogen - must be applied to the soil, as these elements are often not enough. They are brought in from big amount water. Nitrogen fertilizers in the spring, and phosphorus and potassium in autumn period before wintering.

Young seedlings need winter protection from frost and wildlife. Therefore, often for the winter, small fences are built around trees up to 5 years old and wrapped with cardboard. This protects the thin trunk from severe frosts, and the bark from rodents. In warm regions, trees are not insulated.

In early spring, all gardeners go to spray fruit trees. This process is carried out in order to prevent diseases and infections that can kill the tree. Also, a disinfection procedure is carried out from insects that live in the bark of trees and can harm both the plant itself and the fruits. Optimum temperature environment for spraying from +8 to +10 degrees.

Trees must be prepared for processing:

To do this, the gardener must inspect all trunks and trees for diseases and lichens, the latter must be removed.
The attacking leaves under the tree and near its trunk should be removed so that during processing the preparations also fall on the soil, in which many harmful insects also hibernate.
In order not to harm environment and one's own health is recommended, but biological. The latter are widely represented on the market and new ones appear every year.
Also, the treatment is carried out before flowering, so as not to harm the bees and not to feed harmful substances future fruits.

The chemicals used to treat trees in the spring are as follows:

Inkstone. This drug not only protects the plant, but also nourishes it with iron. The whole tree and the earth around it is processed. Iron vitriol protects against many diseases, pests and fungi. Processing is carried out in the spring before bud break and in the fall. If the tree shows premature yellowing of the leaves and drying of young shoots, this indicates a lack of iron for the plant. Processing with iron sulphate is carried out throughout the site, trees, shrubs and soil around the roots are sprayed. The substance is diluted in proportions of 50 grams per 10 liters of water.
Bordeaux liquid. It's inexpensive but very effective drug. It saves plants from scab, fruit rot, rust, late blight and many other diseases. Its disadvantage is that it is not stored in solution. Therefore, all of it must be used on the same day when the solution is prepared. On the different types plants need a certain amount of solution, an overabundance will lead to backfire. For trees that have not reached the age of 5, they spend up to 2 liters of Bordeaux liquid per 1 tree, for fruit-bearing adults - 10 liters. Currants and gooseberries are treated with 1–1.5 liters of solution per 1 plant. And for 10 raspberry bushes you will need 2 liters. Grapes are processed at the rate of 1.5 liters per 10 square meters. Spraying is carried out in two stages. The first is carried out in the spring when the buds open, the second, with a lighter solution, before the buds open.
Abiga-Peak is used as an antifungal and antibacterial drug for almost all plants in the garden. It cannot be mixed with other drugs, since the copper contained in the composition of Abiga-Peak reacts and precipitates.

The entire area needs to be treated. Since diseases and pests can easily migrate from a diseased tree to a healthy one. Therefore, it is necessary to spray trees, bushes, the soil around plants and even a fence. Solutions are prepared carefully and carefully, while mixing must be thorough.

Otherwise, part of the plant will be treated with a light solution, and the other part will get burned from a strong concentration. This can lead to the death of the entire tree or bush. During the spraying process, the container with the solution is also shaken regularly to constantly mix the liquid.

The treatment must be carried out with gloves and a protective suit, as these drugs are useful for trees, but adversely affect human health.

It is also worth spraying in dry weather, in the morning, after the dew has disappeared. The preparations should be on the tree for a couple of days, and moisture can wash it off, and the result will be minimal. Spraying is carried out at a distance of 75–80 cm from the plant in calm weather.

The soil does not contain enough organic and mineral substances, and in places where trees grow for more than 1 year, it is depleted. Therefore, it is recommended annually. For good tree growth, the appearance of strong branches, nitrogen is necessary. It is with this element that fertilizers are applied in early spring to the soil under the plant.

A tree in the process of development absorbs many substances, micro and macro elements. These are hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, boron. They are abundant in soil, water and the environment. And such elements as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium can be in the ground under the tree in a minimal amount and the plant, lacking, looks weak and sick.

Top dressing and fertilizers are introduced during the period when the fruit tree is actively growing - these are the spring months.

Since the tree absorbs almost all micro and macro elements with water, it is watered abundantly after the introduction of substances. An overabundance of fertilizers or applying it at the wrong time also entails Negative consequences. For example, if nitrogen is introduced later than the deadline, young branches may not ripen by winter and freeze in the cold season.

Trees and plants synthesize sugar with the help of potassium. Therefore, fertilizers containing this element are especially important for fruit trees. Potassium also enhances drought resistance and frost resistance of the plant. They are introduced as an aqueous solution, after which the plant is watered abundantly. Also in the spring, humus and compost can be added under the plant to enrich the soil with organic matter.

Proper tree care, timely protection and feeding will allow you to enjoy the fruits for a long time. The trees are perennials and some can grow for over 30 years. The garden is a small forest where you can relax with the whole family.

More information about the processing of fruit trees in spring can be found in the video.

Foreword

The first spring rays of the sun warm the frozen ground. Slowly and unhurriedly, nature, shaking off the winter cover, wakes up from sleep. Gardeners carefully inspect their property. Garden care in the spring does not end with one inspection - it's time to get down to business.

Necessary tools and materials

Scraper

Arranging maintenance of the winter garden

The result in the spring largely depends on how the care of the garden was organized in the winter. From late autumn, life in the garden stops, the plants fall into hibernation. However, this is not a reason for idleness. Before the onset of frost, it is necessary to prepare the soil around the trees for the cold, carefully digging it up. This will protect the plantings from many pests.

Among the troubles that can befall your "wards" - sunburn, freezing of the bark, root system and fruit buds, rodents of various calibers.

To protect against pests that are not averse to overwintering in the bark of trees, trunks (boles) are painted with garden paint or slaked lime. The latter can be prepared independently by diluting 0.5 kg of copper sulfate, 1 kg of clay and 2.5 kg of limestone into 10 liters of water. Before whitewashing, boles and main branches are cleaned with metal scrapers from moss, lichens and dead bark, the resulting waste is burned to avoid pest infestation of plants.

Early snowfalls are especially dangerous. Abundant precipitation in winter breaks fragile branches, therefore, in order to avoid such “injuries”, it is necessary to shake off the adhering snow crust from the trees in a timely manner.

Roots and bark - we protect from trouble

In severe snowless winters, it is necessary to protect the roots of plantings from freezing. To do this, it is desirable to cover the near-stem areas with a layer of humus, peat, straw or needles, which will increase the soil temperature by 5–7 ° C. Snowfalls alternating with thaws lead to an excess of moisture near the root part of the trunk and cause putrefactive processes. Mulching and hilling the soil in the fall will avoid such problems.

The bark of young trees is a favorite delicacy for rodents and hares. Wrapping trunks with matting, branches coniferous trees, roofing felt or chain-link mesh, will save the young shoots from death. Good deterrents from mice will be mint and black root, and from hares - sawdust soaked in a solution of creolin. During thaws, it is necessary to remove and burn mummified fruits from trees - they are often nests of pests.

Garden care in spring - new concerns

With the onset of spring, work in the garden is activated. Garden care in early spring involves inspecting the trunks of green spaces for the formation of cracks and swellings, pruning the affected areas of trees and shrubs, processing perennials and flower beds. Frozen bark is easy to identify by pressing on the darkened area of the trunk. It exfoliates and emits a specific smell of alcoholic fermentation. When "sliding" or swelling, the bark is tightly tied to the trunk for fusion. Dressing helps heal cracks plastic wrap, which is repeated again in the summer.

Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics in the shade flowering trees have long been an integral attribute of the meeting of spring in the Land of the Rising Sun. The financial and academic year here begins on April 1, when magnificent cherry blossoms bloom. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese pass under the sign of their flowering. But sakura grows well in cooler regions - certain types can be successfully grown even in Siberia.

Agriculture is one of those human activity, the successful outcome of which is not always directly proportional to the efforts made. Unfortunately, nature does not necessarily act as our ally in growing plants, and often, on the contrary, throws up new challenges. Intensified reproduction of pests, abnormal heat, late return frosts, hurricane winds, drought ... And one of the springs presented us with another surprise - a flood.

Let me confess my love today. In love with... lavender. One of the best unpretentious, evergreen and flowering shrubs which can be successfully grown in your garden. And if someone thinks that lavender is a Mediterranean or, at least, southern inhabitant, then you are mistaken. Lavender grows well and in more northern regions, even in the suburbs. But in order to grow it, you need to know some rules and features. They will be discussed in this article.

Having once tasted such an invaluable product as a pumpkin, it is already difficult to stop looking for more and more new recipes for serving it to the table. Korean pumpkin, despite its pungency and spice, has a fresh and delicate taste. After cooking, you will need to cover the salad and let it brew for at least 15 minutes. My nutmeg pumpkin is very juicy and sweet, so there is no need to knead it. If the pumpkin is of a different variety, then you can knead it with your hands so that it slightly releases the juice.

Lettuce, as the earliest and most unpretentious green crop, has always been held in high esteem by gardeners. Most summer residents usually begin spring plantings with sowing lettuce, parsley and radish. IN Lately striving for healthy eating And big choice greens in supermarkets make gardeners wonder which of these plants can be grown in their beds? In this article we will talk about the nine most interesting, in our opinion, varieties of lettuce.

Pollock is best cooked in the form of a casserole, separating the fillet from the skin and bones. Pieces of fish are mixed with a colorful vegetable set, poured with a sauce of cheese, sour cream and eggs. This fish casserole has a presentable appearance, and its taste is a bizarre mixture of subtle nuances. Vegetables and fillets will be soaked in sour cream, the cheese will harden with a golden crust, eggs will bind all the ingredients together. Pieces of fish are abundantly sprinkled with Italian herbs, and pollock acquires an unusual piquancy.

Despite the fact that the calendar spring begins in March, you can really feel the awakening of nature only with the advent of flowering plants in the garden. Nothing testifies to the arrival of spring as eloquently as clearings of blooming primroses. Their appearance is always a small holiday, because winter has receded, and a new garden season awaits us ahead. But, besides spring primroses, there is still something to see and admire in the garden in the month of April.

Growing rapidly and turning into wild thickets, hogweed disrupts the existing ecosystem and suppresses all other plants. Essential oils, contained in the fruits and leaves of hogweed, cause severe forms of dermatitis. At the same time, it is much more difficult to deal with it than with other common weeds. Fortunately, today a tool has appeared on the market that can short term rid your site of most weeds, including hogweed.

Carrot happens various colors: orange, white, yellow, purple. Orange carrots are dominated by beta-carotene and lycopene, yellow due to the presence of xanthophylls (lutein); white carrots are high in fiber, while purple ones contain anthocyanin, beta and alpha carotenes. But, as a rule, gardeners choose varieties of carrots for sowing not by the color of the fruit, but by the timing of their ripening. About the best early, middle and late varieties we will tell in this article.

Recommend Enough easy recipe pie stuffed with delicious chicken and potato filling. open pie with chicken and potatoes is excellent hearty meal, which is suitable for a tight snack, it is very convenient to take a couple of pieces of this pastry on the road. The cake is baked in the oven for one hour at 180 degrees. After that we put it on wooden surface, after releasing it from the form. It is enough to slightly cool the pastries and you can start tasting.

The long-awaited spring for many indoor plants is the period of the start of active vegetation, and for the majority - the return of their decorative effect. Admiring the young leaves and emerging shoots, you should not forget that spring is also a big stress for all houseplants. Sensitive to changes in conditions and versatile, all indoor crops are faced with much brighter lighting, changes in air humidity and temperature conditions.

You can easily cook homemade Easter cake with cottage cheese and candied fruits, even without any confectionery experience behind you. You can bake Easter cake not only in a special form or in paper mold. For the first culinary experiences (and not only), I advise you to take a small cast iron pan. Easter cake in a pan will not turn out as high as in narrow form, but it never burns and always bakes well inside! Yeast curd dough is airy and fragrant.

It is also interesting in that its fruits (pumpkins) are used as food by young, not ripe ones (zelenets). This means that you do not have to wait for the harvest to ripen, and from late spring to autumn you can have fresh vegetables on the menu. In your beds, it is better to grow varieties and hybrids of zucchini that are resistant to disease and change. weather conditions. This eliminates unwanted treatments and allows you to get a crop in any weather. It is about such varieties of zucchini that will be discussed in this article.

IN middle lane April is the time when the first flowering of plants in gardens and parks begins. The constant soloists of the spring that has come into its own are bulbous primroses. But also among ornamental shrubs you can meet those that will delight you with fragrant flowers that enliven a still inconspicuous garden. The main riot of flowering ornamental shrubs falls on the month of May, and most of them, as a rule, bloom in mid-May.

Frost crackles outside. The ground is covered with snow. It seems that the trees and shrubs do not need to be taken care of. But that's not the case at all. At any time of the year, plants require attention. Garden care involves a lot of very important works. Their implementation affects future harvest and the full development of horticultural crops. But before that, the plants should overwinter. At this time, there are many moments that should not be missed.

Protecting plants from freezing

In early December, attention is paid to young trees and shrubs.

In order for them to winter well, it is necessary to monitor the warming of plants. As a heater, you can use snow, which is distributed under the trees, around the bush and compacted. It will protect against frost and rodents. Hilling of plants with snow continues throughout the winter.

Rodents - pests of sleeping plants

Garden care in winter and spring provides for various activities. And each of them has its own deadlines. In winter, attention is paid to protecting trees from rodents. Mice and hares can damage the bark of trees. Annual and biennial crops are especially affected. The tree trunk is protected in autumn. He is wrapped around various materials. At the end of winter, drugs are used that will scare away rodents. They are placed around trees.

Garden care in spring: spring work

With the onset of March, a hot time for gardeners begins. This is a responsible period. With the beginning of snow melting and with the first streams, work on home gardens or summer cottages. How to organize garden care in spring? What to do in the first days of March? During this period, the snow becomes loose. It gradually melts, and there is no need to speed up this process. The exception is snowdrifts, which completely cover the bushes. So that the snow does not damage the branches when melting, it is raked, freeing the plants.

tree pruning

The main condition for this event is the air temperature. Do not work if it is cold outside. In the event that the thermometer recorded readings below minus ten degrees Celsius, trees should not be cut. Peculiarities climatic zones make their own adjustments to the care of the garden in the spring.

Competent pruning is carried out before the buds swell. It is performed on sunny days at zero air temperature.

Trees that bear fruit are cut first, flower buds which are ahead of the awakening of leafy ones. This event includes the removal of:

Damaged, frozen shoots;

Branches growing inside the crown;

Branches that interfere with the development of the crown.

At the same time, they adhere to the rule that provides for the maximum pruning of large branches. In this case, no stumps are left. When removing branches with a diameter of more than fifteen centimeters, garden pitch is used. It is used to process the cut point. After all the trees are cultivated, it is the turn of the infertile young plants. For such trees, this technique involves, first of all, the formation of a crown. The annual gradual removal of branches that will be undesirable for proper growth allows for several years to grow a productive healthy tree, which will thank with a high yield.

Garden care in early spring involves pruning not only trees, but also shrubs. Old shoots of currant berry bushes, as well as raspberries and gooseberries, are subject to removal. Frozen, damaged branches are cut at the base. Fruiting shoots are shortened by ten or fifteen centimeters.

tree grafting

Garden care in early spring involves a lot of work. One of the most important activities is vaccination. fruit crops, which is performed before the swelling of the kidneys.

There are several such ways. Among them, grafting with cuttings into a split or behind the bark is popular and often used. They are prepared at the beginning winter period before the onset of severe frosts. Shoots of annual growths are suitable for grafting. The cuttings used for this event have three or four buds. As a rule, stone fruits will be the first, and then pome crops. For young trees, the grafting zone is no more than two meters above the soil surface, and for shoots - one and a half meters from the trunk. Branch cut diameter:

For stone fruits - 3 cm;

For pome crops - 5-6 cm.

All operations are performed on the day of vaccination. The junctions of the cutting with a tree branch are wrapped insulating tape, which can be removed three or four weeks after the operation or left until next spring.

Planting trees and shrubs

Garden care in early spring is not only about ensuring the beautiful growth of planted plants. At this time, young trees and shrubs can be planted. This event is carried out before bud break. In the spring, crops are planted that have insufficient winter-hardy qualities. After planting, provide constant soil moisture.

Preventive actions

One of the important agricultural practices is the control of pests and diseases. Garden care in early spring is the best time of the year for this. Chemical processing plants will require practical skills and knowledge from gardeners. Without plant protection, it is impossible to grow a healthy and high-grade crop.

Spraying of fruit and berry crops can be divided into three stages:

Before the swelling of the kidneys;

Before flowering;

A week after flowering.

The garden is treated with special preparations. When working with them, you must strictly follow the instructions.

In addition, garden care in early spring includes another very important event - whitewashing tree trunks with a solution of slaked lime.

After the snow melts and stable warm weather is established, the fallen leaves are removed and burned.