This article will discuss how to install an air conditioner with your own hands. Experts strongly recommend preparing the climate device for intensive use in advance. Installation of air conditioners is a responsible and rather complicated event from a technical point of view. With a certain desire, practical skills and a theoretical base, installation work can be done by hand.
The efficiency and duration of the operation of a split system depend on how accurately the installation rules are followed. Wrong place, incorrectly selected equipment for installation, its inconsistency specifications operation, violation of technology - all this can eventually lead to a breakdown of the unit. And even the most expensive devices fail without revealing their potential.
Properly organizing the whole process will not work if you do not have an idea about the principle of operation of this climate apparatus.
- 1. High-pressure refrigerant (freon) is supplied through a nozzle, the diameter of which corresponds to the outlet pipes.
- 2. He's heading to inner part evaporator, where it gradually expands, and after some time it completely boils. The generated steam actively absorbs heat.
- 3. In the process of absorption, condensate is certainly released in the form of water, which settles on the surface of the radiator.
- 4. Moisture is transferred to the tank, and then discharged outside the walls of the house.
- electrical tester;
- bicycle and vacuum pumps;
- pipe cutter;
- perforator;
- indicator;
- example;
- pipe flaring kit.
- choice of location for the installation of the unit.
- installation of brackets on which the unit will be installed.
- Initially, the installation of the external (outdoor) unit of the unit is carried out.
- then the indoor unit and other elements of the system are mounted inside the object.
- remoteness from the side wall - from 30 cm;
- distance from the ceiling - at least 15 cm;
- to the nearest large object that disrupts the movement of air masses - from 150 cm.
- 1. The fixing points of the brackets are indicated and marked with a level.
- 2. Holes are formed under the anchor bolts.
- 3. For communications, you need to prepare through hole, its diameter should be at least 8 cm. It is better to make mounting recesses and recesses in the space between adjacent bricks, this will not only simplify the work, but also make them visually neater.
- the outdoor unit of the air conditioner should be blown by the wind from all sides (if possible);
- the body is better placed under a canopy;
- upper floor residents apartment buildings they can be placed directly on the roof;
- the maximum line length is 15 m, if this value is exceeded, then cold losses increase.
Show all
The principle of operation of the unit
All models of split systems offered for sale are built and operate according to the same principle. They consist of a compressor and an evaporator unit. To connect them, special pipes are used. The outdoor unit is mounted outside the wall.
Unit device
An evaporator is installed inside the room. More productive and expensive models equipped with several with a common compressor.
The principle of operation of the air conditioner at home:
If the installation of the air conditioner is done professionally and correctly, the compressor will constantly pump out freon vapors from the internal chamber, while the internal pressure increases in parallel. As a result, the refrigerant heats up, which contributes to its transformation into a dense fog.
The refrigerant is redirected to the condensation chamber, where it is cooled by an integrated fan, transforming into a liquid. In this state, it is sent to the evaporator (through the nozzle) and everything closes in a circle.
note! If you install an air conditioner inside a room near a heating device, then the power consumption will increase significantly, and the device itself will most likely fail after a few months of operation..
Even ordinary dust can lead to breakage of the climate unit. Wet cleaning not only necessary, but also prescribed, and thorough, regular and thorough. Indoors, it is strictly forbidden to put any products or objects on the unit itself. It is also impossible to cover it with a tablecloth.
Scheme of work
Do-it-yourself installation of an air conditioner necessarily involves sealing all connecting elements and joints, which will eliminate the likelihood of refrigerant evaporation. Experts recommend placing outdoor unit so that it is below the internal level. The standard installation of the air conditioner involves the location of the outdoor unit in a cool place, in the shade.
The device and principle of operation of the air conditioner
Tools and preparations
Do-it-yourself installation of an air conditioner cannot be done without preliminary preparation of tools:
Required Mounting Tools
This is just a basic set of accessories necessary for the installation of air conditioners. Additionally, a full bay is required copper tube(Please note that its ends must be rolled initially, at the factory). Any visual defects (dents, scratches) are simply not acceptable.
note! Installation of air conditioning systems is impossible without making holes in the walls, damaging the external and interior decoration, therefore, work should be carried out in parallel with the repair.
Step-by-step instructions for installing the climate system
After purchasing the climate unit and preparing necessary tools, you can proceed to the main pool of work. The installation scheme is quite simple:
note! In the process of performing the relevant work, it is extremely important to strictly observe safety standards, especially when it comes to a height of 2-3 floors. Knowing how to install the air conditioner yourself should not go against the precautions.
The choice of a place for the installation of the unit is no less important than the purchase of the climatic device itself. Experts advise taking into account a number of requirements when choosing a place for the indoor unit:
Unit placement options
As for the placement of the outdoor unit, the balcony is considered the ideal place, but on condition that it is open. In the case of a glazed loggia, you can stop at the option of mounting on the fence, with sufficient bearing capacity of this design. We recommend that residents of the first and second floors place this part of the split system above the window so as not to cause inconvenience and level the likelihood of theft.
note! In the case of a private house, no strict recommendations are provided.
Choosing a place for the unit
If there are several air conditioner units, then the minimum distance between them should be at least 1.5 m, optimally - 3 m. A number of manufacturers do not regulate given value and you can choose it yourself. But it is better to refuse the “sandwich” option, in which neighboring blocks are located with the back side to each other.
The distance between 2 blocks indoors is from 6 m. More is allowed, but in this case, refueling with refrigerant cannot be avoided. It is better to invest in the specified value.
Where to install the air conditioner
Installation of brackets for air conditioning
Brackets for installing the unit
So, where is the best place to install an air conditioner? – The climate control unit is fixed in an unhindered access zone. Balcony air conditioner installation best option. This type equipment requires periodic and high-quality maintenance.
Experts strongly recommend placing the outdoor unit on the north or east side. Installation of a window air conditioner is often performed at the bottom of the balcony. This zone is considered the best, because it allows you to freely open the window, service the unit. The sequence of actions is simple:
Bracket dimensions
The brackets are installed in accordance with the preliminary marking, adjusting them according to the level and screwing in the anchor bolts. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that there should be about 10 cm of free space between the base of the wall and the air conditioning unit. Gaps must be carefully sealed. After making sure that this block is securely fastened, the installation steps continue, but already inside the room.
ATTENTION! Don't skimp on brackets.
Brackets for air conditioners. What is the difference?
Outdoor unit fixing
Starting to fix the outdoor unit, you need to make sure that the wall is structurally reliable and durable. Large models can weigh more than 50 kg, and in some cases more. Household climate units weigh about 15 kg, and there are no problems with their fastening. Experts advise to provide a margin of safety for all fasteners and walls at least 2 times.
Advice! If your home has outer insulation, you should make sure that the brackets are fixed not to it, but to the wall itself.
In recent years, in the segment of private development, such material as aerated concrete has been especially popular. With all their positive qualities it is not able to provide sufficient strength for mounting the air conditioner. The same way the issue is with a ventilated facade.
note! During the installation process, it is extremely important to ensure a horizontal level for the product, while you can use the building level. The slightest deviations are fraught with improper circulation of the refrigerant.
Proper fixing of the outdoor unit
Professionals pay close attention to the competent arrangement of the drain for condensate drainage. In accordance with the rules and regulations, this tube must be connected to sewer system. That's just our compatriots in the vast majority neglect it, completely in vain.
The outdoor unit should be at least 10 cm away from the wall surface. It is required to ensure high-quality blowing of the unit. If you do not withstand it, then the device may completely fail. Remember that any activities associated with the installation of the outdoor unit are associated with a high risk to health, since these are high-altitude work.
Fixing the indoor unit
Professionals categorically prohibit placing the indoor unit behind curtains, near electrical appliances, above the battery. Self-installation of the air conditioner in these places is fraught with failure of the device's processor. Having decided on the place, it is imperative to check the wall for other communication solutions (heating pipes, plumbing, electrical wiring).
Fastening indoor unit
Direct installation of a window air conditioner is possible only if there is a free area. First of all, a metal plate is mounted: at least 10 cm must be retreated from the ceiling, and about 7 cm from the base of the wall. Distances are marked with a pencil. Holes are made for fasteners, and the plate is securely screwed.
Fixed plate for indoor unit
The further installation scheme involves fixing the indoor unit on an already attached plate. A hole is made in parallel in the wall for laying a copper cable, condensate hoses, pipes, and electrical wiring. Standard includes all necessary products, solutions and elements.
Electrical connection
Electrical connection diagram
The indoor unit functions only if it has its own wiring, the cross section of which must be at least 1.5 square meters. mm. A mandatory requirement is the presence of a shutdown machine, especially if it is the installation of industrial air conditioners. The wiring is connected to the shield only when it is fully laid: to neutral wire connect a yellow wire with a small green stripe.
note! In order to determine the phase and zero, it is most effective to use an indicator.
The rules for installing an air conditioner require the connection of individual units using insulated stranded wires, previously passed through a hole in the wall. Each climate control unit comes with instructions that clearly indicate the wiring diagram and sequence.
Answering the question of how to properly install the air conditioner, professionals invariably state that the key to the success of this entire event depends on the quality and literacy of the gasket. copper pipes. They are cut in such a way that there is a small margin (about 0.8-1 m) for bends.
Pipe laying
It is simply not possible to bend them, since dents, wrinkles will form, and the metal may even crack.
note! The installation of industrial air conditioners, as well as household ones, involves the use of special pipe benders. They allow you to maintain the structural integrity of the tubes. For window air conditioners this moment is the key to effective functioning.
Only after this, the tubes can be covered with polyurethane foam hoses, which play the role of thermal insulation. As for the traditional foam rubber, it is completely unsuitable in this context, due to the short service life. Flanges for threading are worn solely on the fact of pipe insulation.
Installation and installation of air conditioners is carried out with mandatory flaring, while the process itself requires utmost care in order to eliminate the risk of grooves and microcracks. Be that as it may, but spare parts and necessary tools should always be at hand. On rolling, the nut should be placed easily, but when tightening, it is better to use a torque wrench, which eliminates the possibility of squeezing out small particles from the machined area.
Further, it is enough to fix the corresponding pipeline at each fitting. A small piece of pipe in a reinforced casing is attached to the drain pipe (for such cases, it is better to use heat-shrinkable tubes).
Advice! An important component of the successful installation of an air conditioner at home is the presence of drainage pipe located at the maximum possible distance from the bearing walls.
The next step is to insert pipes into the holes in the wall, while they should be placed as evenly as possible. At the wall, the canvas is fixed with clamps. An air conditioner with installation outside the home must be mounted extremely securely. Small holes fill mounting foam. To check the tightness, you can use a soapy solution.
Vacuum system
To install air conditioners, it is necessary to carry out evacuation of the system. Even if the activities are carried out at home, this is indispensable, since moisture and fine dust are removed as part of the evacuation. During the installation of the air conditioner, connections and threads are sealed, otherwise it will not work to remove air from the unit. A vacuum pump is used to pump out air for 20-40 minutes.
vacuuming
After the installation of the air conditioner is completed, the refrigerant in the cylinder is supplied to the system. A small adapter is attached to it, and then a pressure gauge. The filling of the air conditioning tank is independently carried out taking into account and correcting for pressure. Upon completion of the process, the disconnector is activated and the system enters the test mode.
note! The uniform circulation of cold air indicates that everything is done correctly. The air conditioning unit can be used for its intended purpose.
Results
Now you know how to install the air conditioner yourself. This work is quite feasible. Naturally, this is not a simple and easy task. The key recommendation is to strictly follow the instructions and if any defects occur, they must be eliminated in a timely manner. In this case, the air conditioner will work efficiently for a long time. Be sure to watch the video on installing the air conditioner from A to Z.
When they mention that it is necessary to install an air conditioner, they usually mean the installation of a split system. It consists of two blocks. Internal and external. In addition to such a system, there are also monoblock air conditioners, the installation of which is not difficult. They are simply inserted into a pre-prepared hole in the wall or in the window. The slots are filled with mounting foam, the device is connected to the network and starts working, cooling the room. Everything is very simple.
But the installation of an air conditioner, which consists of two blocks, is more complicated. And you can't do without instructions. But such an installation does not require any special skill. It can be easily done on your own. And save some money on it. Depending on the city of residence, sometimes very significant.
What air conditioner do you have?
Need to start. And you need to choose very carefully. Here you need to take into account some parameters, such as:
- the ability to install an external unit (or);
- room volume in sq.m;
- wall thickness;
- the presence or absence of thermal insulation.
After all, if you purchase an air conditioner, the power of which will be small, then it will not be able to cool the room well. It will still be hot. If you install the device high power, a lot of electricity will be consumed, the room will be cold. When choosing an air conditioner, it is best to take the advice of a specialist or get advice from a store.
Required Tools
Here you go, household appliance bought and brought to the place of installation. For its installation you will need the following tools and materials:
- perforator, drill;
- self-tapping screws and choppers;
- building level;
- screwdriver;
- tool for cutting and expanding copper tubes.
Now we have to choose again. But this time there is a place to install blocks. There are rules here. The unit inside the room must be installed so that there is a distance of at least 15 cm from the ceiling to it. And from the nearest wall - at least 30 cm. You can not install the unit above the head of the bed and above the dining table. Despite the fact that the air flow brings the long-awaited coolness, you can catch a cold from it.
The unit must not be covered with a curtain. In this case, the air conditioner will not only work poorly, but will quickly break down. The structure must be installed strictly horizontally. It's not just about aesthetics. After all, if the unit is installed even with a slight slope, this will affect the quality of its work, and therefore the durability of the air conditioner. In particular, the drainage of the device will not work well.
Installing the indoor unit
The indoor unit is hung on a special bar. To fix it on the wall, you need to drill holes, hammer chopsticks into them, fasten the bar with self-tapping screws. Before you need to try to hang and remove the block to know how it's done. Do not mess around for a long time when the tubes are attached to it.
Mounting plate fixture for indoor unit
Horizontal fastening is checked by level
How to install an outdoor air conditioner unit
Now choose a place to install the outdoor unit. In order to facilitate installation, it is mounted either under the window or to the right of it. Mount the outdoor unit on special brackets. It should be noted that the device weighs from 25 to 65 kg. So you need the help of a second person. In addition, people should insure each other when working outside the window.
Air conditioner installation instructions
There must be a distance of no more than 6 meters and no less than 1.5 from the indoor unit to the outdoor unit. The optimal distance is 3 meters. Then it is very easy to blow through the pipeline, freeing it from air and moisture. At a greater distance, it will be necessary to refuel the air conditioner and use a vacuum pump, and at a shorter distance, the devices will transmit mutual vibration to each other, which is undesirable. But if the blocks are attached side by side, it is recommended to make a one and a half meter loop on the pipeline. It makes the air conditioner work better.
Outdoor air conditioner unit under the window
First you need to punch a hole in the wall. It is necessary in order to pass the air conditioner pipeline. The hole must be at least 5 cm in diameter. It is pierced with a perforator. It is possible that fragments of brick or concrete will fall outward, so during this work it is necessary to ensure that there are no people below. When punching a hole, you need to take into account that there should be a slight downward slope. If there is no slope, the drainage will not work.
Outdoor air conditioner unit on the wall between windows
Ropes are passed through this hole, to which the outdoor unit of the air conditioner will be tied. But first you need to install the brackets. A rope is passed through the hole to insure a person. One end of the rope is tied to the belt, and the other is tightly tied, for example, to water pipe. The assistant also insures the worker. IN outer wall holes are drilled, and the brackets are fastened with powerful anchor bolts, taking into account big weight block.
Outdoor air conditioner unit on the balcony railing
After the brackets are fixed, ropes are tied to the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, it is lowered onto the brackets and fixed. The distance from the device to the wall must be at least 10 cm. It must be said that the installation of the outdoor unit is the most time-consuming part of the work.
If the apartment is on the ground floor, then this installation is easier to do. But to protect against hooligans, the block still needs to be placed as high as possible and closed with a grate. It is easy to install it even when the apartment has an open balcony.
Attention! The unit cannot be installed on glazed loggias, as the air conditioner will not work well and will quickly become unusable.
Now you need to mount the highway. It is necessary to have a device for cutting and expanding copper pipes. If there is such a device, then there are no difficulties. The tubes are cut to the desired length, the ends are flared. Then they are attached first to the indoor unit, and then to the outdoor unit.
Photo: line for tubes and cable
Attached to the indoor unit: copper piping, drain pipe and power cable. Copper tubes are attached with nuts, the drain tube is put on a plastic fitting. When connecting the cable, you need to remember where the wire is connected. certain color. You need to connect it in the same way when connecting to the outdoor unit. To make the highway on the wall look beautiful, you need to use a decorative box. The box is attached to the wall before the main line is laid.
Installing the outdoor unit mount
After connecting the tubes and cable, the entire pipeline is wrapped with adhesive tape and passed through the hole during outer wall. The ends of the tubes must be covered with something so that debris does not get into them while they are passed through the hole. The line is connected to the outdoor unit, only the drain pipe remains free to hang.
Now you need to bleed excess air from the pipeline to prepare the air conditioner for operation. To do this, simply open the valves for a second on the ports for connecting copper pipes. In order to get to the valve, you need to unscrew the copper cap. The valve is opened for a second with a hex wrench. It is recommended to do this three times.
Wiring diagram
If the route is long, longer than three meters, then you need to use a vacuum pump to purge it, which is connected to the system.
After completion of work, the hole in the wall is filled with mounting foam and puttied.
It is best to connect the air conditioner to the mains through a separate cable. The cable is connected to the electrical panel through the device emergency shutdown. Do not forget about grounding.
Right installed air conditioner can work for many years without requiring any preventive maintenance. Especially if it's a good quality product.
Translated from English word split means "crack", but there are other, less common translations, namely "split". This article describes the installation of an air conditioner with your own hands, and specifically a split system, which consists of divided blocks. Since the installation of the air conditioning system itself is quite an expensive undertaking, it will be useful to learn how you can install it yourself.
Installing an air conditioning system is no easy task. In order to connect everything correctly, you need to know how it all works:
- through a spinneret (a nozzle in the form of a narrow hole) a quickly boiling liquid is poured into the evaporator chamber under pressure, which is used to cool the air - this is a refrigerant. In the chamber, the liquid expands, boils, evaporates and thereby consumes a large amount of warm air.
— water condensate settles on the evaporator heater during operation. It flows into a special reservoir, from which it exits (to the street) through a drainage tube.
- The compressor, like a vacuum pump, constantly pumps out refrigerant vapor from the evaporator chamber. From high pressure the temperature of the refrigerant rises to such an extent that it goes into a supercritical state similar to a very dense fog.
- then the refrigerant passes into the condensation chamber, in which there is a heater blown by a fan. Under cold air, the temperature of the refrigerant changes critically again, this time it cools and turns into a liquid.
- liquid refrigerant through the nozzle again enters the evaporator and the cycle is constantly repeated.
What helps and what hinders the operation of the air conditioner
In order for the split system to function properly and at the same time save energy during installation, it is important to perform following conditions:
- prevent the penetration of warm air into the equipment - when cold and hot zones come into contact, electricity consumption increases greatly. In this situation, the compressor is forced to distill the heat inside the system, and this is an additional cost.
- observe the tightness of the system - due to its depressurization, rapidly boiling liquids can simply evaporate. This can happen even through the smallest hole.
- the external unit must be placed lower than the internal one - this will create a thermosiphon effect (warm liquid rises), which makes the compressor work easier. If this is not done, then an excessive consumption of electricity will be inevitable, since the liquid will rise, overcoming the reverse thermosiphon effect.
- the outdoor unit must be located in a cool place, in the shade - additional heating from the outside increases the power consumption for cooling the system.
- the drainage tube should not be allowed to bend upwards, since such convolutions are instantly populated by microbes and mold, and as a result become a source of infection.
What is an air split
A split system differs from a household, conventional air conditioner in that it consists of separated blocks. One of them is external, the compressor works in it, and condensate is also collected. The second block is internal, in which the thermostatic fluid evaporates. Many modern split systems not only cool the air in the room, but also heat it up to the required temperature. When the air is heated, the cycle works in reverse, and the refrigerant condenses in the indoor unit, while evaporation occurs in the outdoor unit. For this reason, in general, blocks are simply referred to as external (external) and internal.
It also happens that several internal ones work with one external unit. At the same time, they can work separately, and cool and heat the air. But this is found only in expensive models of split systems. Such air conditioning systems, although expensive, in the process of work are more economical than their cheaper counterparts. This is because in such a situation, the heat exchange inside the room does not interfere, but helps the air conditioner to work.
When to install the air conditioner
The installation of a split system in the house will be better done during the repair period. There is a lot of work to be done on the replacement and installation of electrical wiring. It is good that the wall decoration has not yet been completed before the installation begins. Otherwise, there will be costs associated with re-finishing the interior.
Required Tools
In order for the installation of the split system to pass without delay, and after a few days the equipment does not fail, it is necessary to use quality tools. For installation you will need:
- a puncher with a set of chisels - you have to make holes in the wall with a diameter of up to 10 centimeters.
- rebar finder (if the wall is made of reinforced concrete) - if the perforator gets into the rebar, then the hole will have to be punched again.
- pipe cutter - only they need to cut the pipes. If you cut the refrigerant pipes with a simple hacksaw, then there will definitely be particles of metal chips around the edges, which will lead to a compressor malfunction.
- a set for expanding tubes - if you try to bend the edges of the tube with improvised tools, you will not be able to achieve complete symmetry.
- scraper - a tool that is used to clean the ends of the tubes. A file is not suitable for this purpose because of the danger of small particles getting inside the compressor.
— hand pump(bicycle) - it is useful for checking the system for leaks.
- vacuum pump - used to create a vacuum system before filling it. Many experts advise to simply flush with refrigerant, but this does not remove residual moisture, and as a result, the compressor can be damaged, similar to the situation with metal chips.
- phase indicator and tester - these devices will be useful when replacing wiring.
- manometer.
- pipeline.
Selecting the required tubes
For security best solution will purchase a whole bay of copper tubing. This is justified, since small chips may remain in the cut tube, which, during operation, can disable the compressor. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that there is factory flaring on the edges of the tube, and that there are no cracks, creases or other defects on the tube. With a long piping, the outdoor unit can be lowered much lower than the indoor unit. In this case, the excess consumption of material will quickly pay off, since the resulting effect of the thermosiphon will reduce the cost of energy consumption of the equipment.
Cutting, cleaning and shaping tubes
Before starting the installation of the air conditioner, it is necessary to make a test flaring, scraping and cutting the tube. Used for flaring special tool, before work, you need to carefully examine and study its device, possible defects when used, and to know what the end result looks like. When buying a whole bay, it is best to purchase another small cut for trial work, since it is not recommended to cut the bay for these purposes. Cutting the tube is done with a circular motion of the pipe cutter. Next, you need to make a scraping, in which the tube should be end down so that the trimmings of the tube do not fall into the lumen and inside.
Mounting the outdoor unit
Independent installation of an air conditioner in an apartment on floors above the second, namely the external unit, is considered life-threatening and impractical. On the upper floors, installation can be done only if there is a balcony or loggias. The outdoor unit is easily and conveniently installed on the balcony on small and shallow brackets. A balcony is generally a convenient place to install an air conditioner, because it has a north or east side, which are just perfect for installation. But in the south, installing a split system is not so terrible, since a roof or a canopy will protect the external unit from overheating under the scorching sun even on the hottest day. It is on such a day that the air conditioner is very important.
Before installing the brackets, it is necessary to remove the glass for the installation period, and drive the holders into the lower part of the frame. In order not to spoil the sheathing of the loggia, you can bend the “roots” of the holders in the form of the letters “P” located horizontally.
Split system installation
Professional installation of a split system in the house takes place in a strict sequence:
- choice of location for the indoor unit,
- installation and replacement of electrical wiring,
- installation of the external unit,
- making a hole in the wall for pipes,
- pipeline laying,
– electrical installation of connections in blocks,
- Air conditioner leak test
- evacuation of the system,
— system filling,
- power connection,
- test run sleeps system,
- isolation of interblock harnesses,
- capital sealing of holes,
- Pleasant use.
Some of the important stages of installing a split system are discussed in more detail below.
Selecting the location of indoor units
There are a number of places where the indoor unit of a split system cannot be installed:
- above heating appliances;
- where there is no air access - behind curtains, partitions, screens and other seemingly insignificant obstacles;
- in rooms where there is equipment that causes electrical interference: workshops with power tools, kitchens with induction and microwave ovens, electric ovens. If this is neglected, then the processor unit will fail from radiation.
Attention! Air conditioning is not installed in the kitchen. Cooling of the air and the influx of new air is due to the house's own general ventilation.
Wiring Features
The power of the smallest air conditioner is 1.5 kW. For this reason, for the air conditioning system, it is simply necessary to lay a separate cable with a cable thickness of at least 2.5 square meters. mm. In addition, it is important to install an automatic machine that can turn off the electricity in case of an overload.
When connecting the wires to the power shield, you need to connect the yellow wire with a green stripe along its entire length to N (neutral wire). Using the phase indicator, you need to determine the phase and zero.
How to drill holes in a wall
It is important to correctly determine the position of the reinforcement in the wall. In the event that there was a hit in the armature, nothing can be done. You will have to drill a new hole. Damage to the reinforcement is unacceptable, as this is contrary to building codes. In addition to the described situation, there is another point. This stage will require a second person who will warn people passing below about the possible fall of pieces of concrete or brick. This cannot be ignored, because if a random piece falls on a person, then the consequences can be very serious, up to imprisonment.
The hole must be made with a diameter of more than 80 mm. The advices encountered about 50-60 mm most likely do not take into account thermal insulation.
Tubing installation
First you need to cut the tube of the required length with a margin of about one meter. Then you can start bending the pipeline. This is done very carefully so that there is no break or wrinkles. The bend of the tube must correspond to a radius of 100 mm or more. If wrinkles occur, they will create unnecessary resistance to the coolant and increase energy consumption as a result.
The next step is the thermal insulation of the tube. To do this, a hose made of polyurethane foam (flex) is put on it. It makes no sense to use other heaters, since they are short-lived and will become unusable after a season.
After that, it is necessary to put flanges on the tubes with threads to the ends of the tube and make flaring.
Next, we alternately connect the tubes to the existing fittings. On this stage be careful not to connect the cold connector of the indoor unit to the hot connector of the outdoor unit. Sometimes cold and hot fittings have different diameters.
The nuts on the fittings must be securely tightened, but not too tight, because the nuts will need to be tightened when sealing.
Part of a reinforced plastic tube can be used as drainage. It is connected to a waste pipe or a threaded nut. A piece of heat shrink tubing can also help. It is easily heated with a soldering iron, slightly touching the tube with a sting.
How to connect the air conditioner to the mains
To connect the blocks, you will need multi-core insulated wires with a thickness of 2.5 sq. mm. They connect the terminals of the blocks (internal and external), most often the terminals are the same. If the names of the terminals are different, then it is necessary to study the instructions in detail and get advice from a specialist. All wires, by analogy with tubes, are passed through previously made holes in the wall.
Sealing
For sealing, a soapy solution is used. To do this, you need to purchase distilled water at the pharmacy and heat it to a state of steam. Then gently mixing, you need to dissolve in it a tablespoon of chopped laundry soap.
There should be two people working here. It is necessary to remove the outlet nipple, and attach a rubber hose from a bicycle pump to its nozzle. The assistant gently pumps air, the other applies soapy water to all threaded connections with a brush.
Then tighten the nuts until bubbles stop completely, and plus 1/8 turn from above. Soap deposits are removed with a damp cloth.
Vacuum cleaning process
The next step is the vacuuming process. It is necessary for the system to be cleaned of dust and moisture, which are removed along with the air. To do this, the nipple is screwed into place and a vacuum pump is attached to it. It must be tightened firmly. Then for an hour it is necessary to pump air. As a result, all residual moisture will evaporate.
Filling the system
The turn of the refrigerant has come, which needs to fill the system. To do this, a coolant bottle is connected to the system through an adapter with a pressure gauge. It should be filled until the pressure specified in the documentation is reached.
Important! Air conditioners that run on freon are not allowed to be filled with refrigerant and vice versa.
Test inclusion
When the machine is turned on, the split system must automatically enter the test mode. If this does not happen, then you need to start the test from the remote control. If this time it doesn’t work out, it means that the installation was done incorrectly and, in order not to completely disable the equipment, you need to call a specialist.
finishing touches
If the test activation was successful, then the blinds are set to the correct position and begin to sway. The harness located between the blocks on top needs to be wrapped aluminum foil. This will serve as a thermal shield, which will save up to 3% of electricity. The second layer of the tourniquet, together with the drainage tube, is wrapped in a moisture-resistant insulating tape. The final touch is the capital sealing of the hole in the wall. You don't need to do this with foam. On this we can sum up the decisive result that the split system is independently installed and works properly.
Video on the topic "How to install the air conditioner yourself"
A modern office, perhaps, is quite difficult to imagine without air conditioning. And private consumers are increasingly installing split systems in their homes and apartments. If you also decide to follow their example, then you can probably do the installation process yourself. However, first you need to familiarize yourself with the technology and some installation principles, which will be discussed below.
Installation Features
Before you start installing a split system, you should familiarize yourself with some of the nuances of such work. By purchasing the appropriate equipment, you will spend a lot of money, so you should be interested in the question of how to save money during the operation of the system. For example, if thermal contact is maintained between the hot and cold zones, this will increase energy consumption, because the compressor will need to drive heat inside the system, as well as pump the refrigerant.
Garbage and dust inside are unacceptable. Vacuum pump is a high-tech device. If a piece of metal gets there, it will disable the equipment. Installation of a split system must be accompanied by ensuring complete tightness. Even if the smallest gaps remain, low-boiling liquids will be ready to evaporate.
The outdoor unit is located below the indoor unit. This will facilitate the work of the compressor, because the thermosyphon effect will work. It is explained by the fact that the heated liquid will rush upward. If this requirement is not taken into account, then the compressor will overcome physical forces, and the consumption of electricity will again increase. Dismantling and installation of a split system can be done independently. But for this, the outdoor unit must be located in a convenient place. In addition, it must be in the shade. If it is subjected to additional heating, then the costs will again fall on the shoulders of the owner.
Installation of a drainage tube is also accompanied by compliance with certain rules. It should not have an upward curve. If the position of this node is similar to U, then this will cause a source of infection, because the condensate will be a place for the emergence and development of fungus and microbes, the spores of which are in the air.
Types and mounting options
Installation of a split system in Azov and other cities can be carried out. The prices for such works are presented below. But if you plan to deal with them yourself, you should know that air conditioners are made with separate units, one of them will be outdoor, while the other will be indoor. The latter is an evaporator, but the first is a compressor-condenser. These names are arbitrary modern models can cool and heat the room. In the latter case, the refrigerant condenses inside the unit in the apartment and evaporates outside. Therefore, an indoor unit and an outdoor unit are distinguished.
Considering expensive models, you should pay attention to the fact that there is a possibility of connecting several indoor units to one outdoor unit. Each of them can work separately for heating and cooling. Such a system, at a high cost at the time of purchase, will be more economical in operation, because the heat exchange between the rooms does not interfere, but helps the air conditioner.
Feedback on when is the best time to start installation. Opinions of home masters on the features of preparation for work
According to home masters, the installation of a split system is best timed to coincide with the repair. This is due to the fact that the installation of such equipment is a rather serious task. In order to conduct an electrician, you will have to walk along many walls. If they already have a cladding, then it is necessary to lay down the costs of a new finish in advance.
When home masters are asked about what preparation needs to be done before installing a split system, they answer that at the first stage it is necessary to take care of the availability of the appropriate tools. Using improvised devices is not only not always convenient, but also unsafe, because with this outcome, the air conditioner can break down in a week.
For installation, prepare:
- perforator;
- armature detector;
- pipe cutter;
- tube flaring kit;
- scraping;
- hand pump;
- Vacuum pump;
- phase indicator;
- manometer.
Consumers emphasize that a set of chisels should be attached to the puncher. You will have to make holes in the main wall. Their diameter should be 100 mm. Home craftsmen say that you will also need a valve detector. If the wall is concrete, then you can get into the bars, so you have to look for a new hole.
Cutting the refrigerant pipes with a hacksaw is not worth it. To do this, consumers are advised to purchase or borrow a pipe cutter. If you do not follow this rule, then copper chips will remain in the gap, it will quickly disable the compressor.
Flaring the tubes with improvised means is also not worth it. To do this, prepare a special set. Otherwise, you will not be able to achieve tightness. A good kit includes a pipe cutter and a scraper. To check the tightness of the system, it is better to use a bicycle pump. But for vacuuming, the pump of the same name is suitable.
Schemes and types of installation
Installation of air conditioners / split systems is usually carried out according to typical schemes which are suitable for apartments, offices and living quarters. Preliminary arrangement of blocks and calculation of installation are carried out after the departure of a specialist. However, when self installation you can choose the scheme of your choice. The first of them involves mounting the indoor unit on a wall perpendicular to the window. But in the lower part of the latter, the corresponding block is installed outside.
The second scheme provides for the location of the external unit on the left side of the window, if you look at it from the outside. The indoor unit remains in the same place. Such installation of a multi-split system is suitable for the first and second floors. The distance between the windows must be sufficient for the location of the outdoor unit. Otherwise, it will need to be positioned, as in the first diagram.
If the window has an opening sash on the balcony, then the block can be placed on the left of the latter. Air conditioning from the inside remains in the same place. After that, you can do the installation of double-glazed windows and balcony glazing. But if glazing is already available, then installation work may be complicated.
The outdoor unit in the presence of a balcony can be located on its side. This is true if the width of the surface allows the connection of the freon line. The sash at the place of installation of the outdoor unit should open if the balcony is glazed. Such a scheme is possible if the balcony parapet is made of capital materials, among them:
- concrete;
- brick;
- foam block.
The outside surface must be smooth and clean.
Outdoor unit installation instructions
You can install a split system yourself. Installation must be carried out according to a certain algorithm. Work should begin with the installation of the outdoor unit. You can use homemade brackets for this. It is only important to make sure that the design will be protected from the direct rays of the sun in hot weather. In this case, installation and maintenance will not cause difficulties.
To install the brackets, the glazing (if any) will have to be temporarily removed. The root parts of the brackets cut into the frame frame. If they are bent down, then it will be possible to do without struts, while the balcony lining will not have to be touched.
Installing the indoor unit
Installation of the system in the apartment is carried out in the following order. First you need to determine the location of the structure. Next, electrical wiring is laid, a hole is punched in the wall for laying communications. Do-it-yourself installation of a split system, the instructions for which are presented in the article, can be completely carried out by you.
Work methodology
At the next stage, the technology provides for the preparation and laying of the pipeline. Blocks must be connected to each other. The system should be checked for leaks. It is evacuated, filled, and then connected to the power supply. The split system must be tested. Interblock harness is insulated. The hole in the main wall is sealed.
For reference
If you do not feel the strength to do the installation yourself, you can use the services of professionals. If you want to save money, you can purchase an air conditioner from the company that installs it. Quite often, such companies provide a discount on installation work.
The cost of the work
The cost of installing a split system will cost 4,000 rubles if you purchase an air conditioner with a power of up to 3.5 kW. When the power increases to 7 kW, the cost rises to 4500 rubles. You can install a split system from 7 kW in power and above for 8000 rubles. The price of installation of a split system usually includes the installation of external and internal units, the connection of structures to each other, as well as the control connection. By paying the price mentioned above, you will also receive the punching of one of the holes in concrete or brick.
Conclusion
Of course, you can do the installation yourself. But in this case, many suppliers remove the warranty. Therefore, it is better to entrust the matter to professionals.
Air conditioner installation guide:
1. Attach the hanging plate of the indoor unit.
you need: level, tape measure, pencil, small puncher / drill, drill, self-tapping screws, chopsticks, stepladder, screwdriver, possibly a hammer, vacuum cleaner, search device concealed wiring.If something is missing, garbage is a question, do not rush to buy, because you don’t need it except this time. You can hang it on the eye, bullshit the question is that it's a little crooked, but you can always proudly say, hand-mei, I hung it myself.
There is no stepladder, bullshit question, chair on chair taxis Foreva. It is desirable that the area of the seat of the lower chair be slightly less than the spread of the legs of the upper chair. This will bring special, spicy notes, and the neighbors will be able to replenish their vocabulary with catchphrases.If there is no drill, bullshit question, the walls are usually well picked with a nail.
No screwdriver, bullshit question, there is a hammer.
No hammer, bullshit question, something heavy to find nifiga is not a problem.
If there is nothing to fasten, bullshit is a question, nails, adhesive tape, cold welding, glue, for greater reliability, it is better to combine several methods of fastening.
So, the plate is fixed securely.
-2. Make a hole in the wall, and not just a hole, but a normal hole so that the rolling pin crawls through with a whistle + a slight downward slope.
you need: a large hammer drill, a long drill, a stepladder, masking tape, industrial vacuum cleaner, a device for finding hidden wiring.
Stepladder, see problem 1, the neighbors will become polyglots.
A device for searching for hidden wiring, garbage is a question, an additional charge of vivacity will not be superfluous.
Perforator, drill, bullshit question, of course, a nail will not work or it was necessary to start in the winter, but a hefty chisel + hammer rules the future. A couple of days of work and a meeting with fresh air.
Molar tape, cellophane, industrial vacuum cleaner, bullshit question. As a child, they played war games, well, the same thing + a smoke screen and you are invisible to the enemy.
And of course, all your household members will get great, incomparable pleasure doing such a little cleaning after the "war".
Well, the hole is ready, the garbage is huge and crooked, but it will be convenient to lay the tracks.
-3. We look at the hole, at the indoor unit at the estimated distance to the outdoor unit and understand that the drain pipes are short, um, the task.
need: flaring, gas-burner(For correct installation), pipe cutter, drainage tube, flex (insulation is shorter)
Well, we’re not suckers what kind of thread, it’s clear that we bought a couple of meters of a copper seamless tube of different diameters in advance, or maybe not copper, or maybe not seamless, or maybe no diameter, garbage is a question, the main thing is what would be cheaper, but there , adjust in place.
There is nothing, garbage is a question, the main thing is there are pipes, and miraculous cold welding will fix everything + glue on top + adhesive tape + wrap with wire + another layer cold welding, for reliability, the stump is clear.
The fact that the chips got into the tubes when you sawed it with a hacksaw. No hacksaw, did you gnaw with your teeth? you che, khryas about a knee and all, then a hole was torn open with a knife... the same option, the main thing is more cold welding.
Drainage, drainage, drainage, um, there's a piece of hose from my grandmother's washing machine, which her grandfather gave her in honor of the anniversary of the Battle of Borodino.
In general, they lengthened the tracks, put them with tons of ore into the hole, and what the hell did you think, three layers of cold welding, glue, 2 rolls of adhesive tape, a coil of wire 3kg in weight, a hose, so it’s so raced, they forgot the hose, screwed it all up, it seems to have passed, with a bias no, HZ, the main thing has climbed through and thanks for that
They hung the indoor unit .... staggering somehow, garbage is a question, the welding has not yet frozen, tape it over it, tape it. WAH! What a beauty.
-4. Outdoor unit.
Need to. Level, small perforator, small drill, fastenings vn. blocks, bolts, keys.
And I must say, we live on the ground floor, so there are no problems here, they just put him on the ground and his mother. Don't forget to put the grid.
-5. Connect the routes of the indoor unit to the outdoor unit and vacuum.
you need: monomer, compressor, flaring, keys.
There is nothing, garbage is a question, we take a vacuum cleaner, turn on the full power of the route into the pipe, high sucks and creates a vacuum, oh how.
And now quickly, the main thing is quickly, until the vacuum has come out, attach the tracks to outdoor unit, bullshit the question is, will it come out in 10 minutes .... who? Yes, this very vacuum, if it weren’t okay ...... no, for sure, the vacuum doesn’t know how to walk.
Wiring, um, but what the hell are they, so, for electricity, for sure, damn it, they almost forgot. There is a diagram, something is not clear, but what is incomprehensible, twist it under the bolts, and that's all.
Hallelujah, everyone connected.
They crossed themselves .... he said let's go and waved his hand ....
……………….
Buzzing…..
It buzzes, it means it works, but the cold will go, I say for sure, it will go.
After some time
PS. So it’s races like that, they forgot to let the coolant in, they forgot to remove the tracks into the flexes.
They forgot something else, HZ something, but they forgot something.
Bullshit question, call the office, let them come to change under warranty, some defective got caught. That's because ********, ***** they will sell everything, and then suffer normal people. Although they saved on installation, it’s not so insulting, because their races are so.
A curtain.A manual for self-installation of split systems, FOR DUTTIES, STEP BY STEP, IN FIVE DAYS AND YOU Sensei air conditioning.