Salybaeva Angela Ramazanovna,
educator,
MBDOU TsRR d / s "Tanyusha"
Surgut district Fedorovsky village
Leading activities of children preschool age is a play activity. Didactic game is a verbose, complex, pedagogical phenomenon: it is and game method education of preschool children, and the form of education of children, and With independent play activity, and a means of comprehensive education of the child.
Didactic games contribute:
- development of cognitive and mental abilities: obtaining new knowledge, generalizing and consolidating it, expanding their ideas about objects and natural phenomena, plants, animals; development of memory, attention, observation; development of the ability to express their judgments, to draw conclusions.
- development of children's speech: replenishment and activation of the dictionary.
- social and moral development of a preschool child: in such a game, knowledge of the relationship between children, adults, living and inanimate nature, in it the child shows a sensitive attitude towards peers, learns to be fair, to yield if necessary, learns to sympathize, etc.
The structure of the didactic game form the main and additional components. TO main components include: didactic task, game actions, game rules, result and didactic material. TO additional components: plot and role.
Conducting didactic games includes: 1. Familiarization of children with the content of the game, the use of didactic material in it (showing objects, pictures, a short conversation, during which the knowledge and ideas of children are clarified). 2. Explanation of the course and rules of the game, with a clear implementation of these rules. 3. Display of game actions. 4. Determination of the role of an adult in the game, his participation as a player, fan or arbiter (the teacher directs the actions of the players with advice, a question, a reminder). 5. Summing up the results of the game is a crucial moment in managing it. Based on the results of the game, one can judge its effectiveness, whether it will be used by children in independent gaming activity. Game analysis reveals individual abilities in the behavior and character of children. And that means properly organizing individual work with them.
Education in the form of a didactic game is based on the desire of the child to enter an imaginary situation and act according to its laws, that is, age characteristics preschooler.
Types of didactic games:
1. Games with objects (toys).
2. Desktop-printed games.
3. Word games.
Didactic games - differ in educational content, cognitive activity children, game actions and rules, organization and relationships of children, the role of the educator.
Games with objects
- are based on the direct perception of children, correspond to the desire of the child to act with objects and thus get acquainted with them.
V
games with objects, children learn to compare, establish similarities and differences between objects. The value of these games is that with their help children get acquainted with the properties of objects, size, color. When introducing children to nature in such games, I use natural material(plant seeds, leaves, pebbles, various flowers, cones, twigs, vegetables, fruits, etc. - which arouses a keen interest in children and an active desire to play. Examples of such games: “Make no mistake”, “Describe given subject”, “What is it?”, “What first, what then”, etc.
Board - printed games
-it interesting activity for children when getting acquainted with the outside world, the world of animals and plants, phenomena of animate and inanimate nature. They are diverse in types: "lotto", "dominoes", paired pictures "With the help of board-printed games, you can successfully develop speech skills, mathematical abilities, logic, attention, learn to model life schemes and make decisions, develop self-control skills.
word games - it effective method education of independence of thinking and development of speech in children. They built on the words and actions of the players, children independently solve various mental tasks: describe objects, highlighting their characteristic features, guess them according to the description, find similarities and differences between these objects and natural phenomena.
V In the process of games, children clarify, consolidate, expand their ideas about the objects of nature and its seasonal changes.
Didactic games - travel is one of the effective ways activation of cognitive activity of children.
Didactic game in experimental activities - contributes to the formation of children's cognitive interest in the environment, develops the basic mental processes, observation, thinking.
The joint activities of parents and teachers - individual counseling for parents, information stands, folders for moving, thematic exhibitions with the proposed material - gives a more effective result in working with children.
For the development of children's knowledge about the world around them, their systematization, education of a humane attitude towards nature, I use the following didactic games:
Material used:
Games with objects
"What it is?"
Purpose: to clarify children's ideas about objects of inanimate nature.
Material: natural - sand, stones, earth, water, snow.
Game progress. Children are offered pictures and, depending on what is drawn on it, it is necessary to decompose the natural material accordingly, answer what is it? And what is it? (Large, heavy, light, small, dry, wet, loose). What can be done with it?
"Who eats what?"
Target. To consolidate children's ideas about animal food.
Game progress. Children get out of the bag: carrots, cabbage, raspberries, cones, grain, oats, etc. They call it and remember which animal eats this food.
"Children on a Branch"
Target .
To consolidate the knowledge of children about the leaves and fruits of trees and shrubs, to teach them to select them according to their belonging to one plant.
Game progress. Children examine the leaves of trees and shrubs, name them. At the suggestion of the teacher: "Children, find your branches" - the guys pick up the appropriate fruit for each leaf. This game can be played with dried leaves and fruits throughout the year. The children themselves can prepare the material for the game.
"Find something to show"
didactic task. Find an item by similarity.
Equipment. On two trays lay out the same sets of vegetables and fruits. Cover one (for the teacher) with a napkin.
Game progress. The teacher points to a short time one of the items hidden under the napkin and removes it again, then offers the children: "Find the same one on another tray and remember what it is called." Children take turns doing the task until all the fruits and vegetables hidden under the napkin have been named.
"What first - what then?"
Target. To consolidate children's knowledge about the development and growth of animals.
Game progress. Children are presented with objects: an egg, a chicken, a model of a chicken; kitten, cat; puppy, dog. Children need to arrange these items in the correct order.
Board games
"It is when?"
Target. Clarify children's ideas about seasonal phenomena in nature.
Game progress. Each of the children has subject pictures depicting snowfall, rain, sunny day, cloudy weather, hail is coming, the wind is blowing, icicles are hanging, etc. and plot pictures with images of different seasons. Children need to correctly decompose the pictures they have.
"Magic Train"
Target. Consolidate and systematize children's ideas about trees, shrubs.
Material. Two trains cut out of cardboard (each train has 4 cars with 5 windows); two sets of cards with the image of plants.
Game progress: On the table in front of the children is a "train" and cards with the image of animals. Educator. In front of you is a train and passengers. They need to be placed on the cars (in the first - bushes, in the second - flowers, etc.) so that one passenger is visible in each window. The first one to place the animals on the wagons correctly will be the winner.
Similarly, this game can be played to consolidate ideas about various groups of plants (forests, gardens, meadows, orchards).
"Four Pictures"
Target. Reinforce children's ideas about nature, develop attention and observation.
Game progress. The game consists of 24 pictures depicting birds, butterflies, animals. The host shuffles the cards and distributes them to the game participants (from 3 to 6 people) equally. Each player must pick up 4 cards of the same content. The beginner of the game, having considered his cards, passes one of them to the person sitting on the left. That one, if he needs a card, keeps it for himself, and also passes any unnecessary one to a neighbor on the left, etc. Having picked up the cards, each player folds them face down in front of him. When all possible sets have been picked up, the game ends. The participants in the game turn over the collected cards, lay them out four at a time so that everyone can see. The one with the most correctly matched cards wins.
word games
"When does it happen?"
Target. Clarify and deepen children's knowledge of the seasons.
Game progress.
The teacher reads interspersed short texts in verse or prose about the seasons, and the children guess.
"Find something to talk about"
didactic task. Find items according to the listed signs.
Equipment. Vegetables and fruits are laid out along the edge of the table so that they are clearly visible to all children. features items.
Game progress. The teacher describes in detail one of the objects lying on the table, that is, he names the shape of vegetables and fruits, their color and taste. Then the teacher offers one of the guys: "Show on the table, and then name what I told." If the child coped with the task, the teacher describes another subject, and another child performs the task. The game continues until all the children have guessed the item according to the description.
"Guess who it is?"
Target. To consolidate children's ideas about the characteristic features of wild and domestic animals.
Game progress. The teacher describes the animal (its appearance, habits, habitat ...) children must guess who they are talking about.
"When does it happen?"
Target. Clarify children's ideas about seasonal phenomena.
Game progress. Children are offered leaves different plants with different colors, cones, you can herbarium from flowering plants etc. depending on the time of year. Children need to name the time of the year when there are such leaves, branches, flowers.
Outdoor games
"What do we take in the basket"
Purpose: to consolidate in children the knowledge of what kind of crop is harvested in the field, in the garden, in the garden, in the forest.
Learn to distinguish fruits according to where they are grown.
To form an idea of the role of people in conservation of nature.
Materials: Medallions with the image of vegetables, fruits, cereals, melons, mushrooms, berries, as well as baskets.
Game progress. Some children have medallions depicting various gifts of nature. Others have medallions in the form of baskets.
Children - fruits disperse around the room to cheerful music, with movements and facial expressions depict a clumsy watermelon, tender strawberries, a mushroom hiding in the grass, etc.
Children - baskets should pick up fruits in both hands. Necessary condition: each child should bring fruits that grow in one place (vegetables from the garden, etc.). The one who fulfills this condition wins.
Tops - roots
Did. Objective: To teach children how to make a whole out of parts.
Materials: two hoops, pictures of vegetables.
Game progress: option 1. Two hoops are taken: red, blue. Lay them so that the hoops intersect. In the red hoop, you need to put vegetables that have roots for food, and in the hoop of blue color- those that use tops.
The child comes to the table, chooses a vegetable, shows it to the children and puts it in the right circle, explaining why he put the vegetable there. (in the area where the hoops intersect, there should be vegetables that use both tops and roots: onions, parsley, etc.
Option 2. Tops and roots of plants - vegetables are on the table. Children are divided into two groups: tops and roots. Children of the first group take tops, the second - roots. At the signal, everyone runs in all directions. At the signal "One, two, three - find your pair!"
Ball game "Air, earth, water"
Did. task: to consolidate children's knowledge about objects of nature. Develop auditory attention, thinking, ingenuity.
Materials: ball.
Game progress: Option 1. The teacher throws the ball to the child and calls the object of nature, for example, "magpie". The child must answer "air" and throw the ball back. To the word "dolphin" the child answers "water", to the word "wolf" - "earth", etc.
Option 2. The teacher calls the word "air" the child who caught the ball must name the bird. On the word "earth" - an animal that lives on earth; to the word "water" - an inhabitant of rivers, seas, lakes and oceans.
Nature and man.
Did. task: to consolidate and systematize the knowledge of children about what a person has created and what nature gives a person.
Materials: ball.
Game progress: the teacher conducts a conversation with the children, during which he clarifies their knowledge that the objects around us are either made by people's hands or exist in nature, and people use them; for example, wood, coal, oil, gas exist in nature, and man creates houses and factories.
"What is man made"? the teacher asks and throws the ball.
"What is created by nature"? the teacher asks and throws the ball.
Children catch the ball and answer the question. Those who cannot remember miss their turn.
Choose the right one.
Did. task: to consolidate knowledge about nature. develop thinking, cognitive activity.
Materials: subject pictures.
Game progress: subject pictures are scattered on the table. The teacher names some property or feature, and the children must choose as many items as possible that have this property.
For example: "green" - these can be pictures of a leaf, cucumber, grasshopper cabbage. Or: “wet” - water, dew, cloud, fog, hoarfrost, etc.
Where are the snowflakes?
Did. task: to consolidate knowledge about the various states of water. Develop memory, cognitive activity.
Materials: cards depicting various water conditions: waterfall, river, puddle, ice, snowfall, cloud, rain, steam, snowflake, etc.
Game progress: option 1 .
Children walk in a round dance around the cards laid out in a circle. The cards show various states water: waterfall, river, puddle, ice, snowfall, cloud, rain, steam, snowflake, etc.
While moving in a circle, the words are pronounced:
Here comes the summer. The sun shone brighter.
It became hotter to bake, Where should we look for a snowflake?
WITH last word everyone stops. Those in front of whom the necessary pictures are located should raise them and explain their choice. The movement continues with the words:
Finally, winter came: Cold, blizzard, cold.
Come out for a walk. Where can we find a snowflake?
Re-select the desired pictures and explain the choice.
Option 2 .
There are 4 hoops depicting the four seasons. Children should place their cards in hoops, explaining their choice. Some cards may correspond to several seasons.
The conclusion is drawn from the answers to the questions:
- At what time of the year, water in nature can be in a solid state? (Winter, early spring, late autumn).
The birds have arrived.
Did. task: to clarify the idea of \u200b\u200bbirds.
Game progress: the teacher calls only the birds, but if he suddenly makes a mistake, then the children should stomp or clap. For instance. Birds arrived: pigeons, tits, flies and swifts.
Children stomp - .What is wrong? (flies)
- Who are the flies? (insects)
- Birds have arrived: pigeons, tits, storks, crows, jackdaws, pasta.
Children stomp. - birds flew in: pigeons, martens ...
Children stomp. The game continues.
Birds flew in: Pigeons, titmouse,
Jackdaws and swifts, Lapwings, swifts,
Storks, cuckoos, even owls are scops,
Swans, starlings. All of you are great.
Bottom line: the teacher, together with the children, specifies migratory and wintering birds.
When does it happen?
Did. task: to teach children to distinguish the signs of the seasons. With the help of a poetic word, show the beauty of the different seasons, the variety of seasonal phenomena and people's activities.
Materials: for each child, pictures with landscapes of spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Game progress: the teacher reads a poem, and the children show a picture depicting the season that the poem refers to.
Spring. In the clearing, by the path, blades of grass make their way.
A stream runs from the hillock, and snow lies under the tree.
Summer. And light and wide
Our quiet river. Let's go swimming, splashing with fish ...
Autumn. Withers and turns yellow, grass in the meadows,
Only the winter turns green in the fields. A cloud covers the sky, the sun does not shine,
The wind is howling in the field, the rain is drizzling.
Winter. Under blue skies
Magnificent carpets, Shining in the sun, the snow lies;
The transparent forest alone turns black, And the spruce turns green through the hoarfrost,
And the river under the ice glitters.
Did. task: to clarify the knowledge of children about the flowering time of individual plants (for example, narcissus, tulip - in spring); golden ball, asters - in autumn, etc.; to teach to classify on this basis, to develop their memory, ingenuity.
Materials: ball.
Game progress: children stand in a circle. The teacher or child throws the ball, while naming the season when the plant grows: spring, summer, autumn. The child names the plant.
What is made of what?
Did. task: to teach children to determine the material from which the object is made.
Materials: wooden cube, aluminum bowl, glass jar, metal bell, key, etc.
Game progress: children take out different objects from the bag and name, indicating what each object is made of.
Guess what.
Did. task: to develop the ability of children to guess riddles, to correlate the verbal image with the image in the picture; clarify children's knowledge about berries.
Materials: pictures for each child with the image of berries. Book of riddles.
Game progress: on the table in front of each child are pictures of the answer. The teacher makes a riddle, the children look for and raise a guessing picture.
Edible - inedible.
Did. task: to consolidate knowledge about edible and inedible mushrooms.
Materials: basket, subject pictures depicting edible and inedible mushrooms.
Game progress: on the table in front of each child are pictures of the answer. The teacher makes a riddle about mushrooms, the children look for and put a guessing picture edible mushroom into baskets.
Arrange the planets correctly.
Did. task: to consolidate knowledge about the main planets.
Materials: belt with sewn rays - ribbons of different lengths (9 pieces). Planet hats.
It's so hot on this planet
It's dangerous to be there, my friends.
What is our hottest planet, where is it located? (Mercury, because it is closest to the sun).
And this planet was bound by a terrible cold,
The heat of the sun did not reach her.
-What is this planet? (Pluto, because it is farthest from the sun and the smallest of all the planets).
The child in the Pluto hat takes the longest ribbon number 9.
And this planet is dear to all of us.
The planet gave us life ... (all: Earth)
In what orbit does the planet Earth rotate? Where is our planet from the sun? (On the 3rd).
A child in a cap "Earth" takes on ribbon No. 3.
Two planets are close to planet Earth.
My friend, name them soon. (Venus and Mars).
Children in Venus and Mars hats occupy the 2nd and 4th orbits, respectively.
And this planet is proud of itself
Because it is considered the largest.
-What is this planet? What orbit is it in? (Jupiter, orbit #5).
The child in the Jupiter hat takes place number 5.
The planet is surrounded by rings
And that made her different from everyone else. (Saturn)
Child - "Saturn" occupies orbit number 6.
What are green planets? (Uranus)
A child wearing a matching Neptune hat occupies orbit #8.
All the children took their places and begin to revolve around the "Sun".
The round dance of the planets is spinning. Each has its own size and color.
For each path is defined. But only on Earth the world is inhabited by life.
Useful - not useful.
Did. task: to consolidate the concepts of useful and harmful products.
Materials: product cards.
Game progress: put what is useful on one table, what is not useful on the other.
Useful: hercules, kefir, onions, carrots, apples, cabbage, sunflower oil, pears, etc.
Unhealthy: chips, fatty meats, chocolate candies, cakes, fanta, etc.
Used Books:
A.I. Sorokin didactic game in kindergarten.
A.K. Bondarenko "Didactic games in kindergarten".
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The originality of the didactic game, according to A. I. Sorokina, consists in a combination of cognitive content, learning elements and game activities that delight children. The educational value of the didactic game lies in the fact that it is included in the piggy bank pedagogical means educator, is gradually assimilated by children and becomes the content of their independent activity. Certainly in the first junior group children are not yet mature enough to invent didactic games on their own, but they can successfully use games created by educators and older children, gradually mastering the world around them.
Of great importance in the didactic game of children 2-3 years old is the auto-didactic, that is, self-learning beginning: they pick up the details and fold the whole objects (pyramid, matryoshka); the device of such objects directs the thought of children to achieve the desired result. Playing with plot didactic toys (for example, nesting dolls), children endow them with human qualities, take care of them, and put them to bed. Thus, an object (toy) can perform a broad didactic function.
Didactic games specially organized by the educator fit well into the classroom. This manual presents scenarios of didactic games that can be used in classes in various fields of knowledge and in various types children's activities. Each area and each activity has its own specifics, a number of features, taking into account which the teacher will be able to most fully reveal the abilities of children, open up ways for them to act with objects, and give an idea of various phenomena.
Physical education as one of the parties personal development associated with health, physical and state of mind child, so physical education classes and leisure didactic game allows you to achieve emotional satisfaction in various types of motor activity, brings up the need for physical activity.
Mental education allows the teacher to open the way to the knowledge of reality for the child. Didactic game not only reinforces the knowledge gained by children, but also develops independent thinking, sensory abilities, activates speech development stimulates the development of curiosity.
Moral education is associated with the development of the child's norms of behavior, it contributes to familiarization with the moral values of society. In the didactic game, ideas about the relationship of people are formed, the first experience of interaction appears, which orients the child to an adult, a peer.
Labor education is designed to satisfy the child's need for self-affirmation, for the knowledge of their own capabilities. Didactic game allows children to arouse interest and respect for the work of people. For a child, a game situation associated with labor is always attractive, because through the game he seeks to become independent from an adult.
Artistic and aesthetic education gives the teacher the opportunity to develop qualities in the child creative personality(aesthetic perception and attitude to life, creative imagination and thinking), the foundations of which are laid in the very early childhood. Didactic game in creative activities (design, visual, musical activity, familiarization with fiction), according to T. S. Komarova, easily integrates a variety of content (word, movement, music, image), which helps children emotionally perceive and realize the images included in the game, understand their aesthetic character.
The widespread use of didactic games in the upbringing and education of children aged 2–3 contributes to their comprehensive development, makes the activity in which the teacher involves them more attractive.
Scenarios of didactic games
Physical education
Game "Cat and Mouse"
didactic task. Teach children to imitate the easy running of a mouse; walk with your feet high.
game task. Play cat and mouse.
Game rule. Move in a way that does not wake (or, if necessary, wake) the cat.
The teacher releases the "mice" children for a walk while the cat (toy) is sleeping. Mice "go out for a walk" (run to the music). The teacher advises the mice to run easily so that the cat does not hear them.
If the cat wakes up (formidable chords sound), then they need to run into the mink (on the chairs).
Here comes a new mouse (toy). The teacher invites the children to show the new mouse how to sneak so as not to wake the cat. The guys show - they all sneak together, quietly stepping.
Soon the mice decide to wake up the cat. They walk with their feet high and stomping. The cat wakes up and "catches" the mice.
Game "We are soldiers"
didactic task. Teach children how to walk with good posture.
game task. Play soldier.
Game rule. Act on the orders of the commander, do not make mistakes in the direction of movement.
The teacher brings the drum and says that a parade will take place to the sound of the drum, all the soldiers will go to the parade and show how strong and courageous they are. The teacher gives a drum signal (fraction), a march sounds (audio recording) and the children walk. The parade is received by the commander (teddy bear). He gives commands ("stop", "step march") and waves a flag. Children go towards the commander, then towards the drum at the command of the commander.
The teacher performs the song "We are soldiers" (music by Yu. Slonov, lyrics by V. Malkov):
Like our soldiers we go
And we wave flags and sing.
One two Three! We are going,
One two Three! We sing.
Game "Get the Carrot"
didactic task. Teach children to jump on two legs: with advancement, on the spot.
game task. Feed the squirrel a nut.
Game rule. You can "pick" a nut by touching it.
The teacher brings a squirrel (toy) to the group. The squirrel asks the children to play with her. To cheerful music, children jump like squirrels, trying to jump easily, on their toes.
The teacher invites the children to treat the squirrel with nuts that hang on the branches. Children jump up, trying to pick a nut (jumping up from a place), then they approach the squirrel and give her imaginary nuts.
The child and the environment
Game "Pick up clothes"
didactic task. Teach children to distinguish visually and by touch different materials; select clothes for dolls on this basis.
game task. Choose clothes for dolls.
Game rule. Choose the right clothes, do not confuse.
The teacher brings Varya and Borya to the group of dolls. She tells the children: "Kuls cannot find their clothes. After the walk, Varya and Borya threw their clothes on the sofa and forgot about them." Asks children to help dolls.
The game "Pick up a pair" is held. Children should select clothes for each doll and put them in a separate locker (box). Varya has a cap with a striped wool on his head, Borya has a blue cap made of fabric. Children select clothes (scarf, coat, trousers, dress, jacket): striped wool for Varya, smooth blue fabric for Borya and put them in lockers.
Didactic game "We go, we go, we go ..." for children 3-4 years old
Sydenova Alisa Dasheevna, educator, MBOU "Tagarkhayskaya elementary School - Kindergarten"Description: Dear colleagues, parents! I bring to your attention a very interesting didactic game on environmental education, which will help you and your parents in working with children of primary preschool age in this area. This material will help to give children knowledge and ideas about domestic animals and their cubs.
Target: to consolidate and expand children's knowledge about domestic animals and their cubs.
Tasks: Using literary works, activate speech, induce to statements, to onomatopoeia. To consolidate children's knowledge of the main colors of the spectrum, shades.
Equipment: steam locomotive with multi-colored wagons from waste material, pet toys, house, booth, animal pen.
GAME PROCEDURE:
Children, together with the teacher, like wagons, drive into the group to the poem: “The train is rushing”
Choo, choo
The train is rushing
To the fullest…
I puff, puff, puff
I'm hauling a hundred wagons...
Educator:
- Here's the stop. We have come to our kindergarten. In the meantime, we went to us so many guests came. Can you hear someone crying here? Children, let's see. Who is this? Look how many small animals are here. These are cubs. Why are they crying? (children's answers) They have lost their mothers.
- Who is here? This is a kitten, puppies, foal, piglet, calf, kid. How small they are.
Children look at them, imitate them.
- How many of them? (Lot.)
- Who is the mother of the kitten? (Cat.) Who is the mother of the puppy? (Dog). Who is the mother of the foal? (Horse). Who is the mother of the pig? (Pig). Who is the mother of the calf? ( Cow). Who is the mother of the goat? (Goat).
- It turns out that our smaller brothers also have mothers.
Educator: Children, let's help our cubs find their mother. We must take them on the train, and where they go, we have no empty seats. (children's answers).
Let's build a train for animals - kids. Look at how many boxes, cubes, and baskets are here.
- What will we build our train from? From cubes? No, it will be small.
- From baskets? No, they won't fit us.
- Let's build our train from colorful boxes. Each of you will take one box.
Children with a teacher build a train of colorful boxes on the floor. The teacher, turning to the children in turn, offers to attach wagons of different colors to the locomotive.
- This is what a wonderful composition we got from multi-colored wagons. What color are the wagons? (Once again, the names of the colors and their pronunciation are fixed.)
- Let's place our passengers in trailers.
Children put the cubs into trailers one at a time. They take up the rope and, together with the teacher, go to look for mothers for the cubs.
Educator:- Train departs. Stop. Look, some house, who lives in it? (Cat) Why is she sad (children's answers).
- That's right, she lost her cub. And who is her baby? (Kitten). Let's give it to mom. Let's find him in the trailer.
Quiet, quiet mama cat
Teaching kids to play
Roll the ball on the floor.
- Look, here's another House. This is a booth house. And who lives in it? (Dog.) And who is her baby? (Puppy.) And here are two of them. That means puppies. Let's give them to mommy dog.
Mother dog nearby
Don't waste time:
Teaches a cute son -
Lop-eared puppy
Be neat, tidy
Eat from a bowl and stew and sausages.
- Well, we found the mother of the puppy and the kitten. And now let's go further to look for a mother for the rest of the animals. And here is the stop. Look at the fence. This is a corral. Who lives here? Moo, who is this? (Cow.) Whose mother is this? (calf.)
A calf gallops in the meadow
Mu-mu screams
Calling mother cow
She drinks milk
And the calf and you.
- Oink-oink? Who is this? (Pig.) Whose mom is this? That's right, piglet. Let's give it to mom.
fat fat pig
He grunted cheerfully awake.
Piglet snuggled up to the pig,
To mum-pig, white-backed.
- Igo-go! Who is this? That's right, horse. Whose mom is this? (foal.) Shall we give it to mom?
The foal arched its neck
Strong horse baby
Just stood on hooves
He ran after his mother.
- Who's that? That's right, goat. Whose mom is this? ( kid.) Shall we give it to mom?
The mother goat has a goat
Licks horns, dereza,
Sweet baby's horns
A hard-nosed goat.
- Well, all the cubs have found their mothers. And it's time for us to leave the group. Mothers will also come for us in the evening.
The children are leaving with their teacher.
Alla Boyarinova
WE ARE DIFFERENT - IN THIS
OUR WEALTH,
WE ARE TOGETHER - IN THIS
OUR POWER!
Our kindergarten is visited by representatives of different nationalities: Chuvashs, Russians, Tatars, Moldavians, Bulgarians, Armenians ... It is very important for us that they feel equal, know and love the history and culture of their people, know and understand the culture of other peoples. The group is a small family. And I want kindness, respect, mutual understanding and peace to always reign in this family.
The didactic game is aimed at the formation of ethnic tolerance in children.
Target:
1. form the concept of national composition; understanding of neighboring countries;
2. to cultivate the ability to show tolerance, respect for the traditions and culture of other peoples;
3. contribute to the formation of ethnic self-consciousness, a sense of national self-worth;
4. to promote the education of goodwill, respect for peers of one's own and other nationalities;
5. to form the idea that different peoples live in Russia, they all have their own culture, traditions
6. to form in children a tolerant attitude towards the world around them, to acquaint them with traditions and customs different peoples, its history.
Activity progress: the teacher lays out a planar model the globe, around the petals with the image of various countries in a reduced form, in which people of various nationalities live.
Educator:“Guys, this “flower” is called “FRIENDSHIP OF PEOPLES”. See how many forests, fields, mountains, rivers, lakes, seas and much, much more are on the petals. Each country is rich in its own way, the inhabitants of these countries are very hardworking, friendly and welcoming, and they are our guests today.
The teacher lays out pictures depicting peoples different countries.
Educator:“But every nation has its own characteristics. I really want you to become travelers. Traveling is easy for big people - they get on a train and go, get on a ship and sail, get on a plane and fly. What about small ones? And it’s difficult for the little ones to do this, they don’t let one on the train, or on the ship, or on the plane. How are they to travel? Best of all, with the help of our flower "FRIENDSHIP OF PEOPLES", and our guests will talk about their country, big and small, but they are all equal! These countries are like sisters, and the peoples are like brothers! People of various nationalities - Russians, Tajiks, Uzbeks... - brothers! You will learn about the life of each nation, about its plans and traditions. It will be an interesting journey! So, go! The Baltic States opens doors for you. Come in!
The children sit down on the “bus”, and the teacher reminds us that our guests, representatives of different countries, are traveling with us, they will talk about their country, and we must find it on the “flower” of “FRIENDSHIP OF PEOPLES”, the bus will stop and guests will leave.
TEACHER:
“Estonia is a land, islands, rivers. Rivers flow calmly, and then suddenly they stumble. From what? And that's just like people. If a person touches the threshold, he will fall. The rivers touch the stone rapids and fall, people say: "this is a waterfall." Rivers flow into the sea, and there is a large cliff above the sea, it is called the Glint. From this cliff it is good to look into the distance. Today, Estonian fishermen sail not on flimsy boats, but on large modern ships, and not only in the northern, but also in the warm, southern seas. Meadows are green here, on which many, many cows graze. Estonia is especially rich in valuable minerals - oil shale. Oil shale is used to produce combustible gas, liquid fuels, chemicals and other valuable products. Estonians not only know how to work, but also have fun. In the country of Estonia there is a holiday, a song holiday ... The best singers come on this day to the capital of Estonia, Tallinn. The city blossoms with flags and becomes like a big ship. Fun and joy in the country of Estonia.
SIMILAR: Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Russia.
Educator:
- “So, now you have learned more about each other. We continue to get acquainted. Now we will play with you.
The game "Find a friend" - the children are divided into two teams into groups and stand opposite. Children of one group are blindfolded with handkerchiefs, and they (blindly) look for a friend from another group. After the choice is made, the teachers help to remove the handkerchiefs, and the children get to know each other while talking.
Educator: I see you have found friends, have you met? Did you know your friend's name? Let's see how strong your friendship is. The next game will help us with this.
The game "We can't live without each other."
The teacher puts several obstacles in the way of the children. The latter, turning to face each other, touch their palms and thus overcome obstacles (step over cubes, crawl up a gymnastic stick, etc.).
Educator:“Well done, I see that nothing can separate you. Now let's see if you can recognize your friend among others.
Game "Find a Pair".
While cheerful music will sound, children should dance in different places islands, but as soon as the music stops, you need to quickly find your friend.
Educator:“Well, guys, I see that you got to know each other well, you have a strong friendship.
Educator: “In parting, let's join hands again, make a big circle and say our motto: “Now we are all friends, together we are a friendly family!”
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Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: The teacher calls the animal, and the children call the cub in the singular and plural. The child who correctly names the cub receives a token.
Didactic game "Who (what) flies?"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, insects, birds, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The selected child names some object or animal, and raises both hands up and says: "Flies."
When an object that flies is called, all children raise both hands up and say “Flies”, if not, do not raise their hands. If one of the children makes a mistake, he leaves the game.
Didactic game "What kind of insect?"
Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of insects in the fall, learn to describe insects according to characteristics, to cultivate a caring attitude towards all living things, to develop attention.
Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. One subgroup describes the insect, and the other must guess who it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
Didactic game "Hide and Seek"
Goals: learn to find a tree according to the description, consolidate the ability to use prepositions in speech: behind, about, in front of, next to, because of, between, on; develop auditory attention.
Game progress: On the instructions of the teacher, some of the children hide behind trees and bushes. The leader, according to the instructions of the educator, is looking for (find who is hiding behind tall tree, low, thick, thin).
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"
Goals: learn to select verbs denoting actions, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer with verbs. For each correct answer, the children receive a token.
- What can you do with flowers? (tear, sniff, watch, water, give, plant)
What does a janitor do? (sweeps, cleans, waters, cleans the paths from snow)
Didactic game "What happens?"
Goals: learn to classify objects by color, shape, quality, material, compare, contrast, select as many names as possible that fit this definition; develop attention.
Game progress: Tell what happens:
green - cucumber, crocodile, leaf, apple, dress, tree….
wide - river, road, tape, street ...
The one with the most words wins.
Didactic game "What kind of bird is this?"
Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of birds in the fall, learn to describe birds according to characteristic features; develop memory; cultivate a caring attitude towards birds.
Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. Children of one subgroup describe the bird, and the other one must guess what kind of bird it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
Didactic game "Guess, we will guess"
Goals: to consolidate knowledge about the plants of the garden and vegetable garden; the ability to name their signs, describe and find them according to the description, develop attention.
Game progress: Children describe any plant in the following order: shape, color, taste. The driver from the description should recognize the plant.
Didactic game "It happens - it doesn't happen" (with a ball)
Goals: develop memory, attention, thinking, speed of reaction.
Game progress: The teacher pronounces phrases and throws the ball, and the children must quickly answer.
Snow in winter ... (occurs) Frost in summer ... (does not happen)
Hoarfrost in summer ... (does not happen) drops in summer ... (does not happen)
Didactic game "Third extra" (plants)
Goals: consolidate children's knowledge about the diversity of plants, develop memory, speed of reaction.
Game progress: The teacher names 3 plants (trees and shrubs), one of which is “extra”. For example, maple, linden, lilac. Children must determine which of them is “extra” and clap their hands.
(Maple, linden - trees, lilac - shrub)