Water accumulative tank. Cumulative tank for water supply. Membrane hydroaccumulator instead of the drive

Each owner of a private house is sooner or later thinking about the installation. autonomous System water supply. The fact is that to most country cottages For many years, never spent centralized system Water supply. As a result, the owners of the houses have only two options: install a cumulative tank or continue to wear water in the bucket.

Of course, the romance of rustic life has its advantages. But the lack of water in the house does not apply to them. This is a huge drawback that spoils all the pleasure of staying in a private house. The root changes the situation of water supply system with a cumulative tank.

You tear the house pipes and get hot water Wherever you need. True, that this is a reality to be installed in the water supply system of a private house with a boiler's cumulative tank.

Purpose of cumulative tank

This device can not be called too complicated. Nevertheless, it is indispensable in the water supply system of a private house. As already clear from the name, the cumulative tank serves to store water. Imagine the situation that you still spent water in the country, in your a private house. But the feed in such towns is always unstable. It is here that the reservoir comes to the scene.

Important ! The accumulative tank is able to accommodate a large amount of water and maintain a stable pressure of 24 hours a day.

The principle of operation of the accumulative tank in the water supply system of the private house is interesting. You do not need to include something or be afraid that there will be no water in the kitchen due to the fact that the device will take it all. The tank is invented extremely competently. It saves water in a little bit, creating a backup stock for critical situations.

What are the water supply systems of private houses with storage tanks

Tank top

In this water supply scheme of the private house, the accumulative tank is mounted on the second or third floor. You can also install a tank in the attic. The principle of work is the same as the water tower.

When installing the accumulative tank at the top in the water supply system of the private house, the water will flock through the pipes by a self-shot. This, in turn, will save you a lot of electricity and will save on pay for long utility bills.

Important ! Such a tank is extremely easy to maintain.

Separately, you need to talk about the power of the head. Despite the fact that the water goes to a self-shot, the pressure will not be particularly strong. More precisely, it directly depends on the height on which the tank is located.

For example, if the container is located at an altitude of about 10 meters, the pressure will be 1 atm. For ease of calculations, take a three-storey house. The height of each floor, let it be three meters. When installing the tank on the roof of the third floor - the head on the first will be just one atmosphere.

The main disadvantage of this systems is, with each floor the pressure will be all lower. And below. As a result, on the second floor it will be about 0.6 atm, and on the third and less. Although if you are going to install cranes only on the first, this is more than enough.

Important ! The tank occupies a useful space.

Very often the attic at the cottage use to keep there the dear heart things that simply do not rises to throw out. In addition modern technologies Allow a great room with all amenities from an attic floor. True, it will take insulation and waterproofing, but the result is worth it.

Tip! If you have plans for the attic, then you should not refuse them for the tank with the upper arrangement. Just make it outside the house on the flight.

Location bottom

If you want to use everything available as possible inside the private house, you will need this water supply system. Moreover, even outside the capacity will not occupy an inches of the Earth.

Tell me, it is impossible? In fact, everything is quite simple. The reservoir bursts into the ground and already from here is realized by water supply of a private house. Capacity does not need to bury deeply. Half meter will be enough.

From above the tank you can calmly grow flowers. In the earth, the water supply system of a private house in no way hurts. Capacity litter is not limited. But you must remember that the large amount is longer recruited, and accordingly, water intake in particularly hot summer days can become critical.

Important ! When choosing a capacity, you need to take into account the power of the water reservoir and its capabilities, as well as the needs of your utility household.

Unfortunately, the lower location of the water supply system of the private house has its own minuses. The most significant is the need to purchase a pumping station, and this is an additional cost of electricity in the future.

Underground capacity in water supply systems of private houses are made from special materials that are able to withstand increased moisture and even freezing. Nevertheless, breakdowns sometimes happen, and then it is extremely difficult to restore the system. After all, the reservoir is swallowed under the ground.

Important ! So that the water capacity served for you for a long time, the soil must be insulated. This will prevent the influence of frost on the design.

Put the tank in the ground

Installation of a private house water supply starts from a selection of a suitable place for installation. It is desirable that the design of the container has round shape. Note special attention On the ribs of stiffness, without them it will not work normally install the device.

If you buy a cumulative tank of any other shape and without Röber. About him proper montage We will have to take care additionally. This will require a concrete shell. It is she who will ensure reliable fixation in the soil.

In the upper part of the design there must be a special hole. It is best to perform in the form of a hatch. It is necessary in order to perform an audit from time to time, looking through the state of the accumulative tank of the water supply system of the private home from the inside.

Important ! The cumulative tank must be installed with no more than 15 degrees. This will make it much easier to clean, as the precipitate will be scaped just under the hatch.

Install and connect a cumulative tank

At the input tube of the accumulative tank for a private house, you must install a float crane. You also need to think about the overflow tube in case of breakdown of the float crane. It insures the system from fluid overflow.

Important ! Provided that the water is taken from your own source, through the pump, take care of the float switch.

At the entrance to the accumulative tank for private building It is necessary to put a filter. They are three species:

• centrifugal,
• cyclone,
• mesh.

Perhaps, best option For the accumulative tank of the private house, it is a strainer. Its price is relatively small, and efficiency is more than enough to clean not particularly contaminated water. The remaining two types are needed when the liquid has high level Pollution.

Filling the tank is best through the diffuser. This precautionary measure will prevent the raising of the sediment and getting into the plumbing. Top in the accumulative design tube is cut. It will perform the role of ventilation.

Important ! The hole of the pipe should be directed down, while you need to fix a special mesh to prevent garbage from entering the system.

The main role when connecting the water supply system of a private house with a cumulative tank playing a pump. It is he who is responsible for the delivery of water to the final consumer.

Important ! The suction pipe must have a check valve. It is installed on a pipeline leading to home.

Certainly, when connected, do not do without so important elements Water supply systems of a private house with a cumulative tank, like:

• water level sensor,
• float switch,
• protection relay.

All these elements in the water supply system of a private house must be perfectly combined with each other, and then everything will work perfectly.

The pump is connected to the pipeline by means of a reinforced hose. Most often outside diameter Pipes are 32 mm, but exceptions are possible. The pipeline goes to the drive.

In some cases, in private houses, cumulative tanks are installed between overlaps. In such cases, it is necessary to fastened from strong boards. This will allow you to easily distribute the load.

Connect the expansion tank

The expansion tank is slightly different from the accumulative. It is also called the hydroaccumulator. The role of this device is to compensate for the pressure inside the system.

Important ! In the tank itself, the membrane of changes in the volume, which ensures normal water supply work. Such a device is installed in heating systems.

If a expansion tank For the water supply system of a private house open type - It is installed at the very top. A closed design type must be installed in front of the circular pump. This is the most suitable place.

When connected, the coolant is supplied from above. Also in the system must necessarily be a pressure gauge and safety valve. Without this, heat-generation in a private house cannot function normally.

RESULTS

It is difficult to overestimate the value of accumulative tanks for water supply systems of private houses. They allow not to depend on the stability of water supply round year. In addition, due to the simplicity of the design, they are easy to install.

Expansion tanks for private houses perform additionally protection functions from the hydroudar and are most often used in heating systems. The best solution for the private house is the membrane type of device.

IN modern world No one surprises the system of autonomous water supply. Such structures are distinguished by practicality and convenience, but for their arrangement requires additional equipment.

What is it needed for?

In many cities, due to problems in trunk water pipes and pump substations, water in residential buildings Served according to graphics. Therefore, people have to store water in small tanks - plastic bottles and buckets. Those who have the opportunity is proposed to solve this problem with the installation of the accumulative tank.

But this method Eliminates the problem for a short time, otherwise uninterrupted work can be provided only by the expansion tank. There are a lot of such devices on the market of household goods.

To pick up the most suitable modelIt is necessary to study all the types of cumulative tank for water supply and know their principle of operation.

Also, the need to install a cumulative tank occurs in the following conditions:

• when organizing autonomous water supply, when due to small well performance, it will quickly be empty;
• when water is supplied with a pumping station, if frequent electricity interruptions occur.

Features and device

The accumulative tank maintains the required pressure in the water supply system. Most often for these purposes a membrane tank closed type. It is produced in the form of a tank with a rubber membrane inside. The membrane, in turn, divides the container into two parts, in one - airspace, and in the other - water.

The water supply device is used in standalone cold and hot water supply networks. In case of interruptions with water from the main source, the accumulative tank fills it from stocks. The tank is a hollow container that is represented in different variations and volumes. There are noise input and output nozzles, cleaning devices - filters, ventilation and technical revision. More expensive models have pumping systems.

The water level in the tank is controlled using embedded levels - electronic and float. The pumping station pumped the liquid from one source to the tank drive. The liquid fills the tank to a certain level, after which the crane is triggered with the float, which leads to the completion of the water intake process.

The pump electric motor after starting fills the water chamber. In this case, the air compartment decreases. The smaller the air remains, the more pressure will increase.

After exceeding a certain norm, the pump is automatically shutdown. It will turn on only when the pressure decreases to the minimum value. In this case, the fluid will come from the water compartment.

Turning on and off the pump is automatically. By pressure, you can follow the built-in pressure gauge. It can be configured manually by choosing the optimal pressure range. The following stage is the purification and aeration of water, after which water is sent to the water supply system when adjusting the water tap.

The cumulative tank simultaneously performs a number of functions:

• pressure stabilization when the pump is turned off;
• protection against hydraulic shocks due to air or voltage drops;
• preservation of a certain amount of water;
• ensuring the wear resistance of the pump.

The accumulative tank satisfies the need for water due to the stored liquid in the reserve. In this case, the pumping system may not be involved in low water consumption.

Varieties

Cumulative tanks are classified for several features:

• capacity form: Round, cylindrical, rectangular, non-standard;
• design: open and closed;
• material of execution: plastic, stainless steel, metal, polypropylene;
• internal capacity: 7, 20-30, 50 liters, as well as large containers per 80, 100, 200, 250, 500 l;
• purpose: for hot water with electric water heaters, for cold water supply, for heating and irrigation systems;
• mounting method: vertical accommodation and horizontal, indoors and underground, wall-mounted.

Purpose

The main purpose is to collect and storing water and other food, technical non-aggressive liquids.

Form and volume

When calculating the capacity of the accumulative tank, the following factors must be taken into account.

1. The flow rate of the fluid: everything consumes water in different ways, so it is impossible to advise specific values. For approximate calculations, you can take the average values.
2. Productivity of the main source of water. Much depends on the amount of fluid that comes from the source.

For underground accumulative tanks mandatory condition is round or ribbed reservoir form.

Materials

The accumulative tank is made of stainless steel or food plastics. The material must be high quality, otherwise in drinking water Various toxic chemical elements, harmful to human health, will be present.

Methods of installation

Installation of the cumulative tank is performed in stages:

• preparation of the base under water capacity;
• installing a cumulative tank to the base;
• installation of a float crane;
• doing holes for pipelines;
• inserting locking valves;
• installation of overflow pipe, which is displayed in the sewer and fixes to the walls of the tank;
• the attached tank is checked for tightness;
• tank insulation with polystyrene or mineral wool.

Consider more detail constructive features tank.

1. The suction nozzle must have a float crane. In the event that the fluid is pumped from the well, the float switch is used.
2. When breakdown, the float below the suction nozzle is cut into the overflow pipeline, which leads to the sewer system.
3. A filter element is installed on the suction. They are produced several species: mesh, centrifugal filters - pumps and cyclones. The mesh filter is installed when pumping exceptionally clean water, while others are for dirty. The mesh is recommended to be installed on the discharge line.
4. In reservoirs with opaque walls, the level gauges are set to determine the remaining volume of water.
5. It is necessary to take care of the methods of precipitate. Underground tanks are cleaned through the top hatch. Reservoirs installed at the top provide for drainage pipeswhich are crashed at the bottom of the vessel.
6. The tank is filled with nozzles for a shower or watering can, which will avoid mixing clean water with a precipitate.
7. Upstairs the capacity provides for ventilating pipe or breathing. It is bent in such a way that the inlet pipe was located below. At the entrance of the breaths, the grid is installed to prevent clogging reservoirs.

Criterias of choice

If a private house has several floors, you can install a storage tank in the attic. This will make it without installing the pump system. On the other hand, for a better pressure, you will have to install a reservoir at a certain height. There is also a question about the installation of hot water equipment so that the fluid does not freeze fluid.

When choosing a tank for water supply, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to its characterizing factors. When selecting the capacity of optimal capacity, the number of people who will consume water take into account. It is equally important to know the number of water intake sites in the apartment: shower, cranes, household appliances. You should also not forget about the likelihood of using water at the same time several consumers.

You need to pay attention to the maximum number of stop cycles and start in 60 minutes for the pump.

Connect to water supply

Connecting to the plumbing network is performed in several steps. When pumping fluid from a well or well, a pump is installed on the tank. Its view depends on the depth of the water source:

• less than 8 meters - superficial;
• 9-20 meters - a surface pump with the presence of an ejector;
• more than 20 meters - submersible.

A check valve is installed on the pump suction line. If the tank has a greater capacity, the boards are laid under it, for which the weight load of the reservoir will be distributed.

Installation of a float crane occurs as follows:

• the puck is put on the valve shank, then attach to the inlet;
• inside the shank are installed plate, washer and nut;
• outside to the shank screw the adapter to which the injection pipe is attached.

If the cumulative tank is installed at the top, the work is completed after connecting to the sewer and plumbing system, as well as the installation of the water heater. When an underground installation, you must connect the pump system with a membrane type battery. The pumping system must be ensured by protection against dry stroke.

Important nuances

The accumulative tank is installed on a prepared base of concrete, a metal frame made of profiled pipe. The base should withstand the weight of the tank filled with liquid. The pipe for input is manufactured by any diameter, water is pumped under excess pressure. The diameter of the nozzle for the output must be twice as much.

Installation insulating material Let only slow down the cooling of water in the tank.

In order for the liquid to do not freeze, during the installation of a cumulative tank, a system of heating of pipes and a cumulative tank is used.

System schemes

The water supply system scheme with an underground storage device is used at a small debit of wells and wells or with a small volume of fluid. In this case, the intermediate plastic reservoir is mounted between the consumer and the source of the liquid. The reservoir capacity is in the range of 200-1000 liters, depending on the need for the water of residents. The daily volume of water consumed for each person on average is about 200 liters.

The reservoir is installed both within the house and in the courtyard, in the soil. Installation underground has the following advantages:

• the possibility of applying heavy capacity reservoirs;
• does not occupy a large space;
• does not require additional heating in winter time of the year.

The underground tank should be ribbed, round, thanks to which the mechanical strength of soil pressure is ensured. The tank mounted underground is hardly flushing. If the suction nozzle is inside, then there will always be a small amount of fluid. This problem is solved by connecting the feed pipe through the wall of the reservoir. But at the same time, it is necessary to install a mesh-filter on the absorption.

The water supply system circuit with a storage tank indoor looks much easier than the underground water supply system. The tank is located inside the house, easy to clean and wash. Additional water pressure can be ensured by raising the tank to some height.

The tank must contain a valve for air supply, liquid drain into the sewer system and the reserve drain pipe in the sewer. An aerator is often installed on the equipment, and water comes through the watering can. This allows you to improve the quality of the fluid. Also in the tank can be located a large crushed stone. This will improve antimicrobial protection and water quality.

Centralized water supply

To connect storage equipment, the presence of a check valve at the entrance to the room is very important. It will prevent the inverse movement of fluid into the pipeline. At the top connection, the accumulative tank is installed in the attic or under the ceiling. It must have the top nozzle for supplying the fluid, slightly above - the fitting for discharge into the sewer system, at the bottom - for water intake.

What is necessary for a storage tank for the water supply of a private house located outside the city - the question you will not surprise anyone. Because these tanks today have almost any country plot. And they perform the functions of a conventional water drive. But the whole thing is that there are a lot of problems with water supply in the city and are connected with the lack of a central water supply system in country villages. Even if the plumbing is present, it works it no matter. Frequent water supply disconnection - number one problem.

Cumulative plastic water tanks

Today many residents country houses Local water supply networks are built, choosing well or well water source. But this is not a guarantee that water under the necessary pressure will continue from the crane. Why? There are several reasons for this.

• A small flow of a water source that does not allow to constantly make a fence in the required quantity.
• Disable electricity becomes causes to disconnect the pumps.
• A well or well clogs, equipment or main pipeline fails.

That is, it turns out that there will always be a reason that there is no water in the house. And these reasons periodically replace each other, and sometimes several are played at once. Some of them can be immediately corrected, others are waiting for their correction for several days. Therefore, the water drive for the house is the only correct solutionwhen the task is to provide a house necessary quantity Water in uninterrupted mode.

Constructive features of the accumulative tank

It should be noted that different accumulative tanks are installed in the water supply system of private houses. These can be simple tanks of metal or plastic, in which two nozzles are installed: one is intended for filling the water inside the tank, it is located at the top, the second is called drain, and is located at the bottom.

Through the first water is poured into the accumulative tank, so it is directly connected to the feed pipe. The bottom is connected to the sewer system. His destination is a discharge dirty water, sediment and contaminants that appear in the process of cleaning the tank. Mandatory in the design and the hatch through which the container is cleared. In some models, the third pipe is installed, it serves as a overflow system. This pipe is triggered only if the tank is overwhelmed with water. It is also connected to the sewage system.

Float Switch in Cumulative Tank

True, today the accumulative tanks of this type are the structures in which the float switch is installed. It regulates the water supply to the reservoir itself, turning off or including the operation of the pump. But the overbound pipe in these models is still set in case of failure of the float switch.

There are a few more additional elements In the design of the drive.

Water fence from such accumulative tanks is performed through a pipe that is omitted to the reservoir itself, and its free upper end sticks out of the top cover or on the side of the design. At the same time withstands one very important condition: The lower end used for water intake is located higher than the drain nozzle. Thus, a dead layer is determined, which will never fall into the system of local water supply. It is in this layer who settle solid suspended particles.

An important component of such models is the correct installation. The thing is that it is just a tank where water is poured. It will not move through the pipelines by itself, this will require pressure inside the system. You can create it in two ways:

1. Install the pump after the tank, which will pump water into the plumbing.
2. Install the tank itself to the pedestal, creating a system of overflowing vessels.

The first option is effective, but depends on the supply of electricity. And if it is still used exactly, the water drive for the house can be installed anywhere. For example, so underground, as shown in the photo below.

A variant of the installation of the tank and the pumping pump in, provided that the size of the tank and the pump will allow it there to placed there. In this case, the caisson will perform the protective function not only for the well, but also for the tank with the pump. This method is convenient because the main nodes of the system will be in one place. But for proper work Kesson should be placed below the depth of the soil freezing - this additional work. Plus the feed pipe is laid at the same level. Therefore, when it is malfunctions, it will have to completely refuse.

Cumulative water tank with installation underground

More often than all water tanks are installed on the pedestals. This makes it possible to always have water in the presence of the required pressure. Optimally believed if installing a storage tank in an attic room. True, these are certain inconveniences of its installation and maintenance, but this is how it is possible to guarantee the smooth operation of the water supply network.

Attention! If the attic of the house is an indoor room, then the tank and pipes must be insulated.

Currently, manufacturers began to offer the so-called membrane tanks for the water supply of country houses. These are the capacitance of the closed type, within which the rubber membrane is installed. They are usually called hydroaccumulators.

Closed Water Drives - Hydroaccumulators

The principle of such a water reservoir is very simple.

• The nozzle through which the liquid enters the tank is connected directly to the membrane. That is, the water will flow into it and will not come into contact with the walls of the tank itself.
• At the same time, the membrane when filling with water will be stretched to the volume of the cumulative capacity itself.
• Between the walls of the tank and the membrane is injected with air. The download is made at the factory. Its main functions - create pressure on the walls of rubber capacity to squeeze the water from it. In fact, it turns out that the membrane expansion tank for water supply at home is a kind of device that creates pressure instead of the pump in the local water supply system.

In order to be clear what we are talking about, you need to familiarize yourself with the Lower photo, on which the principle of operation of the hydroaccumulator is clearly shown.

Principle of operation of the hydroaccumulator

The membrane itself is made of a special boutique-based rubber, which is a bactericidal material, so that it is guaranteed to say that water inside the membrane will not be exposed negative impact any microbes or bacteria. Pneumatic valve is installed inside the chamber. With it, the pressure is regulated inside the system.

Attention! The hydroaccumulators are assembled so that they can be easily disassembled in case of prevention or repair, without merging the water from the rubber cavity.

There are a large number of manufacturers who are engaged in the production of closed storage tanks. And each offers their own models, but the principle of work is the same. For example, in the market today you can buy a hydraulician for the water supply system of the vertical position or horizontal. The main thing is to choose the right tank in volume to provide water house.

Hydroaccumulator in the water supply system

• By installing a closed tank of a closed type into the system of local water pipeline at home, it is necessary to properly select the diameter of the feed pipe and the inlet nozzle. If for some reason it fails to do, then you will have to mount the adapter between them.
• In the hydroaccumulators, the valve is specifically installed above 100 liters, with which air from the membrane is wateed. It can withstand pressure up to 2 atm. This air is distinguished from the water and occupies some volume by reducing the total volume of the tank. In the devices of a smaller volume of such a valve, therefore it is recommended to install a wagon crane or a tee on the tap line after the cumulative tank.

To the question of which membrane expansion tanks for water supply is better: vertical or horizontal? This does not affect the operation of the water supply, the choice will depend on the installation site of the device. That is, the convenience of location.

Installation circuits of closed tanks

Since the conversation is about the water supply system of a country house, then it is necessary to take into account that most often the local water supply rushing water from a well or well is organized here. The photo below shows the installation scheme of the expansion capacity, which is connected to the submersible pump located in the well.

Cumulative capacity in the local water supply system

What is the advantage of this scheme? It is necessary to take into account the fact that the pump works when the pressure is reduced inside the water supply network. That is, the consumer is turned on, the pump is turned on immediately. And the more water is consumed, the pumping unit is most often turned on and turned off. But according to passport data, this equipment may be included 5-20 times per hour depending on the brand and model. And what to do if there was more inclusions. This will definitely lead to the failure of the pump, besides, it works with almost such a system.

The closed-type storage tank set into the system solves the problem, because the water injected into the membrane reservoir is already under pressure, which means it will act on the entire waterway track. That is, while in the tank there is pressure, the pump will not turn the water, turn on and off will fall to a minimum. In addition, the hydroaccumulatory tank itself smoothes pressure on the network when the pump is started. And this is the absence of hydraulic shocks that can output the entire water supply.

For obvious reasons, hydroaccumulators are more efficient storage devices for water than conventional tanks. But they are more expensive, adjust the pressure limits, not having knowledge and experience, it is impossible. You can bring down the adjustment. Yes, and they need to be installed correctly.

Installation of a cumulative water tank

In this regard, ordinary tanks and easier to maintain, and easier in installation. They are inexpensive depending on the size. Such a cumulative tank can be made even with your own hands. By the way, K. accumulative tanks can be attributed not only finished goodssold in all building stores, or made with the containers with your own hands. Under them you can use wells or concreted containers. The basic requirement for these facilities is a complete tightness of the design, to ensure that it is easy to ensure that it is easy to construct.

In order for the water supply system to ensure maximum comfort to residents, it is necessary to take into account the set of nuances, to correctly calculate all operating parameters and engineering nodes. It is very desirable to start developing at the stage of the architectural project.

Imagine the ideas in life and equip the water supply of a private house with their own hands should if not a professional, then a person who is in all subtleties.

We will help you to figure out the principles of the autonomous system, we denote the device for various sources of water intake and provide recommendations for the choice of equipment. Phased instruction In the arrangement of water supply is supplemented with visual images and video rollers.

Water supply system is one of the most important elements in the improvement of the house. The essence of its work is the automated delivery of the required volume of water, for which the user is now only necessary to start the equipment, and then simply periodically control.

Independed from the central water supply, the autonomous network must be competently designed and is designed for the house to be fully provided with water according to the needs of the owners. It is necessary to organize the system so that the water is unhindered in all water intake points.

Gallery of images

For normal operation, the water supply system is equipped with devices and technical devicesproviding automatic or partially automatic operation mode.

To automate the process are used. It is used as buffer capacity For water supply and as a device for maintaining a stable pressure.

In the membrane tank there are two compartments - for air and water, they are separated by a rubber membrane. When filling the tank, the air chamber is increasingly compressed, which increases the pressure.

Autonomous water supply systems consist of internal and outer parts. Includes the pipeline branches of the same name, laid from the source of water intake to the point of water separation, reinforcement, plumbing, pump, cumulative tank or hydroaccumulator

Responding to an increase in pressure, the electrorelet turns off the pump. As soon as any of the owners open the crane, the pressure in the system begins to fall. The relay reacts again to lower the pressure and includes a pumping unit to replenish the consumed water.

The use of a hydroaccumulator in the water supply scheme allows not only to automate the water fence process and ensure its stock. Significantly extended the resource of pumping equipment due to the reduction of cycles on / off.

To properly select the system parameters, you need:

• Formulate requirements for the intensity and regularity of water supply. Possible in small cottage house You can do the system with a conventional accumulative tank and a minimum of sanitary devices.
• Determine possible sources, feasibility and cost of their structure, water quality.
• Choose equipment and calculate the options for laying engineering networks.

A well-designed system requires professional installation, the use of high-quality components.

Selection of sources and water intake

To organize a water supply system at home, most often use the groundwater, Having preferred by protected waterproof waterproof water horizons.

The points of their fence and location in the country site are not necessarily coordinated with the SES authorities if there is no artesian well to be operated. Special justifications are needed to use surface sources.

Using a well to organize water supply

The choice in favor of the well is most often carried out if the water lies at a twenty-meter depth.

Wells are two types:

• Artesian. May be depth from 100 m and more. Occasionally be fountaining if they are arranged in a distribution. The disadvantage is high price work. In addition, water may be strongly mineralized, which will negatively affect the operation of the pump and plumbing devices.
• Basins of shallow blowout (including Abyssinian). Their installation is much smaller, but the disadvantage is that over time they can be kept, especially if not used constantly. For water lifting, a special pumping equipment is required.

Wells are the most common water intake facilities.

Drilling wells requires space for entry and manipulations of large equipment. Often the absence of such space makes it very difficult to mechanized water source

Their design may differ, but the general is saved.

They consist of such parts:

• Mouth and aboveground. According to the rules, the mouth is shut-off in the underground chamber - caisson. If the caisson is not used to prevent the rainwater to be seeded in the well, build a hermetic head board.
• Stem, whose walls are strengthened by casing pipes made of steel alloy, plastics. Occasionally, asbestos-cement pipes are used for the arrangement of artesian wells at high depths.
• Water treatmentwhich has a sump and filter. In rocky rocks, you can not use filtering devices.

If the place fails to organize, for the export of water from the washing it will be necessary to rent a car of the car.

Gallery of images

The use of wells as a source of water

The well is built preferably from concrete rings, masonry, sometimes their walls are performed from wood. It consists of an overnight part with derived ventilation pipe, trunk, water-driven and water-receiving parts.

Water inside the well can act through the bottom or wall, or at the same time from the other. If the receipt goes through the bottom, swallowed in the sand, then it is supplied with a gravel bottom filter.

When the water is received through the wall, they arrange special "windows" from porous concrete, which fall asleep by gravel as an additional filter.

Device of tracked cameras when using spring

The device of the protective structure over the spring differs little from the design of the well. In them, water can also come through the bottom or walls that are equipped with filters. In rocky rocks, filtering is not required.

If weighted particles are present in water, then the chamber is separated by half the partition, one compartment is used to defend and clean the sediment, the other - for the fence of water.

For exit excess water With the highest debit of the source, there are overflow pipes in the chamber wall. At its end, the valve is installed, which passes water, but prevents the garbage and penetration of rodents to the spring.

Equipment for automatic water supply

The choice of the method of arrangement and installation of the water house water supply system begins with an estimate of the type of water intake structure, its depth and other characteristics.

The automated system includes:

• pump or ready pump station;
• filtration system for water purification;
• accumulative and adjustable container;
• external and internal pipeline;
• automatic control devices.

When installing tanks and pumps, it is necessary to clearly comply with the requirements of equipment manufacturers.

Adjusting and accumulative water tanks

The water supply capacity is distinguished by the principle of operation:

• Non-punched leather tank. Made predominantly out polymeric materials. Helps to create pressure due to the placement in the highest point of the system. The higher the cumulative tank is installed, the greater the water pressure will be in the system. Raising the container for each meter increases the pressure by 0.1 atmosphere.
• Hydropneumatic Buck. Inside it is divided into two membrane compartments. Creates a pressure due to the compressed air in one compartment, which through the rubber membrane puts pressure on the water in the adjacent compartment.

The non-valve tank is installed in a lit ventilated room, the temperature of which does not go down to negative values. Pallets are installed under the container to protect against small leaks. The tank is supplied with a removable lid and equip the locking reinforcement.

One of the characteristics of the operation of the pump equipment is the inclusion frequency of the system per unit of time. This indicator is fundamental in choosing a hydroaccumulator. At the submersible pumps, the permissible interval between inclusions is greater than that of superficial. Turn on it should be less likely, it means that the hydraulicum should be greater.

To work in a tandem with surface pumps, membrane tanks are most often bought by 12 to 24 liters. If in settlement There are interruptions with electricity, it is recommended to install a hydroaccumulator for 250 or more liters so that you can download and keep the backup stock of water for some time.

Hydroaccumulators are placed in the chambers under the ground, in basement, Speeds, in which the temperature does not omit below zero.

In a system with a cumulative non-pressure tank, the water supply process is automated using a float valve and a switching on and off sensor

Cleaning tap water from impurities

Types of pumping equipment and selection features

When choosing water supply equipment, take into account:

• Deputy Source. It must exceed water consumption in the house.
• Type of water intake construction and depth of aquifer. To pump out from sources to 8 m deep, apply surface centrifugal pumps. They are placed in basement or individual premises of private houses, in underground chambers or shaft wells. Pumping water from large depths is carried out by means of powerful submersible pumps.
• Required pressure in the system. The head of the pumping unit is determined by summing up the values \u200b\u200b(in meters): the height of the rise from the level (dynamic) water in the well to the most highly located plumbing device, the pressure loss when reaching the highest pointnecessary pressure at this point.
• Estimated water consumption. Calculate, based on the number of sanitary dots and numbers of living. This indicator affects the choice of equipment performance.

In general, the priority of actions can be described as follows:

1. According to pre-applied markup, the brackets for fixing pipes are fixed. If assumed hidden mounting, then the walls are pre-stroke, and then fasteners are already installed.
2. At the entrance of the pipe in the building, a ball valve is installed.
3. The collector is mounted, pipes are connected to it, separating them into several contours.
4. Metal-plastic pipes are connected by press fittings, polyethylene and polypropylene - welding method.

Before close the shoes, check the system's capacity. Inspect the quality of pipe connections, evaluate the operation of the pump and regulating automation.

Separation into several contours optimizes pressure, thus, when using one plumbing device, the pressure on other sites will not fall

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Important nuances on the water supply device in the house. Expert Tips:

Phased technology laying outdoor pipeline on a segment from the foundation of the house to the well:

Overview of the elements of the autonomous water supply system, pump types and connection schemes:

Designing water supply system, you need to consider what it is more complicated, the more comfortable to use. But the simple system is more reliable, less often fails, available for self-repair.

Therefore, constituting the scheme, it is important not to overestimate your strength and identify the most important functions that the water supply system should perform.

Do you have practical skills in organizing water supply your home? Please share accumulated knowledge or ask questions on the topic of publication in the comments. Communication form is located below.

In some cities, PGT due to the unsatisfactory state of the central water supply line, the pumping station, etc. water in private houses and apartments are served according to the schedule. Therefore, residents seek to make a stock of water in small capacity - plastic buzzha, buckets, etc. If there is money for care, from this inconvenient way to accumulate water, many owners are trying at home to install a storage tank with a pumping station.

The water supply system with a cumulative tank will help a short time (1 - 5 days), if it is not replenished, it costs without central water supply, and in cases of unsatisfactory pressure, increase it.

Consider one of the practical water supply schemes of the house (apartments) with a cumulative tank and pump to the existing pipe wiring.

Water supply scheme at home with accumulative tank

The diagram presented is easily integrated into the existing pipe wiring both in water supply with one central pipeline and with several. Its compactness is due to the use of free space over the tank, in which the pumping station is suspended on the brackets.

Picture 1.

Figure 1 shows the water supply scheme of a private house with two central pipelines consisting of:

• 1 - tank per 500 liters;
• 2 - pump;
• 3 - receiver (membrane tank);
• 4 - pressure relay;
• 5 - a bronze five-pointed adapter;
• 6, 17 - manometer;
• 7 - hose with reinforcing braid;
• 8 - check valve;
• 9 - Float Valve;
• 10 Americans with outdoor thread;
• 11 - American women with internal thread;
• 12 - bronze transition from the tank to the exterior thread;
• 13, 14 - MRN (coupling carving outdoor);
• 15 - MRV (coupling carving internal);
• 16 - bronze transition from external threads to the inner;
• 18 - flow meter;
• 19 - Mesh filter;
• 20 - 26 shut-off valves.

The suction injection and distribution line is made of polypropylene pipeline and transitions with 32 mm diameters (VSA) and 20 mm.

Principle of operation of the system

During the analysis of water from the central highway, the shut-off valves 23, 24 must be closed, and the valves 20, 21, 22, 25 V open positionThe voltage to the pumping station is cut off with a circuit breaker. Water through the primary filter and the float valve enters the container. When a certain level is reached, the valve closes, and to prevent leakage, which may occur during a damage or clogging of the valve, the water supply overlaps with a valve 25.

When the water supply of the house was stopped, the shut-off valves 20, 21, 22, 25 are closed and cranes 23, 24 are open, electrical power on the pump is resumed.

When the mixer is opened, water comes from the receiver, and with a decrease in pressure to the lower limit (1.8 bar), the automation unit includes a pump that supplies a liquid from the tank to the pipeline and the membrane tank. The pressure switch will turn off the pump when the pressure of 2.8 bar will be reached in the discharge system. The flow of fluid is cyclic, and the appearance of water in the urban energy network will signal the pressure gauge 17.

Let us consider in detail important storage device nodes to determine the installation method and the criteria for choosing equipment.

Electrical part

The station engine is powered directly from electrical counter via circuit breaker.

To protect the pump, quickly de-energize the engine in cases of unstable power supply or rotor overload, the machine is desirable to select 10% more rated power. For the station used in the engine example, the rated power is 0.77 kW, taking into account the requirements you need to apply a machine for 3.85 A ((770 W + 77 W) / 220 V), but the most close parameter - 5 A. You can apply the circuit breaker with differential control.

As practice shows, ordinary automatic switches With a close current parameter, it is well coped with their functions.

Possible options for pipe wiring

The water supply scheme of the house is designed with two central pipelines. Usually they are installed on a distant distance from each other. In this case, one pipe is mounted not far from the system, and the second is carried out in the corner between the wall and the ceiling, or in the tie of the floor. When choosing option 1, communications can be closed with a decorative box of GLC (drywall). In the second case, the screed is done by shial, it is preferably located near the wall, a pipe is wiring with all-in-mail fittings, a protective cover is installed on it and the entire line is hiding under cement-sandy solution.

Capacity and pumping station

A plastic cylindrical tank of 0.5 m3, with a cross section of 640 mm and 1840 mm height, with a thickness of a wall of 5 mm is used as the accumulating tank.

The pumping station consists of:

1. JEX 500 pump with low noise emissions capable of providing pressure in the system up to 4 bar. When applied in the apartment of a noisy unit, conflicts can arise with neighbors, up to court proceedings.
2. Receiver for 24 liters. Significantly reduces the hydraulic man on the pump arising during the testing of water, as well as increases the engine resource.
3. Special bronze five final adapter, with which the switching of all components of the station takes place.
4. Reinforcing braid tubes designed to connect the pump and membrane tank.
5. Automatic block (pressure switch) for pump operation in a specific pressure range.
6. Manometer. This device is not a mandatory attribute for the station, but on the basis of its testimony, you can check the tightness of the contour and configure, in cases of necessity, the automation unit.

The height of the ceiling indoor where the described water supply system is installed - 2.5 m. This distance allows you to install a station with dimensions of 600 x 400 x 400 above the storage device. For its attachment, brackets are used from air conditioners, and a rubber hose with a diameter of 32 mm and a length of 400 mm is used as a vibration laying and a length of 400 mm, cut along.

Water supply to the tank

The container filling through a plunger-type float valve consisting of:

• nozzle with housing and outlet;
• plunger with rubber seal;
• lever;
• float.

The valve of such a design is reliable in operation, but sometimes may fail due to foreign objects in the drain hole or the working space of the plunger, wear rubber seal. Its work is desirable to periodically control it, and after filling the capacity, the flow of fluid is additionally stopped with a valve 25.

Running the water supply system of a private house

Mandatory condition for the performance of the system before the first launch of the pump, in cases of complete emptying of the tank is the presence of water in the turbine and suction line chamber. If this requirement fails to comply with this requirement, the liquid will not go to the parsing point, and the pump elements will overheat and fail.

The order of filling the suction line.

Step 1

In the upper part of the turbine housing, the plug is twisted, and the watering can be inserted into its place (photo 7).

Step 2.

Under the case there is a dry rag for trapping fluid in the filling process.

Step 3.

Water is plastic bottle, not large portions, is supplied to the suction line until it expires from under watering.

Step 4.

Watering can be cleaned and installed plug.

After listed events, the station is ready for launch.

VSAs can be filled with a reversive method, that is, if there is water in the main pipeline, to eliminate the hydroudar on the blades, smoothly open the valve 23 or 24 and not to close it until the testimony appears on the pressure gauge 6.

The method of determining the presence of water in the central pipeline

Due to the pressure gauge, it is easy to monitor the presence of water in the central highway. It is usually installed after the flow meter, and for its operation, the shut-off valve 21 must be in the open position. Since the sensor's input port has 3/8 "threads, it connects to the fitting by means of a bronze adapter (16) with parameters: internal thread 3/8 ", outdoor - 1/2".

Emergency overflow and drain

To protect against flooding of the room in cases of overflow of the container, an emergency transfusion is installed in its upper part, consisting of:

• transition with a diameter of 1 inch;
• corrugated hose with a cross section of 32 mm;
• siphon for washing;
• fastening for sewer pipe 50 mm.

A tee with a tap for 45 degrees is mounted in an existing sewer. The siphon outlet is connected to a tee through a rubber transition from a diameter of 32 mm per cross section of 50 mm. For reliability, these nodes are treated with silicone sealant.

When there is no possibility to carry out a liquid supply with a pump (breakage, no electric power supply) Water merges through the emergency plums placed before check valve Suction line.

In this case, the drain crane 26 is located as close as possible to the bottom.

Search for leakage

Not tightness of the device arises due to:

• wear of the sealing laying of the toilet tank;
• damage to the rubber or ceramic seal of the mixer, shut-off reinforcement;
• the presence of cracks in the membrane or malfunction in the valve of the spool type of the receiver;
• use of components with defects;
• violations of assembly technology.

Signs of leakage in the system:

• there is no analysis of water, and the pump is periodically turned on;
• with a de-energized device, the station pressure gauge shows a decrease in pressure up to 0 bar.

If the above features appeared in the wiring, it is necessary:

1. Debel a pumping station.
2. Clean the valve 23, 24.
3. To follow the testimony of the pressure gauge 6, if they change, it means that the leak is in the fitting elements of the pump, the suction line, the pumping pipe to the specified valves, or in the receiver.
4. If the pressure is invariably, open the feed valve (23 or 24) and follow the values \u200b\u200bof the pressure gauge. When leakage is detected, we investigate the components of the system from shut-off reinforcement, to the last element of the water supply. The second tap is tested by the same system. All certain leaks with leaks must be disengaged or replaced. In the location of the pipes (if they are hidden in the screed), the leakage is difficult to determine, since, as usual, the materials are stacked on the floor, which repel or poorly absorb water: tile, linoleum, laminate, etc. Therefore, in such places when installing the water supply system Private home is better to lay solid pipes and avoid compounds.

Configuring the automatic block

The automation unit consists of a membrane with a working body, contact group, housing, adjusting screws.

Under the action of pressure, the rubber membrane is expanding or narrows, with its working body switches contacts from the "On" position to the "Off" At the factory, the manufacturer of the relay pressure is set to maintain the pressure of 1.8 - 2.8 bar, that is, when 1.8 bar is reached, the pump turns on, and at 2.8 bar it turns off. On time, the audit of the automation, which consists in cleaning the inlet (connecting port) and the surface of the contacts, allows it to work clearly without adjustment. But since there are adjustment devices in the relay, consider how the block can be translated to another response range.

Pressure switch.

If you twist the scrap band number 1 clockwise, the upper response range will increase, when scrolling it counterclockwise, this range will decrease. Nailing No. 2 adjusts the lower limit of the response. For quick achievement best resultAfter minor changes, check the results of the adjustment. The device is very sensitive and each, even not significant at first glance, the setting leads to a change in the response limit of the device.

Installation of the besson for the well.