There is quite a lot of information in specialized literature on how to propagate clematis yourself. Indeed, this perennial flower is very popular among gardeners, and many hybrid varieties are successfully grown even in regions with an unfavorable climate. This article lists the main methods of propagating clematis, gives a description of each of them, and also talks about the basic measures for caring for this perennial flower.
When is the best time to propagate clematis?
Most gardeners agree that propagating clematis by cuttings is the most The best way. Indeed, it is a priority when breeding many perennial flowers. This method allows you to preserve all varietal characteristics of plants during propagation. In addition, biological material for planting can be prepared not only in spring, but also in summer and autumn, when clematis can be propagated by green cuttings.
How to propagate clematis at home
In addition to cuttings, clematis can be propagated in the following ways:
- By layering. The procedure is carried out in early spring.
- Seeds. Planting takes place at the end of spring in open ground and in April - under film. Wild clematis seeds can also be planted in the fall.
- Dividing the bush.
The best time for this is autumn, but clematis bushes can be propagated by division in the spring, before the growing season begins.
How to propagate clematis from cuttings
- If the cuttings are prepared correctly and all planting conditions are met, the survival rate of clematis will remain at a very high level. In this case, for propagation, a bush no older than 5 years should be selected as a donor. He must be healthy and well developed. In order to properly carry out cuttings, you will need:
- pruner;
cutting board or just a piece of plywood.
In addition, you will need a special container for planting cuttings, filled with nutritious soil, as well as a root growth stimulator, for example, Kornevin or Kornerost.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings in spring
Important! From one mother bush, no more than 1/3 of all shoots can be cut for cuttings.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings in summer
Cuttings of clematis in summer are usually carried out in the last ten days of June or early July. Many gardeners consider this period good time for reproduction. Harvesting and cutting clematis cuttings during this period is no different from spring work. In summer, they can be planted in open ground, but it must be taken into account that rooting is better in partial shade. Therefore, cuttings must be shaded.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings in autumn
Cuttings of clematis in the fall are made from its flowering vines. Cutting and preparation of cuttings is standard. They can only be planted under film.
How to propagate clematis by layering
Propagation of clematis by layering is a fairly simple method. To do this, in early spring you need to select a good flexible shoot, lay it in a specially prepared groove and fix it on the ground. A separate clematis bush will begin to develop from each internode. After it grows to 10-15 cm, the mother shoot can be covered with earth. During the summer, the bushes need to be watered regularly and mulched in the fall.
They need to be separated from the mother plant in the spring, after they have overwintered together. The mother shoot must be carefully cut with a shovel, digging out young clematis bushes one at a time and planting them in a new place.
Important! You cannot pull on the mother shoot, as this will lead to the roots of young bushes being torn off.
How to propagate clematis by seeds
Most clematis varieties returned to Central Russia are hybrids. Therefore, the most preferred method of reproduction for them is vegetative. However, clematis can also be propagated by seeds. This method is often used for propagating wild, small-flowered plants. U different varieties different size seeds, their ripening period also differs. For example, seeds of small-seeded species can be collected 1.52 months after flowering, large-seeded species - after 2.5-4.
Propagating clematis by seeds at home is not difficult. Planting is carried out in open ground to a depth of 1 cm at the end of April or beginning of May. Before planting, it is advisable to soak the seeds in water for three days. Their germination period can range from 2.5 to 6 weeks, depending on the type.
If the seeds are subjected to stratification, they can be planted in April not in a greenhouse, but directly on permanent place growing, without shelter. To harden the seeds, after soaking, they are covered with damp sand and stored in the refrigerator. Many gardeners plant seeds in the fall, following the natural growth cycle as closely as possible. In this case, stratification occurs naturally.
Important! In case of shortage planting material seeds can be planted in March and germinate at home or in a greenhouse.
How to propagate clematis by dividing the bush
Like most perennial shrubs, clematis can be propagated by dividing the mother bush into parts. Moreover, this procedure is useful for this flower, since over time its root system increases significantly in size. There is literally no soil left between the roots, and the bush begins to lack nutrients and moisture. At the same time, the flowers become smaller, and the plant itself takes on a wild, unkempt appearance.
It is preferable to divide clematis that have not reached the age of seven. This is both a method of propagation and a procedure that allows you to rejuvenate the bush. You can divide the bushes in the spring, before the plants enter the growing season, as well as in the fall, which is more correct.
Important! Spring breeding By dividing the bush, the flowering time of the bushes is shifted by about 1.5-2 weeks.
Before dividing the bush, all shoots are cut off, leaving only small stumps, on which there should be two or three pairs of buds. The plant is completely dug up, but the soil on the roots does not need to be shaken off. The division is made with a sharp knife through the center of the bush. Each division should have enough roots, as well as 1-2 renewal buds. After this, the separated parts of the plant are planted in planting pits, while the first node should be 10-12 cm below the soil level.
You can divide a clematis bush without completely digging it up. To do this, dig a spacious hole on the side of the mother bush, so that the roots are exposed. After this, the clematis is divided with a knife so that each division contains shoots with a developed root system.
How to root clematis from cuttings
Easiest to use for cutting cuttings sharp knife And cutting board. This procedure is carried out according to the following scheme:
- The escape is placed on the board.
- Using a sharp knife, cuts are made 1 cm above and 5 cm below the internode.
- Of the two leaves growing from the internode, you need to leave one, the second can be cut off.
In this way, several cuttings can be obtained from one shoot.
Rooting clematis cuttings in water
You can root clematis cuttings in plain water. To do this, place it in a container of water so that only the lower part is immersed. To reduce moisture evaporation, the leaf plate is cut in half. It is very important that the water level is constantly at the same value; this must be monitored and topped up regularly. One jar can contain several cuttings at the same time.
Important! Cuttings take root better in partial shade, so the jar needs to be wrapped in a sheet of paper.
The light in the room in which the jars with cuttings are located must be dimmed. In 1.5-2 months, the length of the roots will reach 4-5 cm. After this, the cuttings need to be transplanted into soil, containers or a greenhouse. Keeping them in water any longer is strictly not recommended, as this can lead to their death.
Rooting in the ground
To plant cuttings, it is better to use special containers that can be covered with transparent material on top. They are filled with soil mixture or nutrient soil purchased at the store.
Important! You can make your own soil mixture by mixing sand and peat in equal proportions.
The soil can be scalded for disinfection. hot water or spray with a solution of potassium permanganate, diluted to a dark pink color.
The prepared cuttings are treated with a root growth stimulator, keeping the cuttings in it for 10-12 hours, and then planted in the ground to a depth of approximately 0.5 cm. The interval between adjacent cuttings should be at least 5 cm. After planting is completed, the plants and soil are moistened, then the container is closed plastic bag or film.
The necessary conditions for normal survival of clematis are the following:
- Air temperature + 18-20 °C.
- Air humidity 90%.
- Soil moisture 30%.
Excessive humidity, as well as elevated temperature, can lead to the death of cuttings.
Further care
For good rooting of cuttings, appropriate conditions are needed. They need to be watered regularly, and the ambient temperature must be ensured within + 20-22 °C. Containers with cuttings must be regularly ventilated; to do this, remove the plastic film for a while.
After 1-2 months the cuttings will have their own root system. At this time, they are seated in separate containers and placed for growing. In the fall, young clematis are put into the cellar, and in the spring they are planted in a permanent place.
Important! In the first year after planting, it is necessary to pinch the shoots and prevent the bush from flowering. This will significantly strengthen its root system.
Conclusion
How to propagate clematis, which method to use - this decision must be made by the grower himself based on his knowledge and experience. Many people consider this perennial to be a rather capricious plant that requires increased care, but this is not so. Even a novice gardener can grow clematis from cuttings at home, since existing methods The propagations listed in this article are simple and affordable.
Clematis is a fairly young garden crop that is rapidly gaining popularity among gardeners. It's pretty unpretentious plant. With proper care it can delight you with its flowering until late autumn. Clematis includes many different varieties. Such plants are ideal for decorating gazebos or pergolas in a summer cottage.
Sooner or later, every gardener begins to wonder about increasing the number of plants. How to propagate? most often bred. This method most popular.
Let's consider everything existing options how to propagate clematis:
Cuttings;
. dividing the bush;
. layering.
Method number 1: how to propagate by cuttings
The clematis from which cuttings will be cut must be healthy, otherwise the transplanted shoots will also be sick and may simply not take root in the new place. It is best to cut cuttings at the time when buds begin to form.
Usually the shoots are separated, which are then cut into cuttings: it is enough for them to have one bud. For quick rooting, it is advisable to use special preparations.
Method number 2: how to propagate by dividing the bush
Unlike the plant used in the first method (how to propagate by cuttings), clematis, propagated by dividing the bush, should be between 4 and 6 years old. Plants that more years, it will be very difficult to divide due to the powerful root system.
Transplantation is carried out in autumn or spring. old bush They dig up, divide into several parts and plant in new places. You can partially dig up the bush and separate the necessary part with roots.
Method number 3: how to propagate by layering
Not at all a labor-intensive way to breed clematis. In spring (can also be used this option and in autumn) small grooves up to 10 cm deep are dug from the bush. side shoots, fixed in the ground and sprinkled with earth. It is advisable to water the cuttings abundantly. And under no circumstances should plants be allowed to dry out during hot periods. You can replant new clematis to a permanent place after a year.
Some types of clematis can be propagated by seeds. This method is relevant for small-flowered species. Varietal large-flowered hybrids are not propagated by seeds, because new seedlings do not retain the properties of the mother plant. Therefore, clematis is most often propagated by green cuttings.
Despite the fact that these flowers have become popular in Russia relatively recently, they are gaining more and more love among gardeners every day. And this is not surprising. The ease of care and extraordinary beauty of the flowers, plus the unpretentiousness and adaptability of the plant to withstand harsh Russian winters, make clematis more and more popular every year, especially since the bushes do not require replanting and can grow in one place for up to 30 years.
And if the question arises “how to propagate”, propagating clematis with cuttings, as we found out, is very simple. And if friends or neighbors smell fragrant bright colors such a wonderful flower, maybe you should ask them for a small shoot?
When thinking about landscaping your property, first of all, you want to acquire flowering plants. It would also be nice for the flowering period to last several months, and ideally throughout the warm season. These plants include clematis.
It blooms all spring, autumn and summer. If the summer months are particularly hot, clematis can rest in midsummer. As soon as the heat subsides, its flowers will again fill your garden with fragrance. The color range of this plant is very diverse. And care comes down to feeding, moderate watering and shelter for the winter. This ornamental shrub will not cause much trouble, but in return will delight you with delicate and beautiful inflorescences.
How to propagate clematis?
This ornamental plant can be propagated by all known methods. The only difference is the amount of time and available materials. Therefore, when considering the question of how to propagate clematis, you need to start from the presence of this ornamental shrub on your site. If you already have clematis, you can propagate by layering or cuttings. Another option is dividing the bush. And if you don’t have these plants, you will need to purchase them or collect seeds. Before you start planting, you need to choose a place for clematis. Although this flower is unpretentious, it still has its own preferences. You need to choose a place for it that is windless and moderately sunny. You can plant clematis next to taller plants that will create moderate shade.
We propagate clematis by cuttings
The answer to the question of whether clematis can be propagated by cuttings is positive. Moreover, a method such as cuttings makes it possible to obtain a large number of seedlings. The cutting process can be done at any time of the year, except autumn. Let's consider the question of how to propagate clematis by cuttings in more detail. You can use both lignified and green cuttings. Propagation by green cuttings differs from propagation by lignified cuttings in the time of cutting. The process itself is not fundamentally different from cuttings from other shrubs. The cutting should be cut at an angle of 45 degrees, and there should be 2 nodes on it. And you need to take it from the middle of the shoot. It will be better for the plant if the cutting process is carried out in the fall.
To achieve a better effect, before propagating clematis by cuttings, you can acquire growth stimulants. They are sold in specialized stores. When propagating clematis by cuttings, you must adhere to certain rules. temperature regime. The temperature can vary from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius. The following phenomena are detrimental to cuttings: high humidity, drying out and overheating. You should also avoid direct sunlight. By propagating clematis by cuttings, you will ultimately get seedlings that have a strong root system. This is an undeniable advantage of cuttings over other methods of propagation.
We propagate clematis by layering
Now let's figure out how to propagate clematis by layering. The first step is to prepare the grooves, the depth of which should be 10 centimeters. The further process is very simple. Young shoots should be placed in these grooves. They should have 6 knots.
All that remains is to cover the shoot with earth. The soil can be additionally nourished or mulched. The top of the shoot should look out from under the ground. It is advisable to tie it to a wooden stick. In order for the cuttings to take root, it is necessary to water in a timely manner. The earth should not dry out. Then, as the tops grow, the process is repeated. And in the spring you can separate young clematis from the mother bush and replant it in a place prepared for them.
We propagate clematis by seeds
This is perhaps the most troublesome way to get clematis. From seeds, a plant may not turn out the same as its parent. If you buy clematis seeds, then there is no need to do anything with them. You can start sowing immediately. If you collect seeds, then you need to select only large samples. There are 2 sowing options: in pots or open ground. Let's look at both.
Sowing in open ground
This ornamental shrub can be sown both in autumn and spring. Before sowing, you need to stock up on a certain amount of sand. Because the seeds will need to be sprinkled with it. If you decide to sow clematis in the spring, then you first need to keep the seeds for 3 months at a temperature of 0 to 5 degrees Celsius. Such measures will accelerate the germination and germination of the plant. Seeds are poured onto the surface of the earth, and a layer of sand is sprinkled on top. It is desirable that the air temperature during seed germination be from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius.
Sowing in pots
If sowing is done in pots or special boxes, then the soil must be half sand. Pour soil into the container, then seeds, sprinkle with sand. The temperature should be, as when planting in open ground, from 25 to 30 degrees Celsius.
After the seeds have been planted, timely watering must be ensured. If planted in open ground, weeding will also be required. If all the conditions have been met, then sprouts will soon appear, which need a lot of light, humidity and a certain thermal regime. However, they should not be exposed to direct sunlight.
After the first leaves appear, clematis needs to be pruned. And after the bush begins to produce shoots, they need to be pinched. It should be remembered that if there are several clematis, then the distance between them should be at least 20 centimeters. If planting and care have been carried out properly, you will receive an ornamental shrub with a strong root system and a luxurious crown.
To prevent the root system of clematis from suffering in winter, the plant must be planted in a trench, the depth of which is on average 6 centimeters. The shoots in front of the shelter are cut so that 2-3 nodes remain. Although the characteristics of the clematis type play a big role here - there are varieties that are not pruned.
Reproduction of clematis by dividing the bush
Before considering the question of how to propagate clematis by dividing the bush, you need to make a reservation that this can only be done with a plant that is at least 3 years old. Due to the large dimensions of the ornamental shrub, this method cannot be called very convenient. Although it makes it possible to obtain an already formed healthy bush. It is advisable to do this in the fall, and as carefully as possible, trying not to damage the root system. Can be divided into several parts. The main thing is to remember that each resulting plant must have at least 4 shoots.
Advantages and disadvantages of clematis propagation methods
We looked at several ways to propagate this ornamental shrub. You can get clematis from seeds by cuttings, dividing the bush or layering. The simplest and most reliable is propagation by layering and dividing the bush. In second place you can put cuttings of shrubs, but getting a plant from seeds is quite a troublesome task. Although if we talk about efficiency, cuttings should still be put in first place. When growing a shrub from seeds, you may not get what you expected. Which is also difficult to attribute to the advantages of this method.
How to properly propagate clematis was described above. However, I would like to emphasize that you can get a strong plant only by adhering to the temperature regime and care rules.
Care
We figured out how to propagate clematis. I would like to say a few words about caring for this wonderful plant. In order for it to feel comfortable, it is necessary to loosen the soil and feed the bushes. They don't like clematis acidic soil and cannot tolerate stagnant water. Therefore, watering should be moderate, but the presence of peat or manure can destroy ornamental shrubs. You also need to remember about the fertilizers that clematis need. After all, in order to bloom, a plant needs a lot of strength.
In parallel with planting, it is necessary to take care of the supports, since clematis are shrubby vines. Before propagating clematis, it is necessary to build arches. These ornamental shrubs can perfectly act as a hedge or decorate the walls of a house. However, in the second case, you should remember that you need to leave at least 40 centimeters of free space between the wall of the house and the clematis. And between the bushes themselves, if there are several of them, you need to leave at least 30 centimeters of free space. You also need to make sure that the clematis will not be exposed to water running off the roofs.
Well, a few words about how clematis endures winter. It belongs to frost-resistant plants. If all planting rules are followed, then the root system is not afraid of frost. But the Achilles heel of the plant is the root collar. It is on this that they are located flower buds, which will put out vines in the spring. To protect it from frost, after pruning, clematis is covered with ash and sand and covered with spruce branches. For most varieties, such a covering is sufficient, and owners of capricious clematis can additionally build a roof from scrap materials. Boards, plywood or slate are suitable for this. But you shouldn’t cover it before frost sets in. When the temperature drops, clematis not only feels great, but also gets healthier, as the plant hardens and diseases freeze out.
The magnificent extravaganza of large clematis flowers rarely leaves anyone indifferent. Even the most unattractive buildings, entwined with plants, are transformed. To decorate other corners of your own garden with clematis, it is not necessary to buy young seedlings. Take advantage of one of the most effective ways propagation of clematis by cuttings.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings in autumn - preparation of material
For autumn propagation of clematis by cuttings, not young green shoots are used, but slightly lignified ones. Of course, such cuttings take root and take root much worse, since with the arrival of autumn the plant enters a period of dormancy. However, with proper care, your event will most likely end successfully.
To propagate clematis in the fall, use the middle part of a long woody shoot. It is cut into cuttings about ten centimeters long. It is important that each segment consists of one internode with leaves on the sides and developed buds. Moreover, the cuttings are cut in such a way that the distance under the internode is two to three centimeters, and above it – one to one and a half centimeters. The cut must be made at an angle, large leaves It is recommended to shorten the cuttings by half.
Propagation of clematis by layering in autumn - soil preparation
Selecting the right soil will allow you to grow new plants with maximum success. Light, non-greasy soil with good breathable properties is suitable for clematis. It is important that the substrate retains moisture well, which is necessary for the formation of the root system.
A mixture of one part humus or peat and two parts sand is perfect for this purpose. Vermiculite or coconut fiber tablets can be used as soil.
Planting clematis cuttings in the ground
For cuttings use small pots or plastic cups. Each container is filled with prepared soil and then watered. The cuttings are then inserted into the soil with the long end cut off at an angle so that the internode is half in the ground. It is at this point that small roots will form.
Clematis cuttings in spring and autumn
By the way, to speed up root formation before planting, the cuttings can be left for several hours in a solution of “Kornevin”, “Heteroauxin” or “KornyaSuper” or simply dipped into the powder at the end. Containers with cuttings are placed in a warm place (about +25 degrees) or covered with film. To provide high level humidity, the cuttings are sprayed with a spray bottle up to two to three times a day. As a rule, rooting occurs within a month to a month and a half. For the winter, young plants are placed in a cellar or basement.
Clematis: summer rooting of green cuttings
Large-flowered clematis in bloom is a Miracle from which it is impossible to take your eyes off. Huge clematis flowers have some kind of attractive power...
These gorgeous clematis were demonstrated at one of the flower exhibitions in Chelsea.
The demand of Russian flower growers for large-flowered clematis of various varieties is very high. But our assortment and offer of clematis sellers is still small. Therefore, prices for clematis seedlings are high; and beautiful new varieties are, naturally, very expensive. And not every gardener can afford these prices.
Unfortunately, there is now a tendency for prices to continue to rise due to the rise in demand for clematis seedlings, since the past abnormal winter caused enormous damage to these plants in our gardens.
By the way, at the same time I would like to note: do not rush to dig up supposedly frozen clematis bushes, since sprouts from at least a few surviving roots can germinate even after two years!
In such a situation it is especially important vegetative propagation clematis.
For example, if in the summer you can take at least a small green shoot from a clematis vine you like and root the cuttings, then young plants will soon develop from them - your own Miracle, which will one day bloom!
There are many ways to propagate clematis vegetatively, including:
— vaccination;
- rooting cuttings.
Some experts prefer grafting, rightly noting that clematis cuttings do not always root successfully (if you have cutting skills, about 60-90%).
In addition, in the summer, at the very height of growth and at the beginning of flowering, it is a great pity to cut into cuttings a strong growing shoot of clematis, which is about to give long-awaited wonderful flowers...
Cutting period and rooting conditions for clematis cuttings
If there is a greenhouse and successfully overwintered mother large-flowered clematis in pots, cuttings of awakened vertical lignified shoots are made in early spring.
Later, clematis cuttings take root most successfully in the shoot budding phase, when they contain the maximum amount of their own biostimulants.
For clematis varieties that bloom on last year's shoots (provided they are successfully preserved in winter), cuttings can begin at the end of May before flowering, and also after flowering - until the end of June-beginning of July.
In summer (June-July), green clematis cuttings are usually rooted in cuttings - in pots, boxes or directly in the open ground of the garden.
If necessary, you can first carry out summer rooting of prepared clematis cuttings at home, in water.
And at the end of summer (August), and even in September, high-quality green cuttings can also be cut and rooted from actively flowering clematis vines (but their rooting during this period should only take place in closed ground).
Thus, harvesting and rooting cuttings in spring and summer from new growing shoots from properly pruned and fertilized mother clematis can last for a fairly long period.
Clematis propagation
At the same time, more than a third of the total number of shoots should not be cut off from each bush to ensure its further normal growth.
It is better to take cuttings from young strong clematis plants (2-3 year old seedlings), which have the greatest growth energy compared to older specimens.
Important: the uppermost, soft part of the clematis shoot with buds, up to the first or second true leaf, is not suitable for green cuttings.
The most preferable for cutting cuttings is the middle part of the shoot, in the nodes of which developed vegetative buds are visible.
So, from the middle part of a strong shoot of clematis, cuttings are cut with one node having two buds in the axils of a pair of leaves. Wherein top part The cutting above the node for ease of planting is usually 2-3 cm.
It is better to make the lower oblique cut of the cutting under the node at a distance of 3-5 cm. As practice has shown, it is undesirable to leave the lower internode longer, since in this case the sub-bud part of the cutting may break when transplanting the seedling to a permanent place.
The leaves on the clematis cuttings evaporate a lot of moisture, so one leaf is cut off completely (only part of its petiole is left next to the bud, so as not to damage it when cutting the leaf). The second leaf of the cutting is shortened by half.
Immediately after cutting, clematis cuttings are ready for rooting. For faster and more reliable rooting of cuttings, you can pre-treat them with a growth stimulator.
Conditions for rooting clematis cuttings in water
For convenience, several prepared clematis cuttings can be tied into a bundle, but in such a way that their lower ends are at the same level.
For water rooting of clematis cuttings, it is better to take a brown pharmaceutical container. If you don’t have a dark container, you can use a regular glass jar, after wrapping it in thick, light-proof paper.
It is advisable to collect clean rainwater and put pieces of charcoal in it.
Important: you need to pour just enough water into the bottle so that only the tips of the cuttings touch it, without getting the nodes with buds wet.
In the future, as its level decreases, it is necessary to regularly and timely add water to the original volume.
Place the bottle with cuttings in a large plastic bottle, not completely cut across, with the lid screwed on. This creates the necessary greenhouse effect for rooted plants, slowing down the evaporation of water and accelerating the formation of roots.
Clematis cuttings should be in a warm, bright place (preferably +22...25 degrees, but not higher than +30 degrees), protected from direct sunlight. In such conditions, they take root in water for about two months.
After about 4 weeks, a root growth (callus) forms on the cut ends of the cuttings, from which the rudiments of the main mass of the roots of the future seedling soon appear.
When the length of the formed young roots reaches 3 cm, it is time to plant the rooted clematis cuttings in individual pots.
Also, be sure to place pots with young clematis for rooting in a common greenhouse (under glass or film) to ensure high air humidity. Then the process of rooting cuttings in the substrate will go faster, and most importantly, dormant buds in the nodes will be preserved. Otherwise, if there is insufficient air humidity, the vegetative buds will dry out, and then the rooted cuttings will die.
Conditions for rooting clematis cuttings in the substrate
Harvested clematis cuttings can be immediately planted for rooting in loose soil. fertile substrate:
- individually (for example, in large transparent cups with drainage holes made at the bottom);
- together into a common cutting, but in this case it will be impossible to control the process of root formation in each cutting.
When using a cutting box to root clematis cuttings, it is filled with a layer of drainage and then with substrate.
The bottom layer of the substrate (about 25 cm) should consist of mature compost or humus. Perlite or washed coarse river sand, or a mixture of sand and high-moor peat in equal parts is used as the top layer (about 5 cm).
The soil of the cuttings is carefully leveled, easily compacted, and moistened abundantly.
Clematis cuttings are planted in the substrate using a peg so that the upper part of the node of each cutting with buds is on the surface of the soil, but at the same time the base of the node has close contact with the substrate. In this case, when correct landing In cuttings, the root system grows not only from the callus, but also from the subbud zone of the node, and in some cases also from the internode tissue.
After planting the cuttings, very careful watering is done.
For rooting clematis cuttings, high air humidity is provided using film or glass, while ensuring timely watering and regular spraying of plants.
Maintenance and wintering of large-flowered clematis cuttings
Clematis cuttings planted for rooting in the substrate acquire developed roots in about 1.5-2 months.
The hardening time is coming - it’s time to accustom the plants to fresh air by regularly ventilating the greenhouse, opening it more and more every day long time. After two weeks, clematis, accustomed to fresh air, can be opened completely.
Now, similarly and gradually, it is necessary to accustom the cuttings to direct sunlight.
A peculiarity of different varieties of large-flowered clematis seedlings grown from cuttings is that they behave differently in the process of growing roots.
The best option: when vegetative buds do not wake up during rooting of cuttings. And then hardened young clematis seedlings with dormant buds usually overwinter successfully and produce strong shoots in the spring.
It’s worse when the vegetative buds of rooted cuttings begin to grow in the fall - after all, winter is ahead, and new shoots will definitely not have time to ripen. Such “hurried” cuttings overwinter much worse, and the plants that survive in the spring awaken late. Therefore, it is dangerous to leave sprouted cuttings in open ground. For such tender young clematis, it is necessary to provide more favorable and reliable wintering conditions (for example, in a cellar or in a garden trench).
Ungerminated cuttings that have successfully taken root in a greenhouse can be left for the winter at the rooting site, carefully covering the young clematis in the fall so that the substrate does not freeze deeply in winter.
However, in regions with harsh winters, it is safer to dig up rooted clematis cuttings, sort them by root size, dig the seedlings into containers and place them for wintering in a frost-free, cold place.
After a favorable winter, clematis cuttings planted in the spring with good roots they begin to grow together, quickly forming a strong root system and strong shoots.
It is better to plant cuttings with a weaker root system for growing in a special bed, providing them with careful care. Such plants can be planted in a permanent place in the next gardening season.
For clematis cuttings rooted in early spring from awakened woody shoots, there are other planting features - this is the topic of another article.
Elena Yurievna Ziborova
Gardenia.ru Floriculture: Pleasure and Benefit
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The process of budding in clematis is a signal for vegetative propagation.
However, before you start cuttings, feed the plant.
Why is this method of propagation called “green cuttings”? Yes, because the cuttings are cut directly from the growing vine. In this case, only the middle part of the shoot (before the flowers) is taken. The shoot is cut into cuttings with one or two nodes. The upper cut of the cutting is made at a distance of 2-3 cm from the node, the bottom cut is made oblique at a distance of 1-2 cm.
The lower sections of the cuttings are treated with “root”.
Loose soil with sand and perlite are suitable as a substrate for cuttings. Important condition- the substrate must be sterile. The cutting is placed in a layer of coarse sand, which is poured on top of the substrate to a height of 4-5 cm.
The cuttings must be planted at an angle so that the buds are flush with the soil or buried. If the cutting has one node, remove one leaf or shorten both leaves by half to reduce moisture evaporation. The cuttings are planted so that the leaves do not touch each other or the ground, otherwise the leaves will turn black and the cuttings will die.
Caring for cuttings
To root green planted cuttings, a number of conditions must be met. Cuttings need spraying 3-5 times a day. Air humidity should be 85-95%. Green cuttings are afraid of direct rays of the sun, so they need to be shaded. They need weeding and ventilation. The air temperature should be between 22-25°C, but not higher than 30°C.
Rooting of cuttings usually lasts 1-2 months (it all depends on the variety). TO sunlight they are taught gradually. With the onset of autumn, the frames or film are removed. If all these conditions are met, the percentage of rooted cuttings is usually 60-90%.
Rooted cuttings overwinter in open ground, but they must be carefully covered. In the spring, 1-2 shoots will appear from the overwintered buds, and the plants can be planted.
In addition, clematis can be propagated by layering, dividing the bush and seeds.
The most reliable way is to propagate clematis layering.
Its essence lies in the fact that the clematis shoot is completely buried in the ground and during the summer a young bush grows from each internode.
It is most convenient to do this in early spring. When, after wintering, you lift and tie clematis to supports, choose a good shoot that has not been broken over the winter.
4 ways to propagate clematis in the fall at home
Place it in the prepared groove (groove depth 7-8 cm). The shoot will bend and puff up, so it will have to be pressed to the ground with some kind of hooks.
If you are breeding clematis and you need a lot of seedlings, then bury not one, but 2 or 5 shoots, but do not bury the ends of them: they should look out of the ground at least 20 cm. You should not fall asleep right away either. Let them lie in the furrows until the young shoots grow 10 - 15 cm. Then cover them with humus or soft earth.
In the future, pinch the shoots and mulch everything around. Of course, the ground here should be moist throughout the summer. That's all. All that remains is to wait until next spring and plant the cuttings. It is better not to do this in the fall; let them overwinter in conjunction with the mother plant, and cover them with leaves or pine needles for the winter. As you can see, propagation of clematis in this way is available to everyone.
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How to grow clematis from cuttings
Growing seedlings from cuttings is the main method I use for summer propagation of clematis from early June to mid-August, but not later, so that the clematis cuttings have time to take root before the autumn frosts.
I cut cuttings from the middle part of a lignified, well-developed shoot. I do not use the lower part with poorly developed buds and the upper unripe part. You cannot cut the entire bush into cuttings; it is advisable to use no more than 1/3 of it. The cutting should have one node with two well-developed vegetative buds. The length of the cutting from below under the node is 7-8 cm, from above above the node 1.5-2 cm. I cut the leaves of the cuttings in half.
If you need to root a small number of cuttings, you can build a small greenhouse. To do this, pour about 20 cm of loose soil into a box of the required size, the bottom of which is covered with film, and plant the cuttings there so that the cutting node is in contact with the ground.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings and layering
For better rooting, it is advisable to dip the lower ends of the cuttings in Kornevin powder before planting. Water the planted cuttings well, then cover the box on top plastic film. The necessary microclimate is created under the film for rooting of cuttings. This box must be placed in a place where it is not exposed to direct sunlight, but sufficient quantity Sveta. Otherwise, the cuttings may burn or not take root at all.
You can do it differently - plant the cuttings not in a box, but directly in the ground in loose soil somewhere in secluded corner garden, where direct sunlight does not reach (not in the sun), water well and cover with film.
Now it will be necessary to ensure that the soil in the cuttings does not dry out, and also to periodically ventilate to avoid rotting of the cuttings. Personally, instead of ventilating, I make several holes in the film with a knife; this is usually enough for automatic ventilation. Temperature for rooting 20-30 degrees.
The cuttings do not root at the same time; depending on the variety, the process may take 2-3 months. As the cuttings take root, they need to be accustomed to the outside air, gradually opening the film for a while, and then removing it completely.
Rooted seedlings can stand outside in a shaded place until autumn. They must not be exposed to frost, otherwise they may die. With the onset of cold weather (around the end of October), you need to place boxes with clematis seedlings in the cellar, where they are stored until spring at a temperature of +1+2*C. In the spring they are taken out of the cellar and planted in the ground.
If clematis cuttings were planted directly in the ground for rooting, then they need to be well covered for the winter, and better in autumn dig up and store in the cellar until spring, and plant in the spring.
I wish you success.
Topics: #cuttings #cuttings #box #clematis #plant #cuttings
How to propagate clematisSpecies of clematis growing in nature are propagated by seeds. They can be divided into two groups. Clematis with small seeds enclosed in fruits measuring 3x1.5 mm (virginia, grapeleaf, mountain, etc.) germinate relatively quickly. When sown in late April - May, seedlings appear in May - June. The seeds of these clematis can be sown immediately in open ground.
Other clematis (for example, stinging, paniculate) produce larger fruits (up to 10x8 mm), and the seeds in them are larger. They require more time to germinate (120 days) and therefore require stratification before sowing. To do this, immediately after collection in October, the seeds are mixed with sand in a ratio of 1:3.
The mixture is moistened and taken out under the snow or placed in the refrigerator, where it is kept at a temperature of about 5°C. This technique reduces germination time to 70 days.
After stratification for 2-2.5 months, clematis seeds are sown in pots or boxes with a mixture fertile land and sand in a ratio of 2:1. The crops are rolled, covered with sand (0.5 cm layer), rolled again, watered, covered with film and left in a warm room. When shoots appear, the film is removed. After the formation of 2-3 pairs of leaves, they are transplanted into separate pots.
In early June, they are planted for growing in open ground, deepening the root collar by 2-3 cm.
The seedlings are planted in a nutrient mixture consisting of humus, leaf soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 1:1: 0.5: 0.5. In the same soil mixture At the end of May, quickly germinating small seeds are sown.
When 2-3 leaves are formed, they are thinned out, leaving 5 cm between plants. Clematis seedlings are immediately planted after 5 cm, leaving 25-30 between rows. After planting, shade.
Further care is the same for both seedlings transplanted from pots and seeds sown in the garden bed. Water when the top layer of soil dries out. After the formation of 5-7 pairs of leaves, the row spacing is mulched with semi-rotted manure, sprinkled with peat (layer up to 3 cm).
They are planted in a permanent place next fall or spring after overwintering. When transplanting, the root collar is deepened by 5-10 cm. By winter, the plants are pruned and hilled, then covered with snow. With seed propagation, after 2-3 years you can admire flowering vines.
Clematis reproduce in two main ways. This is vegetative propagation and seed propagation.
For propagation of hybrid clematis with large flowers The seed method is not suitable because the grown plants do not have the properties and characteristics originally intended for them. By seed method Clematis with small flowers are propagated.
The simplest and in an accessible way Propagation of clematis is by dividing the bushes. The bushes are divided in the 5th or 6th year after planting, in spring or autumn. The bush is dug up and divided into several parts. After which, each part is planted according to all planting rules.
If the bush is very large, it is dug up on one side and parts of the plant with the roots are separated with a shovel.
The advantage of this method is that clematis bloom very quickly. But there are also disadvantages: diseases are transmitted to new seedlings, and in some cases, the bushes do not take root well due to the fact that the balance of the root system and shoots is disturbed.
Another method of propagating clematis is propagation by layering. To do this, grooves are dug from the bush into which the side shoots are placed, after which they are pressed with wire brackets and covered with soil and peat. After a year, the shoots take root and are subject to planting on their own.
The advantages of this method are that the new plant has all the qualities of the mother bush, including its decorative flowering. Among the disadvantages are the transmission of diseases and the lack of possibility of use for industrial purposes.
Propagation of clematis by cuttings
To obtain a large number of seedlings, gardeners use the method of cutting clematis.
Clematis cuttings
occurs in winter, spring and summer.
For this method, green or lignified cuttings are used. For getting good result growth stimulants are used, such as heteroauxin or anaphthylacetic acid, or rootin or epin. During the cutting process, it is necessary to maintain a certain air humidity, and the temperature should be no lower than 10 degrees and no higher than 20. Cuttings take root very well when the fog-forming apparatus is in operation. Cuttings must be protected from overheating, direct exposure to the sun, drying out and high humidity.
The main advantage of this method is the production of healthy seedlings that develop on their own root system.
Propagation of clematis by seeds
To begin with, the seeds are sorted, large seeds are selected and sowed in the fall, as soon as they are collected, or in the spring, having previously carried out stratification for 2.5-3 months at a temperature of 0-5 ° C. If sowing is done in planting boxes or pots, then the soil mixture should contain from 30 to 50% sand. The seeds are lightly sprinkled onto the earthen mixture and sprinkled with a layer of sand, the sand is pressed down. Comfortable temperature for germination 25-30 °C.
Clematis seedlings need timely watering, and if sowing is done in the ground, then also weeding. After germination, seedlings need to be provided good lighting, thermal conditions and good humidity, but they must be protected from direct sunlight. After the first true leaves appear, the plants need picking. The picking is done in beds with light soil, in the shade, the distance between clematis should be about 15-20 cm. As the shoots grow, they should be pinched, this promotes the growth of the root mass and good branching of the plant.
In the fall, the grown seedlings are covered, and with the onset of spring they need growing. To do this, they are transplanted into a prepared trench to a depth of 5-7 cm, at a distance of 40-50 cm between plants. Shoots need to be shortened to 2-3 knots. 2-3 years after sowing, clematis are ready for planting in a permanent place; planting occurs after the first flowering.