Basic principles of painting the ceiling with water-based paint. We paint the ceiling with water-based emulsion directly on top of the old paint, without washing it off. Painting over old paint

The most common way to decorate a ceiling is to whitewash or paint it. And the most used paint for this is water-based paint. Painting the ceiling water-based paint at first glance it seems like a simple matter, but there are many subtleties, ignorance of which leads to the appearance of spots or streaks. We will tell you further how to avoid such troubles.

Preparing for painting

To DIY painting The ceiling with water-based paint was of high quality and uniform; preliminary preparation of the ceiling was necessary. Uniform coloring can only be achieved on a flat, puttied surface. Therefore, before starting work, you need to clean the ceiling from any previous coating (with the exception of water-based emulsion, which holds up very well).

How to remove whitewash

If you have whitewash on the ceiling - chalk or lime - you need to moisten the ceiling with water and remove the coating with a spatula. They clean everything down to concrete. Even the smallest fragments must be removed. Sometimes it is very inconvenient to scrape small areas with a spatula; it is easier to do this with a wet cloth.

In any case, after removing the whitewash, the ceiling must be washed with water and detergent. After complete drying, prime and putty with gypsum or cement (preferably white) putty until smooth, which is also called “egg-like.”

How to remove old water emulsion

If the ceiling has already been painted with water-based emulsion, you won’t be able to simply remove it. The procedure depends on how the paint adheres to the ceiling. If it just changed color and you need to renew the ceiling, there are no swelling, cracks or other similar problems, you can get by with a little blood. First, remove the dust (with a cloth and water), dry it, then prime it. After the primer has dried, you can paint it. But once again we draw attention to the fact that this procedure is used only if the water-based emulsion holds well and there are no defects.

Cleaning waterproof emulsion from the ceiling is still a pleasure

If there are cracks or swellings on the surface of the water-based emulsion, it must be cleaned off. There are two ways - dry and wet. Dry means cleaning with sandpaper (manually or using an angle grinder), wet means rinsing off. This method must be used for paint that is not afraid of water. But it is very difficult to remove such paint. If the water-based paint holds up well, no tricks help, but there are surface defects and putty is needed, take sandpaper with a coarse grain and make the surface rough. After this you can putty. Next - according to technology: we prime and then paint.

Wash off the ceiling painted with water-based emulsion by wetting it generously twice. hot water. The water should be almost boiling water - about 70°C. After wetting part of the ceiling, wait 10 minutes, then wet the same area again with hot water. After about five minutes you can remove the paint with a spatula.

Removing old paint is a lengthy process

You can repeat this procedure several times, gradually removing loose paint from the ceiling. Small residues can be sanded off, and then the ceiling can be washed, dried and primed. You can putty and sand over the primer, smoothing out imperfections.

Types of water-based paint

Water-based paint is a water-based emulsion that contains polymer particles undissolved in water. It also contains pigments and various additives that change characteristics. final product. After applying the paint, active evaporation of water occurs and a thin polymer film remains on the surface.

Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with choosing the composition. They use four types of polymers:

Acrylic. An aqueous emulsion based on acrylic resins allows you to obtain a smooth surface, has good hiding power, and hides small surface defects, even cracks up to 1 mm wide. Its disadvantage is its high price, but it is easier to work with. In their pure form, acrylic compositions are hygroscopic and can only be used in dry rooms, but they do not interfere with the passage of steam. To create a waterproof film, latex is added to the acrylic water-based emulsion. The same additive increases the elasticity of the dried film. Such compositions can be used in damp areas.
Water emulsion on acrylic base- a smart choice
Silicates. This type of water-based paint is based on liquid glass. The coating is resistant to precipitation and does not interfere with the release of vapors, has a long service life (10 years or more), and can be used for outdoor work.
Silicate paints are vapor-tight
Minerals - lime or cement. Mineral water-based emulsions have good adhesion to any surface, but are quickly washed off. As a result, they are gradually losing popularity.
Silicone. Silicone-based water emulsions are the latest achievement in the industry. These compositions are good because they “tighten” cracks up to 2 mm thick. As a result, the surface painted with them, even without excellent preparation, turns out to be even and smooth. The film turns out dense, but vapor-permeable. Silicone water-based emulsion can be used to paint ceilings in bathrooms and other wet areas. The disadvantage of this type of paint is its high price.

Latex can be added to any of the compositions. Latex water-based paint is water-repellent. It is not afraid of moisture and can be used in damp rooms.

Based on the main characteristics of these compositions, you can choose for yourself best type water-based paint. Each case requires its own properties and the “best water emulsion” is different each time.

What primer to use

A primer is necessary for better adhesion of the paint to the surface being painted. It allows you to avoid the appearance of cracks and blisters after the paint dries. If there is no primer, this can happen. You'll have to clean everything off and putty again. Because in order for painting the ceiling with water-based paint to be of high quality, the surface must be well primed.

The base of the primer should match the base paint. Acrylic water-based paint requires the same primer; silicone paint requires a silicone-based primer, etc. Moreover, it is advisable not to save: the quality of this composition determines how smoothly the water-based emulsion will lie on the ceiling.

Eat economical way primers: the base paint is diluted with water (1 to 2) and the surfaces are painted with this mixture a couple of times. It's certainly better than nothing, but the primer gives a better grip.

How to paint a ceiling with water-based emulsion with your own hands

Each of the water-based paints has instructions for use on the can. The operating procedure is described there. Some compositions just need to be stirred well before use: undissolved polymers may settle at the bottom of the jar. Some formulations require dilution. The amount of water added is also specified in the instructions and depends on the application method. For spray guns, the dilution is stronger; when using a roller, thicker formulations are required.

When diluting the emulsion with water, add it in small portions. Stir thoroughly and try on a surface area. If the paint goes on evenly and almost completely covers the base, you can paint.

It is more convenient to pour the paint into a special container with a tray and a ribbed platform. You can use a regular basin and a clean piece of oilcloth spread nearby. It's not as convenient, but less expensive.

Which roller to choose

A roller for painting the ceiling with water-based emulsion is needed with dense short pile. You need to examine him carefully. The pile should “sit” firmly and under no circumstances should it “climb out”, even if you pull on it. Then inspect how the seam is made. Under no circumstances should he stand out. It must be difficult to find. It is best if it is made obliquely.

Pay maximum attention to choosing a roller: the quality of painting - the absence of stripes on the ceiling - largely depends on how good a tool you have chosen. It is more convenient to whiten the ceiling with water-based emulsion not from a stepladder, but from the floor. To do this, the roller is placed on a long handle and secured well.

How to paint without streaks

To avoid streaks on the ceiling, painting the ceiling with water-based paint should be completed no later than in 20 minutes. Immediately after application, water begins to actively absorb/evaporate and stripes appear at the junction of the dried and “fresh” paint. Therefore, it is advisable to prepare the room. It is necessary to turn off (wrap up) the heating radiators and prevent a draft. It is also advisable to wash the floor immediately before whitewashing; even if you work during the day, turn on the lighting, this will allow you to better control the quality of the paint. Afterwards you can start working.

Ready-to-use water-based paint is poured into a container, a roller is dipped into it, then rolled well over the site, achieving uniform distribution over the entire surface. When the roller has a uniform color, they begin to paint.

The corners are painted first with a brush. After applying a little paint, take a small roller and roll it out well. Then they begin to paint the main surface. The first layer is applied parallel to the window, the second - perpendicular.

You need to stand so that you look at the area to be painted at an angle. This will give you a good look at how evenly the paint has spread, as well as where you have already painted and where you haven't. Move systematically, without jumping from one piece to another.

The width of the strip painted at a time is slightly larger than the width of the roller. After wetting the roller, place it approximately in the middle of the strip. Quickly roll the paint in both directions from one wall to the other. Don't waste a lot of time: you don't have much of it. On average, the water emulsion dries in 10-20 seconds. If you didn’t have time to apply the strip next to it before, the border will be clearly visible, which you won’t get rid of. Having distributed the paint more or less evenly over the strip, dip the roller into the paint and roll it out again from the middle of the ceiling. At the same time, go beyond the already painted strip by about 10 cm. All this at a good pace without stops and smoke breaks. The edges of the painted strip should not dry out. In general, these are all the rules.

After applying the first coat of paint, some areas may not be painted as well. You need to wait for it to dry completely and paint it a second time. This should already be enough to obtain a flat surface. If even after the third layer of water-based paint you still have streaks and stains on the ceiling, you will have to redo it again. It is necessary to level the surface with sandpaper, prime it again and paint again.

What color

The easiest way to achieve perfect evenness is to use “snow-white” paint. All pigments clearly highlight even small irregularities, so you need to pay maximum attention to the process or use an acrylic or silicone-based water emulsion.

One of the most difficult repair stages to complete residential premises that everyone faces House master, is the ceiling decoration. Lime or chalk whitewash, which was widely used until recently, is now used quite rarely. This is explained by the fact that the initially snow-white ceiling becomes dirty over time and takes on an unsightly appearance.

In addition, such finishing requires significant labor to prepare the surface for application of the finishing coating. Painting the ceiling with acrylic paint retains its attractive appearance much longer; maintaining such a finish is not particularly difficult. Repairs are easy and quick, and you can apply the paint yourself.

A perfectly painted ceiling has an absolutely monotonous surface

Getting ready to repair the ceiling

The beautifully painted ceiling is shown in the photo. To paint the ceiling without streaks, you need to be well prepared for the work. First of all, you should free the room as much as possible from interfering furnishings. Then you need to carefully remove the old finish from the ceiling surface.

After this, it must be properly leveled, removing all significant differences in height. At the final stage of preparation, to improve the adhesion of the paint to the base and to use it more economically, a layer of primer is applied to the coating. The following materials and tools will be required:

stepladder and film for covering interior items;
spatula and paint roller or wide brush;
grinding machine and sandpaper;
primer and putty;
safety glasses, a respirator and a thick work suit;
container with water and a flashlight.

By illuminating it with a flashlight, you can easily identify existing unevenness in the coating. It is most convenient to moisten the surface with a spray bottle or a paint roller, or apply a primer with a wide brush. The use of a stepladder makes the job much easier. A spray gun helps a lot to paint without streaks.

Painting the ceiling yourself will help reduce the cost of repair work.

Preparing the room

Painting the ceiling surface with acrylic paint requires preparatory activities. The room should be prepared for the appearance of simply amazing amounts of dirt and fine dust that occur when removing the old coating. Cushioned furniture can be hopelessly damaged by scattered pieces of limestone and chalk dust moistened with dirty water. As a result, sofas, armchairs and other furniture must be removed from the premises.

Very convenient to cover walls and furniture special film

Sometimes, for some reason, it is difficult to do this; in this case, you should cover all the remaining furnishings in the room with waterproof film. You can secure it with wide tape, which can be easily removed later.

Chandeliers and other lighting fixtures are removed from the ceiling surface to prevent short circuit the supply voltage is removed from electrical wires, which is especially important in the bathroom. Careful preparation helps to paint without streaks.

Removing old coating

The method for removing old coating depends on what finishing material has been used previously. The easiest way to remove whitewash is with chalk: it is washed off with a soft sponge soaked in water. If difficulties arise in this process, you will have to scrape off the coating with a metal spatula.

To begin with, a kilogram of table salt is dissolved in a bucket of warm water, and the area of the ceiling to be cleaned is moistened with a spray bottle, a wide brush or a roller. After waiting until the whitewash gets wet, scrape it off with a spatula, to which it is useful to attach a scoop with wire, where crumbling dirt will be collected.

The most noticeable irregularities are cleaned off with a spatula.

In some cases, wallpaper or foam tiles are used to decorate the ceiling. Wet wallpaper is easily separated from the base; foam tiles also break off easily. In the latter case, it is better to scrape off the remaining glue with a metal spatula, use chemicals may cause injury skin and visual organs. Soot stains on the surface are removed by washing with water mixed with soda; rust stains are treated with copper sulfate.

Putty and leveling

After cleaning the ceiling surface, it is visually inspected to detect any unevenness in the coating. Large cracks are sealed with reinforcing mesh, depressions are filled with putty and smoothed with a spatula, and protrusions are cut off.

Seams between concrete slabs and the joints of the ceiling and walls are tapped to detect voids, which are also filled with putty. After carefully leveling the surface, a primer is applied to it using a paintbrush in two layers.

A composition with antiseptic properties is well suited, which prevents the further development of pathogenic microflora. For proper drying of the primer, it is important to maintain the correct positive temperature in the room from five to thirty degrees Celsius.

Leveling the ceiling with putty

The final leveling of the surface before covering the ceiling with water-based paint is achieved by applying putty. Its first layer is located in the transverse direction to the primer coating, the second - transverse to the first. By illuminating the surface to be treated with a flashlight, it is easy to detect and eliminate even minor differences in height that will obscure nearby areas.

After drying, the roughness of the coating is removed with sandpaper. In the bathroom, putty should be applied especially carefully. Painted concrete will last a long time if the base is properly prepared. In the bathroom, the painted ceiling is exposed to quite aggressive effects.

When is a good brush and what is a better roller?

To perform high-quality painting work, both brushes and rollers are used. The brush is good for painting corners, joints of mating surfaces, heating radiators, pipeline networks and other similar elements. It is convenient to carry out lime whitewash with a large paintbrush; using a roller when working with such material is somewhat difficult.

It is better to use a roller when working on large areas: the larger the surface, the more effective its use. This is true for even surfaces; curved objects of complex configuration cannot be painted with a roller.

Standard set for painting the ceiling

This tool can be used while standing in one place, performing long handle forward and backward movements, which is important when access to the treated coating is difficult. The paint is applied evenly, without visually noticeable strokes, and this is difficult to achieve when working with a brush. Painting the ceiling surface with a roller gives good results.

Choosing a roller is a separate issue

The choice of roller is an issue that requires separate consideration. This tool is available in a variety of sizes for processing various surface elements. There are also corner rollers that have a working coating on the end part, which is necessary when processing corners. Fur coat is the covering of the working part; it is made from the following materials:

felt or velor;
foam rubber or mohair;
natural fur or polymers.

When using a roller when working, you must take into account that the longer the pile of its coat, the greater the consumption will be. paint and varnish material.

Working with a roller is much faster and easier, since it takes up several times more paint than an ordinary brush.
Rollers come in very different sizes and quality.

To cover the ceiling with acrylic paint would be better suited roller with a fur coat made of synthetics, and the coating will be smooth and without streaks. You can work with oil-based paints with almost any type of this tool. It is only undesirable to use a foam rubber coat, since this material deteriorates under the influence of solvents that are part of oil paints.

Which water-based paint is better?

Before going to the store, you need to decide which paint is best to paint the ceiling. In the modern construction market there is a huge selection of paints based on water emulsion. They contain pigment and polymer components dissolved in water. Depending on the active substance, the following types of water-based paints are distinguished:

containing liquid glass (silicate);
highly resistant to moisture (acrylic);
resistant to aggressive chemical environments (latex);
characterized by versatility (silicone);
inexpensive (polyvinyl acetate).

Several representatives of ceiling paints

You can decide which water-based paint is better in each specific case by comparative analysis of their technical characteristics. It should be assumed that the price and quality of this type of paint and varnish product correspond.

Color and tinting of acrylic paint

Acrylic paints are available in a standard color palette. To obtain the desired shade, they are tinted. It is a procedure of mixing paint and coloring pigments to obtain the desired shade of paint and varnish material.

Tinting is used when cosmetic repairs are necessary, if part of the coating is swollen or peeled off, if there is not enough paint to complete the entire amount of work, or if there is a need to create a color palette that is in harmony with the surrounding environment.

When tinting, mix the paint thoroughly

Coloring pigments, so-called colorants, are added to acrylic paint, made in the form of dry mixtures, pastes or the same paint. Their basis can be of organic or inorganic origin; organic gives more rich colors, but they are not resistant to ultraviolet radiation. Inorganic colorants have good resistance to aggressive environmental influences, but the colors produced with their help are less vibrant.

If we paint over whitewash

Previously, whitewash was widely used to finish the ceiling surface. If it is necessary to apply paint over it, certain conditions must be met. Whitewashing should be applied in a thin layer that is free of cracking. Otherwise, whitewash particles may begin to peel off during painting.

Ceiling primer is like butter that won’t spoil the porridge.

The test is carried out by applying a deeply penetrating layer of primer to the whitewashed surface. After it has dried, the control area is moistened with water, and if the coating does not peel off, paint can be applied over the whitewash.

Water-based paint will stay on the ceiling for a very long time if the layer of whitewash underneath has good adhesion to the surface and there are no bumps or cracks.

Of course, the use of a primer is mandatory if painting is not done with the same material that was used previously. In this case, the composition of the soil is determined by the choice of finishing coating.

How to paint with a roller

Following some simple rules will help you paint the ceiling with a roller. Before you begin the main work, you should use a brush to paint the corners and joints of the ceilings and walls. Then a little paint is poured into the painting tray, the roller is dipped into it, and the excess is removed from the coat on the ribbed part of the tray.

When painting the ceiling, it is important to sit on a comfortable ladder

Applying the first layer should begin from the window opening in the direction perpendicular to the incidence of sunlight, and the second layer is applied after the first has dried in the transverse direction. In this way, it is possible to avoid the appearance of weakly painted areas that are invisible at first glance, but which will appear over time. Work should begin early in the morning, since the sun's rays at this time highlight all the irregularities well. Small defects in the dried coating detected during visual inspection are cleaned with fine-grained emery cloth.

Can be used with a spray gun

You can paint the ceiling using a spray gun. Its use makes the process much faster and easier compared to using paint roller. When preparing the tool for use, direct the sprayer to the side and, releasing excess pressure in the system, ensure that the emerging paint lays down in an even and thin layer.

When using a spray gun, it is easy to ensure uniform painting of the ceiling

The surface of the ceiling is divided into several sections and they are painted sequentially, while the stream of paint is directed strictly vertically. The sprayer is held at a distance of thirty to fifty centimeters from the surface, a meter segment is covered in approximately five seconds.

You should maintain a uniform pace of work; holding the nozzle at one point will lead to the formation of a too thick layer of paint flowing down. The first layer is applied in the direction transverse to the incidence of sunlight, the second - in the longitudinal direction. To form a high-quality painted surface when working with a spray gun, three layers of paint and varnish material should be applied. Each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried.

Little tricks

Small tricks will help you paint the ceiling efficiently. So, finishing layer The paint and varnish material is applied in the direction of incidence of the rays natural light, this makes the joints of adjacent layers invisible.

If a local, incompletely painted area of the surface is discovered, it will have to be completely covered with a new layer of paint; attempts to paint only the defective area will lead to the appearance of clearly visible spots. Visual inspection from different viewing angles helps to identify such areas.

Scheme of movements when painting the ceiling

Under no circumstances should you attempt to neglect applying the primer layer. Such attempts to save money will lead to the fact that the paint that has poorly adhered to the base will soon simply crumble. You should not hesitate when applying paint; unjustified delays will lead to the fact that the dried material will begin to stick to the coat of the paint roller, and the work will have to start again. An excessively thick layer of applied paint can be brought back to normal by running a dry roller over it, while the pile on its coat will absorb the excess.

For many decades, painting the ceiling with water-based paint has remained one of the most popular finishing methods. This coating is environmentally friendly and universal, as, thanks to its matte finish and a wide selection of shades, it will suit any interior. The low cost of materials is one of the advantages of painting with water-based emulsion. However, for a quality result this type finishing requires careful preparation of the ceiling and some painting skills.

High-quality paint is the main component of success

For best result features should be taken into account various types water-based paint. The best option For ceilings, acrylic water-based paint can be considered; the addition of latex increases the elasticity and strength of the coating, and also allows you to repair small cracks. More economical options are paints based on acrylic copolymers (vinyl acrylic, styrene acrylic).

Largest quantity positive feedback collects products from German manufacturers; Polish and Russian factories also produce high-quality, but less expensive paints. The main thing is that it must be factory-made and not a fake. In any case, high-quality water-based paint cannot cost less than 180 rubles per liter.

On the can or bucket of paint there should be instructions for applying it and the cost of painting one square meter. Knowing the consumption, you can independently calculate how many liters of paint you need to purchase to paint the ceiling.

Immediately before work, you need to prepare the paint by adding cold water to the consistency of kefir (5-10% of the paint volume) and stir thoroughly (you can use a drill with a special attachment). If you want to give the ceiling a tint, you can add color to the paint container. You should start with a few drops, adding very gradually so as not to get too bright a shade. The resulting colored paint requires particularly careful mixing.

Tools and auxiliary materials

The most necessary tool for painting the ceiling is a roller, since using a brush it is impossible to create a perfectly even coating on a large surface. Its size directly depends on the area to be painted; the larger it is, the thicker and longer the roller should be.

Foam rollers are more suitable for applying; for painting the ceiling, it is better to choose a roller with a small, velor-like, pile. If you want to add a light texture to the coating, you can use a long-nap roller. Plus, it takes more paint, and the job will move faster. The retractable handle for the roller eliminates the need for ladders and tables and reduces the risk of injury.

A wide (up to 8 cm) flat brush is still needed for painting corners. It is better if it has fluffy ends, in which case there will be no streaks left on the surface to be painted.

To match the length of the roller, you need to select a plastic paint tray with a ribbed spin pad. The roller is dipped into the paint and then rolled over the surface several times to remove excess paint and apply it evenly to the roller. Using this inexpensive device will greatly simplify your work and improve the quality of your painting.

Preparatory work

Can't achieve good result when painting with water-based paint, if not carried out preliminary work. By the time of painting, the ceiling must be cleared of the previous coating, glued with reinforcing mesh at the joints of the panels, leveled, puttied and sanded until smooth. You can also paint over old water-based paint, provided that it does not come off anywhere and there are no cracks in it. Otherwise, you will have to carry out all the above work. Then use a roller, and after it has completely dried, the ceiling is ready for painting.

If the ceiling is painted plasterboard sheets, then you should glue all the joints with mesh, putty and sand the screw heads. If the concrete floor panels are smooth and without noticeable potholes or defects, you can apply water-based latex paint in several layers directly onto the primed concrete. The latex in the paint will fill out small pores and roughness, and this coating will look quite satisfactory.

Before painting, you must remember to remove all the furniture from the room or cover it with oilcloth. It is worth taking care of the safety of the floors if they are not planned to be replaced.

Painting

They begin work by painting the corners and perimeter of the ceiling, which is more convenient to do with a brush. The strokes should run parallel to the window. The ceiling is painted from the wall with the window; if they are located on several walls, then the one from which more light comes is selected. At the same stage it is worth painting the ceiling cornices, if any.

A small amount of paint is poured into the tray, a roller is dipped into it and rolled several times, squeezing out excess paint. The paint is applied to the ceiling using small zigzag movements, evenly and gradually. While the paint has not thickened, you can go over it with an empty roller to remove excess paint. From time to time it is worth stepping aside and looking at the ceiling from a different angle to notice unpainted areas.

After completing one coat, the ceiling should be completely dry. This takes at least several hours. Do not try to speed up the drying of the paint, as this can lead to cracks and peeling.

The next layer of paint must be applied perpendicular to the previous one. For a high-quality result, at least two layers of water-based paint are applied. The last layer is applied perpendicular to the wall on which the window is located. After each painting, the rollers and tray must be thoroughly washed.

Painting tricks

Before painting the ceiling, you should practice small area walls or drywall to get used to the roller and paint.
The paint should cover the roller as evenly as possible. This will prevent unpainted areas and stains from appearing on the ceiling.
Do not roll out already set paint with a roller, this will lead to streaks and deformation of the coating.
It is better to take paint with a reserve, since even different batches of the same brand may differ slightly in color.

Modern water-based materials can be used for painting any surfaces, including in rooms with high humidity, where previously only oil paints could be used.

To obtain an even structure, the surface should be properly prepared by performing the following steps:

The whitewash or previous paint is removed. Before cleaning the surface of old materials with a spatula, it is necessary to treat the ceiling twice with hot water, after which old paint much easier to remove;
The water-based emulsion can also be applied old paint, but before performing work it is necessary to wipe the ceiling with a damp cloth to remove dust and fine dirt. However, it should be remembered that in this case it will not be possible to achieve a perfectly flat surface;
After the ceiling is freed from old materials, small cracks and holes are puttyed; large cracks should be glued with a special cloth and plastered;
The prepared surface is leveled with special plaster compositions. Irregularities in the plaster are removed with sandpaper;
The final stage of preparation is applying primer.

After the primer solution has dried, the main work begins.

Required tools and materials

High-quality application of water-based emulsion is impossible without special tools. To perform work in the kitchen, room, bathroom or toilet, purchase:

Roller with faux fur skin;
Brush-flutz. Required for painting corners and ceiling surfaces adjacent to the wall. The width of the brush should be from 7 to 10 cm;
Rectangular container with a ribbed cuvette. Used to place a single portion of material and roll out a roller;
Mixer. Required for mixing the water emulsion;
Paper tape. With its help, you can protect the wall surface from the ingress of material during work;
Workwear. You will need a hat, glasses and a set of clothes.

If it is necessary to apply different colors to the wall surface, it is recommended to use different tools for each shade.

Selection and preparation of water-based paint

There are several types of paint of this type. Their difference lies in the presence of a basic substance, which determines the parameters for using this material.

Acrylic paints have excellent resistance to abrasion when washed, are odorless, and are suitable for painting almost all types of premises. The cost is average.
Latex paints are among the most expensive, but this drawback is compensated by improved properties. Surfaces painted with latex materials can be treated using household chemicals.
Polyvinyl acetate paints are classified as inexpensive. Recommended exclusively for dry rooms; water should not be used for washing.
A water-based emulsion based on silicate compounds is recommended for application to plastered surfaces or concrete.
Silicone-based water emulsion is suitable for working in rooms with high humidity, as they have increased vapor permeability.

Almost all of these paints are produced in two types: with the formation of a matte or glossy surface. To calculate how much paint is required, you need to know the area of the ceiling and the paint consumption indicated on the label.

Which roller to use

How to paint a ceiling with water-based paint without streaks? Here, first of all, you should carefully approach the choice of tool. The simplest and most reliable device for obtaining an ideal ceiling surface is a roller. The following simple tips will help you decide which roller to paint the ceiling with water-based paint.

It is advisable to select a tool with a long handle, which allows you to carry out work without using a stepladder. The fastening of the device must be reliable so that when force is applied, the tool does not change its position.

There are many types of roller sandpaper, but for painting the ceiling it is recommended to use only faux fur sandpaper (pile length from 10 to 12 mm). The sandpaper should sit tightly on the base, and the joint should not stand out, and it is good when it is made tangentially.

Padding

Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with applying primer to a previously prepared surface. Many people ignore this mandatory process, which leads to uneven coverage and streaks.

The primer improves the adhesion of the water-based emulsion to the plastered surface, as a result, the appearance of bubbles, microcracks, stains and mold can be avoided. This preparation also increases the shelf life appearance ceiling after painting.

The surface must be primed with special compounds (primers), which are selected based on the composition of the water emulsion. Yes, for acrylic paint use acrylic primer, for silicone primer - silicone.

At least three layers of primer are applied to the concrete surface, and for plastered ceilings it will be enough to walk over the surface twice.

If special compounds are not available, you can use the water-based emulsion itself to prepare the primer. To do this, you need to dilute the material in the following proportions: water emulsion - 1 part, water - 2 parts.

Coloring instructions

There are several ways to whiten a ceiling with water-based paint without streaks; various tools are used for this purpose.

Painting with a roller

You can get excellent ceiling coloring using a roller. This option is quite economical, and even a beginner can cope with the entire process. It is enough to follow the following tips, which explain how to paint step by step with this tool:

Before painting, the room is prepared for work. It is advisable to glue the wall at the junction with the ceiling with paper tape so that the water emulsion does not get on the wall;
Objects in the room should be covered with paper or film;
Mix the material thoroughly, especially if colored dye is added to the white base;
For the initial layer, a material of a thicker consistency is prepared than for subsequent layers;
If small particles are found during mixing, you will have to strain the entire volume of paint through gauze so that the surface of the ceiling is free of flaws;
A strip 8-10 cm wide is applied along the perimeter of the ceiling with a brush;
The prepared material is poured into a container suitable for the size of the roller. For rolling, a piece of flat plywood is used, but it is more effective to use special containers equipped with a ribbed ditch, which allow you to evenly saturate the tool with paint;
Painting is carried out from the corner in stripes 40-50 cm wide. The initial layer is applied parallel to the window, the subsequent one perpendicular. When working, maintain an inclination angle of 45 degrees. Painting of the next strip is carried out with an overlap on the previous one (about 100 mm is covered);
It is necessary to take into account the drying time of the material (up to 20 minutes), so the entire amount of work should be done quickly, without being distracted by rest;
The quality of painting can be checked in good lighting, and if daylight is not enough, use a powerful flashlight;
Each new layer can be applied only after the previous one has completely dried, usually no earlier than 12 hours after completion of work;
Irregularities are sanded with fine-grained sandpaper, after which another leveling layer of paint is applied.

Painting in 2 layers.

Painting in 3 layers.

Spray painting

Using a paint sprayer allows you to get an even painting of the ceiling, while the worker makes a minimum of effort. The disadvantages of this technology include fairly high requirements for the power of the spray gun or spray gun.

An apparatus for spraying water-based paint must have a special compressor that is capable of creating the necessary pressure to force a fairly thick liquid through the nozzle.

How to paint a ceiling with water-based paint using a spray gun correctly:

To facilitate this process, diluting the emulsion with water is often used. The water emulsion should be diluted in a ratio of one to one, as a result of which to obtain beautiful coating you will need to apply at least three layers of thinner paint;
Before starting work, it is recommended to adjust the sprayer on an unnecessary flat surface (a piece of plywood or drywall) to achieve the required coverage;
Noticeable boundaries of the joining layers should be rubbed with fine sandpaper so that when applying the second layer this defect will be eliminated;
Paint is sprayed at a distance of 50-55 cm from the surface to be painted; it is advisable to maintain a perpendicular inclination of the nozzle to the ceiling;
The material is applied in squares, covering the surface first along, then across. You should move to the next area without delay to prevent excessive accumulation of material in one place. It is better not to completely paint the area, since this defect can be eliminated by closing the defect next layers, and the thick layer will have to be cleaned and the entire volume redone.

Painting with a brush

It is possible to paint the ceiling using a brush, but the result will certainly be disappointing. It will not be possible to avoid stains and uneven paintability of the surface.

Repairs made with a brush are possible in non-residential premises, such as storage rooms, but you will have to put up with increased paint consumption, since drops of material, even with the most careful control, will flow from the tool onto the floor.

How to avoid stains

Obtaining an ideal ceiling structure when painting is achieved not only by the correct technique for applying the material to the surface, but also by preliminary preparation of the room. You need to do the following:

Turn off the heating or insulate the radiators by wrapping them with thick material.
Close all windows to prevent drafts.
Should be organized good lighting to control the quality of work.

When painting with a roller, you must be at an angle of 45 degrees to the ceiling surface. This position allows you to control the uniformity of application of the material. Each subsequent strip should overlap slightly (up to 10 cm) with the previous strip, and the time between applying the first and second strip should not exceed 20 minutes. If you apply the material on a dry surface, the border will be visible.

Any flaws are corrected with fine-grained sandpaper, after which a finishing coat of paint is applied.

Video on the topic

When starting to renovate your home, be it city apartment or a house in the countryside, everyone understands that the most difficult stage in this case will be finishing the ceiling. Modern companies specializing in apartment renovation offer the most various options for this: finishing ceiling tiles or wallpaper, suspended or suspended ceilings, etc. But not every householder can afford their services. Therefore, do it yourself remains relevant.

Until recently, this type of ceiling finishing was especially popular. But with the development of new repair technologies, this method is used less and less. This is due to the fact that, despite its low cost and the harmonious combination of a snow-white ceiling with any type of interior, many are not satisfied with the complexity of the preparatory work. In addition, the whitened surface quickly becomes dirty and loses its attractive appearance.

Today, painting the ceiling with water-based paint continues to be one of the most popular methods of finishing it. Unlike whitewash, the surface painted with it retains its aesthetic appearance for a longer time. In addition, it allows for quick and easy maintenance of the ceiling surface.

This is one of the cheapest repair methods. In terms of its composition, this paint is a suspension based on polymer particles and pigment substances dissolved in water. Its peculiarity is that after application to the surface, intense evaporation of water occurs, and the polymers form a coating with high resistance to moisture. Water-based paint – environmentally friendly material, which does not cause allergic reactions or negative effects on the human body.

Choosing water-based paint for the ceiling

If you decide that the best option for you is to paint the ceiling yourself using water-based paint, then you have a difficult task: choosing from a huge assortment of products that would suit you in price and quality. Today on the consumer market you can find emulsion paints with various additives:

acrylic,
acrylic with latex added,
based on polyvinyl acetate,
with silicone or silicate base,
with mineral composition.

The cheapest of them are - polyvinyl acetate. But they can only be used in dry rooms. Ceilings painted with this paint cannot be washed.

Paints with latex added- the most expensive. They have a number of advantages, such as the possibility of wet care using detergents, obtaining a smooth, beautiful surface, etc.

Acrylic water-based paints- the most popular. They can be used in almost any room; they have increased resistance to abrasion during washing.

Paints with added silicate(liquid glass) are widely used for painting plastered, stone or concrete surfaces.

How to choose water-based paint so that it has high strength characteristics, gave beautiful surface after dyeing, etc. Based on the names of paints and jars for sale, it is difficult to understand how one type differs from another and what their advantages are. Moreover, the seller himself often tries to sell first of all the product that is more expensive, without thinking too much about its quality.

Read the label

Therefore, in order not to make a mistake with your choice, you should carefully read what is written in the annotation on the label of a can of water-based paint. In it, the manufacturer indicates:

What type of work is it intended for?
What is the paint consumption for square meter(which is very important for determining the required quantity),
Degree of coverage (ability of paint to cover with white color dark background, in the form of a continuous canvas),
Its resistance to abrasion during wet cleaning etc.

Be sure to pay attention to the fine print. Most often, basic information about technical specifications the paint is contained there. For example, if the annotation states that the paint has:

"High resistance to dry abrasion"- this means that the surface painted with such paint cannot be washed, but can only be wiped with a dry cloth or use a vacuum cleaner.
“Use in dry rooms with reduced operational load”. This inscription indicates that the water-based emulsion is not suitable for painting. kitchen premises, With big amount greasy fumes from cooked food, as well as in bathrooms where there is high humidity.
“High abrasion resistance, indelible”– a ceiling painted with this paint can be washed with water without using detergents.
“It has dirt-repellent properties and is highly resistant to abrasion during intensive washing”. This best view water-based paint. The surface coated with this type of paint can be washed using gentle detergents.

Water-based paints can be glossy and semi-gloss, matte and semi-matte. Their difference lies in the fact that matte paints slightly mask small surface defects and visually increase the height of the room. But they are difficult to wash. A surface covered with glossy paint is easier to clean, it is more resistant to abrasion, but small cracks and other flaws in the ceiling are visible on it. The best option– choice of semi-gloss or semi-matte paint.

Another important point. You need to purchase water-based paint in a store that has an insulated warehouse. The fact is that when it freezes, the structure of the paint is damaged, which is no longer restored when it thaws. This means that the purchased paint has lost all its beneficial properties.

It is recommended to use water-based paint, the purpose of which is to paint the ceiling. It spreads perfectly over the surface, practically does not drip, and has excellent adhesion.

Preparing the ceiling for painting

Before you start painting the ceiling surface with water-based paint, you need to carry out preparatory work. First, you need to free it from whitewash or layers of old paint. To get rid of chalk or lime whitewash, you will need to moisten it generously with water using a paint roller, and then scrape it off using a chisel or steel spatula. Finally, wash the ceiling with a sponge.

Removing the old paint layer

To update a ceiling painted with water-based paint, it will take much more time to carry out preparatory work. This is due to the fact that the process of removing previous paint is quite labor-intensive, since layers of old paint are practically insoluble in water, and therefore it is not possible to completely scrape them off from the ceiling. Most often, this work comes down to removing areas of peeling paint with a spatula.

To make this not entirely pleasant job easier, you can use this technique: moisten the old coating with plenty of water using a water sprayer or a foam roller. Repeat this procedure twice with an interval of twenty minutes. The moisture should thoroughly saturate the old coating. Then you need to create a draft by opening all doors and windows. The layer swollen with water forms swellings, and removing old water-based paint with a spatula will not be difficult.

This work must be done very quickly so that the surface being treated does not have time to dry. After this, it is necessary to treat stains from smudges and rust with a 5% solution copper sulfate. If there are stains on the ceiling that are difficult to remove, use one of the following compounds:

solution of hydrochloric acid, two or three percent concentration (carefully, trying not to get the acid on the skin, wipe the stains);
a solution of 20 parts of crushed lime, diluted with one part of drying oil,
a thick solution of water and lime with the addition of denatured alcohol (approximately 50 ml).

Any of the last two mixtures is applied to the dirt for 10-15 minutes. Repeat until they are completely removed. Usually two procedures are enough.

If your ceiling is up current repairs whitewash was applied - (there you will also find information on how to find out what the ceiling was painted with previously).

Ceiling leveling

Once the ceiling surface is completely cleaned, it is necessary to level it. The best choice for this is a thin-layer putty, which has good adhesion properties, has excellent ductility and gives a smooth surface that can be easily sanded with fine-grained sandpaper. Apply putty to the ceiling using a spatula.

Often, leveling the ceiling is done by applying a special putty-whitewash on an oil-adhesive basis, which is evenly distributed over the surface using a roller, brush or spatula. Before this, it is necessary to seal all the cracks and crevices in the ceiling, filling them with the prepared composition. In order for the putty to completely fill the cracks, they must be slightly widened before applying it.

Primer

The next preparatory operation is priming the surface, which is performed with the same paint. It is applied in a thin layer. It is allowed to dry thoroughly so that the putty does not come off.

The main stage of painting

Painting tools

To perform high-quality painting of the ceiling with paint based on water emulsion, you will need:

paint brush for painting butt joints between the wall and ceiling, as well as corners;
a narrow brush for making corrections;
fur, long-haired roller,
paint tray,
ribbed surface for even distribution of paint over the surface of the roller.

Coloring rules

just like when whitewashing with chalk, it is better to apply the first layer of paint parallel to the rays of light from the window, and the second - parallel to the window frame

Many people do not know how to paint a ceiling with water-based paint correctly. In most cases, they do not take into account the direction of the light flux and many other nuances during painting work. Therefore, the painted surface turns out uneven, with stripes from the passage of a brush or roller, with lighter or darker spots. To prevent this from happening to you, follow these rules.

You should always start painting from the corners and joints between the wall and the ceiling. In this case, the farthest corner relative to front door. To do this, wet a wide paint brush halfway in the paint, then squeeze it out slightly to remove excess. A passage is made along the entire perimeter, 3 to 5 cm wide. Thanks to this, during further painting with a roller, the junction of the ceiling and the walls, as well as the corners, will not be damaged.
The main whitewashing of the ceiling with water-based paint is done with a roller. It is applied in three passes, regardless of what type of paint is chosen. In this case, the very first pass of paint is carried out parallel to the rays of light incident from the window. The second is in a direction perpendicular to it. The latter should always be directed towards the window.
Each subsequent painting is carried out only on the well-dried previous layer. This requires from 8 to 12 hours.

Painting technology

In a tray filled with paint, moisten the roller and rub it three or four times over the rough surface. This will allow the paint to spread evenly across the roller.
Make the first pass on the ceiling section. Starting from the corner on the left side of the wall opposite the window.
The roller must be moved from left to right. Then change direction. In this case, you need to ensure that the paint is applied in an even layer, without visible transitions. You can also move the roller using W-shaped movements.
The following technique will help remove excess applied paint: when there is no more paint left on the roller, pass it over the painted surface. It will absorb all the excess.
While painting, use a directed bright beam of light to check the quality of the paint.
Using a new roller during the last painting will ensure a uniform surface.
Until the paint has completely dried, no drafts are allowed in the room. It is advisable to protect the painted surface from direct sunlight. This will prevent stains from appearing. Do not try to dry the painted surface with electrical appliances.

Features of painting a plastered surface

The ceiling to which plaster has been applied can be painted using a special spray gun or a regular vacuum cleaner. They provide quality uniform distribution paints on the plastered ceiling surface. At the same time, it lays down in a thin, even layer. It is best to paint using a spray gun over a primer that has already been applied with a roller or brush.