The staircases in the house are of a common design. Choosing a staircase design. Principles for choosing staircase structures for a home

Design of stairs in a private interior

At the design stage of a two-level apartment or country house, the staircase design is selected and technical calculations are prepared. But the staircase is installed after finishing the room, in the prepared place. Until then, a temporary structure connecting the floors is in use.

Classification of stairs

On pain.

The steps seem to hang in the air, attached with bolts (metal bolts and pins) to the wall. In fact, there is no frame, but each step can support a weight of up to 600 kg. It looks very light and weightless and will decorate modern interiors designed in the styles of minimalism, loft, and constructivism.

On the stringers.

Its elements: steps, handrails, stringers (one or two beams on which steps are laid on top). This design of stairs to the second floor looks solid and reliable, so it is better to install them in spacious rooms.

On the bowstrings.

The bowstring performs the same task as the stringer. But the steps are not placed on top of the beam, but cut into the inner edge.

Screw.

Designed for small rooms where you need to save space. The steps are arranged in a spiral around a central support - a metal or wooden post.

What is a march?

The layout of the staircase is influenced by the height of the ceilings and the area of the room. In this regard, the design of staircases distinguishes: single-flight, double-flight, multi-flight.

The march is one flight of stairs. IN two-story house install one- or two-flight ones. Optimal angle lift - 45 degrees.

Closed or open

Depending on the presence of risers (vertical jumpers that connect two adjacent steps), stairs are divided into closed and open type. Closed ones look more impressive, this staircase design is ideal for classic interiors and spacious rooms. For modern situation They usually choose an open structure without risers; it allows light to pass through and gives a lighter impression.

What materials are stairs made of?

The characteristics of the material, its wear resistance, and decorativeness play a key role in the design. Typically, the design of stairs to the second floor uses:

tree,
metal,
concrete,
glass,
combined materials.

Tree

The budget option of softwood (pine, spruce, cedar, fir) is affordable, but their inherent fibrous structure reduces the service life of the stairs.

Birch and maple are semi-hard species; their average price and decent strength characteristics make them the best option to design the stairs. In addition, the structure does not need to be further strengthened. Elite hardwoods of oak, ash, walnut, and beech have a maximum service life: up to fifty years without restoration measures.

Wooden elements are treated with special impregnations to prevent rotting. The stairs are installed after the house has completely settled, because... Wood is a flexible material and can cause deformation during the “movement” of the building. In order for a wooden structure to last longer, the room must be maintained room temperature 20-25 degrees and a humidity level of no more than 70% (if it falls below 60%, turn on household humidifiers).

Thanks to decorative possibilities, the design of wooden stairs suits interiors in the spirit of Victorian classics, country, Provence, Russian hut. It can be expensive varnished wood decorated with carvings or smooth wood of an inexpensive species.

Metal

The indisputable advantages of the material are functional, durable, fireproof, and do not require maintenance. To make load-bearing parts, metals with maximum strength are used - stainless steel, brass, less often bronze, they are less susceptible to destruction. As decoration, the interior of the stairs in the house uses forged and chrome-plated elements with painting or external coating.

In the living room, the design of metal stairs is used very rarely due to a significant drawback: high level noise. To avoid discomfort in the residential interior, metal parts combined with wood.

Glass

Production technologies have made this material impact-resistant due to multi-layer bonding (triplex), external polymer coatings, additional reinforcing layers. The increased strength coefficient allows it to be used for open interior stairs. No less high production costs turn glass into an expensive, elite material.

Stone and concrete

Natural stone is massive, so the design of stairs will require large area when planning. They make it out of it bearing structures, as well as steps. To reduce the final cost, natural stone is replaced with artificial stone in non-load-bearing elements. The decor and railings are made of metal or wood; they are lighter materials.

Alternative natural stone - concrete plates. Thanks to steel reinforcement, they are not inferior to it in strength. In terms of wear resistance, periodic restoration work will be required, and cladding is required when decorating.

Combination principles

By combining materials, the design of stairs neutralizes disadvantages and highlights advantages:

durable and inexpensive concrete slabs are perfect as load-bearing structures;
hardwood is an excellent material for steps;
metal - for railings;
from soft woods, glass, artificial stone an attractive decorative finish is obtained.

Working on a project at the TopDom company

This step by step process, in which the purpose, configuration, materials and appearance of the staircase structure are discussed with the customer. Engineers take measurements, calculate the optimal length and width of steps, slope, height of fences, and solve safety issues for family members. Decorators fit the staircase design into the living space.

A technically complex set of tasks is a reason for us to show competence and creativity!

What staircase to build to the second floor? This question is asked by almost every private home owner. The main selection criteria are safety and ease of use of the design. What is also important is how organically it fits into the interior. Therefore, the staircase design in wooden house does not fade into the background when drawing up a project.

Staircase design options

Wooden staircase structures come in several types:

Marching structures are the most commonly used stair structures. There are several subtypes of stairs:

on stringers;
on bowstrings;
on pain.

Staircases on stringers

Stringers are load-bearing beams at an angle on which steps and fences are attached. Fastening methods vary and depend on the number of beams. Based on the properties of the structure and shape, they can be straight, broken, or involute.

Structures on stringers have the following advantages over other types of stairs:

high level of security;
universal appearance, thanks to which they will look good as usual log house, and in an elite cottage.
Availability large selection sizes, decor;
Possibility of choosing the use of steps.

Stringing structures are also attractive because, based on the traditional model, you can create beautiful wooden stairs By individual order. For example, the design can be made light by using glass railings or transparent plastic handrails.

Transparent railings create a feeling of lightness and airiness

Stairs on bowstrings

The basis of the structure is made up of side supporting beams with grooves into which steps are inserted. Wood is often used to make this type of stairs, although Lately Plastic models began to appear on the market.

Stairs on strings are usually installed in small country houses. Among the positive aspects of such structures, the following are noted:

possibility of replacing individual structural elements;
easy installation;
safety, high strength;
wide choose staircase shapes: spiral, L-shaped, rounded or straight;
possibility of implementing a variety of design solutions: arrangement of balusters in free form, the presence or absence of steps.

The disadvantages of construction on bowstrings are high-precision calculations and experience in performing the work. Errors in the design or unreliable fastenings will negatively affect the safety of the facility. Discrepancies in the supporting beams and steps falling out of the grooves can result in serious injuries.

Bolts are strong metal supports secured with bolts. The design is simple, reliable, and durable. Because load-bearing beam attached to the ceiling, wall or floor with metal rods, structures can withstand very heavy loads.

The good thing about staircases is that they can be disassembled, repaired or reconstructed at any time. Open and closed steps are suitable for such structures. They can be of any shape, size.

Beautiful staircases on rails in a wooden house give the interior airiness and lightness due to the absence of a clearly defined load-bearing element. And the free space under them can be used rationally. For example, make a small library there by installing 2-3 shelves of books.

Spiral staircases

Structures of this type are perfect for amateurs original interior, as well as owners of premises with a limited number of useful square meters.

The spiral structure is formed by: support pillar, steps, fences, railings. Staircases come in a variety of shapes: from round to octagonal.

Frame screw structure Made in most cases from metal. However, there are often models made only from wood. Strength and durability are the main advantages of spiral staircases. However, such structures are not recommended for installation in homes where there are children and elderly people with musculoskeletal disorders.

Materials for making stairs

In production staircase structures use:

wood;
concrete;
glass;
metal;
stone;
plywood;
combination of materials.

Are in great demand metal constructions. They are considered environmentally friendly, reliable, durable, and affordable. A combination of these materials with glass, stone, and plastic is often practiced. This allows the designs to be closer to the style of the interior.

Combination of metal frame and wooden steps

A wooden staircase in a modern style is made from wood species such as pine, oak, beech, fir, larch, and birch. Such designs can be complemented by metal railings decorated with forging.

Forged fences radically change the overall perception

A stone structure also looks no less impressive and is characterized by a long service life. However, its installation requires a highly durable base, since stone is a heavy material.

The stone is quite heavy, so a structure made from this material requires a solid concrete base

Steps or risers are often made from natural stone, and all other elements are made from artificial stone, which significantly facilitates the design. Unnatural stone is inferior to natural stone in its characteristics, but in appearance it is not much different from it.

Stone staircases with forging look especially beautiful and rich. Interesting view create steps from rough stone combined with railings from twisted branches.

Raw stone steps give the interior the atmosphere of an ancient castle

Concrete is considered the most budget-friendly finishing material for stairs. Despite its strength and safety, it is not particularly durable.

For high-tech, pop art, and loft styles, staircase structures with glass steps are suitable. They are made of high strength tempered glass, so you can safely walk on them.

Designs with glass steps fit perfectly into the high-tech style

Popular staircase styles

Nowadays, there are many options for staircase styles. Their number is constantly changing, as design elements are improved and supplemented, creating a completely new style.

However, it is customary to highlight several of the most well-known approaches:

Color solutions

Staircase structures should be made in a color that is in harmony with the interior. Today there is a wide range of shades to choose from. The most popular are:

Staircase structures can also be two-color. For example, a building that combines white and black colors looks beautiful and rich.

Railing options

The railing is constituent elements staircase structures that perform the following functions:

serve for convenient, safe ascent and descent;
act as decoration.

The design of the railing includes handrails and balusters. By handrail we mean a bar that runs along the flight of stairs. A baluster is an element that performs the function of supporting a handrail.

The construction market offers a wide selection of railings. They come in different models:

The choice of one or another version of the railing depends on the style of the interior and the taste preferences of the owner of the house.

Staircase lighting

Lighting of the staircase structure is used for safe movement along it and for decoration. By choosing one or another type of lighting, you can create a suitable atmosphere in your home.

Illuminated steps on the staircase facilitate safe movement along it in the dark.

Practical and aesthetic use of the space under the stairs

The free space created under the stairs can be used to advantage:

They rationally use not only the space under the stairs, but also between the steps. Under them there are special boxes for storing things: shoes, magazines, newspapers. You should not overload the stairs with things, as this can lead to destruction of the structure.

The staircase space between the flights is filled with soft seats and this area is used for reading a favorite book or evening gatherings with loved ones.

Staircases with original design - photo

Sometimes designers are so carried away by their ideas that they create real works of art from decorative wooden stairs, from which it is impossible to take your eyes off.

An integral part of any cottage is the staircase. It occupies a significant part of the room and its appearance must match the style of the interior. It can be used for lifting to the top floor, attic, attic, as well as for descending to the basement country cottage. Its arrangement is an excellent way to give your home individuality and attractiveness.

Types of structures

In cottages it is possible to install stairs from different materials In addition, they may differ in color and shape. Today there are the following types of structures:

Marching ones are based on bowstrings (attached from below) and stringers (from below and from the sides). They are installed in the house if there is a large area or high ceilings. When designing U- and L-shaped flight stairs, the free space under them can be equipped for a pantry, shelving or cabinets. The use of such structures is the most common and traditional.
Screw ones are suitable for rooms with little free space. They look great in any corner of the house. It consists of a central support pillar, steps and railings placed around it. Sometimes beautiful additional racks are used to strengthen the structure. But they are not always convenient for periodic movement, especially for children and the elderly. In some cases, screw ones can be used as part of the interior, and not for their intended purpose. Various versions can be seen in the photo.
Stairs with rails are a design in which steps with handrails are attached directly to the wall with reliable rods. This allows you to design the most diverse and bizarre designs, as well as combine them with marching and screw ones. To install such a structure, a strong load-bearing wall must be used.

Material used

Various can be used for production Construction Materials. Wooden ones are especially popular, because they have a low cost compared to others. In addition, the material is natural and environmentally friendly. For production they take different types wood: oak, solid pine, larch, mahogany and others. Wooden structures can be decorated artistic carving done manually - this will make the decoration of the room more comfortable, rich and warm. Samples can be seen in the photo.

Recently, the demand for stairs with wrought iron railings has increased greatly. This is a real work of art - artistic openwork forging gives lightness and airiness. They look especially interesting on wooden spiral (screw) structures. The ornament can be made in the form beautiful flowers or leaves, branches or a variety of fancy patterns. It is mainly used in the manufacture of railings.

An unusual solution is to make a glass staircase. Installing such a structure in a country cottage is very bold design solution. However, it gives the interior a unique look, creates a feeling of airiness and weightlessness; this effect makes the decoration of the room especially beautiful. To create uniqueness and unusualness, you can equip them with multi-colored lighting. To create them, a special three-layer laminated glass (triplex) is used, which has shockproof properties. If it suddenly cracks or breaks, then pieces of glass remain on the film, so its use can be considered safe.

Stairs made of metal are especially reliable. Made from this material, they are least susceptible to various damages and have very long term operation. Most often it is combined with other beautiful possible materials: wood, artificial or natural stone, glass, laminate. The photo shows various options execution.

Principles for choosing staircase structures for a home

You should choose a staircase before starting construction of a country cottage; in addition, you cannot simply limit yourself to a mark on the house plan. If you plan to install it near a wall, then it is best to choose a design on bolts. The screw type is best suited for installation in small areas; if you have sufficient footage, you should pay attention to wooden flight stairs.

Wall decor along the stairs - integral element in houses with two or more floors. Often the staircase becomes the center of the room, so it is important to decorate it beautifully.

You can use a huge number of options that are most popular and suitable for almost every style. You can find out what design of a wall with a staircase can be made from the article.

Features and types of designs

Typically, in your home, a flight of stairs is the space between the first and second floors. When developing a project, the instructions contained in SNiP are taken into account, ensuring the convenience of the design, and most importantly its safety.

One of the main questions when constructing a staircase is how many steps should there be in a flight of stairs?

This value depends on:

Span heights.
The angle of inclination of the stairs.

The optimal width of the stairs is 80 centimeters. Important aspect– design of the span, which must fit completely into the interior, performing all its assigned functions.

Depending on the type of structure, the following span options can be distinguished:

Straight march. It consists of ordinary steps, under which there is free space, which is additionally used in the future.
March with winder steps, providing a smooth turn of the stairs, as in the photo.
Double march with additional platform. It consists of two marches, which are separated by a platform. In this case, the ladder can be rotated at a certain angle, usually 180° or 90°.
Screw. In this case, the steps are fixed to one axis in a spiral, ensuring a smooth rotation of the stairs.

The following stand out:

Cantilever stairs.
Bolts models.

Their difference from the others is in the special fastening of the steps, and the decor of the walls is done with your own hands quite modestly.

Features of handrail decor

It is impossible to imagine the design of the walls of staircase openings and the stairs themselves without stair railings and handrails.

They include:

Balusters.
Supports.
Railing.

Tip: To install such elements, without disturbing the comfort of movement, the width of the steps should not be less than 80 centimeters.

The fencing is selected in accordance with the stylistic decision.

It could be:

Simple supports. Usually it is square or round wooden blocks, which is relevant for country style. They can be made of PVC gratings and metal rods.
Curly balusters. In this case wooden elements are turned into milling machine according to templates. More complex are carved elements.
Stainless steel railings. Their difference is a simple design in the form of pipes. Used in modern interiors.
Forged metal. Such fences look impressive and stylish. They consist of curly curls and more complex elements. Most often they are combined with wooden railings. They are best used on spiral flights of stairs.
Glass. Combined with stainless steel handrails and supports, it acts as a partition.
Plastic. Serves as handrails on stainless steel. Can imitate other materials.
Stone and concrete. Used for massive structures. This creates a feeling of luxury and grandeur, but small area look bulky and out of place.

How to decorate walls along steps

Decorative walls of the staircase modern interior– one of the main conditions when decorating the interior. The most popular option is hanging paintings and photographs, which adds a variety of colors to the span and noticeably enlivens it. This design of the wall along the stairs allows you to choose the appropriate option for each interior.

The following can be used:

Beautiful paintings (see How to hang paintings on the wall: options).
All kinds of still lifes.
Portraits of loved ones.
Copies of famous reproductions.
Modern interpretations.

If you have artistic talent, you can decorate the walls of the staircase yourself in this way, and draw an original picture for your home.

Tip: If you have any doubts about the design of a flight of stairs, it is best to place bright and beautiful family photographs or your masterpieces on the wall along the stairs.

How to design steps and the space underneath them

With a large width of steps and flights of stairs, it can be supplemented with various decorative items.

Install:

Vases with indoor flowers.
Beautiful sculptures.

Tip: If the width of the flight of stairs is more than one meter, shelves or borders with similar decor on them look good along the wall.

The free space under the steps can be used for your own purposes:

Build in a bookcase.
Place a closet for things.
Place a mattress for rest.
If the steps are wide, this area can be used as an additional room, for example:

children's, for games or sports;
bathroom;
laundry.

The decorative design of the walls of stairs and staircase spaces should be selected in accordance with overall design the entire home. Often there are windows on stairwells where there are sunlight and warmth.

Here you can place a mini-reading room, where it will be pleasant to retire with your favorite book or magazine:

Place a small comfortable sofa or folding chair-bed.
Arrange several shelves for books on the wall, better than a built-in modification.

Tip: You should not make the rack or shelves too wide; it is better if they correspond to the dimensions of the books.

How to create a laconic design

If the width of the staircase does not allow the use of auxiliary decorative elements, preference should be given to a laconic design.

In this case, in the design of a flight of stairs it is assumed that standard techniques will be used:

The steps of the stairs (see: Cladding metal stairs or decorating a house) should look neat and be in harmony in color and material with the surrounding interior. Most often used for finishing:

natural wood;
tile;
laminate;
carpet

Almost any staircase can be complemented with carpeting, which will give the steps softness, warmth and make the sound of footsteps less loud.
The wall decor along the stairs is complemented by panels along the perimeter of the joints, and additionally decorated with various objects.

How to design luxurious flights of stairs

When making a flight of stairs from solid solid wood, you can decorate the space between the stairs using the style of the most magnificent palaces of times, but the price of such an interior will be quite high.

It can be:

Bas-reliefs made of beautiful stones.
A luxurious floor made of expensive marble.
Walls decorated with magnificent patterns.
Phosphoric light flickering pillars.

How to decorate a flight of stairs with frescoes and photo wallpapers

When decorating a flight of stairs in a private house, going up the steps, you can find yourself in a mysterious place where there are many different colors and greenery.

Here you can hear:

Birdsong.
The sounds of a babbling brook.
A breath of fresh breeze.

The steps themselves turn into ancient stone buildings, climbing which one feels as if one finds oneself in an ancient park.

Tip: Wallpaper can be selected with any type, but in accordance with the interior of the home.

Thus, the usual staircase design turns into a different reality.

Wallpaper can be selected with a photograph of a window showing views of:

Sea.
Mountain range.
Normal natural landscape.

It will be the best solution, if the staircase space is not wide and is darkened. It is worth pointing the staircase lighting at this image. Decorating the wall on the stairs along the steps will give a complete look to the entire interior; how to do this better can be seen in the video in this article.

The staircase to the second floor is not only an important functional, but also a decorative element of the interior. Today, the variety of stairs allows you to choose a design that will not only be safe and comfortable, but also fit perfectly into the design of the apartment. How to choose a staircase depending on its location in the home and the style of the apartment - read the article.

Modern staircase production can offer designs that vary in design and materials.

It is necessary to choose a staircase depending on the room where it is located:

For the corridor you should choose U-shaped and L-shaped wooden structures, designed in a single color scheme with premises.
For a spacious hall, straight, wide stairs with marble or stone steps are suitable. Similar structures can also be used as input structures.
For the living room, it is better to choose designs along the wall. The space under the stairs can be closed and serve to accommodate household appliances, paintings and photographs or open and used to organize a recreation area.
For the kitchen, it is better to use simple designs with transparent fences that will not distract from the design of the room. The design of the space under the stairs depends on the style of the kitchen: it can be closed, decorated in the color of the walls of the room, or the area can be used to place built-in modules, cabinets and shelves, and kitchen appliances.
For small utility rooms, a retractable steel staircase is suitable. This design will successfully save square meters, and in order to transport it, the body of a Valdai or Gazelle will be enough for you.

At the same time, the staircase in certain room must correspond to the general style of the room (except for the stairs to the garage, attic and basement: Here you can choose simple designs made of metal and wood).

Do not forget that the staircase to the second floor can lead either directly to the room or to small balcony, connecting the rooms. In this case, it is desirable that the material or at least the color of the staircase steps be in harmony with the solution for finishing the balcony floor, doors and door frames on the floor.

External decorative stairs must match the chosen style in landscape design, design of fences around the perimeter of the house, style of outdoor lighting.

Choosing the design of the staircase in the house to match the style of the apartment

In order to achieve the unity and integrity of the perception of the room and the stairs, you should take into account not only styles, but also sub-styles.

So, for classic Empire interiors, straight structures made of dark wood with lower support pillars, complemented by flat shoes, are suitable. And for a luxurious, monumental Baroque, you should choose decorative stairs with a smooth angle of rotation, marble or stone steps (if the building allows), rounded railings and carved, complemented by supporting pillars with balls, forged fences.

For apartments in modern styles, for example, a loft, open stairs on one metal stringer with steel railings or glass railings. Often in minimalist apartments you can find staircases on rails without railings or screw designs: they look impressive and take up little space (you can easily place furniture under them). In addition, due to their dimensions, such structures can be used both in a house and in an apartment.

When choosing a staircase, you should also take into account the composition of the family: for example, staircases with railings without railings can be dangerous for small children or the elderly.

Hall design with stairs

The hall is the main room that no visitor can miss. Therefore, it is not worth treating it as a utility room that does not require decoration. Even if the hallway is small.

In order for the interior of the hall with a staircase to be pleasant and immerse the visitor in the atmosphere of the home, it is necessary to adhere to a single design:

The walls and floor must be consistent in color or match in temperature.
The staircase should be a logical continuation of the hall design: match the color and material with door frames, mirror frames, photo frames, and furniture.
The geometry of the staircase should also be traced in the geometry of the hall. So, if the staircase is spiral or has rounded, smooth handrails, then the furniture in the hallway should be rounded (for example, round ottomans instead of traditional polygonal ones).
The lighting should also be in harmony with the design of the staircase. So, a multi-tiered chandelier in the Baroque style will look ridiculous in a hall with metal spiral staircase or open design on one stringer.

The interior of a hall with a staircase may include such elements as: mirrors, tall plants in pots, ottomans or small hallways, wardrobes, hangers, a table with flowers in a vase.

You can create interior projects with stairs yourself (using design programs). Or you can turn to professionals: a group of specialists will provide a comprehensive package of services (from developing a three-dimensional room layout to selecting a design).

How to design a small corridor with stairs to the second floor

A corridor with a staircase to the second floor is practical, safe and convenient. Therefore, when designing a corridor you should adhere to these criteria. This is especially important for small rooms: everything here should be logical and functional.

So, in order to issue small corridor with stairs you can use:

Large mirrors covering the entire wall. Large mirror will visually expand the room and become a practical element.
Niches. If the staircase is closed, the space under it can be decorated with built-in niches, which will become both decorative elements and practical elements for storing small items.
Shelving. Rack in the form right triangle Can be placed under an open staircase.

To make the room seem larger, you should use light colors in decoration and active lighting. You can also illuminate the steps of the stairs using LED backlight(suitable for modern interiors).

Decor and color of the walls along the stairs

When designing a staircase, you should take into account not only the style of the apartment, but also color scheme walls adjacent to the stairs. The design of the walls depends on the taste preferences of the home owner and can be completely different. The main thing here is to maintain a balance of colors and decorative elements in the interior. So, for example, for bright walls in the Art Nouveau style you should not choose designs with big amount decor.

The most popular options for decorating walls along the stairs using:

Photographs or paintings. Photographs and paintings can be either color or black and white. Instead of one large element It’s better to use a collage of small ones, different in shape and size.
Niches and shelves. It is better to place niches along the movement, and shelves - in the corners of the walls. Inside the niches you can place interesting figurines, vases or flower pots, on the shelves - a collection of plates and climbing plants.
Contrast. The combination of black and white is considered universal. You can combine these colors in different ways. At the same time, the staircase can be either monochrome or two-color. Bright colors can be used in combination with white.

Suitable for wall decoration: wallpaper (including photo wallpaper), decorative plaster, interior paint.

You can decorate the walls along the stairs in an unusual way using interesting lighting fixtures, garlands of light bulbs or flags, motivational inscriptions (at the same time, the color scheme of the walls should be neutral).

How to create a unique staircase design in a house to the second floor (video)

Staircase - significant architectural element, which should not only be safe, but also fit the style of the room and meet the taste preferences of the residents. The design of internal structures depends on the location of the stairs in the house and the design of the floors. Get ideas from finished projects stairs, get inspired by unusual architectural solutions, and create your own unique interior!